UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington D.C. 20549

SCHEDULE 14A INFORMATION

Proxy Statement Pursuant to Section 14(a) of the Securities
Exchange Act of 1934 (Amendment No.____)

Filed by the Registrant þ
Filed by a Party other than the Registrant o

Check the appropriate box:

o		Preliminary Proxy Statement
o		Confidential, for Use of the Commission Only (as permitted by Rule 14a-6(e)(2))
o		Definitive Proxy Statement
þ		Definitive Additional Materials
o		Soliciting Material Pursuant to §240.14a-12

 

(Name of Registrant as Specified in its Charter)

 

N/A

(Name of Person(s) Filing Proxy Statement, if Other Than the Registrant)

Payment of Filing Fee (Check the appropriate box):

þ		No fee required.
o		Fee computed on table below per Exchange Act Rules 14a-6(i)(1) and 0-11.

	1)		Title of each class of securities to which transaction applies:
	2)		Aggregate number of securities to which transaction applies:
	3)		Per unit price or other underlying value of transaction computed pursuant to Exchange Act Rule 0-11 (set forth the amount on which the filing fee is calculated and state how it was determined):
	4)		Proposed maximum aggregate value of transaction:
	5)		Total fee paid:

o		Fee paid previously with preliminary materials.
o		Check box if any part of the fee is offset as provided by Exchange Act Rule 0-11(a)(2) and identify the filing for which the offsetting fee was paid previously. Identify the previous filing by registration statement number, or the form or schedule and the date of its filing.

	1)		Amount Previously Paid:
	2)		Form, Schedule or Registration Statement No.:
	3)		Filing Party:
	4)		Date Filed:

 

 

UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington D.C. 20549

FORM 10-K

(Mark One)

þ		Annual Report Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934

o		Transition Report Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934

Commission File Number: 000-49733

FIRST INTERSTATE BANCSYSTEM, INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Montana (State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)		81-0331430 (IRS Employer Identification No.)
401 North 31st Street Billings, Montana (Address of principal executive offices)		59116 (Zip Code)

(406) 255-5390
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act: None

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: Common stock without par value per share

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.

o Yes       þ No

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act.

o Yes       þ No

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. þ Yes       o No

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Website, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§223.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that registrant was required to submit and post such files).

o Yes       o No

Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of the registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K. o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):

o Large accelerated filer		o Accelerated filer		þ Non-accelerated filer (Do not check if a smaller reporting company)		o Smaller reporting company

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act.) o Yes       þ No

The registrant’s common stock is not publicly traded, and there is no established trading market for its stock. Therefore, the aggregate market value of voting and non-voting common equity held by non-affiliates, computed by reference to the price at which the common equity was last sold, or the average bid and asked price of such common equity, as of the last business day of the registrant’s most recently completed second fiscal quarter, was $0.

The number of shares outstanding of the registrant’s common stock as of January 31, 2010 was 7,837,397.

Documents Incorporated by Reference

The registrant intends to file a definitive Proxy Statement for the Annual Meeting of Shareholders scheduled to be held May 7, 2010. The information required by Part III of this Form 10-K is incorporated by reference from such Proxy Statement.

 

 

PART I

Item 1. Business

     The disclosures set forth in this report are qualified by Item 1A. Risk Factors included herein and the section captioned “Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements and Factors that Could Affect Future Results” included in Part II, Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations. When we refer to “we,” “our,” “us” or the “Company” in this annual report, we mean First Interstate BancSystem, Inc. and our consolidated subsidiaries, including our wholly-owned subsidiary, First Interstate Bank, unless the context indicates that we refer only to the parent company, First Interstate BancSystem, Inc. When we refer to the “Bank” in this annual report, we mean First Interstate Bank.

Our Company

     We are a financial and bank holding company incorporated as a Montana corporation in 1971. We are headquartered in Billings, Montana. As of January 31, 2010, we had consolidated assets of $7.0 billion, deposits of $5.7 billion, loans of $4.5 billion and total stockholders’ equity of $576 million. We currently operate 72 banking offices in 42 communities located in Montana, Wyoming and western South Dakota. Through our wholly-owned subsidiary, First Interstate Bank, or the Bank, we deliver a comprehensive range of banking products and services to individuals, businesses, municipalities and other entities throughout our market areas. Our customers participate in a wide variety of industries, including energy, healthcare and professional services, education and governmental services, construction, mining, agriculture, retail and wholesale trade and tourism. Our principal markets range in size from 23,000 to 150,000 people, have diversified economic characteristics and favorable population growth prospects and usually serve as trade centers for larger rural areas.

     We are the licensee under a perpetual trademark license agreement granting us an exclusive, nontransferable license to use the “First Interstate” name and logo in Montana, Wyoming and the six neighboring states of Idaho, Utah, Colorado, Nebraska, South Dakota and North Dakota.

     We have grown our business by adhering to a set of guiding principles and a long-term disciplined perspective that emphasizes our commitment to providing high-quality financial products and services, delivering quality customer service, effecting business leadership through professional and dedicated managers and employees, assisting our communities through socially responsible leadership and cultivating a strong and positive corporate culture. In the future, we intend to remain a leader in our markets by continuing to adhere to the core principles and values that have contributed to our growth and success and by continuing to follow our community banking model. In addition, we plan to continue to expand our business in a disciplined and prudent manner, including organic growth in our existing market areas and expansion into new and complementary markets when appropriate opportunities arise.

Community Banking

     Community banking encompasses commercial and consumer banking services provided through our Bank, primarily the acceptance of deposits; extensions of credit; mortgage loan origination and servicing; and trust, employee benefit, investment and insurance services. Our community banking philosophy emphasizes providing customers with commercial and consumer banking products and services locally using a personalized service approach while strengthening the communities in our market areas through community service activities. We grant our banking offices significant authority in delivering and pricing products in response to local market considerations and customer needs. This authority enables our banking offices to remain competitive by responding quickly to local market conditions and enhances their relationships with the customers they serve by tailoring our products and price points to each individual customer’s needs. We also require accountability by having company-wide standards and established limits on the authority and discretion of each banking office. This combination of authority and accountability allows our banking offices to provide personalized customer service and be in close contact with our communities, while at the same time promoting strong performance at the branch level and remaining focused on our overall financial performance.

Lending Activities

     We offer short and long-term real estate, consumer, commercial, agricultural and other loans to individuals and businesses in our market areas. We have comprehensive credit policies establishing company-wide underwriting and documentation standards to assist management in the lending process and to limit our risk. These credit policies establish lending guidelines based on the experience and authority levels of the personnel located in each banking office and market. The policies also establish thresholds at which loan requests must be recommended by our credit committee and/or approved by the Bank’s board of directors. While each loan must meet minimum underwriting standards established in our credit policies, lending officers are granted certain levels of authority in approving and pricing loans to assure that the banking offices are responsive to competitive issues and community needs in each market area.

Deposit Products

     We offer traditional depository products including checking, savings and time deposits. Deposits at the Bank are insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, or FDIC, up to statutory limits. We also offer repurchase agreements primarily to commercial and municipal depositors. Under repurchase agreements, we sell investment securities held by the Bank to our customers under an agreement to repurchase the investment securities at a specified time or on demand. All outstanding repurchase agreements are due in one business day.

Wealth Management

     We provide a wide range of trust, employee benefit, investment management, insurance, agency and custodial services to individuals, businesses and nonprofit organizations. These services include the administration of estates and personal trusts; management of investment accounts for individuals, employee benefit plans and charitable foundations; and insurance planning. As of January 31, 2010, the estimated fair value of trust assets held in a fiduciary or agent capacity was in excess of $2.4 billion.

Centralized Services

     We have centralized certain operational activities to provide consistent service levels to our customers company-wide, to gain efficiency in management of those activities and to ensure regulatory compliance. Centralized operational activities generally support our banking offices in the delivery of products and services to customers and include marketing; credit review; credit cards; mortgage loan sales and servicing; indirect consumer loan purchasing and processing; loan collections and, other operational activities. Additionally, policy and management direction and specialized staff support services have been centralized to enable our branches to serve their markets more effectively. These services include credit administration, finance, accounting, human resource management, internal audit and other support services.

Competition

     Commercial banking is highly competitive. We compete with other financial institutions located in Montana, Wyoming, South Dakota and adjoining states for deposits, loans and trust, employee benefit, investment and insurance accounts. We also compete with savings and loan associations, savings banks and credit unions for deposits and loans. In addition, we compete with large banks in major financial centers and other financial intermediaries, such as consumer finance companies, brokerage firms, mortgage banking companies, insurance companies, securities firms, mutual funds and certain government agencies as well as major retailers, all actively engaged in providing various types of loans and other financial services. We generally compete on the basis of customer service and responsiveness to customer needs, available loan and deposit products, rates of interest charged on loans, rates of interest paid for deposits and the availability and pricing of trust, employee benefit, investment and insurance services.

Employees

     At January 31, 2010, we employed 1,727 full-time equivalent employees, none of whom are represented by a collective bargaining agreement. We strive to be the employer of choice in the markets we serve and consider our employee relations to be good.

Regulation and Supervision

Regulatory Authorities

     We are subject to extensive regulation under federal and state laws. A description of the significant laws and regulations applicable to us is summarized below. In addition to laws and regulations, state and federal banking regulatory agencies may issue policy statements, interpretive letters and similar written guidance applicable to us. Those issuances may affect the conduct of our business or impose additional regulatory obligations.

     As a financial and bank holding company, we are subject to regulation under the Bank Holding Company Act of 1956, as amended (the “Bank Holding Company Act”) and to supervision, regulation and regular examination by the Federal Reserve. Because we have a class of stock registered under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, we are also subject to the disclosure and regulatory requirements of the Securities Act and the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, as administered by the Securities and Exchange Commission, or SEC.

     The Bank is subject to supervision and regular examination by its primary banking regulators, the Federal Reserve and the State of Montana, Department of Administration, Division of Banking and Financial Institutions, with respect to its activities in Wyoming the State of Wyoming, Department of Audit, and with respect to its activities in South Dakota, the State of South Dakota Department of Revenue & Regulation, Division of Banking.

     The Bank’s deposits are insured by the Deposit Insurance Fund, or DIF, of the FDIC in the manner and to the extent provided by law. The Bank is subject to the Federal Deposit Insurance Act, or FDIA, and FDIC regulations relating to deposit insurance and may also be subject to supervision and examination by the FDIC.

     The extensive regulation of the Bank limits both the activities in which the Bank may engage and the conduct of its permitted activities. Further, the laws and regulations impose reporting and information collection obligations on the Bank. The Bank incurs significant costs relating to compliance with various laws and regulations and the collection and retention of information.

Financial and Bank Holding Company

     The Bank is a bank holding company and has registered as a financial holding company under regulations issued by the Federal Reserve. As a matter of policy, the Federal Reserve expects a bank holding company to act as a source of financial and managerial strength to its subsidiary banks and to commit resources to support its subsidiary banks. Under this “source of strength” doctrine, the Federal Reserve may require a bank holding company to make capital injections into a troubled subsidiary bank. The Federal Reserve may also determine that the bank holding company is engaging in unsafe and unsound practices if it fails to commit resources to such a subsidiary bank. A capital injection or other financial or managerial support may be required at times when the bank holding company does not have the resources to provide it. Such capital injections in the form of loans are also subordinate to deposits and to certain other indebtedness of its subsidiary banks.

     We are required by the Bank Holding Company Act to obtain Federal Reserve approval prior to acquiring, directly or indirectly, ownership or control of voting shares of any bank, if, after such acquisition, we would own or control more than 5% of its voting stock. Pursuant to the Riegle-Neal Interstate Banking and Branching Efficiency Act of 1994 (the “Riegle-Neal Act”), a bank holding company may acquire banks in states other than its home state, subject to any state requirement that the bank has been organized and operating for a minimum period of time, not to exceed five years, and the requirement that the bank holding company not control, prior to or following the proposed acquisition, more than 10% of the total amount of deposits of insured depository institutions nationwide or, unless the acquisition is the bank holding company’s initial entry into the state, more than 30% of such deposits in the state, or such lesser or greater amount set by state law of such deposits in that state. The Riegle-Neal Act also authorizes banks to merge across state lines, thereby creating interstate branches. Banks are also permitted to acquire and to establish new branches in other states where authorized under the laws of those states. With regard to interstate bank mergers, a state can prohibit them entirely or prohibit them to the extent that they would exceed such a specified percentage of insured bank deposits, provided such prohibition does not discriminate against out-of-state banks. Under Montana law, banks, bank holding companies and their respective subsidiaries cannot acquire control of a bank located in Montana if, after the acquisition, the acquiring institution and its affiliates would directly or indirectly control, in the aggregate, more than 22% of the total deposits of insured depository institutions located in Montana.

     Under the Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act of 1999, or GLB Act, and as a financial holding company, we may engage in certain business activities that are determined by the Federal Reserve to be financial in nature or incidental to financial activities as well as all activities authorized to bank holding companies generally. In most circumstances, we must notify the Federal Reserve of our financial activities within a specified time period following our initial engagement in each business or activity. If the type of proposed business or activity has not been previously determined by the Federal Reserve to be financially related or incidental to financial activities, we must receive the prior approval of the Federal Reserve before engaging in the activity.

     We may engage in authorized financial activities, such as providing investment services, provided that we remain a financial holding company and meet certain regulatory standards of being “well capitalized” and “well managed.” If we fail to meet the “well capitalized” or “well managed” regulatory standards, we may be required to cease our financial holding company activities or, in certain circumstances, to divest of the Bank. We do not currently engage in significant financial holding company businesses or activities not otherwise permitted for bank holding companies generally. Should we engage in certain financial activities currently authorized to financial holding companies, we may become subject to additional laws, regulations, supervision and examination by regulatory agencies.

     In addition, in order to assess the financial strength of the bank holding company, the Federal Reserve and the State of Montana also conducts throughout the year periodic onsite and offsite inspections and credit reviews of us.

     Our ability to redeem shares of company stock is limited under Federal Reserve regulations. In general, those regulations permit us to redeem stock without prior approval of the Federal Reserve only if the company is well-capitalized both before and immediately after the redemption. In February 2009, the Federal Reserve issued SR 09-4 which, among other things, requires all bank holding companies to consult with the Federal Reserve prior to redeeming stock without regard to the bank holding company’s capital status or regulations otherwise permitting redemptions without prior approval of the Federal Reserve. The Federal Reserve has not indicated whether SR 09-4 will be rescinded.

Restrictions on Transfers of Funds to Us and the Bank

     Dividends from the Bank are the primary source of funds for the payment of our expenses of operating and for the payment of dividends to and the repurchase of shares from our shareholders. Under both state and federal law, the amount of dividends that may be paid by the Bank from time to time is limited. In general, the Bank is limited to paying dividends that do not exceed the current year net profits together with retained earnings from the two preceding calendar years unless the prior consents of the Montana and federal banking regulators are obtained.

     A state or federal banking regulator may impose, by regulatory order or agreement of the Bank, specific dividend limitations or prohibitions in certain circumstances. The Bank is not currently subject to a specific regulatory dividend limitation other than generally applicable limitations.

     In general, banks are also prohibited from making capital distributions, including dividends and are prohibited from paying management fees to control persons if it would be “undercapitalized” under the regulatory framework for corrective action after making such payments. See “—Capital Standards and Prompt Corrective Action.”

     Certain restrictive covenants in future debt instruments may also limit the Bank’s ability to make dividend payments to us. Also, under Montana corporate law, a dividend may not be paid if, after giving effect to the dividend: (1) the company would not be able to pay its debts as they become due in the usual course of business; or (2) the company’s total assets would be less than the sum of its total liabilities plus the amount that would be needed, if the company were to be dissolved at the time of the dividend, to satisfy the preferential rights upon dissolution of shareholders whose preferential rights are superior to those receiving the dividend.

     In addition, under the Federal Reserve Act, the Bank may not lend funds to, or otherwise extend credit to or for our benefit or the benefit of our affiliates, except on specified types and amounts of collateral and other terms required by state and federal law. This may limit our ability to obtain funds from the Bank for our cash needs, including funds for payment of dividends, interest and operational expenses. The Federal Reserve also has authority to define and limit the transactions between banks and their affiliates. The Federal Reserve’s Regulation W and relevant federal statutes, among other things, impose significant additional limitations on transactions in which the Bank may engage with us, with each other, or with other affiliates.

     Furthermore, because we are a legal entity separate and distinct from the Bank, our right to participate in the distribution of assets of the Bank upon its liquidation or reorganization will be subject to the prior claims of the Bank’s creditors. In the event of such a liquidation or other resolution, the claims of depositors and other general or subordinated creditors of the Bank are entitled to a priority of payment of the claims of holders of any obligation of the Bank to its shareholders, including us, or our shareholders or creditors.

Capital Standards and Prompt Corrective Action

     Banks and bank holding companies are subject to various regulatory capital requirements administered by state and federal banking agencies. Capital adequacy guidelines and, additionally for banks, prompt corrective action regulations, involve quantitative measures of assets, liabilities and certain off-balance sheet items calculated under regulatory accounting practices. Capital amounts and classifications are also subject to qualitative judgments by regulators about components, risk weighting and other factors.

     The Federal Reserve Board and the FDIC have substantially similar risk-based capital ratio and leverage ratio guidelines for banking organizations. The guidelines are intended to ensure that banking organizations have adequate capital given the risk levels of assets and off-balance sheet financial instruments. Under the guidelines, banking organizations are required to maintain minimum ratios for tier 1 capital and total capital to risk-weighted assets (including certain off-balance sheet items, such as letters of credit). For purposes of calculating the ratios, a banking organization’s assets and some of its specified off-balance sheet commitments and obligations are assigned to various risk categories. Generally, under the applicable guidelines, a financial institution’s capital is divided into two tiers. These tiers are:

	•		Core Capital (tier 1). Tier 1 capital includes common equity, noncumulative perpetual preferred stock (excluding auction rate issues) and minority interests in equity accounts of consolidated subsidiaries, less both goodwill and, with certain limited exceptions, all other intangible assets. Bank holding companies, however, may include up to a limit of 25% of cumulative preferred stock in their tier 1 capital.
	•		Supplementary Capital (tier 2). Tier 2 capital includes, among other things, cumulative and limited-life preferred stock, hybrid capital instruments, mandatory convertible securities, qualifying subordinated debt and the allowance for loan and lease losses, subject to certain limitations.

     Institutions that must incorporate market risk exposure into their risk-based capital requirements may also have a third tier of capital in the form of restricted short-term subordinated debt.

     We, like other bank holding companies, currently are required to maintain tier 1 capital and total capital (the sum of tier 1 and tier 2 capital) equal to at least 4.0% and 8.0%, respectively, of our total risk-weighted assets. The Bank, like other depository institutions, is required to maintain similar capital levels under capital adequacy guidelines. For a depository institution to be considered “well capitalized” under the regulatory framework for prompt corrective action its tier 1 and total capital ratios must be at least 6.0% and 10.0% on a risk-adjusted basis, respectively.

     Bank holding companies and banks are also required to comply with minimum leverage ratio requirements. The leverage ratio is the ratio of a banking organization’s tier 1 capital to its total adjusted quarterly average assets (as defined for regulatory purposes). The requirements necessitate a minimum leverage ratio of 3.0% for financial holding companies and banks that either have the highest supervisory rating or have implemented the appropriate federal regulatory authority’s risk-adjusted capital measure for market risk. All other financial holding companies and banks are required to maintain a minimum leverage ratio of 4.0%, unless a different minimum is specified by an appropriate regulatory authority. For a depository institution to be considered “well capitalized” under the regulatory framework for prompt corrective action, its leverage ratio must be at least 5.0%.

     The capital guidelines also provide that banking organizations experiencing significant internal growth or making acquisitions will be expected to maintain strong capital positions substantially above the minimum supervisory levels, without significant reliance on intangible assets. In addition, the regulations of the bank regulators provide that concentration of credit risks arising from non-traditional activities, as well as an institution’s ability to manage these risks, are important factors to be taken into account by regulatory agencies in assessing an organization’s overall capital adequacy. The Federal Reserve has not advised us of any specific minimum leverage ratio applicable to us or the Bank.

     The FDIA requires, among other things, the federal banking agencies to take “prompt corrective action” in respect of depository institutions that do not meet minimum capital requirements. The FDIA sets forth the following five capital tiers: “well capitalized,” “adequately capitalized,” “undercapitalized,” “significantly undercapitalized” and “critically undercapitalized.” A depository institution’s capital tier will depend upon how its capital levels compare with various relevant capital measures and certain other factors, as established by regulation. The relevant capital measures are the total capital ratio, the tier 1 capital ratio and the leverage ratio.

     Under the regulations adopted by the federal regulatory authorities, a bank will be: (1) “well capitalized” if the institution has a total risk-based capital ratio of 10.0% or greater, a tier 1 risk-based capital ratio of 6.0% or greater and a leverage ratio of 5.0% or greater and is not subject to any order or written directive by any such regulatory authority to meet and maintain a specific capital level for any capital measure; (2) “adequately capitalized” if the institution has a total risk-based capital ratio of 8.0% or greater, a tier 1 risk-based capital ratio of 4.0% or greater and a leverage ratio of 4.0% or greater (3.0% in certain circumstances ) and is not “well capitalized”; (3) “undercapitalized” if the institution has a total risk-based capital ratio that is less than 8.0%, a tier 1 risk-based capital ratio of less than 4.0% or a leverage ratio of less than 4.0% (3.0% in certain circumstances); (4) “significantly undercapitalized” if the institution has a total risk-based capital ratio of less than 6.0%, a tier 1 risk-based capital ratio of less than 3.0% or a leverage ratio of less than 3.0%; and (5) “critically undercapitalized” if the institution’s tangible equity is equal to or less than 2.0% of average quarterly tangible assets. An institution may be downgraded to, or deemed to be in, a capital category that is lower than indicated by its capital ratios if it is determined to be in an unsafe or unsound condition or if it receives an unsatisfactory examination rating with respect to certain matters. Our regulatory capital ratios and those of the Bank are in excess of the levels established for “well capitalized” institutions. A bank’s capital category is determined solely for the purpose of applying prompt corrective action regulations and the capital category may not constitute an accurate representation of the bank’s overall financial condition or prospects for other purposes.

     The FDIA generally prohibits a depository institution from making any capital distributions (including payment of a dividend) or paying any management fee to its parent holding company if the depository institution would thereafter be undercapitalized. Undercapitalized institutions are subject to growth limitations and are required to submit a capital restoration plan. The agencies may not accept such a plan without determining, among other things, that the plan is based on realistic assumptions and is likely to succeed in restoring the depository institution’s capital. In addition, for a capital restoration plan to be acceptable, the depository institution’s parent holding company must guarantee that the institution will comply with such capital restoration plan. The aggregate liability of the parent holding company is limited to the lesser of (1) an amount equal to 5.0% of the depository institution’s total assets at the time it became undercapitalized and (2) the amount which is necessary (or would have been necessary) to bring the institution into compliance with all capital standards applicable with respect to such institution as of the time it fails to comply with the plan. If a depository institution fails to submit an acceptable plan, it is treated as if it is “significantly undercapitalized.”

     “Significantly undercapitalized” depository institutions may be subject to a number of requirements and restrictions, including mandated capital raising activities such as orders to sell sufficient voting stock to become “adequately capitalized,” requirements to reduce total assets, restrictions for interest rates paid, removal of management and cessation of receipt of deposits from correspondent banks. “Critically undercapitalized” institutions are subject to the appointment of a receiver or conservator.

Safety and Soundness Standards and Other Enforcement Mechanisms

     The federal banking agencies have adopted guidelines establishing standards for safety and soundness, asset quality and earnings, internal controls and audit systems, among others, as required by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation Improvement Act, or FDICIA. These standards are designed to identify potential concerns and ensure that action is taken to address those concerns before they pose a risk to the DIF. If a federal banking agency determines that an institution fails to meet any of these standards, the agency may require the institution to submit an acceptable plan to achieve compliance with the standard. If the institution fails to submit an acceptable plan within the time allowed by the agency or fails in any material respect to implement an accepted plan, the agency must, by order, require the institution to correct the deficiency.

     Federal banking agencies possess broad enforcement powers to take corrective and other supervisory action on an insured bank and its holding company. Moreover, federal laws require each federal banking agency to take prompt corrective action to resolve the problems of insured banks. Bank holding companies and insured banks are subject to a wide range of potential enforcement actions by federal regulators for violation of any law, rule, regulation, standard, condition imposed in writing by the regulator, or term of a written agreement with the regulator.

Emergency Economic Stabilization Act of 2008

     In response to the financial crisis affecting the banking system and financial markets, the Emergency Economic Stabilization Act of 2008, or EESA, was enacted on October 3, 2008. The EESA authorizes the U.S. Treasury, or Treasury, to provide up to $700 billion in funding to stabilize and provide liquidity to the financial markets. Pursuant to the EESA, the Treasury was initially authorized to use $350 billion for the Troubled Asset Relief Program, or TARP. Of this amount, the Treasury allocated $250 billion to the TARP Capital Purchase Program described below. On January 15, 2009, the second $350 billion of TARP monies was released to the Treasury. On February 17, 2009, the American Recovery and Reinvestment of 2009, or AARA, was enacted which amended, in certain respects, the EESA and provided an additional $787 billion in economic stimulus funding.

     Under the TARP Capital Purchase Program, the Treasury will invest up to $250 billion in senior preferred stock of U.S. banks and savings associations or their holding companies. Qualifying financial institutions may issue senior preferred stock with a value equal to not less than 1% of risk-weighted assets and not more than the lesser of $25 billion or 3% of risk-weighted assets. In conjunction with the issuance of the senior preferred stock, participating institutions must issue to the Treasury immediately exercisable 10-year warrants to purchase common stock with an aggregate market price equal to 5% of the amount of senior preferred stock. Participating financial institutions are required to adopt the Treasury’s standards for executive compensation and corporate governance for the period during which the Treasury holds equity issued under the TARP Capital Purchase Program. Although we submitted an application for participation in the TARP Capital Purchase Program and were approved, we have elected not to participate in this program.

Deposit Insurance

     The FDIC is an independent federal agency that insures deposits, up to prescribed statutory limits, of federally insured banks and savings institutions and safeguards the safety and soundness of the banking and savings industries. The FDIC insures our customer deposits through the DIF up to prescribed limits for each depositor. Pursuant to the EESA, the maximum deposit insurance amount has been increased from $100,000 to $250,000 per depositor. The EESA, as amended by the Helping Families Save Their Homes Act of 2009, provides that the basic deposit insurance limit will return to $100,000 after December 31, 2013. The amount of FDIC assessments paid by each DIF member institution is based on its relative risk of default as measured by regulatory capital ratios and other supervisory factors. Pursuant to the Federal Deposit Insurance Reform Act of 2005, the FDIC is authorized to set the reserve ratio for the DIF annually at between 1.15% and 1.50% of estimated insured deposits. The FDIC may increase or decrease the assessment rate schedule on a semi-annual basis.

     The FDIC made several adjustments to the assessment rate during 2009 including a special assessment permitted under statutory authority granted in 2008. The assessment schedule published as of April 1, 2009 and effective for assessments on and after September 30, 2009 provides for assessment ranges, based upon risk assessment of each insured depository institution, of between 7 and 77.5 cents per $100 of domestic deposits. The Bank is currently in Risk Category 1, the lowest risk category, which provides for a base assessment range of 7 to 24 cents per $100 of domestic deposits. The special assessment was applicable to all insured depository institutions and totaled 5 basis points of each institution’s total assets less tier 1 capital as of June 30, 2009, not to exceed 10 basis points of domestic deposits.

     On November 21, 2008, the FDIC adopted a final rule relating to the Temporary Liquidity Guaranty Program, or TLG, Program. Under the TLG Program, the FDIC will (1) guarantee, through the earlier of maturity or June 30, 2012, certain newly issued senior unsecured debt issued by participating institutions on or after October 14, 2008 and before June 30, 2009 and (2) provide full FDIC deposit insurance coverage for non-interest bearing transaction deposit accounts, Negotiable Order of Withdrawal, or NOW, accounts paying 0.5% or less interest per annum and Interest on Lawyers Trust Accounts, or IOLTA, held at participating FDIC-insured institutions through June 30, 2010. On March 17, 2009, the FDIC extended the debt guarantee program through October 31, 2009. The Bank elected to participate in the deposit insurance coverage guarantee program. The Bank has not elected to participate in the unsecured debt guarantee program because more cost-effective liquidity sources are available to us. Coverage under the TLG Program was available for the first 30 days without charge. The fee assessment for deposit insurance coverage is 10 basis points per annum on amounts in covered accounts exceeding $250,000.

     All FDIC-insured institutions are required to pay assessments to the FDIC to fund interest payments on bonds issued by the Financing Corporation, or FICO, an agency of the Federal government established to recapitalize the predecessor to the DIF. The FICO assessment rates, which are determined quarterly, averaged 0.01% of insured deposits in fiscal 2009. These assessments will continue until the FICO bonds mature in 2017.

     On November 17, 2009, the FDIC imposed a prepayment requirement on most insured depository organizations, requiring that the organizations prepay estimated quarterly risk-based assessments for the fourth quarter of 2009 and for each calendar quarter for calendar years 2010, 2011 and 2012. The FDIC has stated that the prepayment requirement was imposed in response to a negative balance in the DIF.

     The Bank made its prepayment on December 31, 2009 in the total amount of $32 million. The actual assessments becoming due from the Bank on the last day of each calendar quarter will be applied against the prepaid amount until the prepayment amount is exhausted. If the prepayment amount is not exhausted before June 30, 2013 any remaining balance will be returned to the Bank. The prepayment amount does not bear interest.

Insolvency of an Insured Depository Institution

     If the FDIC is appointed the conservator or receiver of an insured depository institution upon its insolvency or in certain other events, the FDIC has the power, among other things: (1) to transfer any of the depository institution’s assets and liabilities to a new obligor without the approval of the depository institution’s creditors; (2) to enforce the terms of the depository institution’s contracts pursuant to their terms; or (3) to repudiate or disaffirm any contract or lease to which the depository institution is a party, the performance of which is determined by the FDIC to be burdensome and the disaffirmation or repudiation of which is determined by the FDIC to promote the orderly administration of the depository institution.

Depositor Preference

     The FDIA provides that, in the event of the “liquidation or other resolution” of an insured depository institution, the claims of depositors of the institution, including the claims of the FDIC as subrogee of insured depositors and certain claims for administrative expenses of the FDIC as a receiver, will have priority over other general unsecured claims against the institution. If an insured depository institution fails, insured and uninsured depositors, along with the FDIC, will have priority in payment ahead of unsecured, non-deposit creditors, including the parent bank holding company, with respect to any extensions of credit they have made to such insured depository institution.

Customer Privacy and Other Consumer Protections

     The GLB Act imposes customer privacy requirements on any company engaged in financial activities, including the Bank and us. Under these requirements, a financial company is required to protect the security and confidentiality of customer nonpublic personal information. In addition, for customers who obtain a financial product such as a loan for personal, family or household purposes, a financial holding company is required to disclose its privacy policy to the customer at the time the relationship is established and annually thereafter. The financial company must also disclose its policies concerning the sharing of the customer’s nonpublic personal information with affiliates and third parties. Finally, a financial company is prohibited from disclosing an account number or similar item to a third party for use in telemarketing, direct mail marketing or marketing through electronic mail.

     The Bank is subject to a variety of federal and state laws and reporting obligations aimed at protecting consumers including the Home Mortgage Disclosure Act, the Real Estate Settlement Procedures Act, the Equal Credit Opportunity Act, the Truth in Lending Act, the Fair Credit Reporting Act, the Equal Credit Opportunity Act, the Fair Debt Collection Practices Act and the Electronic Fund Transfer Act.

     On November 17, 2009, the Federal Reserve Board published a final rule amending Regulation E, which implements the Electronic Fund Transfer Act. The final rule limits the ability of a financial institution to assess an overdraft fee for paying automated teller machine transactions and one-time debit card transactions that overdraw a customer’s account, unless the customer affirmatively consents, or opts in, to the institution’s payment of overdrafts for these transactions.

     There have been numerous attempts at the federal level to expand consumer protection measures. A major focus of recent legislation has been aimed at the creation of a consumer financial protection agency that would be dedicated to administering and enforcing fair lending and consumer compliance laws with respect to financial products. If enacted, such legislation may have a substantial impact on the Bank’s operations. However, because any final legislation may differ significantly from current proposals, the specific effects of the legislation cannot be evaluated at this time.

     In addition, the Community Reinvestment Act, or CRA, generally requires the federal banking agencies to evaluate the record of a financial institution in meeting the credit needs of its local communities, including low and moderate income neighborhoods. In addition to substantial penalties and corrective measures that may be required for a violation of fair lending laws, the federal banking agencies may take compliance with such laws and the CRA into account when regulating and supervising our other activities or in authorizing new activities.

     In connection with its assessment of CRA performance, the appropriate bank regulatory agency assigns a rating of “outstanding,” “satisfactory,” “needs to improve” or “substantial noncompliance.” The Bank received an “outstanding” rating on its most recent published examination. Although the Bank’s policies and procedures are designed to achieve compliance with all fair lending and CRA requirements, instances of non-compliance are occasionally identified through normal operational activities. Management responds proactively to correct all instances of non-compliance and implement procedures to prevent further violations from occurring.

USA PATRIOT Act

     The USA PATRIOT Act of 2001 amended the Bank Secrecy Act of 1970 and adopted additional measures requiring insured depository institutions, broker-dealers and certain other financial institutions to have policies, procedures and controls to detect, prevent and report money laundering and terrorist financing. These acts and their regulations also provide for information sharing, subject to conditions, between federal law enforcement agencies and financial institutions, as well as among financial institutions, for counter-terrorism purposes. Federal banking regulators are required, when reviewing bank holding company acquisition or merger applications, to take into account the effectiveness of the anti-money laundering activities of the applicants. Failure of a financial institution to maintain and implement adequate programs to combat money laundering and terrorist financing could have serious legal and reputational consequences for the institution. The USA PATRIOT Improvement and Reauthorization Act of 2005, among other things, made permanent or otherwise generally extended the effectiveness of provisions applicable to financial institutions.

Effect of Economic Conditions, Government Policies and Legislation

     Banking depends on interest rate differentials. In general, the difference between the interest rate paid by the Bank on deposits and borrowings and the interest rate received by the Bank on loans extended to customers and on investment securities comprises a major portion of the Bank’s earnings. These rates are highly sensitive to many factors that are beyond the control of the Bank. Accordingly, the earnings and potential growth of the Bank are subject to the influence of domestic and foreign economic conditions, including inflation, recession and unemployment.

     The commercial banking business is not only affected by general economic conditions but is also influenced by the monetary and fiscal policies of the federal government and the policies of regulatory agencies, particularly the Federal Reserve. The Federal Reserve implements national monetary policies (with objectives such as curbing inflation and combating recession) by its open-market operations in United States government securities, by adjusting the required level of reserves for financial institutions subject to the Federal Reserve’s reserve requirements and by varying the discount rates applicable to borrowings by depository institutions. The actions of the Federal Reserve in these areas influence the growth of bank loans, investments and deposits and also affect interest rates charged on loans and paid on deposits. The nature and impact of any future changes in monetary policies cannot be predicted.

     From time to time, legislative and regulatory initiatives are introduced in Congress and state legislatures, as well as regulatory agencies. Such initiatives may include proposals to expand or contract the powers of financial and bank holding companies and depository institutions, proposals to substantially change the financial institution regulatory system or proposals to increase the required capital levels of insured depository organizations such as the Bank. Such legislation could change banking statutes and our operating environment in substantial and unpredictable ways. If enacted, such legislations could increase or decrease the cost of doing business, limit or expand permissible activities or affect the competitive balance among banks and other financial services providers. We cannot predict whether such legislation will be enacted and, if enacted, the effect that it, or any implementing regulations, would have on our financial condition, results of operations or cash flows.

Website Access to SEC Filings

     All of our reports and statements filed or furnished electronically with the SEC, including Annual Reports on Form 10-K, Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q, Current Reports on Form 8-K and Proxy Statements, as well as amendments to these reports and statements filed or furnished pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Exchange Act, are accessible at no cost through our website at www.firstinterstatebank.com as soon as reasonably practicable after they have been filed with the SEC. These reports are also accessible on the SEC’s website at www.sec.gov. The public may read and copy materials we file with the SEC at the public reference facilities maintained by the SEC at Room 1580, 100 F Street N.E., Washington, DC 20549. The public may obtain information on the operation of the public reference room by calling the SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330. Our website and the information contained therein or connected thereto is not intended to be incorporated into this report and should not be considered a part of this report.

Item 1A. Risk Factors

     Like other financial and bank holding companies, we are subject to a number of risks, many of which are outside of our control. If any of the events or circumstances described in the following risk factors actually occur, our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects could be harmed. These risks are not the only ones that we may face. Other risks of which we are not aware, including those which relate to the banking and financial services industry in general and us in particular, or those which we do not currently believe are material, may harm our future business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects. Readers should consider carefully the following important factors in evaluating us, our business and an investment in our securities.

Risks Relating to the Market and Our Business

     We may incur significant credit losses, particularly in light of current market conditions.

     We take on credit risk by virtue of making loans and extending loan commitments and letters of credit. Our credit standards, procedures and policies may not prevent us from incurring substantial credit losses, particularly in light of market developments in recent years. During 2008 and 2009, we experienced deterioration in credit quality, particularly in certain real estate development loans, due, in part, to the impact resulting from the downturn in the prevailing economic, real estate and credit markets. This deterioration resulted in higher levels of non-performing assets, including other real estate owned and internally risk classified loans, thereby increasing our provision for loan losses and decreasing our operating income in 2008 and 2009. As of December 31, 2009, we had total non-performing assets of approximately $163 million, compared with approximately $97 million as of December 31, 2008 and approximately $36 million as of December 31, 2007. Given the current economic conditions and trends, management believes we will continue to experience credit deterioration and higher levels of non-performing loans in the near-term, which will likely have an adverse impact on our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects.

     Our concentration of real estate loans subjects us to increased risks in the event real estate values continue to decline due to the economic recession, a further deterioration in the real estate markets or other causes.

     At December 31, 2009, we had approximately $3.0 billion of commercial, agricultural, construction, residential and other real estate loans, representing approximately 65% of our total loan portfolio. The current economic recession, deterioration in the real estate markets and increasing delinquencies and foreclosures have had an adverse effect on the collateral value for many of our loans and on the repayment ability of many of our borrowers. The continuation or further deterioration of these factors, including increasing foreclosures and unemployment, will continue to have the same or similar adverse effects. In addition, these factors could reduce the amount of loans we make to businesses in the construction and real estate industry, which could negatively impact our interest income and results of operations. A continued decline in real estate values could also lead to higher charge-offs in the event of defaults in our real estate loan portfolio. Similarly, the occurrence of a natural or manmade disaster in our market areas could impair the value of the collateral we hold for real estate secured loans. Any one or a combination of the factors identified above could negatively impact our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects.

     Economic and market developments, including the potential for inflation, may have an adverse effect on our business, possibly in ways that are not predictable or that we may fail to anticipate.

     Recent economic and market developments and the potential for continued economic disruptions and inflation present considerable risks and challenges to us. Dramatic declines in the housing market, with decreasing home prices and increasing delinquencies and foreclosures throughout most of the nation, have negatively impacted the credit performance of mortgage and construction loans and resulted in significant write-downs of assets by many financial institutions. General downward economic trends, reduced availability of commercial credit and increasing unemployment have also negatively impacted the credit performance of commercial and consumer credit, resulting in additional write-downs. These risks and challenges have significantly diminished overall confidence in the national economy, the financial markets and many financial institutions. This reduced confidence could further compound the overall market disruptions and risks to banks and bank holding companies, including us.

     In addition to economic conditions, our business is also affected by political uncertainties, volatility, illiquidity, interest rates, inflation and other developments impacting the financial markets. Such factors have affected and may further adversely affect, both credit and financial markets and future economic growth, resulting in adverse effects on us and other financial institutions in ways that are not predictable or that we may fail to anticipate.

     Many of our loans are to commercial borrowers, which have a higher degree of risk than other types of loans.

     Commercial loans, including commercial real estate loans, are often larger and involve greater risks than other types of lending. Because payments on such loans are often dependent on the successful operation or development of the property or business involved, repayment of such loans is more sensitive than other types of loans to adverse conditions in the real estate market or the general economy. Accordingly, the recent downturn in the real estate market and economy has heightened our risk related to commercial loans, particularly commercial real estate loans. Unlike residential mortgage loans, which generally are made on the basis of the borrowers’ ability to make repayment from their employment and other income and which are secured by real property whose value tends to be more easily ascertainable, commercial loans typically are made on the basis of the borrowers’ ability to make repayment from the cash flow of the commercial venture. If the cash flow from business operations is reduced, the borrower’s ability to repay the loan may be impaired. Due to the larger average size of each commercial loan as compared with other loans such as residential loans, as well as the collateral which is generally less readily-marketable, losses incurred on a small number of commercial loans could have a material adverse impact on our financial condition and results of operations. At December 31, 2009, we had approximately $2.3 billion of commercial loans, including approximately $1.6 billion of commercial real estate loans, representing approximately 51% of our total loan portfolio.

     If we experience loan losses in excess of estimated amounts, our earnings will be adversely affected.

     The risk of credit losses on loans varies with, among other things, general economic conditions, the type of loan being made, the creditworthiness of the borrower over the term of the loan and, in the case of a collateralized loan, the value and marketability of the collateral for the loan. We maintain an allowance for loan losses based upon, among other things, historical experience, an evaluation of economic conditions and regular reviews of loan portfolio quality. Based upon such factors, our management makes various assumptions and judgments about the ultimate collectability of our loan portfolio and provides an allowance for loan losses. These assumptions and judgments are even more complex and difficult to determine given recent market developments, the potential for continued market turmoil and the significant uncertainty of future conditions in the general economy and banking industry. If management’s assumptions and judgments prove to be incorrect and the allowance for loan losses is inadequate to absorb future losses, or if the banking authorities or regulations require us to increase the allowance for loan losses, our earnings, financial condition, results of operations and prospects could be significantly and adversely affected.

     As of December 31, 2009, our allowance for loan losses was approximately $103 million, which represented 2.28% of total outstanding loans. Our allowance for loan losses may not be sufficient to cover future loan losses. Future adjustments to the allowance for loan losses may be necessary if economic conditions differ substantially from the assumptions used or further adverse developments arise with respect to our non-performing or performing loans. Material additions to our allowance for loan losses could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition, results of operations and prospects.

     Our goodwill may become impaired, which may adversely impact our results of operations and financial condition and may limit the ability of our wholly-owned subsidiary, First Interstate Bank, to pay dividends to us, thereby causing liquidity issues.

     The excess purchase price over the fair value of net assets from acquisitions, or goodwill, is evaluated for impairment at least annually and on an interim basis if an event or circumstance indicates that it is likely an impairment has occurred. In testing for impairment, the fair value of net assets is estimated based on an analysis of market-based trading and transaction multiples of selected peer banks; and, if required, the estimated fair value is allocated to the acquired assets and liabilities comprising the goodwill. Consequently, the determination of goodwill will be sensitive to market-based trading and transaction multiples. As such, variability in market conditions could result in impairment of goodwill, which is recorded as a noncash adjustment to income. As of December 31, 2009, we had goodwill of approximately $184 million, which was 2.6% of our total assets. An impairment of goodwill could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects.

     Furthermore, an impairment of goodwill could cause the Bank to be unable to pay dividends to us, which would reduce our cash flow and cause liquidity issues. See below “Our Bank’s ability to pay dividends to us is subject to regulatory limitations, which, to the extent we are not able to receive such dividends, may impair our ability to grow, pay dividends, cover operating expenses and meet debt service requirements.”

Changes in interest rates could negatively impact our net interest income, may weaken demand for our products and services or harm our results of operations and cash flows.

     Our earnings and cash flows are largely dependent upon net interest income, which is the difference between interest income earned on interest-earning assets such as loans and securities and interest expense paid on interest-bearing liabilities such as deposits and borrowed funds. Interest rates are highly sensitive to many factors that are beyond our control, including general economic conditions and policies of various governmental and regulatory agencies, particularly the Federal Reserve. Changes in monetary policy, including changes in interest rates, could influence not only the interest we receive on loans and securities and the amount of interest we pay on deposits and borrowings, but such changes could also adversely affect (1) our ability to originate loans and obtain deposits, (2) the fair value of our financial assets and liabilities, including mortgage servicing rights, (3) our ability to realize gains on the sale of assets and (4) the average duration of our mortgage-backed investment securities portfolio. An increase in interest rates may reduce customers’ desire to borrow money from us as it increases their borrowing costs and may adversely affect the ability of borrowers to pay the principal or interest on loans which may lead to an increase in non-performing assets and a reduction of income recognized, which could harm our results of operations and cash flows. Further, because many of our variable rate loans contain interest rate floors, as market interest rates begin to rise, the interest rates on these loans may not increase correspondingly. In contrast, decreasing interest rates have the effect of causing customers to refinance mortgage loans faster than anticipated. This causes the value of assets related to the servicing rights on mortgage loans sold to be lower than originally recognized. If this happens, we may need to write down our mortgage servicing rights asset faster, which would accelerate expense and lower our earnings. Any substantial, unexpected or prolonged change in market interest rates could have a material adverse effect on our cash flows, financial condition, results of operations and prospects. If the current low interest rate environment were to continue for a prolonged period, our interest income could decrease, adversely impacting our financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.

     We may not continue to have access to low-cost funding sources.

     We depend on checking and savings, NOW and money market deposit account balances and other forms of customer deposits as our primary source of funding. Such account and deposit balances can decrease when customers perceive alternative investments, such as the stock market, as providing a better risk/return tradeoff. If customers move money out of bank deposits and into other investments, we could lose a relatively low cost source of funds, increasing its funding costs and reducing our net interest income and net income.

     Our deposit insurance premiums could be substantially higher in the future, which could have a material adverse effect on our future earnings.

     The FDIC insures deposits at FDIC insured depository institutions, including the Bank. Under current FDIC regulations, each insured depository institution is subject to a risk-based assessment system and, depending on its assigned risk category, is assessed insurance premiums based on the amount of deposits held. The FDIC charges insured financial institutions premiums to maintain the DIF at a certain level. Recent bank failures have reduced the DIF’s reserves to their lowest level in more than 15 years. On October 16, 2008, the FDIC published a restoration plan designed to replenish the DIF over a period of five years and to increase the deposit insurance reserve ratio to 1.15% of insured deposits by December 31, 2013. To implement the restoration plan, the FDIC changed both its risk-based assessment system and its base assessment rates. For the first quarter of 2009 only, the FDIC increased all FDIC deposit assessment rates by 7 basis points. On February 27, 2009, the FDIC amended the restoration plan to extend the restoration plan horizon to seven years. The amended restoration plan was accompanied by a final rule on March 4, 2009, which adjusted how the risk-based assessment system differentiates for risk and that set new assessment rates. Under the final rule, the base assessment rates increased substantially beginning April 1, 2009.

     On May 22, 2009, the FDIC adopted a final rule imposing a 5 basis point special assessment on each insured depository institution’s assets minus Tier 1 capital, as of June 30, 2009. On November 17, 2009, the FDIC also published a final rule requiring insured depository institutions to prepay their estimated quarterly risk-based assessments for the fourth quarter of 2009 and for all of 2010, 2011 and 2012.

     A change in the risk category assigned to our Bank, further adjustments to base assessment rates and additional special assessments could have a material adverse effect on our earnings, financial condition and results of operation.

     We may not be able to continue growing our business.

     Our total assets have grown from $5.2 billion as of December 31, 2007 to $7.1 billion as of December 31, 2009. Our ability to grow depends, in part, upon our ability to successfully attract deposits, identify favorable loan and investment opportunities, open new branch banking offices and expand into new and complementary markets when appropriate opportunities arise. In the event we do not continue to grow, our results of operations could be adversely impacted.

     Our ability to grow successfully depends on our capital resources and whether we can continue to fund growth while maintaining cost controls and asset quality, as well as on other factors beyond our control, such as national and regional economic conditions and interest rate trends. If we are not able to make loans, attract deposits and maintain asset quality due to constrained capital resources or other reasons, we may not be able to continue growing our business, which could adversely impact our earnings, financial condition, results of operations, and prospects.

     Adverse economic conditions affecting Montana, Wyoming and western South Dakota could harm our business.

     Our customers with loan and/or deposit balances are located predominantly in Montana, Wyoming and western South Dakota. Because of the concentration of loans and deposits in these states, existing or future adverse economic conditions in Montana, Wyoming or western South Dakota could cause us to experience higher rates of loss and delinquency on our loans than if the loans were more geographically diversified. The current economic recession has adversely affected the real estate and business environment in certain areas in Montana, Wyoming and western South Dakota, especially in markets dependent upon resort communities and second homes such as Bozeman, Montana, Kalispell, Montana, and Jackson, Wyoming. In the future, adverse economic conditions, including inflation, recession and unemployment and other factors, such as political or business developments, natural disasters, wide-spread disease, terrorist activity, environmental contamination and other unfavorable conditions and events that affect these states, could reduce demand for credit or fee-based products and may delay or prevent borrowers from repaying their loans. Adverse conditions and other factors identified above could also negatively affect real estate and other collateral values, interest rate levels and the availability of credit to refinance loans at or prior to maturity. These results could adversely impact our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects.

     We are subject to significant governmental regulation and new or changes in existing regulatory, tax and accounting rules and interpretations could significantly harm our business.

     The financial services industry is extensively regulated. Federal and state banking regulations are designed primarily to protect the deposit insurance funds and consumers, not to benefit a financial company’s shareholders. These regulations may impose significant limitations on operations. The significant federal and state banking regulations that affect us are described in this report under the heading “Regulation and Supervision.” These regulations, along with the currently existing tax, accounting, securities, insurance and monetary laws and regulations, rules, standards, policies and interpretations control the methods by which we conduct business, implement strategic initiatives and tax compliance and govern financial reporting and disclosures. These laws, regulations, rules, standards, policies and interpretations are undergoing significant review, are constantly evolving and may change significantly, particularly given the recent market developments in the banking and financial services industries.

     Recent events have resulted in legislators, regulators and authoritative bodies, such as the Financial Accounting Standards Board, the SEC, the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board and various taxing authorities, responding by adopting and/or proposing substantive revisions to laws, regulations, rules, standards, policies and interpretations. Further, federal monetary policy as implemented through the Federal Reserve can significantly affect credit conditions in our markets.

     The nature, extent and timing of the adoption of significant new laws, regulations, rules, standards, policies and interpretations, or changes in or repeal of these items or specific actions of regulators, may increase our costs of compliance and harm our business. For example, potential increases in or other modifications affecting regulatory capital thresholds could impact our status as “well capitalized.” We may not be able to predict accurately the extent of any impact from changes in existing laws, regulations, rules, standards, policies and interpretations.

     Non-compliance with laws and regulations could result in fines, sanctions and other enforcement actions and the loss of our financial holding company status.

     Federal and state regulators have broad enforcement powers. If we fail to comply with any laws, regulations, rules, standards, policies or interpretations applicable to us, we could face various sanctions and enforcement actions, which include:

	•		the appointment of a conservator or receiver for us;
	•		the issuance of a cease and desist order that can be judicially enforced;
	•		the termination of our deposit insurance;
	•		the imposition of civil monetary fines and penalties;
	•		the issuance of directives to increase capital;
	•		the issuance of formal and informal agreements;
	•		the issuance of removal and prohibition orders against officers, directors and other institution- affiliated parties; and
	•		the enforcement of such actions through injunctions or restraining orders.

     The imposition of any such sanctions or other enforcement actions could adversely impact our earnings, financial condition, results of operations and prospects. Furthermore, as a financial holding company, we may engage in authorized financial activities, provided we are in compliance with applicable regulatory standards and guidelines. If we fail to meet such standards and guidelines, we may be required to cease certain financial holding company activities and, in certain circumstances, to divest the Bank.

     The effects of recent legislative and regulatory efforts are uncertain.

     In response to market disruptions, legislators and financial regulators have implemented a number of mechanisms designed to stabilize the financial markets, including the provision of direct and indirect assistance to distressed financial institutions, assistance by the banking authorities in arranging acquisitions of weakened banks, broker-dealers, implementation of programs by the Federal Reserve and to provide liquidity to the commercial paper markets. On October 3, 2008, the EESA was enacted which, among other things, authorized the Treasury to provide up to $700 billion of funding to stabilize and provide liquidity to the financial markets. On October 14, 2008, the Secretary of the Treasury announced the TARP Capital Purchase Program, a program in which $250 billion of the funds under EESA are made available for the purchase of preferred equity interests in qualifying financial institutions. On February 17, 2009, the ARRA was enacted which amended, in certain respects, EESA and provided an additional $787 billion in economic stimulus funding. Also in 2009, legislation proposing significant structural reforms to the financial services industry was introduced in the U.S. Congress and passed by the House of Representatives. Among other things, the legislation proposes the establishment of a consumer financial protection agency, which would have broad authority to regulate providers of credit, savings, payment and other consumer financial products and services.

     Other recent developments include:

	•		the Federal Reserve’s proposed guidance on incentive compensation policies at banking organizations;
	•		proposals to limit a lender’s ability to foreclose on mortgages or make such foreclosures less economically viable, including allowing Chapter 13 bankruptcy plans to “cram down” the value of certain mortgages on a consumer’s principal residence to its market value and/or reset interest rates and monthly payments to permit defaulting debtors to remain in their home; and
	•		accelerating the effective date of various provisions of the Credit Card Accountability Responsibility and Disclosure Act of 2009, which restrict certain credit and charge card practices, require expanded disclosures to consumers and provide consumers with the right to opt out of interest rate increases (with limited exceptions).

     These initiatives may increase our expenses or decrease our income by, among other things, making it harder for us to foreclose on mortgages. Further, the overall effects of these and other legislative and regulatory efforts on the financial markets remain uncertain and they may not have the intended stabilization results. These efforts may even have unintended harmful consequences on the U.S. financial system and our business. Should these or other legislative or regulatory initiatives have unintended effects, our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects could be materially and adversely affected.

     In addition, we may need to modify our strategies and business operations in response to these changes. We may also incur increased capital requirements and constraints or additional costs in order to satisfy new regulatory requirements. Given the volatile nature of the current market and the uncertainties underlying efforts to mitigate or reverse disruptions, we may not timely anticipate or manage existing, new or additional risks, contingencies or developments in the current or future environment. Our failure to do so could materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects.

     We are dependent upon the services of our management team.

     Our future success and profitability is dependent substantially upon the management skills of our executive officers and directors, many of whom have held officer and director positions with us for many years. The unanticipated loss or unavailability of key executives, including Lyle R. Knight, President and Chief Executive Officer, who has announced his plan to retire in March 2012, Terrill R. Moore, Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer, Gregory A. Duncan, Executive Vice President and Chief Operating Officer, Edward Garding, Executive Vice President and Chief Credit Officer, and Julie A. Castle, President—First Interstate Bank Wealth Management, could harm our ability to operate our business or execute our business strategy. We cannot assure you that we will be successful in retaining these key employees or finding suitable successors in the event of their loss or unavailability.

     We may not be able to attract and retain qualified employees to operate our business effectively.

     There is substantial competition for qualified personnel in our markets. Although unemployment rates have been rising in Montana, Wyoming, South Dakota and the surrounding region, it may still be difficult to attract and retain qualified employees at all management and staffing levels. Failure to attract and retain employees and maintain adequate staffing of qualified personnel could adversely impact our operations and our ability to execute our business strategy. Furthermore, relatively low unemployment rates in certain of our markets, compared with national unemployment rates, may lead to significant increases in salaries, wages and employee benefits expenses as we compete for qualified, skilled employees, which could negatively impact our results of operations and financial condition.

     A failure of the technology we use could harm our business and our information systems may experience a breach in security.

     We rely heavily on communications and information systems to conduct our business and we depend heavily upon data processing, software, communication and information exchange from a number of vendors on a variety of computing platforms and networks and over the internet. We cannot be certain that all of our systems are entirely free from vulnerability to breaches of security or other technological difficulties or failures. A breach in the security of these systems could result in failures or disruptions in our customer relationship management, general ledger, deposit, loan, investment, credit card and other information systems. A breach of the security of our information systems could damage our reputation, result in a loss of customer business, subject us to additional regulatory scrutiny and expose us to civil litigation and possible financial liability.

     Furthermore, the computer systems and network infrastructure we use could be vulnerable to other unforeseen problems, such as damage from fire, privacy loss, telecommunications failure or other similar events which would also have an adverse impact on our financial condition and results of operations.

     An extended disruption of vital infrastructure and other business interruptions could negatively impact our business.

     Our operations depend upon vital infrastructure components including, among other things, transportation systems, power grids and telecommunication systems. A disruption in our operations resulting from failure of transportation and telecommunication systems, loss of power, interruption of other utilities, natural disaster, fire, global climate changes, computer hacking or viruses, failure of technology, terrorist activity or the domestic and foreign response to such activity or other events outside of our control could have an adverse impact on the financial services industry as a whole and/or on our business. Our business recovery plan may not be adequate and may not prevent significant interruptions of our operations or substantial losses.

     Recent market disruptions have caused increased liquidity risks.

     The recent disruption and illiquidity in the credit markets are continuing challenges that have generally made potential funding sources more difficult to access, less reliable and more expensive. In addition, liquidity in the inter-bank market, as well as the markets for commercial paper and other short-term instruments, have contracted significantly. Reflecting concern about the stability of the financial markets generally and the strength of counterparties, many lenders and institutional investors have reduced and, in some cases, ceased to provide funding to borrowers, including other financial institutions. These market conditions have made the management of our own and our customers’ liquidity significantly more challenging. A further deterioration in the credit markets or a prolonged period without improvement of market liquidity could adversely affect our liquidity and financial condition, including our regulatory capital ratios, and could adversely affect our business, results of operations and prospects.

     We may not be able to meet the cash flow requirements of our depositors and borrowers unless we maintain sufficient liquidity.

     Liquidity is the ability to meet current and future cash flow needs on a timely basis at a reasonable cost. Our liquidity is used to make loans and to repay deposit liabilities as they become due or are demanded by customers. Potential alternative sources of liquidity include federal funds purchased and securities sold under repurchase agreements. We maintain a portfolio of investment securities that may be used as a secondary source of liquidity to the extent the securities are not pledged for collateral. Other potential sources of liquidity include the sale of loans, the utilization of available government and regulatory assistance programs, the ability to acquire national market, non-core deposits, the issuance of additional collateralized borrowings such as Federal Home Loan Bank, or FHLB, advances, the issuance of debt securities, issuance of equity securities and borrowings through the Federal Reserve’s discount window. Without sufficient liquidity from these potential sources, we may not be able to meet the cash flow requirements of our depositors and borrowers.

     We may not be able to find suitable acquisition candidates.

     Although our growth strategy is to primarily focus and promote organic growth, we also have in the past and intend in the future to complement and expand our business by pursuing strategic acquisitions of banks and other financial institutions. We believe, however, there are a limited number of banks that will meet our acquisition criteria and, consequently, we cannot assure you that we will be able to identify suitable candidates for acquisitions. In addition, even if suitable candidates are identified, we expect to compete with other potential bidders for such businesses, many of which may have greater financial resources than we have. Our failure to find suitable acquisition candidates, or successfully bid against other competitors for acquisitions, could adversely affect our ability to successfully implement our business strategy.

     We may be unable to manage our growth due to acquisitions, which could have an adverse effect on our financial condition or results of operations.

     Acquisitions of other banks and financial institutions involve risks of changes in results of operations or cash flows, unforeseen liabilities relating to the acquired institution or arising out of the acquisition, asset quality problems of the acquired entity and other conditions not within our control, such as adverse personnel relations, loss of customers because of change of identity, deterioration in local economic conditions and other risks affecting the acquired institution. In addition, the process of integrating acquired entities will divert significant management time and resources. We may not be able to integrate successfully or operate profitably any financial institutions we may acquire. We may experience disruption and incur unexpected expenses in integrating acquisitions. There can be no assurance that any such acquisitions will enhance our cash flows, business, financial condition, results of operations or prospects and such acquisitions may have an adverse effect on our results of operations, particularly during periods in which the acquisitions are being integrated into our operations.

     We face significant competition from other financial institutions and financial services providers.

     We face substantial competition in all areas of our operations from a variety of different competitors, many of which are larger and may have more financial resources, higher lending limits and large branch networks. Such competitors primarily include national, regional and community banks within the various markets we serve. We also face competition from many other types of financial institutions, including, without limitation, savings and loans, credit unions, finance companies, brokerage firms, insurance companies, factoring companies and other financial intermediaries. The financial services industry could become even more competitive as a result of legislative, regulatory and technological changes and continued consolidation. Banks, securities firms and insurance companies can merge under the umbrella of a financial holding company, which can offer virtually any type of financial service, including banking, securities underwriting, insurance (both agency and underwriting) and merchant banking. Increased competition among financial services companies due to the recent consolidation of certain competing financial institutions and the conversion of certain investment banks to bank holding companies may adversely affect our ability to market our products and services. Also, technology has lowered barriers to entry and made it possible for nonbanks to offer products and services traditionally provided by banks, such as automatic funds transfer and automatic payment systems. Many of our competitors have fewer regulatory constraints and may have lower cost structures. Additionally, due to their size, many competitors may offer a broader range of products and services as well as better pricing for those products and services than we can.

     Our ability to compete successfully depends on a number of factors, including, among other things:

	•		the ability to develop, maintain and build upon long-term customer relationships based on quality service, high ethical standards and safe, sound assets;
	•		the ability to expand our market position;
	•		the scope, relevance and pricing of products and services offered to meet customer needs and demands;
	•		the rate at which we introduce new products and services relative to our competitors;
	•		customer satisfaction with our level of service; and
	•		industry and general economic trends.

     Failure to perform in any of these areas could significantly weaken our competitive position, which could adversely affect our growth and profitability, which, in turn, could harm our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects.

     We may not be able to manage risks inherent in our business, particularly given the recent turbulent and dynamic market conditions.

     A comprehensive and well-integrated risk management function is essential for our business. We have adopted various policies, procedures and systems to monitor and manage risk and are currently implementing a centralized risk oversight function. These policies, procedures and systems may be inadequate to identify and mitigate all risks inherent in our business. In addition, our business and the markets and industry in which we operate are continuously evolving. We may fail to understand fully the implications of changes in our business or the financial markets and fail to adequately or timely enhance our risk framework to address those changes, particularly given the recent turbulent and dynamic market conditions. If our risk framework is ineffective, either because it fails to keep pace with changes in the financial markets or in our business or for other reasons, we could incur losses and otherwise experience harm to our business.

     Our systems of internal operating controls may not be effective.

     We establish and maintain systems of internal operational controls that provide us with critical information used to manage our business. These systems are subject to various inherent limitations, including cost, judgments used in decision-making, assumptions about the likelihood of future events, the soundness of our systems, the possibility of human error and the risk of fraud. Moreover, controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions and the risk that the degree of compliance with policies or procedures may deteriorate over time. Because of these limitations, any system of internal operating controls may not be successful in preventing all errors or fraud or in making all material information known in a timely manner to the appropriate levels of management. From time to time, losses from operational malfunctions or fraud have occurred and may occur in the future. Any future losses related to internal operating control systems could have an adverse effect on our business and, in turn, on our financial condition, results of operations and prospects.

     We may become liable for environmental remediation and other costs on repossessed properties, which could adversely impact our results of operations, cash flows and financial condition.

     A significant portion of our loan portfolio is secured by real property. During the ordinary course of business, we may foreclose on and take title to properties securing certain loans. If hazardous or toxic substances are found on these properties, we may be liable for remediation costs, as well as for personal injury and property damage. Environmental laws may require us to incur substantial expenses and may materially reduce the affected property’s value or limit our ability to use or sell the affected property. In addition, future laws or more stringent interpretations or enforcement policies with respect to existing laws may increase our exposure to environmental liability. The remediation costs and any other financial liabilities associated with an environmental hazard could have a material adverse effect on our cash flows, financial condition and results of operations.

     We may not effectively implement new technology-driven products and services or be successful in marketing these products and services to our customers.

     The financial services industry is continually undergoing rapid technological change with frequent introductions of new technology-driven products and services. The effective use of technology increases efficiency and enables financial institutions to better serve customers and to reduce costs. Our future success depends, in part, upon our ability to use technology to provide products and services that will satisfy customer demands, as well as to create additional efficiencies in our operations. Many of our competitors have substantially greater resources to invest in technological improvements. We may not be able to effectively implement new technology-driven products and services or be successful in marketing these products and services to our customers. Failure to successfully keep pace with technological change affecting the financial services industry could have a material adverse impact on our business and, in turn, on our financial condition, results of operations and prospects.

     We are subject to claims and litigation pertaining to our fiduciary responsibilities.

     Some of the services we provide, such as trust and investment services, require us to act as fiduciaries for our customers and others. From time to time, third parties make claims and take legal action against us pertaining to the performance of our fiduciary responsibilities. If these claims and legal actions are not resolved in a manner favorable to us, we may be exposed to significant financial liability and/or our reputation could be damaged. Either of these results may adversely impact demand for our products and services or otherwise have a harmful effect on our business and, in turn, on our financial condition, results of operations and prospects.

     The Federal Reserve may require us to commit capital resources to support our bank subsidiary.

     As a matter of policy, the Federal Reserve, which examines us and our subsidiaries, expects a bank holding company to act as a source of financial and managerial strength to a subsidiary bank and to commit resources to support such subsidiary bank. Under the “source of strength” doctrine, the Federal Reserve may require a bank holding company to make capital injections into a troubled subsidiary bank and may charge the bank holding company with engaging in unsafe and unsound practices for failure to commit resources to such a subsidiary bank. A capital injection may be required at times when the holding company may not have the resources to provide it and therefore may be required to borrow the funds. Any loans by a holding company to its subsidiary bank are subordinate in right of payment to deposits and to certain other indebtedness of such subsidiary bank. In the event of a bank holding company’s bankruptcy, the bankruptcy trustee will assume any commitment by the holding company to a federal bank regulatory agency to maintain the capital of a subsidiary bank. Moreover, bankruptcy law provides that claims based on any such commitment will be entitled to a priority of payment over the claims of the institution’s general unsecured creditors, including the holders of its note obligations. Thus, any borrowing that must be done by the holding company in order to make the required capital injection becomes more difficult and expensive and will adversely impact the holding company’s cash flows, financial condition, results of operations and prospects.

     Failure to meet our debt covenants could result in our debt becoming immediately due and payable, which could adversely impact our results from operations, cash flows and financial condition.

     Our syndicated credit agreement contains covenants that, among other things, establish minimum capital and financial performance ratios, and place restrictions on capital expenditures, indebtedness, redemptions or repurchases of common stock and the amount of dividends payable to shareholders. Since the incurrence of this indebtedness in January 2008 and the subsequent and continuing downturn in general economic conditions, we have been in default three times under the terms of the agreement for failing to comply with these debt covenants. The defaults were attributable primarily to the deterioration in credit quality that we experienced during 2008 and 2009, which has resulted in higher levels of non-performing loans, as well as changed guidance in November 2009 by federal banking regulators that negatively impacted the calculation of our regulatory capital ratios. While we have been successful in all three instances in amending and obtaining waivers of each of the defaults under our syndicated credit agreement, the amendments and waivers were coupled with concessions, including the elimination of the revolving credit facility portion of the agreement, the advancement by approximately two years of the maturity date for the term loan portion of the credit facility, and an increase to the interest rate charged on the term notes. We also paid during 2009 aggregate amendment and waiver fees of $259,000 to the lenders under the syndicated credit agreement. Given the current economic conditions and trends, management believes we will continue to experience credit deterioration and higher levels of non-performing loans in the near-term, which could cause us to again default under the financial covenants contained in our syndicated credit agreement. It is possible, therefore, that we will be required to pursue further waivers or amendments with respect to the covenants, which waivers or amendments, if available, could contain additional terms that are unfavorable to us. If the waivers or amendments are not available on terms acceptable to us, or at all, the failure to comply with the debt covenants could result in, among other remedies, the debt becoming immediately due and payable and the subsequent liquidation of our assets in satisfaction of the debt. In any such instance, our results of operations, cash flows and financial condition could be materially adversely affected.

     We may be adversely affected by the soundness of other financial institutions.

     The financial services industry as a whole, as well as the securities markets generally, have been materially and adversely affected by significant declines in the values of nearly all asset classes and a serious lack of liquidity. If other financial institutions in our markets dispose of real estate collateral at below-market prices to meet liquidity or regulatory requirements, such actions could negatively impact overall real estate values, including properties securing our loans. Our credit risk is exacerbated when the collateral we hold cannot be realized upon or is liquidated at prices not sufficient to recover the full amount of the credit exposure due to us. Any such losses could harm our financial condition, results of operations and prospects.

     Financial institutions in particular have been subject to increased volatility and an overall loss of investor confidence. Our ability to engage in routine funding transactions could be adversely affected by the actions and commercial soundness of other financial institutions. Financial services companies are interrelated as a result of trading, clearing, counterparty or other relationships. We have exposure to many different industries and counterparties. For example, we execute transactions with counterparties in the financial services industry, including brokers and dealers, commercial banks, investment banks and other institutional clients. As a result, defaults by, or even rumors or questions about, one or more financial services companies or the financial services industry generally, have led to market-wide liquidity problems and could lead to losses or defaults by us or by other institutions. Many of these transactions expose us to increased credit risk in the event of default of a counterparty or client.

     The short-term and long-term impact of the new Basel II capital standards and the forthcoming new capital rules to be proposed for non-Basel II U.S. banks is uncertain.

     On December 17, 2009, the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision, or the Basel Committee, proposed significant changes to bank capital and liquidity regulation, including revisions to the definitions of Tier 1 capital and Tier 2 capital applicable to the Basel Committee’s Revised Framework for the International Convergence of Capital Measurement and Capital Standards, or Basel II.

     The short-term and long-term impact of the new Basel II capital standards and the forthcoming new capital rules to be proposed for non-Basel II U.S. banks is uncertain. As a result of the recent deterioration in the global credit markets and the potential impact of increased liquidity risk and interest rate risk, it is unclear what the short-term impact of the implementation of Basel II may be or what impact a pending alternative standardized approach to Basel II option for non-Basel II U.S. banks may have on the cost and availability of different types of credit and the potential compliance costs of implementing the new capital standards.

     Our Bank’s ability to pay dividends to us is subject to regulatory limitations, which, to the extent we are not able to receive such dividends, may impair our ability to grow, pay dividends, cover operating expenses and meet debt service requirements.

     We are a legal entity separate and distinct from the Bank, our only bank subsidiary. Since we are a holding company with no significant assets other than the capital stock of our subsidiaries, we depend upon dividends from the Bank for a substantial part of our revenue. Accordingly, our ability to grow, pay dividends, cover operating expenses and meet debt service requirements depends primarily upon the receipt of dividends or other capital distributions from the Bank. The Bank’s ability to pay dividends to us is subject to, among other things, its earnings, financial condition and need for funds, as well as federal and state governmental policies and regulations applicable to us and the Bank, which limit the amount that may be paid as dividends without prior approval. For example, in general, the Bank is limited to paying dividends that do not exceed the current year net profits together with retained earnings from the two preceding calendar years unless the prior consents of the Montana and federal banking regulators are obtained.

     Furthermore, the terms of our Series A Preferred Stock, of which 5,000 shares were outstanding as of December 31, 2009, prohibit us from declaring or paying dividends or distributions on any class of our common stock, unless all accrued and unpaid dividends for the three prior consecutive dividend periods have been paid.

Risks Relating to Investments in Our Common Stock

     Our dividend policy may change.

     Although we have historically paid dividends to our shareholders, we have no obligation to continue doing so and may change our dividend policy at any time without notice to our shareholders. Also, our debt covenants limit the payment of dividends to our shareholders to a percentage of our consolidated net income for the immediately preceding fiscal year. Holders of our common stock are only entitled to receive such cash dividends as our board of directors may declare out of funds legally available for such payments. Furthermore, consistent with our strategic plans, growth initiatives, capital availability, projected liquidity needs and other factors, we have made and adopted and will continue to make and adopt, capital management decisions and policies that could adversely impact the amount of dividends paid to our shareholders.

     Our common stock is not publicly traded.

     Shares of our common stock are not publicly traded. Our common stock is not listed, quoted or traded on any securities exchange, market, bulletin board, quotation system or listing service. Because there is no established market for our common stock, there are limited opportunities for shareholders to resell their shares. In the event shareholders desire to sell or otherwise dispose of their shares, they may not be able to do so.

     Shares of our common stock are subject to contractual transfer restrictions.

     With respect to our outstanding common stock, approximately 92% of the shares are subject to contractual transfer restrictions set forth in shareholder agreements. Purchasers of our common stock are generally required to enter into shareholder agreements. We have a right of first refusal to repurchase the restricted stock at fair market value currently determined as the minority appraised value per share based upon the most recent quarterly appraisal. Additionally, restricted stock held by our officers, directors and employees may be called by us under certain conditions. All stock not subject to such restrictions may be sold at a price per share that is negotiated between the shareholder and a prospective buyer, which may vary substantially from our appraised minority value.

     Shares of our stock held by participants in the savings and profit sharing plan, or Savings Plan, established for our employees are not subject to contractual transfer restrictions set forth in shareholder agreements. Since the Savings Plan does not allow distributions “in kind,” distributions from participants’ Savings Plan accounts require the Bank, as trustee for the Savings Plan, to sell our stock. In the event we do not elect to purchase the unrestricted stock, the Bank will be obligated to seek alternative purchasers.

     We have no obligation to repurchase outstanding shares of common stock and we are subject to limitations on the amount of common stock we may repurchase.

     We have no obligation, by contract, policy or otherwise, to purchase restricted or unrestricted shares of our outstanding common stock held by shareholders. Our debt covenants limit the repurchase of common shares, net of proceeds from the sale of capital securities, to a percentage of our consolidated net worth as of the end of the immediately preceding fiscal year. These covenants, unless amended or waived, restrict us in the number of shares we may repurchase from existing shareholders, thereby limiting the future liquidity for such shares. Moreover, during any period in which we may be in default under such covenants, we will be precluded from repurchasing any shares. Furthermore, we have made and adopted, and will continue to make and adopt, capital management decisions and policies that could limit the repurchase of outstanding common stock held by shareholders given regulatory limitations, strategic plans, growth initiatives, capital availability, projected liquidity needs and other factors. We have announced we will only receive requests for the repurchase of common shares during a two-week window period commencing promptly after the quarterly announcement of the minority appraised value of our common stock and that the number of shares repurchased during any window period may be limited at the discretion of our board of directors. Any limitations on the number of shares repurchased could cause a decrease in the value of our stock.

     Shares we may repurchase will be priced at fair market value determined in good faith by our board of directors. The board of directors may, in their sole discretion, utilize an independent party to assist with the determination of fair value of the shares. Historically, shares repurchased have been priced at the most recent minority appraised value at the repurchase date. The appraised minority value of our common stock represents the estimated fair market valuation of a minority ownership interest, taking into account adjustments for the lack of marketability of the stock and other factors. This value does not represent an actual trading price between a willing buyer and seller of our shares in an informed, arm’s-length transaction. As such, the appraised minority value is only an estimate as of a specific date, and such appraisal may not be an indication of the actual value owners may realize with respect to shares they hold. Moreover, the estimated fair market value of our common stock may be materially different at any date other than the valuation dates.

     Members of the Scott family have voting control of our company and are able to determine virtually all matters submitted to shareholders, including potential change in control transactions.

     Members of the Scott family, who own approximately 78% of the outstanding shares of common stock, control approximately 80% of the voting power of our outstanding common stock. Accordingly, such holders are able to determine the outcome of virtually all matters submitted to shareholders for approval, including the election of directors, amendment of our articles of incorporation (except when a class vote is required by law), any merger or consolidation requiring common shareholder approval and the sale of all or substantially all of the company’s assets. Accordingly, such holders have the ability to prevent change in control transactions as long as they maintain voting control of the company. In addition, because these holders will have the ability to elect all of our directors they will be able to control our policies and operations, including the appointment of management, future issuances of our common stock or other securities, the payments of dividends on our common stock and entering into extraordinary transactions, and their interests may not in all cases be aligned with the interests of other shareholders. This concentrated control may negatively impact the value of our common stock.

     Future equity issuances could result in dilution, which could cause the value of our common stock to decline.

     We are not restricted from issuing additional common stock, including any securities that are convertible into or exchangeable for, or that represent the right to receive common stock. We may issue additional common stock in the future pursuant to current or future employee stock option plans or in connection with future acquisitions or financings. Should we choose to raise capital by selling shares of common stock for any reason, including in connection with the proposed initial public offering with respect to which a registration statement has been filed with the SEC, but not declared effective, the issuance would have a dilutive effect on the holders of our common stock and could have a material negative effect on the value of our existing shares of common stock.

     Our common stock is not an insured bank savings account or deposit.

     Our common stock is not a bank savings account or deposit and, therefore, is not insured against loss by the FDIC, any other deposit insurance fund or any other public or private entity. As a result, holders of our common stock could lose some or all of their investment.

     “Anti-takeover” provisions and the regulations to which we are subject also may make it more difficult for a third party to acquire control of us, even if the change in control would be beneficial to shareholders.

     We are a financial and bank holding company incorporated in the State of Montana. Anti-takeover provisions in Montana law and our articles of incorporation and bylaws, as well as regulatory approvals that would be required under federal law, could make it more difficult for a third party to acquire control of us and may prevent shareholders from receiving a premium for their shares of our common stock. These provisions could adversely affect the value of our common stock and could reduce the amount that shareholders might receive if we were to be sold.

     Our articles of incorporation provide that our board of directors may issue up to 95,000 additional shares of preferred stock, in one or more series, without shareholder approval and with such terms, conditions, rights, privileges and preferences as the board of directors may deem appropriate. In addition, our articles of incorporation provide for staggered terms for our board of directors and limitations on persons authorized to call a special meeting of shareholders. In addition, certain provisions of Montana law may have the effect of inhibiting a third party from making a proposal to acquire us or of impeding a change of control under circumstances that otherwise could provide the holders of our common stock with the opportunity to realize a premium for their shares.

     Further, the acquisition of specified amounts of our common stock (in some cases, the acquisition of more than 5% of our common stock) may require certain regulatory approvals, including the approval of the Federal Reserve and one or more of our state banking regulatory agencies. The filing of applications with these agencies and the accompanying review process can take several months. Additionally, as discussed above, the members of the Scott family have voting control of our company. This and the other factors described above may hinder or even prevent a change in control of us, even if a change in control would be beneficial to our shareholders.

     Our common stock is subordinate to our existing and future indebtedness and to our outstanding Series A Preferred Stock.

     Shares of our common stock and Series A Preferred Stock are equity interests and do not constitute indebtedness. As such, they rank junior to all our indebtedness, including our subordinated term loans, the subordinated debentures held by trusts that have issued trust preferred securities and other non-equity claims on us with respect to assets available to satisfy claims on us. Additionally, holders of our common stock are subject to the prior dividend and liquidation rights of any holders of our Series A Preferred Stock then outstanding.

     In the future, we may attempt to increase our capital resources or, if our Bank’s capital ratios fall below the required minimums, we or the Bank could be forced to raise additional capital by making additional offerings of debt or equity securities, including medium-term notes, trust preferred securities, senior or subordinated notes and preferred stock. Or, we may issue additional debt or equity securities as consideration for future mergers and acquisitions. Such additional debt and equity offerings may place restrictions on our ability to pay dividends on or repurchase our common stock, dilute the holdings of our existing shareholders or reduce the value of your common stock. Furthermore, acquisitions typically involve the payment of a premium over book and market values and therefore, some dilution of our tangible book value and net income per common stock may occur in connection with any future transaction. Holders of our outstanding capital stock are not entitled to preemptive rights or other protections against dilution.

Item 1B. Unresolved Staff Comments

     We are not an accelerated filer or a large accelerated filer, as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act, or a well-known seasoned issuer as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. We have not received any written comments from the SEC staff regarding our periodic or current reports filed under the Exchange Act.

Item 2. Properties

     Our principal executive offices and one of our banking offices are anchor tenants in an eighteen story commercial building located in Billings, Montana. The building is owned by a joint venture partnership in which the Bank is one of two partners, owning a 50% interest in the partnership. We lease approximately 96,532 square feet of office space in the building. We also own a 65,226 square foot building that houses our operations center in Billings, Montana. We provide banking services at 71 additional locations in Montana, Wyoming and western South Dakota, of which 18 properties are leased from independent third parties and 53 properties are owned by us. We believe each of our facilities is suitable and adequate to meet our current operational needs.

Item 3. Legal Proceedings

     In the normal course of business, we are named or threatened to be named as a defendant in various lawsuits. Management, following consultation with legal counsel, does not expect the ultimate disposition of one or a combination of these matters to have a material adverse effect on our business.

Item 4. Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders

     No matters were submitted to a vote of security holders during the fourth quarter of 2009.

PART II

Item 5. Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters
and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities

Description of Our Capital Stock

     Our authorized capital stock consists of 20,000,000 shares of common stock without par value, of which 7,837,397 shares were outstanding as of January 31, 2010, and 100,000 shares of preferred stock without par value, of which 5,000 shares have been designated as 6.75% Series A noncumulative redeemable preferred stock, or Series A Preferred Stock. As of January 31, 2010, all 5,000 shares of authorized Series A Preferred Stock were outstanding.

Preferred Stock

     Our board of directors is authorized, without approval of the holders of common stock, to provide for the issuance of preferred stock from time to time in one or more series in such number and with such designations, preferences, powers and other special rights as may be stated in the resolution or resolutions providing for such preferred stock. Our board of directors may cause us to issue preferred stock with voting, conversion and other rights that could adversely affect the holders of the common stock or make it more difficult to effect a change in control.

     In connection with the First Western acquisition in January 2008, our board of directors authorized the issuance of the Series A Preferred Stock, which ranks senior to our common stock and to all equity securities issued by us with respect to dividend and liquidation rights. The Series A Preferred Stock has no voting rights. Holders of the Series A Preferred Stock are entitled to receive, when and if declared by the board of directors, noncumulative cash dividends at an annual rate of $675 per share (based on a 360 day year). In the event dividends are not paid for three consecutive quarters, the Series A Preferred Stock holders are entitled to elect two members to our board of directors. The Series A Preferred Stock is subject to indemnification obligations and set-off rights pursuant to the purchase agreement entered into at the time of the First Western acquisition. We may, at our option, redeem all or any part of the outstanding Series A Preferred Stock at any time after January 10, 2013, subject to certain conditions, at a price of $10,000 per share plus accrued but unpaid dividends at the date fixed for redemption. The Series A Preferred Stock may be redeemed prior to January 10, 2013 only in the event we are entitled to exercise our set-off rights pursuant to the First Western purchase agreement. After January 10, 2018, the Series A Preferred Stock may be converted, at the option of the holder, into shares of our common stock at a ratio of 80 shares of common stock for every one share of Series A Preferred Stock. Prior to conversion of the Series A Preferred Stock, holders are required to enter into shareholder agreements that contain transfer restrictions with respect to the common stock.

Common Stock

     Each share of the common stock is entitled to one vote in the election of directors and in all other matters submitted to a vote of shareholders. Accordingly, holders of a majority of the shares of common stock entitled to vote in any election of directors may elect all of the directors standing for election if they choose to do so, subject to the rights, if any, of the holders of the preferred stock. Voting for directors is noncumulative.

     Subject to the preferential rights of the Series A Preferred Stock and any other preferred stock that may at the time be outstanding, each share of common stock has an equal and ratable right to receive dividends when, if and as declared by the board of directors out of assets legally available. In the event of our liquidation, dissolution or winding up, the holders of common stock will be entitled to share equally and ratably in the assets available for distribution after payments to creditors and to the holders of the Series A Preferred Stock and any other preferred stock that may at the time be outstanding. Holders of common stock have no conversion, preemptive or other rights to subscribe for any additional shares of common stock or for other securities. All outstanding common stock is fully paid and non-assessable.

     Our common stock is not actively traded, and there is no established trading market for the stock. There is only one class of common stock. As of January 31, 2010, 92% of our shares of common stock were subject to contractual transfer restrictions set forth in shareholder agreements and approximately 8% were held by 17 shareholders without such restrictions, including our 401(k) plan, or Savings Plan, which holds 76% of the unrestricted shares. See also Part I, Item 1, “Risk Factors – Risks Relating to Investments in Our Common Stock.”

     We are planning to convene a special meeting of shareholders in March 2010 to consider certain amendments to our existing restated articles of incorporation, including the recapitalization of our common stock. The proposed amendments would, among other things, (i) redesignate our existing common stock as Class B common stock, with five votes per share, which upon transfer, except for certain permitted transfers, would automatically convert into shares of Class A common stock; (ii) increase the number of authorized shares of Class B common stock to 100,000,000 shares; (iii) create a new class of common stock designated as Class A common stock, with one vote per share, consisting of 100,000,000 shares; and (iv) effect a forward stock split ranging from 3:1 to 5:1 shares of Class B common stock. Our Board of Directors has determined the amendments are necessary and appropriate in connection with our proposed initial public offering, which was announced on January 15, 2010.

     Minority appraisal values as of each calendar quarter end for the past two years, determined by an independent valuation expert, follow:

Valuation Based on						Appraised
Financial Data as of		Valuation Effective Date				Minority Value
December 31, 2007		February 15, 2008				$	83.50
March 31, 2008		May 15, 2008					84.75
June 30, 2008		August 13, 2008					77.00
September 30, 2008		November 14, 2008					79.75
December 31, 2008		March 2, 2009					74.50
March 31, 2009		May 15, 2009					61.00
June 30, 2009		August 17, 2009					60.00
September 30, 2009		November 16, 2009					61.50
December 31, 2009		February 5, 2010					60.00

     Resale of our common stock may be restricted pursuant to the Securities Act and applicable state securities laws. In addition, most shares of our common stock are subject to shareholder’s agreements:

	•		Members of the Scott family, as majority shareholders who own an aggregate of 6,103,238 shares, are subject to a shareholder’s agreement. Under this agreement, the Scott family has agreed to limit the transfer of shares owned by members of the Scott family to family members or charities, or with our approval, to our officers, directors, advisory directors or to our Savings Plan.
	•		Shareholders who are not Scott family members, with the exception of 17 shareholders who own an aggregate of 633,502 shares of unrestricted stock, are subject to shareholder’s agreements. Stock subject to these agreements may not be sold or transferred without triggering our option to acquire the stock in accordance with the terms of these agreements. In addition, the agreements grant us the right to repurchase all or some of the stock under certain conditions.

     Purchases of our common stock made through our Savings Plan are not restricted by shareholder agreements. Since the Savings Plan does not allow distributions “in kind,” however, any distribution from an employee’s account in the Savings Plan will require the Savings Plan administrator to authorize a sale of the stock.

     As of January 31, 2010, we had 757 record shareholders, including the Wealth Management division of First Interstate Bank as trustee for 481,110 shares held on behalf of 1,210 individual participants in the Savings Plan. Of such participants, 335 individuals also own shares of our stock outside of the Savings Plan. The Savings Plan Trustee votes the shares based on the instructions of each participant. In the event the participant does not provide the Savings Plan Trustee with instructions, the Savings Plan Trustee votes those shares in accordance with voting instructions received from a majority of the participants in the plan.

Dividends

     It is our policy to pay a dividend to all common shareholders quarterly. Dividends are declared and paid in the month following the calendar quarter. The board may change or eliminate the payment of future dividends.

     Recent quarterly dividends follow:

		Amount				Total Cash
Month Declared and Paid		Per Share				Dividends
January 2008		$	0.65			$	5,207,192
April 2008			0.65				5,124,399
July 2008			0.65				5,090,168
October 2008			0.65				5,157,034
January 2009			0.65				5,127,714
April 2009			0.45				3,522,836
July 2009			0.45				3,513,986
October 2009			0.45				3,528,996
January 2010			0.45				3,519,163

Dividend Restrictions

     For a description of restrictions on the payment of dividends, see Part I, Item 1, “Business – Regulation and Supervision – Restrictions on Transfers of Funds to Us and the Bank,” and “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations – Capital Resources and Liquidity Management” and “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Financial Condition—Long-Term Debt” included in Part II, Item 7 herein.

Sales of Unregistered Securities

     There were no issuances of unregistered securities during the fourth quarter of 2009.

Purchases of Equity Securities by the Issuer and Affiliated Purchasers

     The following table provides information with respect to purchases made by or on behalf of us or any “affiliated purchasers” (as defined in Rule 10b-18(a)(3) under the Exchange Act) of our common stock during the three months ended December 31, 2009.

Purchases of Equity Securities by Issuer

Total Number

Maximum Number

of Shares Purchased

of Shares That

Total Number

as Part of Publicly

May Yet Be

of Shares

Average Price

Announced

Purchased Under the

Period

Purchased (1)

Paid Per Share

Plans or Programs

Plans or Programs

October 2009

—

$

—

Not Applicable

Not Applicable

November 2009

—

—

Not Applicable

Not Applicable

December 2009

24,331

61.50

Not Applicable

Not Applicable

Total

24,331

$

61.50

Not Applicable

Not Applicable

Performance Graph

     The performance graph below compares the cumulative total shareholder return of our common stock with the cumulative total return on equity securities of companies included in the Nasdaq Composite Index and the Nasdaq Bank Index. The Nasdaq Bank Index is a comparative peer index comprised of financial companies, including banks, savings institutions and related holding companies that perform banking-related functions, listed on the Nasdaq Stock Market. The Nasdaq Composite Index is a comparative broad market index comprised of all domestic and international common stocks listed on the Nasdaq Stock Market. The graph assumes an investment of $100 on December 31, 2004 and reinvestment of dividends on the date of payment without commissions. The plot points on the graph were provided by SNL Financial LC, Charlottesville, VA.

Our common stock is not publicly traded, and there is no established trading market for our stock. The cumulative total shareholder return for our common stock is based on the minority appraised value of the common stock, which represents the estimated fair market valuation of a minority interest, taking into account adjustments for the lack of marketability and other factors, as of December 31^st of each year. The performance graph represents past performance, which may not be indicative of the future performance of our common stock.

		Period Ending
Index		12/31/04				12/31/05				12/31/06				12/31/07				12/31/08				12/31/09
First Interstate BancSystems, Inc.			100.00				115.99				149.94				145.47				134.00				111.30
NASDAQ Composite			100.00				101.37				111.03				121.92				72.49				104.31
NASDAQ Bank			100.00				95.67				106.20				82.76				62.96				51.31

Item 6. Selected Consolidated Financial Data

     The following selected consolidated financial data with respect to our consolidated financial position as of December 31, 2009 and 2008, and the results of our operations for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007, has been derived from our audited consolidated financial statements included in Part IV, Item 15. This data should be read in conjunction with Part II, Item 7, “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” and such consolidated financial statements, including the notes thereto. The selected consolidated financial data with respect to our consolidated financial position as of December 31, 2007, 2006 and 2005, and the results of our operations for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2006 and 2005, has been derived from our audited consolidated financial statements not included herein.

Five Year Summary

(Dollars in thousands except per share data)

As of or for the year ended December 31,		2009				2008				2007				2006				2005
Selected Balance Sheet Data:
Net loans		$	4,424,974			$	4,685,497			$	3,506,625			$	3,262,911			$	2,991,904
Investment securities			1,446,280				1,072,276				1,128,657				1,124,598				1,019,901
Total assets			7,137,653				6,628,347				5,216,797				4,974,134				4,562,313
Deposits			5,824,056				5,174,259				3,999,401				3,708,511				3,547,590
Securities sold under repurchase agreements			474,141				525,501				604,762				731,548				518,718
Long-term debt			73,353				84,148				5,145				21,601				54,654
Subordinated debentures held by subsidiary trusts			123,715				123,715				103,095				41,238				41,238
Preferred stockholders’ equity			50,000				50,000				—				—				—
Common stockholders’ equity			524,434				489,062				444,443				410,375				349,847
Selected Income Statement Data:
Interest income		$	328,034			$	355,919			$	325,557			$	293,423			$	233,857
Interest expense			84,898				120,542				125,954				105,960				63,549
Net interest income			243,136				235,377				199,603				187,463				170,308
Provision for loan losses			45,300				33,356				7,750				7,761				5,847
Net interest income after provision for loan losses			197,836				202,021				191,853				179,702				164,461
Non-interest income			100,690				128,597				92,367				102,181				70,651
Non-interest expense			217,710				222,541				178,786				164,775				151,087
Income before income taxes			80,816				108,077				105,434				117,108				84,025
Income tax expense			26,953				37,429				36,793				41,499				29,310
Net income			53,863				70,648				68,641				75,609				54,715
Preferred stock dividends			3,422				3,347				—				—				—
Net income available to common shareholders		$	50,441			$	67,301			$	68,641			$	75,609			$	54,715
Common Share Data:
Earnings per share:
Basic		$	6.44			$	8.55			$	8.45			$	9.32			$	6.84
Diluted			6.37				8.38				8.25				9.11				6.71
Dividends per share			2.00				2.60				2.97				2.27				1.88
Book value per share (1)			66.91				62.00				55.51				50.38				43.20
Tangible book value per share (2)			42.13				37.07				50.81				45.74				38.43
Weighted average shares outstanding:
Basic			7,833,917				7,871,034				8,126,804				8,112,610				8,001,682
Diluted			7,919,625				8,028,168				8,322,480				8,303,990				8,149,337

Five Year Summary (continued)

(Dollars in thousands except per share data)

As of or for the year ended December 31,		2009				2008				2007				2006				2005
Financial Ratios:
Return on average assets			0.79	%			1.12	%			1.37	%			1.60	%			1.26	%
Return on average common stockholders’ equity			9.96				14.73				16.14				20.38				16.79
Average stockholders’ equity to average assets			8.16				7.98				8.52				7.85				7.52
Yield on average earning assets			5.44				6.37				7.21				6.94				6.12
Cost of average interest bearing liabilities			1.63				2.50				3.43				3.05				1.99
Interest rate spread			3.81				3.87				3.78				3.89				4.13
Net interest margin (3)			4.05				4.25				4.46				4.47				4.48
Efficiency ratio (4)			63.32				61.14				61.23				56.89				62.70
Common stock dividend payout ratio (5)			31.06				30.41				35.15				24.36				27.49
Loan to deposit ratio			77.75				92.24				88.99				89.26				85.53
Asset Quality Ratios
Non-performing loans to total loans (6)			2.75	%			1.90	%			0.98	%			0.53	%			0.63	%
Non-performing assets to total loans and other real estate owned (OREO) (7)			3.57				2.03				1.00				0.55				0.67
Non-performing assets to total assets			2.28				1.46				0.68				0.36				0.45
Allowance for loan losses to total loans			2.28				1.83				1.47				1.43				1.40
Allowance for loan losses to non-performing loans			82.64				96.03				150.66				269.72				220.73
Net charge-offs to average loans			0.63				0.28				0.08				0.09				0.19
Capital Ratios:
Tangible common equity to tangible assets (8)			4.79	%			4.58	%			7.85	%			7.55	%			6.88	%
Tier 1 common capital to total risk weighted assets (9)			6.43				5.35				9.95				9.68				8.94
Leverage ratio			7.30				7.13				9.92				8.61				7.91
Tier 1 risk-based capital			9.74				8.57				12.39				10.71				10.07
Total risk-based capital			11.68				10.49				13.64				11.93				11.27

Non-GAAP Financial Measures

     In addition to results presented in accordance with generally accepted accounting principals in the United States of America, or GAAP, this annual report contains the following non-GAAP financial measures that management uses to evaluate our capital adequacy: tangible book value per share and tangible common equity to tangible assets. Tangible book value per share is calculated as tangible common stockholders’ equity divided by common shares outstanding. Tangible assets is calculated as total assets less goodwill and other intangible assets (excluding mortgage servicing assets). Tangible common equity to tangible assets is calculated as tangible common stockholders’ equity divided by tangible assets. These non-GAAP financial measures may not be comparable to similarly titled measures reported by other companies because other companies may not calculate these non-GAAP measures in the same manner. They also should not be considered in isolation or as a substitute for measures prepared in accordance with GAAP.

     The following table shows a reconciliation from ending stockholders’ equity (GAAP) to ending tangible common stockholders’ equity (non-GAAP) and ending assets (GAAP) to ending tangible assets (non-GAAP), their most directly comparable GAAP financial measures, in each instance as of the periods presented.

Five Year Summary

 

(Dollars in thousands except per share data)

As of December 31,		2009				2008				2007				2006				2005
Preferred stockholders’ equity		$	50,000			$	50,000			$	—			$	—			$	—
Common stockholders’ equity			524,434				489,062				444,443				410,375				349,847
Total stockholders’ equity			574,434				539,062				444,443				410,375				349,847
Less goodwill and other intangible assets			194,273				196,667				37,637				37,812				38,595
Less preferred stock			50,000				50,000				—				—				—
Tangible common stockholders’ equity		$	330,161			$	292,395			$	406,806			$	372,563			$	311,252
Number of common shares outstanding			7,837,397				7,887,519				8,006,041				8,144,788				8,098,933
Book value per common share		$	66.91			$	62.00			$	55.51			$	50.38			$	43.20
Tangible book value per common share			42.13				37.07				50.81				45.74				38.43
Total assets		$	7,137,653			$	6,628,347			$	5,216,797			$	4,974,134			$	4,562,313
Less goodwill and other intangible assets			194,273				196,667				37,637				37,812				38,595
Tangible assets		$	6,943,380			$	6,431,680			$	5,179,160			$	4,936,322			$	4,523,718
Tangible common stockholders’ equity to tangible assets			4.76	%			4.55	%			7.85	%			7.55	%			6.88	%

Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements and Factors that Could Affect Future Results

     This report contains “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Rule 175 promulgated thereunder, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and Rule 3b-6 promulgated thereunder, that involve inherent risks and uncertainties. Any statements about our plans, objectives, expectations, strategies, beliefs, or future performance or events constitute forward-looking statements. Such statements are identified as those that include words or phrases such as “believes,” “expects,” “anticipates,” “plans,” “trend,” “objective,” “continue” or similar expressions or future or conditional verbs such as “will,” “would,” “should,” “could,” “might,” “may” or similar expressions.

     Forward-looking statements involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties, assumptions, estimates and other important factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from any results, performance or events expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements. All forward-looking statements are qualified in their entirety by reference to the factors discussed in this report including, among others, the following risk factors discussed more fully in Part I, Item 1A hereof:

•

credit losses;

•

concentrations of real estate loans;

•

economic and market developments, including inflation;

•

commercial loan risk;

•

adequacy of our allowance for loan losses;

•

impairment of goodwill;

•

changes in interest rates;

•

access to low-cost funding sources;

•

increases in deposit insurance premiums;

•

inability to grow our business;

•

adverse economic conditions affecting Montana, Wyoming and western South Dakota;

•

governmental regulation and changes in regulatory, tax and accounting rules and interpretations;

•

changes in or noncompliance with governmental regulations;

•

effects of recent legislative and regulatory efforts to stabilize financial markets;

•

dependence on our management team;

•

ability to attract and retain qualified employees;

•

failure of technology;

•

disruption of vital infrastructure and other business interruptions;

•

illiquidity in the credit markets;

•

inability to meet liquidity requirements;

•

lack of acquisition candidates;

•

failure to manage growth;

•

competition;

•

inability to manage risks in turbulent and dynamic market conditions;

•

ineffective internal operational controls;

•

environmental remediation and other costs;

•

failure to effectively implement technology-driven products and services;

•

litigation pertaining to fiduciary responsibilities;

•

capital required to support our Bank subsidiary;

•

failure to meet our debt covenants;

•

soundness of other financial institutions;

•

impact of Basel II capital standards;

•

inability of our Bank subsidiary to pay dividends;

•

change in dividend policy;

•

lack of public market for our common stock;

•

transfer restrictions on our common stock;

•

limitations on stock repurchases

•

voting control;

•

dilution as a result of future equity issuances;

•

anti-takeover provisions; and

•

subordination of common stock to company debt and preferred stock.

     These factors are not necessarily all of the factors that could cause our actual results, performance or achievements to differ materially from those expressed in or implied by any of our forward-looking statements. Other unknown or unpredictable factors also could harm our results.

     All forward-looking statements attributable to us or persons acting on our behalf are expressly qualified in their entirety by the cautionary statements set forth above. Forward-looking statements speak only as of the date they are made and we do not undertake or assume any obligation to update publicly any of these statements to reflect actual results, new information or future events, changes in assumptions or changes in other factors affecting forward-looking statements, except to the extent required by applicable laws. If we update one or more forward-looking statements, no inference should be drawn that we will make additional updates with respect to those or other forward-looking statements.

Executive Overview

     We are a financial and bank holding company headquartered in Billings, Montana. As of December 31, 2009, we had consolidated assets of $7.1 billion, deposits of $5.8 billion, loans of $4.5 billion and total stockholders’ equity of $574 million. We currently operate 72 banking offices in 42 communities located in Montana, Wyoming and western South Dakota. Through the Bank, we deliver a comprehensive range of banking products and services to individuals, businesses, municipalities and other entities throughout our market areas. Our customers participate in a wide variety of industries, including energy, healthcare and professional services, education and governmental services, construction, mining, agriculture, retail and wholesale trade and tourism.

     Our principal business activity is lending to and accepting deposits from individuals, businesses, municipalities and other entities. We derive our income principally from interest charged on loans and, to a lesser extent, from interest and dividends earned on investments. We also derive income from non-interest sources such as fees received in connection with various lending and deposit services; trust, employee benefit, investment and insurance services; mortgage loan originations, sales and servicing; merchant and electronic banking services; and from time to time, gains on sales of assets. Our principal expenses include interest expense on deposits and borrowings, operating expenses, provisions for loan losses and income tax expense.

     Our loan portfolio consists of a mix of real estate, consumer, commercial, agricultural and other loans, including fixed and variable rate loans. Our real estate loans comprise commercial real estate, construction (including residential, commercial and land development loans), residential, agricultural and other real estate loans. Fluctuations in the loan portfolio are directly related to the economies of the communities we serve. While each loan originated generally must meet minimum underwriting standards established in our credit policies, lending officers are granted discretion within pre-approved limits in approving and pricing loans to assure that the banking offices are responsive to competitive issues and community needs in each market area. We fund our loan portfolio primarily with the core deposits from our customers, generally without utilizing brokered deposits and with minimal reliance on wholesale funding sources.

     In furtherance of our strategy to maintain and enhance our long-term performance while we continue to grow and expand our business, we completed two strategic transactions in 2008. In January 2008 we completed the First Western acquisition, which comprised the purchase of two banks (First Western Bank in Wall, South Dakota and The First Western Bank Sturgis in Sturgis, South Dakota) and a data center located in western South Dakota with combined total assets as of the acquisition date of approximately $913 million. Because the results of First Western Bank are not included in our results for the periods prior to the date of acquisition, our results and other financial data for such prior periods may not be comparable in all respects to our results for periods after the date of acquisition. On December 31, 2008, we completed the disposition of i_Tech, our technology services subsidiary, to a national technology services provider. The disposition eliminated our technology services operating segment, enabling us to focus on our core business and only remaining segment, community banking. Because the operating results attributable to our former technology services operating segment are not included in our operating results for periods subsequent to the date of disposition, our results for periods prior to the date of that transaction may not be comparable in all respects. See “Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements –Summary of Significant Accounting Policies” and “Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements–Acquisitions and Dispositions” included in Part IV, Item 15 of this report.

Primary Factors Used in Evaluating Our Business

     As a banking institution, we manage and evaluate various aspects of both our financial condition and our results of operations. We monitor our financial condition and performance on a monthly basis, at our holding company, at the Bank and at each banking office. We evaluate the levels and trends of the line items included in our balance sheet and statements of income, as well as various financial ratios that are commonly used in our industry. We analyze these ratios and financial trends against both our own historical levels and the financial condition and performance of comparable banking institutions in our region and nationally.

     Results of Operations

     Principal factors used in managing and evaluating our results of operations include return on average assets, net interest income, non-interest income, non-interest expense and net income. Net interest income is affected by the level of interest rates, changes in interest rates and changes in the composition of interest earning assets and interest bearing liabilities. The most significant impact on our net interest income between periods is derived from the interaction of changes in the rates earned or paid on interest earning assets and interest bearing liabilities, which we refer to as interest rate spread. The volume of loans, investment securities and other interest earning assets, compared to the volume of interest bearing deposits and indebtedness, combined with the interest rate spread, produces changes in our net interest income between periods. Non-interest bearing sources of funds, such as demand deposits and stockholders’ equity, also support earning assets. The impact of free funding sources is captured in the net interest margin, which is calculated as net interest income divided by average earning assets. Given the interest free nature of free funding sources, the net interest margin is generally higher than the interest rate spread. We seek to increase our net interest income over time, and we evaluate our net interest income on factors that include the yields on our loans and other earning assets, the costs of our deposits and other funding sources, the levels of our net interest spread and net interest margin and the provisions for loan losses required to maintain our allowance for loan losses at an adequate level.

     We seek to increase our non-interest income over time, and we evaluate our non-interest income relative to the trends of the individual types of non-interest income in view of prevailing market conditions.

     We seek to manage our non-interest expenses in consideration of the growth of our business and our community banking model that emphasizes customer service and responsiveness. We evaluate our non-interest expense on factors that include our non-interest expense relative to our average assets, our efficiency ratio and the trends of the individual categories of non-interest expense.

     Finally, we seek to increase our net income and provide favorable shareholder returns over time, and we evaluate our net income relative to the performance of other banks and bank holding companies on factors that include return on average assets, return on average equity, and consistency and rates of growth in our earnings.

     Financial Condition

     Principal areas of focus in managing and evaluating our financial condition include liquidity, the diversification and quality of our loans, the adequacy of our allowance for loan losses, the diversification and terms of our deposits and other funding sources, the re-pricing characteristics and maturities of our assets and liabilities, including potential interest rate exposure and the adequacy of our capital levels. We seek to maintain sufficient levels of cash and investment securities to meet potential payment and funding obligations, and we evaluate our liquidity on factors that include the levels of cash and highly liquid assets relative to our liabilities, the quality and maturities of our investment securities, our ratio of loans to deposits and our reliance on brokered certificates of deposit or other wholesale funding sources.

     We seek to maintain a diverse and high quality loan portfolio, and we evaluate our asset quality on factors that include the allocation of our loans among loan types, credit exposure to any single borrower or industry type, non-performing assets as a percentage of total loans and OREO, and loan charge-offs as a percentage of average loans. We seek to maintain our allowance for loan losses at a level adequate to absorb potential losses inherent in our loan portfolio at each balance sheet date, and we evaluate the level of our allowance for loan losses relative to our overall loan portfolio and the level of non-performing loans and potential charge-offs.

     We seek to fund our assets primarily using core customer deposits spread among various deposit categories, and we evaluate our deposit and funding mix on factors that include the allocation of our deposits among deposit types, the level of our non-interest bearing deposits, the ratio of our core deposits (i.e. excluding time deposits above $100,000) to our total deposits and our reliance on brokered deposits or other wholesale funding sources, such as borrowings from other banks or agencies. We seek to manage the mix, maturities and re-pricing characteristics of our assets and liabilities to maintain relative stability of our net interest rate margin in a changing interest rate environment, and we evaluate our asset-liability management using complex models to evaluate the changes to our net interest income under different interest rate scenarios.

     Finally, we seek to maintain adequate capital levels to absorb unforeseen operating losses and to help support the growth of our balance sheet. We evaluate our capital adequacy using the regulatory and financial capital ratios including leverage capital ratio, tier 1 risk-based capital ratio, total risk-based capital ratio, tangible common equity to tangible assets and tier 1 common capital to total risk-weighted assets.

     Trends and Developments

     Our success is highly dependent on economic conditions and market interest rates. Because we operate in Montana, Wyoming and western South Dakota, the local economic conditions in each of these areas are particularly important. Our local economies have not been impacted as severely by the national economic and real estate downturn, sub-prime mortgage crisis and ongoing financial market turmoil as many areas of the United States. Although the continuing impact of the national recession and financial market turmoil is uncertain, these factors affect our business and could have a material negative effect on our cash flows, results of operations, financial condition and prospects.

     FDIC Insurance Premiums

     The FDIC made several adjustments to the assessment rate during 2009 including a special assessment permitted under statutory authority granted in 2008. The assessment schedule published as of April 1, 2009 and effective for assessments on and after September 30, 2009 provides for assessment ranges, based upon risk assessment of each insured depository institution, of between 7 and 77.5 cents per $100 of domestic deposits. We are currently in Risk Category 1, the lowest risk category, which provides for a base assessment range of 7 to 24 cents per $100 of domestic deposits. The special assessment was applicable to all insured depository institutions and totaled 5 basis points of each institution’s total assets less tier 1 capital as of June 30, 2009, not to exceed 10 basis points of domestic deposits.

     On November 21, 2008, the FDIC adopted a final rule relating to the TLG Program. Under the TLG Program, the FDIC will (1) guarantee, through the earlier of maturity or June 30, 2012, certain newly issued senior unsecured debt issued by participating institutions on or after October 14, 2008 and before June 30, 2009 and (2) provide full FDIC deposit insurance coverage for non-interest bearing transaction deposit accounts, NOW accounts paying 0.5% or less interest per annum and IOLTA held at participating FDIC-insured institutions through June 30, 2010. On March 17, 2009, the FDIC extended the debt guarantee program through October 31, 2009. We elected to participate in the deposit insurance coverage guarantee program. We have elected not to participate in the unsecured debt guarantee program because more cost-effective liquidity sources are available to us. Coverage under the TLG Program was available for the first 30 days without charge. The fee assessment for deposit insurance coverage is 10 basis points per annum on amounts in covered accounts exceeding $250,000.

     All FDIC-insured institutions are required to pay assessments to the FDIC to fund interest payments on bonds issued by FICO, an agency of the Federal government established to recapitalize the predecessor to the DIF. The FICO assessment rates, which are determined quarterly, averaged 0.01% of insured deposits in fiscal 2009. These assessments will continue until the FICO bonds mature in 2017.

     On November 17, 2009, the FDIC imposed a prepayment requirement on most insured depository organizations, requiring that the organizations prepay estimated quarterly risk-based assessments for the fourth quarter of 2009 and for each calendar quarter for calendar years 2010, 2011 and 2012. We made our prepayment on December 31, 2009 in the total amount of $32 million, which is included in other assets in the accompanying consolidated balance sheet for December 31, 2009. The actual assessments becoming due from the Bank on the last day of each calendar quarter will be applied against the prepaid amount until the prepayment amount is exhausted. If the prepayment amount is not exhausted before June 30, 2013 any remaining balance will be returned to the Bank. The prepayment amount does not bear interest.

     Dividend Policy and Capital Resources

     In response to the current recession and uncertain market conditions, we implemented changes to our capital management practices to conserve capital. Beginning with second quarter 2009, we paid quarterly dividends of $0.45 per common share, a decrease of $0.20 per common share from quarterly dividends paid during 2008 and first quarter 2009. In addition, during 2009, we limited repurchases of common stock outside of our 401(k) retirement plan. During 2009, we repurchased 160,688 shares of common stock with an aggregate value of $11 million compared to repurchases of the 333,393 shares of common stock with an aggregate value of $28 million during 2008. We intend to continue to limit repurchases of common stock in 2010.

     During second quarter 2009, we received notification that our application for participation in the TARP Capital Purchase Program was approved though we elected not to participate in this program.

     On January 15, 2010, we filed a registration statement with the SEC for a proposed initial public offering of shares of our Class A common stock. The offering is expected to consist of shares of Class A common stock to be sold by us and may include shares of Class A common stock to be sold by certain existing shareholders. The consummation of the proposed offering is subject to market conditions and other factors.

     Asset Quality

     Difficult economic conditions continue to have a negative impact on businesses and consumers in our market areas. General declines in the real estate and housing markets resulted in significant deterioration in the credit quality of our loan portfolio, which is reflected by increases in non-performing and internally risk classified loans. Our non-performing assets increased to $163 million, or 3.57% of total loans and OREO, as of December 31, 2009, from $97 million, or 2.03% of total loans and OREO, as of December 31, 2008. Loan charge-offs, net of recoveries, totaled $30 million during 2009, as compared to $13 million during 2008, with all major loan categories reflecting increases. Based on our assessment of the adequacy of our allowance for loan losses, we recorded provisions for loan losses of $45.3 million during 2009, compared to $33.4 million during 2008. Increased provisions for loan losses reflect our estimation of the effect of current economic conditions on our loan portfolio. Given the current economic conditions and trends, management believes we will continue to experience higher levels of non-performing loans in the near-term, which will likely have an adverse impact on our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects.

     Net OREO expense was $6.4 million in 2009 compared to $215,000 in 2008. The increase in net OREO expense was primarily related to one real estate development property written down by $4.3 million during third quarter 2009 due to a decline in the estimated market value of the property.

     Goodwill

     During third quarter 2009, we conducted our annual testing of goodwill for impairment and determined that goodwill was not impaired as of July 1, 2009. If goodwill were to become impaired in future periods, we would be required to record a noncash downward adjustment to income, which would result in a corresponding decrease to our stated book value that could under certain circumstances render our Bank unable to pay dividends to us, thereby reducing our cash flow, creating liquidity issues and negatively impacting our ability to pay dividends to our shareholders. Conversely, any such goodwill impairment charge could enable us to record an offsetting favorable tax deduction in the year of the impairment, which would result in a corresponding increase to our tangible book value and benefit to our regulatory capital ratios. Goodwill as of December 31, 2009 was $184 million. Approximately $159 million of our goodwill is deductible for tax purposes, of which $41 million has been recognized for tax purposes through December 31, 2009, resulting in a deferred tax liability of $16 million.

     Mortgage Servicing Rights

     Mortgage servicing rights are evaluated quarterly for impairment. Impairment adjustments, if any, are recorded through a valuation allowance. In an effort to reduce our exposure to earning charges or credits resulting from volatility in the fair value of our mortgage servicing rights, we sold mortgage servicing rights with a carrying value of $3 million to a secondary market investor during fourth quarter 2009 at a loss of approximately $48,000. In conjunction with the sale, we entered into a sub-servicing agreement with the purchaser whereby we will continue to service the loans for a fee. Management will continue to evaluate opportunities for additional sales of mortgage servicing rights in the future.

     Critical Accounting Estimates and Significant Accounting Policies

     Our consolidated financial statements are prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States and follow general practices within the industries in which we operate. Application of these principles requires management to make estimates, assumptions and judgments that affect the amounts reported in the consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. Our significant accounting policies are summarized in “Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements—Summary of Significant Accounting Policies” included in financial statements included Part IV, Item 15 of this report.

     Our critical accounting estimates are summarized below. Management considers an accounting estimate to be critical if: (1) the accounting estimate requires management to make particularly difficult, subjective and/or complex judgments about matters that are inherently uncertain and (2) changes in the estimate that are reasonably likely to occur from period to period, or the use of different estimates that management could have reasonably used in the current period, would have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements, results of operations or liquidity.

     Allowance for Loan Losses

     The allowance for loan losses represents management’s estimate of probable credit losses inherent in the loan portfolio. Determining the amount of the allowance for loan losses is considered a critical accounting estimate because it requires significant judgment and the use of subjective measurements, including management’s assessment of the internal risk classifications of loans, changes in the nature of the loan portfolio, industry concentrations and the impact of current local, regional and national economic factors on the quality of the loan portfolio. Changes in these estimates and assumptions are reasonably possible and may have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements, liquidity or results of operations. The allowance for loan losses is maintained at an amount we believe is sufficient to provide for estimated losses inherent in our loan portfolio at each balance sheet date. Management continuously monitors qualitative and quantitative trends in the loan portfolio, including changes in the levels of past due, internally classified and non-performing loans. See “Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements – Summary of Significant Accounting Policies” for a description of the methodology used to determine the allowance for loan losses. A discussion of the factors driving changes in the amount of the allowance for loan losses is included herein under the heading “—Financial Condition—Allowance for Loan Losses.” See also Part I, Item 1A, “Risk Factors—Risks Relating to the Market and Our Business.”

     Goodwill

     The excess purchase price over the fair value of net assets from acquisitions, or goodwill, is evaluated for impairment at least annually and on an interim basis if an event or circumstance indicates that it is likely an impairment has occurred. In testing for impairment, the fair value of net assets is estimated based on an analysis of market-based trading and transaction multiples of selected profitable banks in the western and mid-western regions of the United States and, if required, the estimated fair value is allocated to our assets and liabilities. Determining the fair value of goodwill is considered a critical accounting estimate because of its sensitivity to market-based trading and transaction multiples. In addition, any allocation of the fair value of goodwill to assets and liabilities requires significant management judgment and the use of subjective measurements. Variability in the market and changes in assumptions or subjective measurements used to allocate fair value are reasonably possible and may have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements, liquidity or results of operations. For additional information regarding goodwill, see “Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements—Summary of Significant Accounting Policies,” included in Part IV, Item 15 of this report. See also Part I, Item 1A, “Risk Factors—Risks Relating to the Market and Our Business.”

     Valuation of Mortgage Servicing Rights

     We recognize as assets the rights to service mortgage loans for others, whether acquired or internally originated. Mortgage servicing rights are initially recorded at fair value and are amortized in proportion to and over the period of estimated servicing income. Mortgage servicing rights are carried on the consolidated balance sheet at the lower of amortized cost or fair value. We utilize the expertise of a third-party consultant to estimate the fair value of our mortgage servicing rights quarterly. In evaluating the mortgage servicing rights, the consultant uses discounted cash flow modeling techniques, which require estimates regarding the amount and timing of expected future cash flows, including assumptions about loan repayment rates, costs to service, as well as interest rate assumptions that contemplate the risk involved. Management believes the valuation techniques and assumptions used by the consultant are reasonable.

     Determining the fair value of mortgage servicing rights is considered a critical accounting estimate because of the assets’ sensitivity to changes in estimates and assumptions used, particularly loan prepayment speeds and discount rates. Changes in these estimates and assumptions are reasonably possible and may have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements, liquidity or results of operations. As of December 31, 2009, the consultant’s valuation model indicated that an immediate 25 basis point decrease in mortgage interest rates would result in a reduction in fair value of mortgage servicing rights of $5 million and an immediate 50 basis point reduction in mortgage interest rates would result in a reduction in fair value of $9 million. For additional information regarding the methodology we use to determine fair value of mortgage servicing rights, see “Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements—Summary of Significant Accounting Policies” and “Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements—Mortgage Servicing Rights,” included in Part IV, Item 15 of this report. See also Part I, Item 1A, “Risk Factors—Risks Relating to the Market and Our Business.”

     Other Real Estate Owned

     Real estate acquired in satisfaction of loans is initially carried at current fair value less estimated selling costs. The value of the underlying loan is written down to the fair value of the real estate acquired by charge to the allowance for loan losses, if necessary, at or within 90 days of foreclosure. Subsequent declines in fair value less estimated selling costs are included in OREO expense. Subsequent increases in fair value less estimated selling costs are recorded as a reduction in OREO expense to the extent of recognized losses. Carrying costs, operating expenses, net of related income, and gains or losses on sales are included in OREO expense. For additional information regarding OREO, see “Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements—Summary of Significant Accounting Policies” and “Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements—Other Real Estate Owned,” included in Part IV, Item 15 of this report.

Results of Operations

     The following discussion of our results of operations compares the years ended December 31, 2009 to December 31, 2008 and the years ended December 31, 2008 to December 31, 2007.

Net Interest Income

     Net interest income, the largest source of our operating income, is derived from interest, dividends and fees received on interest earning assets, less interest expense incurred on interest bearing liabilities. Interest earning assets primarily include loans and investment securities. Interest bearing liabilities include deposits and various forms of indebtedness. Net interest income is affected by the level of interest rates, changes in interest rates and changes in the composition of interest earning assets and interest bearing liabilities.

     The most significant impact on our net interest income between periods is derived from the interaction of changes in the volume of and rates earned or paid on interest earning assets and interest bearing liabilities. The volume of loans, investment securities and other interest earning assets, compared to the volume of interest bearing deposits and indebtedness, combined with the interest rate spread, produces changes in the net interest income between periods.

     The following table presents, for the periods indicated, condensed average balance sheet information, together with interest income and yields earned on average interest earning assets and interest expense and rates paid on average interest bearing liabilities.

Average Balance Sheets, Yields and Rates
(Dollars in thousands)

		Year Ended December 31,
		2009												2008												2007
		Average								Average				Average								Average				Average								Average
		Balance				Interest				Rate				Balance				Interest				Rate				Balance				Interest				Rate
Interest earning assets:
Loans (1)(2)		$	4,660,189			$	281,799				6.05	%		$	4,527,987			$	306,976				6.78	%		$	3,449,809			$	274,020				7.94	%
U.S. government agency and mortgage-backed securities			1,016,632				41,887				4.12				923,912				43,336				4.69				892,850				42,650				4.78
Federal funds sold			105,423				253				0.24				55,205				1,080				1.96				87,460				4,422				5.06
Other securities			1,556				50				3.21				5,020				214				4.26				857				3				0.35
Tax exempt securities (2)			134,373				8,398				6.25				147,812				9,382				6.35				111,732				7,216				6.46
Interest bearing deposits in banks			199,316				520				0.26				5,946				191				3.21				26,165				1,307				5.00
Total interest earnings assets			6,117,489				332,907				5.44				5,665,882				361,179				6.37				4,568,873				329,618				7.21
Non-earning assets			687,110												667,206												423,893
Total assets		$	6,804,599											$	6,333,088											$	4,992,766
Interest bearing liabilities:
Demand deposits		$	1,083,054			$	4,068				0.38	%		$	1,120,807			$	12,966				1.16	%		$	1,004,019			$	23,631				2.35	%
Savings deposits			1,321,625				10,033				0.76				1,144,553				18,454				1.61				940,521				24,103				2.56
Time deposits			2,129,313				59,125				2.78				1,688,859				65,443				3.87				1,105,959				51,815				4.69
Repurchase agreements			422,713				776				0.18				537,267				7,694				1.43				558,469				21,212				3.80
Borrowings (3)			56,817				1,367				2.41				126,690				3,130				2.47				8,515				428				5.03
Long-term debt			79,812				3,249				4.07				86,909				4,578				5.27				9,230				467				5.06
Subordinated debentures held by by subsidiary trusts			123,715				6,280				5.08				123,327				8,277				6.71				47,099				4,298				9.13
Total interest bearing liabilities			5,217,049				84,898				1.63				4,828,412				120,542				2.50				3,673,812				125,954				3.43
Non-interest bearing deposits			965,226												940,968												842,239
Other non-interest bearing liabilities			67,061												58,173												51,529
Stockholders’ equity			555,263												505,535												425,186
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity		$	6,804,599											$	6,333,088											$	4,992,766
Net FTE interest income						$	248,009											$	240,637											$	203,664
Less FTE adjustments (2)							(4,873	)											(5,260	)											(4,061	)
Net interest income from consoli- dated statements of income						$	243,136											$	235,377											$	199,603
Interest rate spread											3.81	%											3.87	%											3.78	%
Net FTE interest margin (4)											4.05	%											4.25	%											4.46	%

     Market interest rates, which declined steadily in 2008 and have remained at low levels during 2009, reduced our yield on interest earning assets and our cost of funds. Our net interest income, on a FTE basis, increased $7.4 million, or 3.1%, to $248.0 million in 2009, compared to $240.6 million in 2008.

     Despite growth in net FTE interest income, we experienced lower interest rate spreads and compression of our net FTE interest margin in 2009, as compared to 2008. Our net FTE interest margin decreased 20 basis points to 4.05% in 2009, compared to 4.25% in 2008. Our focus on balancing growth to improve liquidity combined with weak loan demand during 2009 resulted in higher federal funds sold balances, which produce lower yields than other interest earnings assets. In addition, interest-free and low cost funding sources, such as demand deposits, federal funds purchased and short-term borrowings comprised a smaller percentage of our total funding base, which further compressed our net FTE interest margin.

     Net FTE interest income increased $37.0 million, or 18.2%, to $240.6 million in 2008, from $203.7 million in 2007, due largely to the net interest income of the acquired First Western entities. Average earning assets grew 24.0% in 2008, with approximately 78.0% of this growth attributable to the acquired First Western entities. Despite growth in earning assets and an increase in the interest rate spread, our net FTE interest margin decreased 21 basis points to 4.25% in 2008, as compared to 4.46% for 2007, largely due to the First Western acquisition. In conjunction with the acquisition, we incurred indebtedness to acquire non-earning assets, including goodwill, core deposit intangibles and premises and equipment. In addition, interest free funding sources, including non-interest bearing deposits and common equity, comprised a smaller percentage of our funding base during 2008 as compared to 2007. During fourth quarter 2008, the federal funds rate fell 125 to 150 basis points, with the last decrease taking the rate to between 0 and 25 basis points, further compressing our net FTE interest margin ratio during fourth quarter 2008.

     The table below sets forth, for the periods indicated, a summary of the changes in interest income and interest expense resulting from estimated changes in average asset and liability balances (volume) and estimated changes in average interest rates (rate). Changes which are not due solely to volume or rate have been allocated to these categories based on the respective percent changes in average volume and average rate as they compare to each other.

Analysis of Interest Changes Due To Volume and Rates
(Dollars in thousands)

		Year Ended December 31, 2009												Year Ended December 31, 2008												Year Ended December 31, 2007
		compared with												compared with												compared with
		December 31, 2008												December 31, 2007												December 31, 2006
		Volume				Rate				Net				Volume				Rate				Net				Volume				Rate				Net
Interest earning assets:
Loans (1)		$	8,963			$	(34,140	)		$	(25,177	)		$	85,640			$	(52,684	)		$	32,956			$	18,599			$	8,560			$	27,159
U.S. government agency and mortgage-backed securities			4,349				(5,798	)			(1,449	)			1,484				(798	)			686				(1,029	)			2,694				1,665
Federal funds sold			982				(1,809	)			(827	)			(1,631	)			(1,711	)			(3,342	)			2,196				30				2,226
Other securities			(148	)			(16	)			(164	)			15				196				211				(1	)			(2	)			(3	)
Tax exempt securities (1)			(853	)			(131	)			(984	)			2,330				(164	)			2,166				424				(40	)			384
Interest bearing deposits											—												—
in banks			6,212				(5,883	)			329				(1,010	)			(106	)			(1,116	)			790				157				947
Total change			19,505				(47,777	)			(28,272	)			86,828				(55,267	)			31,561				20,979				11,399				32,378
Interest bearing liabilities:
Demand deposits			(437	)			(8,461	)			(8,898	)			2,749				(13,414	)			(10,665	)			2,852				4,927				7,779
Savings deposits			2,855				(11,276	)			(8,421	)			5,229				(10,878	)			(5,649	)			1,947				4,732				6,679
Time deposits			17,068				(23,386	)			(6,318	)			27,309				(13,681	)			13,628				3,764				8,060				11,824
Repurchase agreements			(1,640	)			(5,278	)			(6,918	)			(805	)			(12,713	)			(13,518	)			(3,175	)			(891	)			(4,066	)
Borrowings (2)			(1,726	)			(37	)			(1,763	)			5,940				(3,238	)			2,702				(1,913	)			(17	)			(1,930	)
Long-term debt			(374	)			(955	)			(1,329	)			3,930				181				4,111				(1,215	)			106				(1,109	)
Subordinated debentures held by subsidiary trusts			26				(2,023	)			(1,997	)			6,956				(2,977	)			3,979				495				322				817
Total change			15,772				(51,416	)			(35,644	)			51,308				(56,720	)			(5,412	)			2,755				17,239				19,994
Increase (decrease) in FTE net interest income (1)		$	3,733			$	3,639			$	7,372			$	35,520			$	1,453			$	36,973			$	18,224			$	(5,840	)		$	12,384

Provision for Loan Losses

     The provision for loan losses creates an allowance for loan losses known and inherent in the loan portfolio at each balance sheet date. We perform a quarterly assessment of the risks inherent in our loan portfolio, as well as a detailed review of each significant asset with identified weaknesses. Based on this analysis, we record a provision for loan losses in order to maintain the allowance for loan losses at appropriate levels. In determining the allowance for loan losses, we estimate losses on specific loans, or groups of loans, where the probable loss can be identified and reasonably determined. The balance of the allowance for loan losses is based on internally assigned risk classifications of loans, historical loan loss rates, changes in the nature of the loan portfolio, overall portfolio quality, industry concentrations, delinquency trends, current economic factors and the estimated impact of current economic conditions on certain historical loan loss rates. Fluctuations in the provision for loan losses result from management’s assessment of the adequacy of the allowance for loan losses. Ultimate loan losses may vary from current estimates. For additional information concerning the provision for loan losses, see “— Critical Accounting Estimates and Significant Accounting Policies” included herein.

     Effects of the broad recession began to impact our market areas in 2008. Ongoing stress from weakening economic conditions in 2008 and 2009 resulted in higher levels of non-performing loans, particularly real estate development loans. Fluctuations in provisions for loan losses reflect our assessment of the estimated effects of current economic conditions on our loan portfolio. The provision for loan losses increased $11.9 million, or 35.8%, to $45.3 million in 2009, as compared to $33.4 million in 2008. Quarterly provisions for loan losses during 2009 increased from $9.6 million during the first quarter to $13.5 million during the fourth quarter. The provision for loan losses increased $25.6 million, or 330.4%, to $33.4 million in 2008, as compared to $7.8 million in 2007. The majority of the increase in provisions for loan losses in 2008, as compared to 2007, occurred during the fourth quarter when we recorded provisions of $20.0 million, as compared to $5.6 million recorded in third quarter 2008 and $2.1 million recorded in fourth quarter 2007. For additional information concerning non-performing assets, see—Financial Condition—Non-Performing Assets” herein.

Non-interest Income

     Our principal sources of non-interest income include income from the origination and sale of loans; other service charges, commissions and fees; service charges on deposit accounts; and wealth management revenues. Non-interest income decreased $27.9 million, or 21.7%, to $100.7 million in 2009, from $128.6 million in 2008. Non-interest income increased $36.2 million, or 39.2%, to $128.6 million in 2008 from $92.4 million in 2007. Significant components of these fluctuations are discussed below.

     Income from the origination and sale of loans includes origination and processing fees on residential real estate loans held for sale and gains on residential real estate loans sold to third parties. Fluctuations in market interest rates have a significant impact on revenues generated from the origination and sale of loans. Higher interest rates can reduce the demand for home loans and loans to refinance existing mortgages. Conversely, lower interest rates generally stimulate refinancing and home loan origination. Income from the origination and sale of loans increased $18.6 million, or 151.7%, to $30.9 million in 2009, from $12.3 million in 2008, and 9.3% to $12.3 million in 2008, from $11.2 million in 2007. Low market interest rates increased demand for residential mortgage loans, which we generally sell into the secondary market with servicing rights retained. In June 2009, long-term interest rates increased causing a slowdown in application activity associated with fixed rate secondary market loans during the second half of 2009. If long-term rates remain at their existing levels or increase, income from the origination and sale of loans will likely decrease in future periods. Approximately $224,000 of the 2008 increase, as compared to 2007, was attributable to the acquired First Western entities.

     Other service charges, commissions and fees primarily include debit and credit card interchange income, mortgage servicing fees, insurance and other commissions and ATM service charge revenues. Other service charges, commissions and fees increased $554,000, or 2.0%, to $28.7 million in 2009, from $28.2 million in 2008. The increase was primarily due to additional fee income from higher volumes of debit card transactions. This increase was partially offset by decreases in insurance and other commissions of $709,000.

     Other service charges, commissions and fees increased $4.0 million, or 16.4%, to $28.2 million in 2008, from $24.2 million in 2007. Approximately $1.8 million of the 2008 increase was attributable to the acquired First Western entities. The remaining increase in 2008 was primarily due to additional fee income from higher volumes of credit and debit card transactions and increases in insurance commissions.

     Service charges on deposit accounts decreased $389,000, or 1.9%, to $20.3 million in 2009, from $20.7 million in 2008, primarily due to decreases in the number of overdraft fees assessed. Service charges on deposit accounts increased $2.9 million, or 16.4%, to $20.7 million in 2008, from $17.8 million in 2007. Substantially all of the 2008 increase was attributable to the acquired First Western entities.

     Wealth management revenues are principally comprised of fees earned for management of trust assets and investment services revenues. Wealth management revenues decreased $1.5 million, or 12.4%, to $10.8 million in 2009, from $12.4 million in 2008. Approximately 61% of the decrease occurred in investment services revenues, primarily the result of decreases in brokerage transaction volumes. In addition, fees earned for management of trust funds, which are generally based on the market value of trust assets managed, were lower in 2009 due to declines in the market values of assets under trust administration. Wealth management revenues increased 5.3% to $12.4 million in 2008, from $11.7 million in 2007, due to the addition of new trust and investment services customers in 2008.

     On December 31, 2008, we completed the sale of our technology services subsidiary, i_Tech, to a national technology services provider. We recorded a $27.1 million net gain on the sale in 2008. i_Tech provided technology support services to us, our Bank and nonbank subsidiaries and to non-affiliated customers in our market areas and nine additional states. During 2008 and 2007, i_Tech generated $17.7 million and $19.1 million, respectively, in non-affiliate revenues. Subsequent to the sale, we no longer receive technology services revenues from non-affiliates.

     Technology services revenues decreased $1.4 million, or 7.2%, to $17.7 million in 2008, from $19.1 million in 2007. This decrease was primarily due to a $2.0 million contract termination fee recorded in 2007. In addition, item processing income decreased $718,000 in 2008, as compared to 2007, primarily due to the introduction of imaging technology that permits items to be captured electronically rather than through physical processing and transporting of the items. These decreases were offset by an increase of $1.8 million in core data processing revenues resulting from increases in the number of core data processing customers and the volume of core data transactions processed.

     Other income primarily includes company-owned life insurance revenues, check printing income, agency stock dividends and gains on sales of miscellaneous assets. Other income decreased $420,000, or 4.1%, to $9.7 million in 2009, from $10.2 million in 2008. During third quarter 2009, we recorded a non-recurring gain of $2.1 million on the sale of our Visa Inc. Class B shares. This increase was offset by first quarter 2008 non-recurring gains of $1.6 million on the mandatory redemption of Visa Inc. Class B shares and $1.1 million from the release of escrow funds related to the December 2006 sale of our interest in an internet bill payment company. For additional information regarding the conversion and sale of our Visa Inc. Class B shares, see “Notes to Consolidated Financial Statement—Commitments and Contingencies” included in Part IV, Item 15 of this report.

     Other income increased $1.9 million, or 23.2%, to $10.2 million in 2008, from $8.2 million in 2007. Exclusive of the acquired First Western entities, non-interest income decreased $1.7 million, or 20.2%, in 2008, as compared to 2007. During first quarter 2008, we recorded a gain of $1.6 million resulting from the mandatory redemption of our class B shares of Visa Inc. The net gain was split between our community banking and technology services operating segments. In addition, during first quarter 2008, we recorded a nonrecurring gain of $1.1 million due to the release of funds escrowed in conjunction with the December 2006 sale of our interest in an internet bill payment company. These gains were offset by decreases in earnings of securities held under deferred compensation plans and one-time gains recorded in 2007 of $986,000 on the sale of mortgage servicing rights and $737,000 from the conversion and subsequent sale of our MasterCard stock.

Non-interest Expense

     Non-interest expense decreased $4.8 million, or 2.2%, to $217.7 million in 2009, from $222.5 million in 2008. Non-interest expense increased $43.8 million, or 24.5%, to $222.5 million in 2008, from $178.8 million in 2007. Significant components of these fluctuations are discussed below.

     Salaries, wages and employee benefits expense decreased $455,000, or less than 1.0%, to $113.6 million in 2009 compared to $114.0 million for the same period in 2008. Normal inflationary and other increases in salaries, wages and employee benefits were offset by a reduction of approximately 120 full-time equivalent employees due to the sale of i_Tech in December 2008.

     Salaries, wages and employee benefits expense increased $15.9 million, or 16.2%, to $114.0 million in 2008, from $98.1 million in 2007. Approximately $12.2 million of the 2008 increase was attributable to the acquired First Western entities. The remaining increase was primarily due to higher group health insurance costs and wage increases. These increases were partially offset by decreases in incentive bonus and profit sharing accruals to reflect 2008 performance results.

     Occupancy expense decreased $463,000, or 2.8%, to $15.9 million in 2009, from $16.4 million in 2008. The decrease in occupancy expense was due to the discontinuation of a building lease in conjunction with the sale of i_Tech in December 2008. Occupancy expense increased $1.6 million, or 11.0%, to $16.4 million in 2008, from $14.7 million in 2007 due to the acquired First Western entities.

     Furniture and equipment expense decreased $6.5 million, or 34.3%, to $12.4 million in 2009, from $18.9 million in 2008. The decrease in equipment maintenance and depreciation was due primarily due to the sale of i_Tech in December 2008. Furniture and equipment expense increased $2.7 million, or 16.3%, to $18.9 million in 2008, from $16.2 million in 2007. Approximately $1.2 million of the increase was attributable to the acquired First Western entities. The remaining increase was primarily due to higher depreciation and maintenance expenses resulting from the addition, replacement and repair of equipment in the ordinary course of business.

     FDIC insurance premiums increased $9.2 million, or 316.6%, to $12.1 million in 2009, from $2.9 million in 2008. For the first quarter of 2009 only, the FDIC increased all FDIC deposit assessment rates by 7 basis points and on February 27, 2009, the FDIC issued a final rule setting base assessment rates for Risk Category I institutions at 12 to 16 basis points, beginning April 1, 2009. On May 22, 2009, the FDIC issued a final rule which levied a special assessment applicable to all insured depository institutions totaling 5 basis points of each institution’s total assets less tier 1 capital as of June 30, 2009, not to exceed 10 basis points of domestic deposits. Increases in deposit insurance expense were due to increases in fee assessment rates during 2009 and the special assessment of $3.1 million. The increases were also partly related to the additional 10 basis point per annum assessment paid on covered transaction accounts exceeding $250,000 under the deposit insurance coverage guarantee program and the full utilization of available credits to offset assessments during the first nine months of 2008. We expect FDIC insurance premiums to remain at their current high levels for the foreseeable future.

     FDIC insurance premiums increased $2.5 million, or 555.9%, to $2.9 million in 2008, from $444,000 in 2007. During the first half of 2008, we fully utilized a one-time credit provided by the FDIC to offset the cost of FDIC insurance premiums for “well-managed” banks. In addition, we elected to participate in the deposit insurance coverage guarantee program during fourth quarter 2008. The fee assessment for deposit insurance coverage on deposits insured under this program is 10 basis points per annum.

     Outsourced technology services expense increased $6.6 million, or 163.1%, to $10.6 million in 2009, from $4.0 million in 2008. Concurrent with the December 31, 2008 sale of i_Tech, we entered into a service agreement with the purchaser to receive data processing, electronic funds transfer and other technology services previously provided by i_Tech. This increase in outsourced technology services expense was largely offset by decreases in salaries, wages and benefits; furniture and equipment; occupancy; and other expenses. Outsourced technology services expense increased $900,000, or 28.9%, to $4.0 million in 2008, from $3.1 million in 2007, primarily due to increases in ATM fees resulting from higher transaction volumes.

     Mortgage servicing rights are amortized in proportion to and over the period of estimated net servicing income. Changes in estimated servicing period and growth in the serviced loan portfolio cause amortization expense to vary between periods. Mortgage servicing rights amortization increased $1.7 million, or 27.9%, to $7.6 million in 2009, from $5.9 million in 2008 and $1.5 million, or 33.3%, to $5.9 million in 2008, from $4.4 million in 2007.

     Mortgage servicing rights are evaluated quarterly for impairment based on the fair value of the mortgage servicing rights. The fair value of mortgage servicing rights is estimated by discounting the expected future cash flows, taking into consideration the estimated level of prepayments based on current industry expectations and the predominant risk characteristics of the underlying loans. During a period of declining interest rates, the fair value of mortgage servicing rights is expected to decline due to anticipated prepayments within the portfolio. Alternatively, during a period of rising interest rates, the fair value of mortgage servicing rights is expected to increase because prepayments of the underlying loans would be anticipated to decline. Impairment adjustments are recorded through a valuation allowance. The valuation allowance is adjusted for changes in impairment through a charge to current period earnings. During 2009, we reversed previously recorded impairment of $7.2 million, as compared to a recording additional impairment of $10.9 million in 2008 and $1.7 million in 2007.

     OREO expense is recorded net of OREO income. Variations in net OREO expense between periods is primarily due to write-downs of the estimated fair value of OREO properties, fluctuations in gains and losses recorded on sales of OREO properties, fluctuations in the number of OREO properties held and the carrying costs and/or operating expenses associated with those properties. OREO expense was $6.4 million in 2009, as compared to $215,000 in 2008. This increase was primarily due to a $4.3 million write-down of the carrying value of one real estate development property due to a decline in the estimated market value of the property. During 2008, we recorded OREO expense of $215,000, compared to OREO income of $81,000 recorded in 2007.

     Core deposit intangibles represent the intangible value of depositor relationships resulting from deposit liabilities assumed and are amortized based on the estimated useful lives of the related deposits. We recorded core deposit intangibles of $14.9 million in conjunction with the acquisition of the First Western entities. These intangibles are being amortized using an accelerated method over their weighted average expected useful lives of 9.2 years. Core deposit intangible amortization expense was $2.1 million in 2009, compared to $2.5 million in 2008 and $174,000 in 2007. Core deposit intangible amortization expense is expected to decrease 18.0% to $1.7 million in 2010. For additional information regarding core deposit intangibles, see “Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements—Summary of Significant Accounting Policies,” included in Part IV, Item 15.

     Other expenses primarily include professional fees; advertising and public relations costs; office supply, postage, freight, telephone and travel expenses; donations expense; debit and credit card expenses; board of director fees; and other losses. Other expenses decreased $2.5 million, or 5.4%, to $44.3 million in 2009, from $46.8 million in 2008. This decrease was primarily the result of a $1.3 million other-than-temporary impairment charge related to an available-for-sale corporate security and fraud losses of $708,000 recorded during 2008. Also contributing to the decrease in other expenses were reductions in expense due to the sale of i_Tech in December 2008 and a continuing focus on reducing targeted controllable expenses during 2009. These reductions were partially offset by higher debit card expense resulting from higher transaction volumes.

     Other expenses increased $6.9 million, or 17.3%, to $46.8 million in 2008, from $39.9 million in 2007. Exclusive of other expenses of the acquired First Western entities, which included a $1.3 million other-than-temporary impairment charge on an available-for-sale corporate investment security, other expenses decreased $1.9 million, or 4.9%, in 2008, as compared to 2007. During 2007, we recorded loss contingency accruals of $1.5 million related to an indemnification agreement with Visa USA and two potential operational losses incurred in the ordinary course of business. During 2008, we reversed $625,000 of the loss contingency accrual related to our indemnification agreement with Visa USA. In addition, during 2008 we recorded expenses of $450,000 related to employee recruitment and relocation and $708,000 related to fraud losses.

Income Tax Expense

     Our effective federal tax rate was 29.1% for the year ended December 31, 2009, 30.3% for the year ended December 31, 2008 and 31.0% for the year ended December 31, 2007. State income tax applies primarily to pretax earnings generated within Montana and South Dakota. Our effective state tax rate was 4.2% for the year ended December 31, 2009, 4.4% for the year ended December 31, 2008 and 3.9% for the year ended December 31, 2007. Changes in effective federal and state income tax rates are primarily due to fluctuations in tax exempt interest income as a percentage of total income.

Net Income Available to Common Shareholders

     Net income available to common shareholders was $50.4 million, or $6.37 per diluted share, in 2009, as compared to $67.3 million, or $8.38 per diluted share, in 2008 and $68.6 million, or $8.25 per diluted share in 2007.

Summary of Quarterly Results

     The following table presents unaudited quarterly results of operations for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2009 and 2008.

(Dollars in thousands except per share data)

		First				Second				Third				Fourth				Full
		Quarter				Quarter				Quarter				Quarter				Year
Year Ended December 31, 2009:
Interest income		$	81,883			$	81,148			$	82,325			$	82,678			$	328,034
Interest expense			22,820				21,958				21,026				19,094				84,898
Net interest income			59,063				59,190				61,299				63,584				243,136
Provision for loan losses			9,600				11,700				10,500				13,500				45,300
Net interest income after
provision for loan losses			49,463				47,490				50,799				50,084				197,836
Non-interest income			26,213				27,267				25,000				22,210				100,690
Non-interest expense			50,445				54,737				57,376				55,152				217,710
Income before income taxes			25,231				20,020				18,423				17,142				80,816
Income tax expense			8,543				6,684				6,105				5,621				26,953
Net income			16,688				13,336				12,318				11,521				53,863
Preferred stock dividends			844				853				862				863				3,422
Net income available to common shareholders		$	15,844			$	12,483			$	11,456			$	10,658			$	50,441
Basic earnings per common share		$	2.01			$	1.59			$	1.47			$	1.36			$	6.44
Diluted earnings per common share			1.98				1.57				1.46				1.35				6.37
Dividends per common share			0.65				0.45				0.45				0.45				2.00
Year Ended December 31, 2008:
Interest income		$	91,109			$	88,068			$	89,928			$	86,814			$	355,919
Interest expense			34,306				29,697				29,234				27,305				120,542
Net interest income			56,803				58,371				60,694				59,509				235,377
Provision for loan losses			2,363				5,321				5,636				20,036				33,356
Net interest income after
provision for loan losses			54,440				53,050				55,058				39,473				202,021
Non-interest income			26,383				25,240				24,389				52,585				128,597
Non-interest expense			53,169				49,677				55,190				64,505				222,541
Income before income taxes			27,654				28,613				24,257				27,553				108,077
Income tax expense			9,578				9,988				8,362				9,501				37,429
Net income			18,076				18,625				15,895				18,052				70,648
Preferred stock dividends			768				853				863				863				3,347
Net income available to common shareholders		$	17,308			$	17,772			$	15,032			$	17,189			$	67,301
Basic earnings per common share		$	2.19			$	2.27			$	1.93			$	2.17			$	8.55
Diluted earnings per common share			2.14				2.22				1.89				2.13				8.38
Dividends per common share			0.65				0.65				0.65				0.65				2.60