Edgar Filing: Premier, Inc.

Document

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

__________________________________________________________________________________________

FORM 10-Q

__________________________________________________________________________________________

(Mark One)



x	QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended December 31, 2018



o	TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from to

Commission File Number 001-36092

__________________________________________________________________________________________

Premier, Inc.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

___________________________________________________________________________________________



Delaware		35-2477140
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)		(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

13034 Ballantyne Corporate Place Charlotte, North Carolina		28277
(Address of principal executive offices)		(Zip Code)

(704) 357-0022

(Registrant's telephone number, including area code)

__________________________________________________________________________________________

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes x No o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes x No o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of "large accelerated filer," "accelerated filer," "smaller reporting company," and "emerging growth company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.



Large accelerated filer	x	Accelerated filer	o	Non-accelerated filer	o
Smaller reporting company	o	Emerging growth company	o	(Do not check if a smaller reporting company)

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes o No x

As of February 1, 2019, there were 63,788,479 shares of the registrant's Class A common stock, par value $0.01 per share, and 65,602,193 shares of the registrant's Class B common stock, par value $0.000001 per share, outstanding.

TABLE OF CONTENTS



		Page
PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION		6
Item 1.	Financial Statements	6
	Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2018 and June 30, 2018 (Unaudited)	6
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income for the three and six months ended December 31, 2018 and 2017 (Unaudited)	8
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income for the three and six months ended December 31, 2018 and 2017 (Unaudited)	9
	Condensed Consolidated Statement of Stockholders' Deficit for the six months ended December 31, 2018 and 2017 (Unaudited)	10
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the six months ended December 31, 2018 and 2017 (Unaudited)	12
	Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)	14
Item 2.	Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	41
Item 3.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk	72
Item 4.	Controls and Procedures	72
PART II. OTHER INFORMATION		74
Item 1.	Legal Proceedings	74
Item 1A.	Risk Factors	74
Item 2.	Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds	74
Item 6.	Exhibits	75
	Signatures	76

CAUTIONARY NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

Statements made in this Quarterly Report that are not statements of historical or current facts, such as those under the heading "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations," are "forward-looking statements" within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Forward-looking statements may involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors that may cause our actual results, performance or achievements to be materially different from historical results or from any future results or projections expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements. In addition to statements that explicitly describe such risks and uncertainties, readers are urged to consider statements in conditional or future tenses or that include terms such as "believes," "belief," "expects," "estimates," "intends," "anticipates" or "plans" to be uncertain and forward-looking. Forward-looking statements may include comments as to our beliefs and expectations regarding future events and trends affecting our business and are necessarily subject to uncertainties, many of which are outside our control. Factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from those indicated in any forward-looking statement include, but are not limited to:


•	competition which could limit our ability to maintain or expand market share within our industry;


•	consolidation in the healthcare industry;


•	potential delays recognizing or increasing revenue if the sales cycle or implementation period takes longer than expected;


•	the terminability of member participation in our group purchasing organization ("GPO") programs with limited or no notice, or the failure of a significant number of members to renew their GPO participation agreements;


•	the rate at which the markets for our SaaS informatics products and services develop;


•	the dependency of our members on payments from third-party payers;


•	our reliance on administrative fees that we receive from GPO suppliers;


•	our ability to maintain third-party provider and strategic alliances or enter into new alliances;


•	our ability to timely offer new and innovative products and services;


•	the portion of revenues we receive from our largest members;


•	risks and expenses related to future acquisition opportunities and integration of acquisitions;


•	financial and operational risks associated with investments in or loans to businesses that we do not control, particularly early stage companies;


•	potential litigation;


•	our reliance on Internet infrastructure, bandwidth providers, data center providers and other third parties and our own systems for providing services to our users;


•	data loss or corruption due to failures or errors in our systems and service disruptions at our data centers, or breaches or failures of our security measures;


•	the financial, operational and reputational consequences of cyber-attacks or other data security breaches that disrupt our operations or result in the dissemination of proprietary or confidential information about us or our members or other third parties;


•	our ability to use, disclose, de-identify or license data and to integrate third-party technologies;


•	our use of "open source" software;


•	changes in pharmaceutical industry pricing benchmarks;


•	our inability to grow our integrated pharmacy business or maintain current patients due to increases in the safety risk profiles of prescription drugs or the withdrawal of prescription drugs from the market, or our inability to maintain and expand our existing base of drugs in our integrated pharmacy operations;


•	our dependency on contract manufacturing facilities located in various parts of the world;


•	our ability to attract, hire, integrate and retain key personnel;


•	adequate protection of our intellectual property and potential claims against our use of the intellectual property of third parties;


•	potential sales and use tax liability in certain jurisdictions;


•	changes in tax laws that materially impact our tax rate, income tax expense, cash flows or tax receivable agreement ("TRA") liabilities;


•	our indebtedness and our ability to obtain additional financing on favorable terms, including our ability to renew or replace our existing long-term credit facility at maturity;


•	fluctuation of our quarterly cash flows, revenues and results of operations;


•	changes and uncertainty in the political, economic or regulatory environment affecting healthcare organizations, including with respect to the status of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act, as amended by the Healthcare and Education Reconciliation Act of 2010, collectively referred to as the "ACA";


•	our compliance with complex international, federal and state laws governing financial relationships among healthcare providers and the submission of false or fraudulent healthcare claims;


•	interpretation and enforcement of current or future antitrust laws and regulations;


•	compliance with complex federal and state privacy, security and breach notification laws;


•	compliance with current or future laws, rules or regulations adopted by the Food & Drug Administration ("FDA") applicable to our current or acquired software applications that may be considered medical devices;


•	compliance with, and potential changes to, extensive federal, state and local laws, regulations and procedures governing our integrated pharmacy operations;


•	risks inherent in the filling, packaging and distribution of pharmaceuticals, including the counseling required to be provided by our pharmacists for dispensing of products;


•	our holding company structure and dependence on distributions from Premier Healthcare Alliance, L.P. ("Premier LP");


•	different interests among our member owners or between us and our member owners;


•	the ability of our member owners to exercise significant control over us, including through the election of all of our directors;


•	exemption from certain corporate governance requirements due to our status as a "controlled company" within the meaning of the NASDAQ rules;


•	the terms of agreements between us and our member owners;


•	payments made under the TRAs to Premier LP's limited partners and our ability to realize the expected tax benefits related to the acquisition of Class B common units from Premier LP's limited partners;


•	changes to Premier LP's allocation methods or examinations or changes in interpretation of applicable tax laws and regulations by various taxing authorities that may increase a tax-exempt limited partner's risk that some allocated income is unrelated business taxable income;


•	provisions in our certificate of incorporation and bylaws and the Amended and Restated Limited Partnership Agreement of Premier LP (as amended, the "LP Agreement") and provisions of Delaware law that discourage or prevent strategic transactions, including a takeover of us;


•	failure to maintain an effective system of internal controls over financial reporting or an inability to remediate any weaknesses identified and the related costs of remediation;


•	the number of shares of Class A common stock that will be eligible for sale upon exchange of Class B common units of Premier LP in the near future and the dilutive effect of such issuances;


•	our lack of current plans to pay cash dividends on our Class A common stock;


•	the timing and number of shares of Class A common stock repurchased by the Company, if any, pursuant to our current or any future Class A common stock repurchase program;


•	possible future issuances of common stock, preferred stock, limited partnership units or debt securities and the dilutive effect of such issuances; and


•	the risk factors discussed under the heading "Risk Factors" in Item 1A of Part II herein and under Item 1A of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2018 (the "2018 Annual Report"), filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC").

More information on potential factors that could affect our financial results is included from time to time in the "Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements," "Risk Factors" and "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations" or similarly captioned sections of this Quarterly Report and our other periodic and current filings made from time to time with the SEC, which are available on our website at http://investors.premierinc.com/. You should not place undue reliance on any of our forward-looking statements which speak only as of the date they are made. We undertake no obligation to publicly update or revise any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise. Furthermore, we cannot guarantee future results, events, levels of activity, performance or achievements.

PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1. Financial Statements

PREMIER, INC.

Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets

(Unaudited)

(In thousands, except share data)



	December 31, 2018		June 30, 2018
Assets
Cash and cash equivalents	$	110,584	$	152,386
Accounts receivable (net of $3,187 and $1,841 allowance for doubtful accounts, respectively)	197,366		185,874
Contract assets	208,254		—
Inventory	70,032		66,139
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	27,259		23,325
Due from related parties	720		894
Total current assets	614,215		428,618
Property and equipment (net of $339,781 and $297,591 accumulated depreciation, respectively)	211,859		206,693
Intangible assets (net of $181,171 and $153,635 accumulated amortization, respectively)	318,199		322,115
Goodwill	943,281		906,545
Deferred income tax assets	389,632		305,624
Deferred compensation plan assets	39,752		44,577
Investments in unconsolidated affiliates	98,089		94,053
Other assets	29,824		3,991
Total assets	$	2,644,851	$	2,312,216

Liabilities, redeemable limited partners' capital and stockholders' deficit
Accounts payable	$	66,855	$	60,130
Accrued expenses	99,480		64,257
Revenue share obligations	130,163		78,999
Limited partners' distribution payable	14,288		15,465
Accrued compensation and benefits	41,071		64,112
Deferred revenue	33,874		39,785
Current portion of tax receivable agreements	18,217		17,925
Current portion of long-term debt	102,302		100,250
Other liabilities	8,438		7,959
Total current liabilities	514,688		448,882
Long-term debt, less current portion	5,107		6,962
Tax receivable agreements, less current portion	304,907		237,176
Deferred compensation plan obligations	39,752		44,577
Deferred tax liabilities	18,850		17,569
Other liabilities	58,296		63,704
Total liabilities	941,600		818,870



	December 31, 2018			June 30, 2018

Redeemable limited partners' capital	2,593,882			2,920,410
Stockholders' deficit:
Class A common stock, $0.01 par value, 500,000,000 shares authorized; 63,822,420 shares issued and 61,286,582 shares outstanding at December 31, 2018 and 57,530,733 shares issued and 52,761,177 shares outstanding at June 30, 2018	638			575
Class B common stock, $0.000001 par value, 600,000,000 shares authorized; 69,484,147 and 80,335,701 shares issued and outstanding at December 31, 2018 and June 30, 2018, respectively	—			—
Treasury stock, at cost; 2,535,838 and 4,769,556 shares, respectively	(97,199		)	(150,058		)
Additional paid-in-capital	—			—
Accumulated deficit	(794,070		)	(1,277,581		)
Total stockholders' deficit	(890,631		)	(1,427,064		)
Total liabilities, redeemable limited partners' capital and stockholders' deficit	$	2,644,851		$	2,312,216

See accompanying notes to the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

PREMIER, INC.

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income

(Unaudited)

(In thousands, except per share data)



	Three Months Ended December 31,						Six Months Ended December 31,
	2018			2017			2018			2017
Net revenue:
Net administrative fees	$	165,695		$	159,343		$	327,695		$	310,334
Other services and support	98,643			89,953			186,719			176,864
Services	264,338			249,296			514,414			487,198
Products	157,519			162,102			308,989			314,764
Net revenue	421,857			411,398			823,403			801,962
Cost of revenue:
Services	43,189			47,255			86,561			94,191
Products	155,534			153,272			301,155			297,712
Cost of revenue	198,723			200,527			387,716			391,903
Gross profit	223,134			210,871			435,687			410,059
Other operating income:
Remeasurement of tax receivable agreement liabilities	—			177,174			—			177,174
Other operating income	—			177,174			—			177,174
Operating expenses:
Selling, general and administrative	110,112			108,620			215,982			222,941
Research and development	292			324			632			813
Amortization of purchased intangible assets	13,899			13,817			27,537			27,715
Operating expenses	124,303			122,761			244,151			251,469
Operating income	98,831			265,284			191,536			335,764
Equity in net income of unconsolidated affiliates	1,444			1,257			4,134			5,509
Interest and investment loss, net	(859		)	(1,508		)	(1,547		)	(3,003		)
Loss on disposal of long-lived assets	—			(400		)	—			(1,720		)
Other income (expense)	7,199			(13,356		)	5,258			(11,893		)
Other income (expense), net	7,784			(14,007		)	7,845			(11,107		)
Income before income taxes	106,615			251,277			199,381			324,657
Income tax expense	1,804			231,508			12,597			244,272
Net income	104,811			19,769			186,784			80,385
Net income attributable to non-controlling interest in Premier LP	(62,631		)	(56,485		)	(117,744		)	(101,095		)
Adjustment of redeemable limited partners' capital to redemption amount	651,709			317,916			(56,484		)	638,340
Net income attributable to stockholders	$	693,889		$	281,200		$	12,556		$	617,630

Weighted average shares outstanding:
Basic	59,876			55,209			56,548			54,059
Diluted	133,672			139,237			57,584			139,641

Earnings per share attributable to stockholders:
Basic	$	11.59		$	5.09		$	0.22		$	11.43
Diluted	$	0.69		$	0.06		$	0.22		$	0.36

See accompanying notes to the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

PREMIER, INC.

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income

(Unaudited)

(In thousands)



	Three Months Ended December 31,						Six Months Ended December 31,
	2018			2017			2018			2017
Net income	$	104,811		$	19,769		$	186,784		$	80,385
Less: comprehensive income attributable to non-controlling interest	(62,631		)	(56,485		)	(117,744		)	(101,095		)
Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to stockholders	$	42,180		$	(36,716	)	$	69,040		$	(20,710	)

See accompanying notes to the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

PREMIER, INC.

Condensed Consolidated Statement of Stockholders' Deficit

Six Months Ended December 31, 2018

(Unaudited)

(In thousands)



	Class A Common Stock				Class B Common Stock				Treasury Stock					Additional Paid-In Capital			Accumulated Deficit			Total Stockholders' Deficit
	Shares		Amount		Shares		Amount		Shares		Amount			Additional Paid-In Capital			Accumulated Deficit			Total Stockholders' Deficit
Balance at June 30, 2018	52,761		$	575	80,336		$	—	4,769		$	(150,058	)	$	—		$	(1,277,581	)	$	(1,427,064	)
Balance at July 1, 2018, as previously reported	52,761		575		80,336		—		4,769		(150,058		)	—			(1,277,581		)	(1,427,064		)
Impact of change in accounting principle	—		—		—		—		—		—			—			127,265			127,265
Adjusted balance at July 1, 2018	52,761		575		80,336		—		4,769		(150,058		)	—			(1,150,316		)	(1,299,799		)
Exchange of Class B units for Class A common stock by member owners	10,624		55		(10,624	)	—		(5,104	)	162,371			309,454			—			471,880
Redemption of limited partners	—		—		(227	)	—		—		—			—			—			—
Increase in additional paid-in capital related to quarterly exchange by member owners, including associated TRA revaluation	—		—		—		—		—		—			14,752			—			14,752
Issuance of Class A common stock under equity incentive plan	734		8		—		—		—		—			12,115			—			12,123
Issuance of Class A common stock under employee stock purchase plan	38		—		—		—		—		—			1,488			—			1,488
Treasury stock	(2,870	)	—		—		—		2,870		(109,512		)	—			—			(109,512		)
Stock-based compensation expense	—		—		—		—		—		—			13,911			—			13,911
Repurchase of vested restricted units for employee tax-withholding	—		—		—		—		—		—			(8,030		)	—			(8,030		)
Net income	—		—		—		—		—		—			—			186,784			186,784
Net income attributable to non-controlling interest in Premier LP	—		—		—		—		—		—			—			(117,744		)	(117,744		)
Adjustment of redeemable limited partners' capital to redemption amount	—		—		—		—		—		—			(343,690		)	287,206			(56,484		)
Balance at December 31, 2018	61,287		$	638	69,485		$	—	2,535		$	(97,199	)	$	—		$	(794,070	)	$	(890,631	)

See accompanying notes to the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

PREMIER, INC.

Condensed Consolidated Statement of Stockholders' Deficit

Six Months Ended December 31, 2017

(Unaudited)

(In thousands)



	Class A Common Stock				Class B Common Stock				Treasury Stock				Additional Paid-In Capital			Accumulated Deficit			Total Stockholders' Deficit
	Shares		Amount		Shares		Amount		Shares	Amount			Additional Paid-In Capital			Accumulated Deficit			Total Stockholders' Deficit
Balance at June 30, 2017	51,943		$	519	87,299		$	—	—	$	—		$	—		$	(1,662,772	)	$	(1,662,253	)
Exchange of Class B units for Class A common stock by member owners	4,883		50		(4,883	)	—		—	—			162,215			—			162,265
Redemption of limited partners	—		—		(133	)	—		—	—			—			—			—
Decrease in additional paid-in capital related to quarterly exchange by member owners, including associated TRA revaluation	—		—		—		—		—	—			(8,669		)	—			(8,669		)
Issuance of Class A common stock under equity incentive plan	390		4		—		—		—	—			2,804			—			2,808
Issuance of Class A common stock under employee stock purchase plan	48		—		—		—		—	—			1,388			—			1,388
Treasury stock	(2,578	)	—		—		—		2,578	(74,698		)	—			—			(74,698		)
Stock-based compensation expense	—		—		—		—		—	—			17,699			—			17,699
Repurchase of vested restricted units for employee tax-withholding	—		—		—		—		—	—			(5,743		)	—			(5,743		)
Net income	—		—		—		—		—	—			—			80,385			80,385
Net income attributable to non-controlling interest in Premier LP	—		—		—		—		—	—			—			(101,095		)	(101,095		)
Adjustment of redeemable limited partners' capital to redemption amount	—		—		—		—		—	—			(169,694		)	808,034			638,340
Balance at December 31, 2017	54,686		$	573	82,283		$	—	2,578	$	(74,698	)	$	—		$	(875,448	)	$	(949,573	)

See accompanying notes to the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

PREMIER, INC.

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

(Unaudited)

(In thousands)



	Six Months Ended December 31,
	2018			2017
Operating activities
Net income	$	186,784		$	80,385
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization	69,727			61,532
Equity in net income of unconsolidated affiliates	(4,134		)	(5,509		)
Deferred income taxes	2,643			235,648
Stock-based compensation	13,911			17,699
Remeasurement of tax receivable agreement liabilities	—			(177,174		)
Loss on disposal of long-lived assets	—			1,720
(Gain) loss on FFF put and call rights	(7,567		)	15,607
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Accounts receivable, contract assets, prepaid expenses and other current assets	(56,875		)	(467		)
Other assets	2,882			1,060
Inventories	(3,893		)	(11,641		)
Accounts payable, accrued expenses, deferred revenue and other current liabilities	15,366			(20,238		)
Long-term liabilities	(7,033		)	1,287
Other operating activities	498			6,606
Net cash provided by operating activities	212,309			206,515
Investing activities
Purchases of property and equipment	(47,289		)	(38,622		)
Acquisition of Stanson Health, Inc., net of cash acquired	(50,926		)	—
Investments in convertible notes	(8,500		)	—
Net cash used in investing activities	(106,715		)	(38,622		)
Financing activities
Payments made on notes payable	—			(6,858		)
Redemption of limited partner of Premier LP	(256		)	—
Proceeds from credit facility	—			30,000
Payments on credit facility	—			(50,000		)
Proceeds from exercise of stock options under equity incentive plan	12,123			2,808
Proceeds from issuance of Class A common stock under stock purchase plan	1,488			1,388
Repurchase of vested restricted units for employee tax-withholding	(8,030		)	(5,743		)
Distributions to limited partners of Premier LP	(30,458		)	(45,703		)
Payments to limited partners of Premier LP related to tax receivable agreements	(17,975		)	—
Repurchase of Class A common stock (held as treasury stock)	(104,288		)	(70,844		)
Earn-out liability payment to GNYHA Holdings	—			(16,662		)
Net cash used in financing activities	(147,396		)	(161,614		)
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents	(41,802		)	6,279
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year	152,386			156,735
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period	$	110,584		$	163,014



	Six Months Ended December 31,
	2018		2017
Supplemental schedule of non-cash investing and financing activities:
Increase (decrease) in redeemable limited partners' capital for adjustment to fair value, with offsetting decrease (increase) in additional paid-in-capital and accumulated deficit	$	56,484	$	(638,340	)
Reduction in redeemable limited partners' capital, with offsetting increases in common stock and additional paid-in capital related to quarterly exchanges by member owners	$	471,880	$	162,265
Reduction in redeemable limited partners' capital for limited partners' distribution payable	$	29,281	$	41,148
Distributions utilized to reduce subscriptions, notes, interest and accounts receivable from member owners	$	853	$	984
Net increase in deferred tax assets related to quarterly exchanges by member owners and other adjustments	$	100,749	$	75,998
Net increase in tax receivable agreement liabilities related to quarterly exchanges by member owners and other adjustments	$	85,997	$	84,667
Net increase (decrease) in additional paid-in capital related to quarterly exchanges by member owners and other adjustments	$	14,752	$	(8,669	)
Increase in treasury stock related to a forward purchase commitment as a result of applying trade date accounting when recording the repurchase of Class A common stock	$	5,224	$	3,854

See accompanying notes to the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

PREMIER, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Unaudited)

(1) ORGANIZATION AND BASIS OF PRESENTATION

Organization

Premier, Inc. ("Premier" or the "Company") is a publicly-held, for-profit Delaware corporation owned by hospitals, health systems and other healthcare organizations (such owners of Premier are referred to herein as "member owners") located in the United States and by public stockholders. The Company is a holding company with no material business operations of its own. The Company’s primary asset is its equity interest in its wholly-owned subsidiary Premier Services, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company ("Premier GP"). Premier GP is the sole general partner of Premier Healthcare Alliance, L.P. ("Premier LP"), a California limited partnership. The Company conducts substantially all of its business operations through Premier LP and its other consolidated subsidiaries. The Company, together with its subsidiaries and affiliates, is a leading healthcare performance improvement company that unites hospitals, health systems, physicians and other healthcare providers to improve and innovate in the clinical, financial and operational areas of their businesses to meet the demands of a rapidly evolving healthcare industry.

The Company's business model and solutions are designed to provide its members access to scale efficiencies, spread the cost of their development, provide actionable intelligence derived from anonymized data in the Company's data warehouse, mitigate the risk of innovation and disseminate best practices to help the Company's member organizations succeed in their transformation to higher quality and more cost-effective healthcare.

The Company, together with its subsidiaries and affiliates, delivers its integrated platform of solutions through two business segments: Supply Chain Services and Performance Services. See Note 17 - Segments for further information related to the Company's reportable business segments. The Supply Chain Services segment includes one of the largest healthcare group purchasing organization ("GPO") programs in the United States, and integrated pharmacy and direct sourcing activities. The Performance Services segment, through its development, integration and delivery of technology with wrap-around service offerings, includes one of the largest informatics and consulting businesses in the United States focused on healthcare providers. More specifically, the Company's software as a service ("SaaS") informatics products utilize the Company's comprehensive data set to provide actionable intelligence to its members, enabling them to benchmark, analyze and identify areas of improvement across the three main categories of cost management, quality and safety, and value-based care. While leveraging these tools, the Company also combines its consulting services and technology-enabled performance improvement collaboratives to provide a more comprehensive and holistic customer value proposition and overall experience. The Performance Services segment also includes the Company's government services and insurance management services.

The Company, through Premier GP, held an approximate 47% and 40% sole general partner interest in Premier LP at December 31, 2018 and June 30, 2018, respectively. In addition to their equity ownership interest in the Company, our member owners held an aggregate of approximately 53% and 60% limited partner interest in Premier LP at December 31, 2018 and June 30, 2018, respectively.

Basis of Presentation and Consolidation

Basis of Presentation

The member owners' interest in Premier LP is reflected as redeemable limited partners' capital in the Company's accompanying Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets, and the limited partners' proportionate share of income in Premier LP is reflected within net income attributable to non-controlling interest in Premier LP in the Company's accompanying Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income and within comprehensive income attributable to non-controlling interest in Premier LP in the Company's accompanying Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income.

At December 31, 2018 and June 30, 2018, the member owners owned an aggregate of approximately 53% and 60%, respectively, of the Company's combined Class A and Class B common stock through their ownership of Class B common stock. During the six months ended December 31, 2018, the member owners exchanged 10.6 million Class B common units and associated Class B common shares for an equal number of Class A common shares pursuant to an exchange agreement (the "Exchange Agreement") entered into by the member owners in connection with the completion of our initial public offering on October 1, 2013. The Exchange Agreement provides each member owner the cumulative right to exchange up to one-seventh of its initial allocation of Class B common units, as well as any additional Class B common units purchased by such member owner pursuant to certain rights of first refusal, for shares of Class A common stock (on a one-for-one basis subject to customary adjustments for subdivisions or combinations by split, reverse split, distribution, reclassification, recapitalization or otherwise), cash or a combination of both, the form of consideration to be at the discretion of the Company's independent Audit and Compliance Committee of the Board of

Directors (the "Audit and Compliance Committee"). In connection with Class B common units exchanged for Class A common shares during the six months ended December 31, 2018, approximately 10.6 million Class B common units were contributed to Premier LP, converted to Class A common units and remain outstanding. Correspondingly, approximately 10.6 million Class B common shares were retired during the same period. For further information, see Note 10 - Redeemable Limited Partners' Capital and Note 12 - Earnings (Loss) Per Share.

Refer to the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2018 (the "2018 Annual Report") filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC") on August 23, 2018 for further discussion of the Exchange Agreement. At both December 31, 2018 and June 30, 2018, the public investors, which may include member owners that have received shares of Class A common stock in connection with previous exchanges of their Class B common units and associated Class B common shares for an equal number of Class A common shares, owned an aggregate of approximately 47% and 40%, respectively, of the Company's outstanding common stock through their ownership of Class A common stock.

The Company has corrected prior period information within the current period financial statements related to a specific component used in calculating the tax effect on Premier, Inc. net income for purposes of diluted earnings (loss) per share. Diluted earnings (loss) per share for the three months ended December 31, 2017 was previously stated at ($1.66) per share and has been corrected to $0.06 per share. Diluted earnings (loss) per share for the six months ended December 31, 2017 was previously stated at ($1.30) per share and has been corrected to $0.36 per share. The Company believes the correction is immaterial and the amount had no impact on the Company’s overall financial condition, results of operations or cash flows.

Principles of Consolidation

The accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared pursuant to the rules and regulations of the SEC and in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles ("GAAP") for interim financial information and include the assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses of all majority-owned subsidiaries over which the Company exercised control and when applicable, entities for which the Company had a controlling financial interest or was the primary beneficiary. All intercompany transactions have been eliminated upon consolidation. Accordingly, certain information and disclosures normally included in annual financial statements have been condensed or omitted. The accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements reflect all adjustments that, in the opinion of management, are necessary for a fair presentation of results of operations and financial condition for the interim periods shown, including normal recurring adjustments. The Company believes that the disclosures are adequate to make the information presented not misleading and should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements and related footnotes contained in the 2018 Annual Report.

Variable Interest Entities

Premier LP is a variable interest entity ("VIE") as the limited partners do not have the ability to exercise a substantive removal right with respect to the general partner. The Company does not hold a majority interest but, through Premier GP, has the exclusive power and authority to manage the business and affairs of Premier LP, to make all decisions with respect to driving the economic performance of Premier LP, and has both an obligation to absorb losses and a right to receive benefits. As such, the Company is the primary beneficiary of the VIE and consolidates the operations of Premier LP under the Variable Interest Model.

The assets and liabilities of Premier LP at December 31, 2018 and June 30, 2018 consisted of the following (in thousands):



	December 31, 2018		June 30, 2018
	New revenue standard ^(a)		Previous revenue standard
Assets
Current	$	597,351	$	393,863
Noncurrent	1,641,005		1,577,974
Total assets of Premier LP	$	2,238,356	$	1,971,837

Liabilities
Current	$	540,470	$	457,172
Noncurrent	117,397		128,793
Total liabilities of Premier LP	$	657,867	$	585,965


(a)	The Company adopted Topic 606 effective July 1, 2018, while comparative results are presented under Topic 605. Refer to Note 2 - Significant Accounting Policies for more information.

Net income attributable to Premier LP during the three and six months ended December 31, 2018 and 2017 was as follows (in thousands):



	Three Months Ended December 31,				Six Months Ended December 31,
	2018		2017		2018		2017
	New revenue standard ^(a)		Previous revenue standard		New revenue standard ^(a)		Previous revenue standard
Premier LP net income	$	118,783	$	94,838	$	211,045	$	167,129


(a)	The Company adopted Topic 606 effective July 1, 2018, while comparative results are presented under Topic 605. Refer to Note 2 - Significant Accounting Policies for more information.

Premier LP's cash flows for the six months ended December 31, 2018 and 2017 consisted of the following (in thousands):



	Six Months Ended December 31,
	2018			2017
Net cash provided by (used in):
Operating activities	$	227,404		$	207,514
Investing activities	(106,715		)	(38,622		)
Financing activities	(143,017		)	(180,600		)
Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents	(22,328		)	(11,708		)
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year	117,741			133,451
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period	$	95,413		$	121,743

Use of Estimates in the Preparation of Financial Statements

The preparation of the Company's condensed consolidated financial statements in accordance with GAAP requires management to make estimates and judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses and related disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities. Significant estimates are evaluated on an ongoing basis, including estimates for net administrative fees revenue, other services and support revenue, contract assets, deferred revenue, contract costs, allowances for doubtful accounts, useful lives of property and equipment, stock-based compensation, payables under tax receivable agreements ("TRAs"), deferred tax balances including valuation allowances on deferred tax assets, uncertain tax positions, values of investments not publicly traded, projected future cash flows used in the evaluation of asset impairment, values of put and call rights, values of earn-out liabilities and the allocation of purchase prices. These estimates are based on historical experience and on various other assumptions that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Actual results may differ from these estimates.

Given the Company's use of estimates referenced above, it is important to highlight that on December 22, 2017, the U.S. government enacted comprehensive tax legislation commonly referred to as the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act ("TCJA"). The TCJA includes significant changes to the U.S. corporate income tax system, specifically reducing the U.S. federal corporate income tax rate from 35% to 21%. Concurrent with the enactment of the TCJA, the SEC issued Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 118 ("SAB 118"), which provides guidance on accounting for the tax effects of the TCJA.

SAB 118 provides a measurement period that should not extend beyond one year from the TCJA enactment date for companies to complete the accounting required under the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") Accounting Standards Codification ("ASC") 740. In accordance with SAB 118, a company must reflect the income tax effects of those aspects of the TCJA for which the accounting under ASC 740 is complete. To the extent that a company's accounting for certain income tax effects of the TCJA is incomplete but it is able to determine a reasonable estimate, it must record a provisional amount on its financial statements. If a company cannot determine a provisional estimate to be included on its financial statements, it should continue to apply ASC 740 on the basis of the provision of the tax laws that were in effect immediately prior to the enactment of the TCJA. With this in mind, the Company prescribed provisional relief under SAB 118 through the one year measurement period to calculate components of its deferred tax balances. During the second quarter of fiscal year 2019, the Company completed its accounting for all of the enactment date income tax effects of the TCJA.

(2) SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

There have been no material changes to the Company's significant accounting policies included within the 2018 Annual Report, except as described below.

Recently Adopted Accounting Standards

In October 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-16, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Intra-Entity Transfers of Assets Other Than Inventory, which removes the prohibition in ASC 740 against the immediate recognition of the current and deferred income tax effects of intra-entity transfers of assets other than inventory. The guidance is intended to reduce the complexity of GAAP and diversity in practice related to the tax consequences of certain types of intra-entity asset transfers, particularly those involving intellectual property. The Company adopted this standard effective July 1, 2018. The implementation of this ASU did not have a material effect on the Company's condensed consolidated financial statements.

In January 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-01, Financial Instruments-Overall (Subtopic 825-10): Recognition and Measurement of Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities, which is intended to provide users of financial statements with more useful information on the recognition, measurement, presentation, and disclosure of financial instruments. The Company adopted this standard effective July 1, 2018. The implementation of this ASU did not have a material effect on the Company's condensed consolidated financial statements.

In May 2014, the FASB issued ASU 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606), which supersedes nearly all existing revenue recognition guidance. The new standard requires revenue to be recognized when promised goods or services are transferred to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. The new standard also requires additional disclosures about the nature, amount, timing and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows arising from customer contracts, including significant judgments and changes in judgments and assets recognized from costs incurred to obtain or fulfill a contract. The new standard allowed for either full retrospective or modified retrospective adoption.

In August 2015, the FASB issued an amendment in ASU 2015-14, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606): Deferral of the Effective Date, to defer the effective date of the new standard for all entities by one year. The new standard, as amended, is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017, including interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption as of the original effective date for public entities is permitted.

In March 2016, the FASB issued another amendment in ASU 2016-08, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606): Principal versus Agent Considerations, related to a third party providing goods or services to a customer. When another party is involved in providing goods or services to a customer, an entity is required to determine whether the nature of its promise is to provide the specified good or service itself or to arrange for the good or service to be provided by a third party. If the entity provides the specific good or service itself, the entity acts as a principal. If an entity arranges for the good or service to be provided by a third party, the entity acts as an agent. The standard requires the principal to recognize revenue for the gross amount and the agent to recognize revenue for the amount of any fee or commission for which it expects to be entitled in exchange for arranging for the specified good or service to be provided. The new standard is effective with ASU 2014-09.

In April 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-10, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606): Identifying Performance Obligations and Licensing, which amends specific aspects of ASU 2014-09, including how to identify performance obligations and guidance related to licensing implementation. This amendment provides guidance on determining whether an entity's promise to grant a license provides a customer with either a right to use the entity's intellectual property or a right to access the entity's intellectual property. The amendment is effective with ASU 2014-09.

In May 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-12, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606): Narrow-Scope Improvements and Practical Expedients, which clarifies specific aspects of ASU 2014-09, clarifying how to identify performance obligations and guidance related to its promise in granting a license of intellectual property. This new standard provides guidance to allow entities to disregard items that are immaterial in the context of the contract, clarify when a promised good or service is separately identifiable and allow an entity to elect to account for the cost of shipping and handling performed after control of a good has been transferred to the customer as a fulfillment cost. The new standard also clarifies how an entity should evaluate the nature of its promise in granting a license of intellectual property to help determine whether it recognizes revenue over time or at a point in time and addresses how entities should consider license renewals and restrictions. The new standard is effective with ASU 2014-09.

In December 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-20, Technical Corrections and Improvements to Topic 606: Revenue from Contracts with Customers, which clarifies specific aspects of ASU 2014-09, including allowing entities not to make quantitative disclosures about remaining performance obligations in certain cases and requiring entities that use any of the new or previously existing

optional exemptions to expand their qualitative disclosures. The new standard also makes twelve other technical corrections and modifications to ASU 2014-09. The new standard is effective with ASU 2014-09.

The Company adopted this standard effective July 1, 2018 using the modified retrospective approach. Refer to the "Effects of Topic 606" below for more information related to the impact of this standard on the Company's significant accounting policies and condensed consolidated financial statements.

Recently Issued Accounting Standards Not Yet Adopted

In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-15, Intangibles- Goodwill and Other- Internal Use Software (Topic 350): Customer Account for Implementation Costs Incurred in a Cloud Computing Arrangement that is a Service Contract, which requires customers in a cloud computing arrangement (i.e., hosting arrangement) that is a service contract to follow the internal use software guidance in ASC 350-40 to determine which implementation costs to capitalize as assets or expense as incurred. More specifically, capitalized implementation costs related to a hosting arrangement that is a service contract will be amortized over the term of the hosting arrangement, beginning when the module or component of the hosting arrangement is ready for its intended use. The standard is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, including interim periods within those fiscal years. The new standard will be effective for the Company for the fiscal year beginning July 1, 2020. Early adoption is permitted including adoption in any interim periods. Entities have the option to apply the guidance prospectively to all implementation costs incurred after the date of adoption or retrospectively. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of the adoption of the new standard on its consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.

In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-13, Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820): Disclosure Framework- Changes to Disclosure Requirements for Fair Value Measurement, which improves the effectiveness of fair value measurement disclosures by eliminating, adding and modifying certain disclosure requirements for fair value measurements as part of its disclosure framework project. More specifically, entities will no longer be required to disclose the amount of and reasons for transfers between Level 1 and Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy, but public companies will be required to disclose the range and weighted average used to develop significant unobservable inputs for Level 3 fair value measurements. The standard is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, including interim periods within those fiscal years. The new standard will be effective for the Company for the fiscal year beginning July 1, 2020. Early adoption is permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of the adoption of the new standard on its consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.

In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-04, Intangibles - Goodwill and Other (Topic 350): Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment, which eliminates Step 2 from the goodwill impairment test. The guidance requires an entity to perform its annual, or interim, goodwill impairment test by comparing the fair value of a reporting unit with its carrying amount. An entity should recognize an impairment charge for the amount by which the carrying amount exceeds the reporting unit’s fair value. In addition, the guidance eliminates the requirement for any reporting unit with a zero or negative carrying amount to perform a qualitative assessment. The standard is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, including interim periods within those fiscal years. The new standard will be effective for the Company for the fiscal year beginning July 1, 2020. Early adoption is permitted for interim and annual goodwill impairment tests performed after January 1, 2017. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of the adoption of the new standard on its consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842), which is intended to increase transparency and comparability among organizations of accounting for leasing arrangements. This guidance establishes a right-of-use model that requires a lessee to record a right-of-use asset and a lease liability on the balance sheet for all leases with terms longer than 12 months. Leases will be classified as either finance or operating, with classification affecting the pattern of expense recognition in the income statement. Entities will be required to recognize and measure leases as of the earliest period presented using a modified retrospective approach. The standard is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, including interim periods within those fiscal years. The new standard will be effective for the Company for the fiscal year beginning July 1, 2019. Early adoption is permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of the adoption of the new standard on its consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.

Effects of Topic 606

As a result of adopting Topic 606, the Company's accounting policies and condensed consolidated financial statements were updated as follows:

Contract Assets

Supply Chain Services contract assets represent estimated customer purchases on supplier contracts for which administrative fees have been earned, but not collected. Performance Services contract assets represent revenue earned for services provided but which the Company is not contractually able to bill as of the end of the respective reporting period.

Contract Costs

Contract costs represent amounts the Company has capitalized and reflect the incremental costs of obtaining and fulfilling a contract, which include sales commissions and costs related to implementing SaaS informatics tools. For commissions on new contracts, these costs are amortized over the life of the expected relationship with the customer for the respective performance obligation. For renewals, commissions are amortized over the contract life with the customer. Implementation costs are amortized straight-line, once the tool is implemented, over the life of the expected relationship with the customer for the respective performance obligation, which is consistent with the transfer of services to the customer to which the implementation relates. The Company's contract costs are included in other assets on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets, while the associated amortization related to sales commissions is included in selling, general and administrative expenses and the associated amortization related to implementation costs is included in cost of revenue in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income.

Deferred Revenue

Deferred revenue consists of unrecognized revenue related to advanced customer invoicing or member payments received prior to fulfillment of the Company's revenue recognition criteria. Substantially all deferred revenue consists of deferred subscription fees and deferred consulting fees. Subscription fees for Company-hosted SaaS applications are deferred until the customer's unique data records have been incorporated into the underlying software database, or until customer site-specific software has been implemented and the customer has access to the software. Deferred consulting fees arise upon invoicing to customers prior to services being performed.

Performance Obligations

A performance obligation is a promise to transfer a distinct good or service to a customer. A contract's transaction price is allocated to each distinct performance obligation and recognized as revenue when, or as, the performance obligation is satisfied. Contracts may have a single performance obligation as the promise to transfer individual goods or services is not separately identifiable from other promises and, therefore, not distinct; while other contracts may have multiple performance obligations, most commonly due to the contract covering multiple deliverable arrangements (licensing fees, implementation fees, subscription fees, professional fees for consulting services, etc.).

Revenue Recognition

The Company accounts for a contract with a customer when the contract is committed, the rights of the parties, including payment terms, are identified, the contract has commercial substance and consideration is probable of collection.

Revenue is recognized when, or as, control of a promised product or service transfers to a customer, in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the Company expects to be entitled in exchange for transferring those products or services. If the consideration promised in a contract includes a variable amount, the Company estimates the amount to which it expects to be entitled using either the expected value or most likely amount method. The Company’s contracts may include terms that could cause variability in the transaction price, including, for example, revenue share, rebates, discounts, and variable fees based on performance.

The Company only includes estimated amounts of consideration in the transaction price to the extent it is probable that a significant reversal of cumulative revenue recognized will not occur when the uncertainty associated with the variable consideration is resolved. These estimates require management to make complex, difficult or subjective judgments, and to make estimates about the effect of matters inherently uncertain. As such, the Company may not be able to reliably estimate variable fees based on performance in certain long-term arrangements due to uncertainties that are not expected to be resolved for a long period of time or when the Company’s experience with similar types of contracts is limited. Estimates of variable consideration and the determination of whether to include estimated amounts of consideration in the transaction price are based on information (historical, current and forecasted) that is reasonably available to the Company, taking into consideration the type of customer, the type of transaction and

the specific facts and circumstances of each arrangement. Additionally, management performs periodic analyses to verify the accuracy of estimates for variable consideration.

Although the Company believes that its approach in developing estimates and reliance on certain judgments and underlying inputs is reasonable, actual results could differ which may result in exposure of increases or decreases in revenue that could be material.

Net Administrative Fees Revenue

Net administrative fees revenue is a single performance obligation earned through a series of distinct daily services and includes maintaining a network of members to participate in the group purchasing program and providing suppliers efficiency in contracting and access to the Company's members. Revenue is generated through administrative fees received from suppliers, which are estimated based on the total dollar volume of goods and services purchased by the Company's members in connection with its GPO programs and is included in service revenue in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income.

The Company, through its GPO programs, aggregates member purchasing power to negotiate pricing discounts and improve contract terms with suppliers. Contracted suppliers pay the Company administrative fees which generally represent 1% to 3% of the gross purchase price of goods and services sold to members under the contracts the Company has negotiated. Administrative fees are variable consideration and are recognized as earned based upon estimated purchases by the Company's members utilizing the Company's GPO supplier contracts. The Company estimates revenue using an estimated value approach using predictive analytics based on historical member spend and updates for current trends and expectations. Member and supplier contracts substantiate persuasive evidence of an arrangement. The Company does not take title to the underlying equipment or products purchased by members through its GPO supplier contracts. Administrative fee revenue receivable is included in contract assets in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet.

The Company pays revenue share equal to a percentage of gross administrative fees, which is estimated according to the members' contractual agreements with the Company using a portfolio approach based on historical revenue fee share percentages and adjusted for current or anticipated trends. Revenue share is recognized as a reduction to gross administrative fees revenue to arrive at a net administrative fees revenue, and the corresponding revenue share liability is included in revenue share obligations in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.

Product Revenue

Specialty pharmacy revenue is generated through a single performance obligation through dispensing prescription medication to customers. Revenue is recognized at a point in time as the prescription medication is dispensed to the customers and is recorded net of the estimated contractual adjustments under agreements with Medicare, Medicaid and other managed care plans. Consideration from specialty pharmacy is variable as payments for the products provided under such agreements vary from period to period and are based on defined allowable reimbursements rather than on the basis of standard billing rates. The difference between the standard billing rate and allowable reimbursement rate results in contractual adjustments which are recorded as deductions from the transaction price.

Direct sourcing generates revenue through products sold to distributors and to hospitals. Revenue is recognized once control of products has been transferred to members and is recorded net of discounts and rebates offered to customers. Discounts and rebates are estimated based on contractual terms and historical trends.

Other Services and Support Revenue

Within Performance Services, which provides technology with wrap-around service offerings, revenue consists of SaaS informatics products subscriptions, certain perpetual and term licenses, performance improvement collaborative and other service subscriptions, professional fees for consulting services, and insurance services management fees and commissions from group-sponsored insurance programs.

SaaS informatics subscriptions include the right to use the Company's proprietary hosted technology on a SaaS basis, training and member support to deliver improvements in cost management, quality and safety, value-based care and provider analytics. SaaS arrangements create a single performance obligation for each subscription within the contract in which the nature of the obligation is a stand-ready obligation, and each day of service meets the criteria for over time recognition. Pricing varies by application and size of healthcare system. Informatics subscriptions are generally three to five year agreements with automatic renewal clauses and annual price escalators that typically do not allow for early termination. These agreements do not allow for physical possession of the software. Subscription fees are typically billed on a monthly basis and revenue is recognized as a single deliverable on a straight-line basis over the remaining contractual period following implementation. Implementation involves the completion of data preparation services that are unique to each member's data set and, in certain cases, the installation of member site-specific

software, in order to access and transfer member data into the Company's hosted SaaS informatics products. Implementation is generally 60 to 240 days following contract execution before the SaaS informatics products can be fully utilized by the member.

The Company sells certain perpetual and term licenses that include professional services and post-contract customer support in the form of maintenance and support services. The license, professional services and maintenance services each represent a distinct promise and are identified as separate performance obligations. Pricing varies by application and size of healthcare system. Fees under these contracts include the license fees, professional services fees and the maintenance and support services fees. The Company recognizes the license fees upon delivery of the licenses, the professional services fees over the implementation period, and the maintenance and support services fees straight-line over the remaining contract term following implementation. Generally, implementation is approximately 240 days following contract execution before the products can be fully utilized by the member.

Revenue from performance improvement collaboratives and other service subscriptions that support the Company's offerings in cost management, quality and safety and value-based care is recognized over the service period as the services are provided, which is generally one year. Performance improvement collaboratives and other service subscriptions revenue is considered one performance obligation and is generated by providing customers access to online communities whereby data is housed and available for analytics and benchmarking.

Professional fees for consulting services are sold under contracts, the terms of which vary based on the nature of the engagement. These services typically include general consulting, report based consulting and cost savings initiatives. Promised services under such consulting engagements are typically not considered distinct and are regularly combined and accounted for as one performance obligation. Fees are billed as stipulated in the contract, and revenue is recognized on a proportional performance method as services are performed or when deliverables are provided. In situations where the contracts have significant contract performance guarantees, the performance guarantees are estimated and accounted for as a form of variable consideration when determining the transaction price. In the event that guaranteed savings levels are not achieved, the Company may have to perform additional services at no additional charge in order to achieve the guaranteed savings or pay the difference between the savings that were guaranteed and the actual achieved savings. Occasionally, our entitlement to consideration is predicated on the occurrence of an event such as the delivery of a report for which client acceptance is required. However, except for event-driven point-in-time transactions, the majority of services provided within this service line are delivered over time due to the continuous benefit provided to our customers.

Consulting arrangements can require significant estimates for the transaction price and estimated number of hours within an engagement. These estimates are based on the expected value which is derived from outcomes from historical contracts that are similar in nature and forecasted amounts based on anticipated savings for the new agreements. The transaction price is generally constrained until the target transaction price becomes more certain.

Insurance services management fees are recognized in the period in which such services are provided. Commissions from group sponsored insurance programs is earned by acting as an intermediary in the placement of effective insurance policies. Under this arrangement, revenue is recognized at a point in time on the effective date of the associated policies when control of the policy transfers to the customer and is constrained for estimated early terminations.

Certain administrative and/or patient management integrated pharmacy services are provided in situations where prescriptions are sent back to member health systems for dispensing. Additionally, the Company derives revenue from pharmaceutical manufacturers for providing patient education and utilization data. Revenue is recognized as these services are provided.

Multiple Deliverable Arrangements

The Company enters into agreements where the individual deliverables discussed above, such as SaaS subscriptions and consulting services, are bundled into a single service arrangement. These agreements are generally provided over a time period ranging from approximately three months to five years after the applicable contract execution date. Revenue, including both fixed and variable consideration, is allocated to the individual performance obligations within the arrangement based on the standalone selling price when it is sold separately in a stand-alone arrangement.

Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

The Company applied Topic 606 ("New Revenue Standard") using the modified retrospective method, which resulted in recognizing the cumulative effect of initially applying Topic 606 as an adjustment to the opening balance of equity at July 1, 2018 for contracts that were not complete at that date. Therefore, the comparative information has not been adjusted and continues to be reported under Topic 605 ("Previous Revenue Standard"). The following tables summarize the impacts of adopting Topic 606 on the Company's condensed consolidated financial statements for the three and six months ended December 31, 2018 (in thousands, except per share data). See Note 6 - Contract Balances and Note 17 - Segments for more information.

Cumulative Effect - Adoption of New Revenue Standard



	Impact of change in accounting principle
	June 30, 2018 As presented			Impact of new revenue standard			July 1, 2018 New revenue standard
Assets
Accounts receivable (net of $1,841 allowance for doubtful accounts)	$	185,874		$	(5,421	)	$	180,453
Contract assets	$	—		$	169,684		$	169,684
Total current assets	$	428,618		$	164,263		$	592,881
Deferred income tax assets	$	305,624		$	(7,106	)	$	298,518
Other assets	$	3,991		$	15,390		$	19,381
Total assets	$	2,312,216		$	172,547		$	2,484,763

Liabilities, redeemable limited partners' capital and stockholders' deficit
Revenue share obligations	$	78,999		$	43,880		$	122,879
Deferred revenue	$	39,785		$	(2,195	)	$	37,590
Total current liabilities	$	448,882		$	41,685		$	490,567
Deferred tax liabilities	$	17,569		$	3,597		$	21,166
Total liabilities	$	818,870		$	45,282		$	864,152

Accumulated deficit	$	(1,277,581	)	$	127,265		$	(1,150,316	)
Total stockholders' deficit	$	(1,427,064	)	$	127,265		$	(1,299,799	)
Total liabilities, redeemable limited partners' capital and stockholders' deficit	$	2,312,216		$	172,547		$	2,484,763

Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet - Selected Financial Data



	Impact of change in accounting principle
December 31, 2018	As presented			Impact of new revenue standard			Previous revenue standard
Assets
Accounts receivable (net of $3,187 allowance for doubtful accounts)	$	197,366		$	(11,696	)	$	209,062
Contract assets	$	208,254		$	208,254		$	—
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	$	27,259		$	(2,362	)	$	29,621
Total current assets	$	614,215		$	194,196		$	420,019
Deferred income tax assets	$	389,632		$	(5,425	)	$	395,057
Other assets	$	29,824		$	14,884		$	14,940
Total assets	$	2,644,851		$	203,655		$	2,441,196

Liabilities, redeemable limited partners' capital and stockholders' deficit
Revenue share obligations	$	130,163		$	49,878		$	80,285
Limited partners' distribution payable	$	14,288		$	3,966		$	10,322
Deferred revenue	$	33,874		$	(6,534	)	$	40,408
Other liabilities	$	8,438		$	2,556		$	5,882
Total current liabilities	$	514,688		$	49,866		$	464,822
Deferred tax liabilities	$	18,850		$	4,278		$	14,572
Total liabilities	$	941,600		$	54,144		$	887,456

Accumulated deficit	$	(794,070	)	$	149,511		$	(943,581	)
Total stockholders' deficit	$	(890,631	)	$	149,511		$	(1,040,142	)
Total liabilities, redeemable limited partners' capital and stockholders' deficit	$	2,644,851		$	203,655		$	2,441,196

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income



	Impact of change in accounting principle
	Three Months Ended December 31, 2018							Six Months Ended December 31, 2018
	As presented		Impact of new revenue standard			Previous revenue standard		As presented		Impact of new revenue standard			Previous revenue standard
Net revenue:
Net administrative fees	$	165,695	$	(4,061	)	$	169,756	$	327,695	$	11,123		$	316,572
Other services and support	98,643		8,278			90,365		186,719		13,657			173,062
Services	264,338		4,217			260,121		514,414		24,780			489,634
Products	157,519		(11,914		)	169,433		308,989		(23,876		)	332,865
Net revenue	421,857		(7,697		)	429,554		823,403		904			822,499



	Impact of change in accounting principle
	Three Months Ended December 31, 2018									Six Months Ended December 31, 2018
	As presented			Impact of new revenue standard			Previous revenue standard			As presented			Impact of new revenue standard			Previous revenue standard
Cost of revenue:
Services	43,189			(2,613		)	45,802			86,561			(4,546		)	91,107
Products	155,534			(10,927		)	166,461			301,155			(22,298		)	323,453
Cost of revenue	198,723			(13,540		)	212,263			387,716			(26,844		)	414,560
Gross profit	223,134			5,843			217,291			435,687			27,748			407,939
Operating expenses:
Selling, general and administrative	110,112			(1,270		)	111,382			215,982			(2,381		)	218,363
Research and development	292			—			292			632			—			632
Amortization of purchased intangible assets	13,899			—			13,899			27,537			—			27,537
Operating expenses	124,303			(1,270		)	125,573			244,151			(2,381		)	246,532
Operating income	98,831			7,113			91,718			191,536			30,129			161,407
Other income, net	7,784			—			7,784			7,845			—			7,845
Income before income taxes	106,615			7,113			99,502			199,381			30,129			169,252
Income tax expense (benefit)	1,804			2,158			(354		)	12,597			3,917			8,680
Net income	104,811			4,955			99,856			186,784			26,212			160,572
Net income attributable to non-controlling interest in Premier LP	(62,631		)	(3,213		)	(59,418		)	(117,744		)	(16,586		)	(101,158		)
Adjustment of redeemable limited partners' capital to redemption amount	651,709			2,048			649,661			(56,484		)	12,620			(69,104		)
Net income (loss) attributable to stockholders	$	693,889		$	3,790		$	690,099		$	12,556		$	22,246		$	(9,690	)

Weighted average shares outstanding:
Basic	59,876			59,876			59,876			56,548			56,548			56,548
Diluted	133,672			133,672			133,672			57,584			57,584			56,548

	Impact of change in accounting principle
	Three Months Ended December 31, 2018									Six Months Ended December 31, 2018
	As presented			Impact of new revenue standard			Previous revenue standard			As presented			Impact of new revenue standard			Previous revenue standard
Earnings (loss) per share attributable to stockholders:
Basic	$	11.59		$	0.06		$	11.53		$	0.22		$	0.39		$	(0.17	)
Diluted	$	0.69		$	0.03		$	0.66		$	0.22		$	0.39		$	(0.17	)

Condensed Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income



	Impact of change in accounting principle
	December 31, 2018									December 31, 2018
	As presented			Impact of new revenue standard			Previous revenue standard			As presented			Impact of new revenue standard			Previous revenue standard
Net income	$	104,811		$	4,955		$	99,856		$	186,784		$	26,212		$	160,572
Less: Comprehensive income attributable to non-controlling interest	(62,631		)	(3,213		)	(59,418		)	(117,744		)	(16,586		)	(101,158		)
Comprehensive income attributable to Premier, Inc.	$	42,180		$	1,742		$	40,438		$	69,040		$	9,626		$	59,414

Condensed Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows



	Impact of change in accounting principle
Six Months Ended December 31, 2018	As presented			Impact of new revenue standard			Previous revenue standard
Operating activities
Net income	$	186,784		$	26,212		$	160,572
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization	69,727			—			69,727
Equity in net income of unconsolidated affiliates	(4,134		)	—			(4,134		)
Deferred income taxes	2,643			(1,001		)	3,644
Stock-based compensation	13,911			—			13,911
Gain on FFF put and call rights	(7,567		)	—			(7,567		)
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Accounts receivable, contract assets, prepaid expenses and other current assets	(56,875		)	(29,932		)	(26,943		)
Other assets	2,882			506			2,376
Inventories	(3,893		)	—			(3,893		)
Accounts payable, accrued expenses, deferred revenue and other current liabilities	15,366			4,215			11,151
Long-term liabilities	(7,033		)	—			(7,033		)
Other operating activities	498			—			498
Net cash provided by operating activities	212,309			—			212,309
Net cash used in investing activities	(106,715		)	—			(106,715		)
Net cash used in financing activities	(147,396		)	—			(147,396		)
Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents	(41,802		)	—			(41,802		)
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year	152,386			—			152,386
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period	$	110,584		$	—		$	110,584

(3) BUSINESS ACQUISITIONS

Acquisition of Stanson

Stanson Health, Inc. ("Stanson") is a SaaS-based provider of clinical decision support tools that are integrated directly into the electronic health record workflow, providing real-time, patient-specific best practices at the point of care. On November 9, 2018, the Company, through its consolidated subsidiary PHSI, acquired 100% of the outstanding capital stock in Stanson through a

reverse subsidiary merger transaction for $51.5 million in cash. As a result of certain purchase price adjustments provided for in the purchase agreement, the adjusted purchase price was $55.5 million. The acquisition was funded with available cash on hand.

The acquisition provides the sellers and certain employees an earn-out opportunity of up to $15.0 million based on Stanson's successful commercial delivery of a SaaS tool on or prior to December 31, 2019 and achievement of certain revenue milestones for the calendar year ended December 31, 2020. As of December 31, 2018, the fair value of the earn-out liability was $4.5 million (see Note 5 - Fair Value Measurements).

The Company has accounted for the Stanson acquisition as a business combination whereby the purchase price was allocated to tangible and intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed based on their fair values. Total fair value assigned to the intangible assets acquired was $23.6 million, primarily comprised of developed software technology. The purchase price allocation for the Stanson acquisition is preliminary and subject to changes in the fair value of working capital and valuation of the assets acquired and the liabilities assumed.

The Stanson acquisition resulted in the recognition of $36.7 million of goodwill (see Note 8 - Goodwill) attributable to the anticipated profitability of Stanson. The Stanson acquisition was considered a stock purchase for tax purposes and accordingly, the Company expects the goodwill to not be deductible for tax purposes.

Pro forma results of operations for the acquisition have not been presented because the effects on revenue and net income were not material to our historic consolidated financial statements. The Company reports Stanson as part of its Performance Services segment.

(4) INVESTMENTS

Investments in Unconsolidated Affiliates

The Company's investments in unconsolidated affiliates consisted of the following (in thousands):



	Carrying Value				Equity in Net Income (Loss)
					Three Months Ended December 31,						Six Months Ended December 31,
	December 31, 2018		June 30, 2018		2018			2017			2018			2017
FFF	$	95,790	$	91,804	$	1,366		$	1,268		$	3,987		$	5,605
Bloodbuy	1,853		1,918		(40		)	(31		)	(65		)	(65		)
PharmaPoint	—		—		—			(107		)	—			(158		)
Other investments	446		331		118			127			212			127
Total investments	$	98,089	$	94,053	$	1,444		$	1,257		$	4,134		$	5,509

The Company, through its consolidated subsidiary, PSCI, held a 49% interest in FFF Enterprises, Inc. ("FFF") through its ownership of stock of FFF at December 31, 2018 and June 30, 2018. The Company records the fair value of the FFF put and call rights in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets (see Note 5 - Fair Value Measurements for additional information). The Company accounts for its investment in FFF using the equity method of accounting and includes the investment as part of the Supply Chain Services segment.

The Company, through its consolidated subsidiary, PSCI, held a 15% ownership interest in BloodSolutions, LLC ("Bloodbuy") through its ownership of Class B Membership Interests in Bloodbuy at December 31, 2018 and June 30, 2018. The Company accounts for its investment in Bloodbuy using the equity method of accounting as the Company has rights to appoint a Board member, and includes the investment as part of the Supply Chain Services segment.

The Company, through its consolidated subsidiary, PSCI, held a 28% ownership interest in PharmaPoint, LLC ("PharmaPoint") through its ownership of Class B Membership Interests in PharmaPoint at December 31, 2018 and June 30, 2018. During the year ended June 30, 2018, the Company determined that it was unlikely to recover its investment in PharmaPoint, and as a result recognized an other-than-temporary impairment of $4.0 million. The Company accounts for its investment in PharmaPoint using the equity method of accounting and includes the investment as part of the Supply Chain Services segment.

(5) FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS

Recurring Fair Value Measurements

The following table provides a summary of the Company's financial assets and liabilities which are measured at fair value on a recurring basis (in thousands):



	Fair Value of Financial Assets and Liabilities		Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1)		Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)		Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
December 31, 2018
Cash equivalents	$	2,286	$	2,286	$	—	$	—
FFF call right	431		—		—		431
Deferred compensation plan assets	43,981		43,981		—		—
Total assets	$	46,698	$	46,267	$	—	$	431
Earn-out liabilities	$	4,548	—		—		4,548
FFF put right	34,295		—		—		34,295
Total liabilities	$	38,843	$	—	$	—	$	38,843

June 30, 2018
Cash equivalents	$	62,684	$	62,684	$	—	$	—
FFF call right	610		—		—		610
Deferred compensation plan assets	48,215		48,215		—		—
Total assets	$	111,509	$	110,899	$	—	$	610
FFF put right	$	42,041	$	—	$	—	$	42,041
Total liabilities	$	42,041	$	—	$	—	$	42,041

Deferred compensation plan assets consisted of highly liquid mutual fund investments, which were classified as Level 1. The current portion of deferred compensation plan assets was included in prepaid expenses and other current assets ($4.2 million and $3.6 million at December 31, 2018 and June 30, 2018, respectively) in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.

Financial Instruments Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis Using Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)

FFF put and call rights

Pursuant to a shareholders' agreement entered into in connection with the Company's equity investment in FFF on July 26, 2016 (see Note 4 - Investments), which shareholders' agreement was amended and restated November 22, 2017, the majority shareholder of FFF has a put right that requires the Company to purchase (i) up to 50% of its interest in FFF, which is exercisable beginning on the fourth anniversary of the investment closing date, July 26, 2020, and (ii) all or a portion of its remaining interest in FFF 30 calendar days after December 31, 2020. Any such required purchases are to be made at a per share price equal to FFF's earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization ("EBITDA") over the twelve calendar months prior to the purchase date multiplied by a market adjusted multiple, adjusted for any outstanding debt and cash and cash equivalents ("Equity Value per Share"). In addition, under the amended and restated shareholders' agreement, the Company has a call right that requires the majority shareholder to sell its remaining interest in FFF to the Company, and is exercisable at any time within the later of 180 calendar days after the date of a Key Man Event (generally defined in the amended and restated shareholders' agreement as the resignation, termination for cause, death or disability of the majority shareholder) or after January 30, 2021. In the event that either of these rights are exercised, the purchase price for the additional interest in FFF will be at a per share price equal to the Equity Value per Share.

The fair values of the FFF put and call rights were determined based on the Equity Value per Share calculation using unobservable inputs, which included the estimated FFF put and call rights' expiration dates, the forecast of FFF's EBITDA over the option period, forecasted movements in the overall market and the likelihood of a Key Man Event. Significant changes to the Equity Value per Share resulting from changes in the unobservable inputs could have a significant impact on the fair values of the FFF put and call rights.

The Company recorded the FFF put and call rights within long-term other liabilities and long-term other assets, respectively, within the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. Net changes in the fair values of the FFF put and call rights were recorded within other expense in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income.

Earn-out liabilities

Earn-out liabilities were established in connection with acquisitions of Healthcare Insights, LLC on July 31, 2015, Inflow Health, LLC on October 1, 2015, Innovatix, LLC and Essensa Ventures, LLC, each on December 2, 2016 and Stanson on November 9, 2018. The earn-out liabilities were classified as Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy and their values were determined based on estimated future earnings and the probability of achieving them. Changes in the fair values of the earn-out liabilities were recorded within selling, general and administrative expenses in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income.

A reconciliation of the Company's FFF put and call rights and earn-out liabilities is as follows (in thousands):



	Beginning Balance		Purchases (Settlements)			Gain (Loss)			Ending Balance
Three Months Ended December 31, 2018
FFF call right	$	488	$	—		$	(57	)	$	431
Total Level 3 assets	$	488	$	—		$	(57	)	$	431
Earn-out liabilities	$	—	$	4,548		$	—		$	4,548
FFF put right	45,200		—			10,905			34,295
Total Level 3 liabilities	$	45,200	$	4,548		$	10,905		$	38,843

Three Months Ended December 31, 2017
FFF call right	$	4,593	$	—		$	(2,485	)	$	2,108
Total Level 3 assets	$	4,593	$	—		$	(2,485	)	$	2,108
Earn-out liabilities	$	21,675	$	(18,500	)	$	383		$	2,792
FFF put right	24,008		—			(13,102		)	37,110
Total Level 3 liabilities	$	45,683	$	(18,500	)	$	(12,719	)	$	39,902

Six Months Ended December 31, 2018
FFF call right	$	610	$	—		$	(179	)	$	431
Total Level 3 assets	$	610	$	—		$	(179	)	$	431
Earn-out liabilities	$	—	$	4,548		$	—		$	4,548
FFF put right	42,041		—			7,746			34,295
Total Level 3 liabilities	$	42,041	$	4,548		$	7,746		$	38,843

Six Months Ended December 31, 2017
FFF call right	$	4,655	$	—		$	(2,547	)	$	2,108
Total Level 3 assets	$	4,655	$	—		$	(2,547	)	$	2,108
Earn-out liabilities	$	21,310	$	(18,500	)	$	18		$	2,792
FFF put right	24,050		—			(13,060		)	37,110
Total Level 3 liabilities	$	45,360	$	(18,500	)	$	(13,042	)	$	39,902

Non-Recurring Fair Value Measurements

During the six months ended December 31, 2018, no non-recurring fair value measurements were required relating to the measurement of goodwill and intangible assets for impairment. However, purchase price allocations required significant non-recurring Level 3 inputs. The preliminary fair values of the acquired intangible assets resulting from the acquisition of Stanson were determined using the income approach (see Note 3 - Business Acquisitions).

Financial Instruments For Which Fair Value Only is Disclosed

The fair values of non-interest bearing notes payable, classified as Level 2, were less than their carrying values by approximately $0.6 million at both December 31, 2018 and June 30, 2018 based on assumed market interest rates of 4.0% and 3.6%, respectively.

Other Financial Instruments

The fair values of cash, accounts receivable, accounts payable, accrued liabilities and the Company's Credit Facility approximated carrying value due to the short-term nature of these financial instruments.

(6) CONTRACT BALANCES

Contract Assets, Deferred Revenue and Revenue Share Obligations

The timing of revenue recognition, billings and cash collections results in accounts receivables, contract assets (unbilled receivables) and deferred revenue on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. The $208.3 million increase in contract assets from June 30, 2018 to December 31, 2018 was largely attributable to the establishment of $169.7 million in contract assets upon adoption of the New Revenue Standard of which $141.5 million was for Supply Chain Services and $28.2 million was for Performance Services. Subsequent to adoption of the New Revenue Standard, Supply Chain Services contract assets increased an additional $23.4 million, which represents changes in the Company's estimated revenue for which cash has not yet been collected associated with net administrative fees for the current period. Performance Services contract assets increased $15.2 million primarily due to the acceleration of revenue recognition from licensing and certain consulting services contracts which represents performance obligations that have been satisfied prior to customer invoicing. Performance Services contract assets also increased due to the timing of payments related to certain cost management consulting services and performance-based engagements where revenue is recognized as work is performed.

The $51.2 million increase in revenue share obligation from June 30, 2018 to December 31, 2018 is largely a function of the aforementioned increases in contract assets and the underlying revenue share arrangements associated with the Company's GPO participation agreements.

Revenue recognized during the six months ended December 31, 2018 that was included in the opening balance of deferred revenue at June 30, 2018 was approximately $22.0 million, which is a result of satisfying performance obligations within the Performance Services segment.

Performance Obligations

A performance obligation is a promise to transfer a distinct good or service to a customer. A contract's transaction price is allocated to each distinct performance obligation and recognized as revenue when, or as, the performance obligation is satisfied. Contracts may have a single performance obligation as the promise to transfer individual goods or services is not separately identifiable from other promises and, therefore, not distinct; while other contracts may have multiple performance obligations, most commonly due to the contract covering multiple phases or deliverable arrangements (licensing fees, implementation fees, maintenance and support fees, professional fees for consulting services), including certain performance guarantees.

Net revenue recognized during the three months ended December 31, 2018 from performance obligations that were satisfied or partially satisfied on or before September 30, 2018 was $6.4 million. This was driven primarily by $3.1 million associated with revised forecasts underlying contracts that include variable consideration components and $3.3 million of net administrative fees revenue related to under-forecasted cash receipts received in the current period. Net revenue recognized during the six months ended December 31, 2018 from performance obligations that were satisfied or partially satisfied on or before June 30, 2018 was $8.9 million. This was driven primarily by $4.1 million associated with revised forecasts underlying contracts that include variable consideration components and $4.8 million of net administrative fees revenue related to under-forecasted cash receipts received in the current period.

Remaining performance obligations represent the portion of the transaction price that has not yet been satisfied or achieved. As of December 31, 2018, the aggregate amount of the transaction price allocated to remaining performance obligations was approximately $475.8 million. The Company expects to recognize approximately 50% of the remaining performance obligations over the next 12 months and an additional 25% over the following 12 months, with the remainder recognized thereafter.

Contract Costs

The Company is required to capitalize the incremental costs of obtaining and fulfilling a contract, which include sales commissions and costs associated with implementing SaaS informatics tools. At December 31, 2018, the Company had $14.9 million in capitalized contract costs, including $9.1 million related to implementation costs and $5.8 million related to sales commissions.

The Company had $1.7 million and $3.5 million of related amortization expense for the three and six months ended December 31, 2018.

(7) INTANGIBLE ASSETS, NET

Intangible assets, net consisted of the following (in thousands):



	Useful Life	December 31, 2018			June 30, 2018
Member relationships	14.7 years	$	220,100		$	220,100
Technology	5.9 years	164,217			142,317
Customer relationships	8.2 years	49,320			48,120
Trade names	8.3 years	22,910			22,710
Distribution network	10.0 years	22,400			22,400
Favorable lease commitments	10.1 years	11,393			11,393
Non-compete agreements	5.8 years	9,030			8,710
Total intangible assets		499,370			475,750
Accumulated amortization		(181,171		)	(153,635		)
Intangible assets, net		$	318,199		$	322,115

The increase in total intangible assets was due to the acquisition of Stanson in November 2018 (see Note 3 - Business Acquisitions). Intangible asset amortization totaled $13.9 million and $13.8 million for the three months ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively, and $27.5 million and $27.7 million for the six months ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively.

(8) GOODWILL

Goodwill consisted of the following (in thousands):



	Supply Chain Services		Performance Services		Total
June 30, 2018	$	400,348	$	506,197	$	906,545
Stanson	—		36,736		36,736
December 31, 2018	$	400,348	$	542,933	$	943,281

The initial purchase price allocations for the Company's acquisition of Stanson is preliminary and subject to changes in fair value of working capital and valuation of the assets acquired and the liabilities assumed. See Note 3 - Business Acquisitions for more information.

(9) DEBT

Long-term debt consisted of the following (in thousands):



	Commitment Amount		Due Date	December 31, 2018			June 30, 2018
Credit Facility	$	1,000,000	November 9, 2023	$	100,000		$	100,000
Notes payable	—		Various	7,409			7,212
Total debt				107,409			107,212
Less: current portion				(102,302		)	(100,250		)
Total long-term debt				$	5,107		$	6,962

Credit Facility

Premier LP, along with its consolidated subsidiaries, PSCI and PHSI, as Co-Borrowers, Premier GP and certain domestic subsidiaries of Premier GP, as guarantors, entered into an unsecured Credit Facility, dated as of November 9, 2018. The Credit Facility has a maturity date of November 9, 2023, subject to up to two one-year extensions at the request of the Co-Borrowers and approval of a majority of the lenders under the Credit Facility. The Credit Facility provides for borrowings of up to $1.0 billion with (i) a $50.0 million sub-facility for standby letters of credit and (ii) a $100.0 million sub-facility for swingline loans. The Credit Facility also provides that Co-Borrowers may from time to time (i) incur incremental term loans and (ii) request an increase in the revolving commitments under the Credit Facility, together up to an aggregate of $350.0 million, subject to the approval of the lenders providing such term loans or revolving commitment increases. The Credit Facility includes an unconditional and irrevocable guaranty of all obligations under the Credit Facility by Premier GP, certain domestic subsidiaries of Premier GP and future guarantors, if any. Premier, Inc. is not a guarantor under the Credit Facility.

The Credit Facility replaced our then existing Credit Facility dated June 24, 2014 and amended as of June 4, 2015 (the "Prior Loan Agreement"). The Prior Loan Agreement included a $750.0 million unsecured revolving credit facility and was scheduled to mature on June 24, 2019. At the time of its termination, outstanding borrowings, accrued interest and fees and expenses under the Prior Loan Agreement totaled approximately $100.7 million, which was repaid with cash on hand and borrowings under the new Credit Facility.

At the Company's option, committed loans may be in the form of Eurodollar rate loans ("Eurodollar Loans") or base rate loans ("Base Rate Loans"). Eurodollar Loans bear interest at the Eurodollar rate (defined as the London Interbank Offered Rate, or LIBOR, plus the Applicable Rate (defined as a margin based on the Consolidated Total Net Leverage Ratio (as defined in the Credit Facility))). Base Rate Loans bear interest at the Base Rate (defined as the highest of the prime rate announced by the administrative agent, the federal funds effective rate plus 0.50%, the one-month LIBOR plus 1.0% and 0.0%) plus the Applicable Rate. The Applicable Rate ranges from 1.000% to 1.500% for Eurodollar Loans and 0.000% to 0.500% for Base Rate Loans. At December 31, 2018, the interest rate for three-month Eurodollar Loans was 3.808% and the interest rate for Base Rate Loans was 5.500%. The Co-Borrowers are required to pay a commitment fee ranging from 0.100% to 0.200% per annum on the actual daily unused amount of commitments under the Credit Facility. At December 31, 2018, the commitment fee was 0.100%.

The Credit Facility contains customary representations and warranties as well as customary affirmative and negative covenants, including, among others, limitations on liens, indebtedness, fundamental changes, dispositions, restricted payments and investments. Under the terms of the Credit Facility, Premier GP is not permitted to allow its consolidated total net leverage ratio (as defined in the Credit Facility) to exceed 3.75 to 1.00 for any period of four consecutive quarters, provided that, in connection with any acquisition for which the aggregate consideration exceeds $250.0 million, the maximum consolidated total net leverage ratio may be increased to 4.25 to 1.00 for the four consecutive fiscal quarters beginning with the quarter in which such acquisition is completed. In addition, Premier GP must maintain a minimum consolidated interest coverage ratio (as defined in the Credit Facility) of 2.50 to 1.00 at the end of every fiscal quarter. Premier GP was in compliance with all such covenants at December 31, 2018.

The Credit Facility also contains customary events of default including, among others, payment defaults, breaches of representations and warranties, covenant defaults, cross-defaults of any indebtedness or guarantees in excess of $75.0 million, bankruptcy and other insolvency events, ERISA-related liabilities and judgment defaults in excess of $50.0 million, and the occurrence of a change of control (as defined in the Credit Facility). If any event of default occurs and is continuing, the administrative agent under the Credit Facility may, with the consent, or shall, at the request of a majority of the lenders under the Credit Facility, terminate the commitments and declare all of the amounts owed under the Credit Facility to be immediately due and payable. The Company may prepay amounts outstanding under the Credit Facility without premium or penalty provided that Co-Borrowers compensate the lenders for losses and expenses incurred as a result of the prepayment of any Eurodollar Loan, as defined in the Credit Facility.

Proceeds from borrowings under the Credit Facility may generally be used to finance ongoing working capital requirements, including permitted acquisitions, discretionary cash settlements of Class B unit exchanges under the Exchange Agreement, repurchases of Class A common stock pursuant to stock repurchase programs, and other general corporate activities. The Company had outstanding borrowings under the Credit Facility of $100.0 million at December 31, 2018.

Notes Payable

At December 31, 2018 and June 30, 2018, the Company had $7.4 million and $7.2 million in notes payable, respectively, consisting primarily of non-interest bearing notes payable outstanding to departed member owners, of which $2.3 million and $0.2 million, respectively, were included in current portion of long-term debt and $5.1 million and $7.0 million, respectively, were included in long-term debt, less current portion, in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. Notes payable generally have stated maturities of five years from their date of issuance.

(10) REDEEMABLE LIMITED PARTNERS' CAPITAL

Redeemable limited partners' capital represents the member owners' 53% ownership of Premier LP through their ownership of Class B common units at December 31, 2018. The member owners hold the majority of the votes of the Board of Directors and any redemption or transfer or choice of consideration cannot be assumed to be within the control of the Company. Therefore, redeemable limited partners' capital is recorded at the greater of the book value or redemption amount per the Amended and Restated Limited Partnership Agreement of Premier LP (as amended, the "LP Agreement"), and is calculated as the fair value of all Class B common units as if immediately exchangeable into Class A common shares. For the six months ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, the Company recorded adjustments to the fair value of redeemable limited partners' capital as an adjustment of redeemable limited partners' capital to redemption amount in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income in the amounts of $(56.5) million and $638.3 million, respectively.

Redeemable limited partners' capital is classified as temporary equity in the mezzanine section of the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as, pursuant to the LP Agreement, withdrawal is at the option of each member owner and the conditions of the repurchase are not solely within the Company's control.

The table below provides a summary of the changes in the redeemable limited partners' capital from June 30, 2018 to December 31, 2018 (in thousands):



	Receivables From Limited Partners			Redeemable Limited Partners' Capital			Total Redeemable Limited Partners' Capital
June 30, 2018	$	(2,205	)	$	2,922,615		$	2,920,410
Distributions applied to receivables from limited partners	853			—			853
Redemption of limited partners	—			(448		)	(448		)
Net income attributable to non-controlling interest in Premier LP	—			117,744			117,744
Distributions to limited partners	—			(29,281		)	(29,281		)
Exchange of Class B common units for Class A common stock by member owners	—			(471,880		)	(471,880		)
Adjustment of redeemable limited partners' capital to redemption amount	—			56,484			56,484
December 31, 2018	$	(1,352	)	$	2,595,234		$	2,593,882

Receivables from limited partners represent amounts due from limited partners for their required capital in Premier LP. These receivables are either interest bearing notes that were issued to new limited partners or non-interest bearing loans (contribution loans) provided to existing limited partners. These receivables are reflected as a reduction to redeemable limited partners' capital so that amounts due from limited partners for capital are not reflected as redeemable limited partnership capital until paid. No interest bearing notes receivable were executed by limited partners of Premier LP during the six months ended December 31, 2018.

During the six months ended December 31, 2018, two limited partners withdrew from Premier LP. The limited partnership agreement provides Premier LP with an option to redeem former limited partners' Class B common units that are not eligible for exchange, upon payment of a specified redemption amount paid in the form of a five-year, unsecured, non-interest bearing term promissory note, a cash payment equal to the present value of the redemption amount, or other mutually agreed upon terms. Partnership interest obligations to former limited partners are reflected in notes payable in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. Under the Exchange Agreement, Class B common units that are eligible for exchange by withdrawing limited partners must be exchanged in the subsequent quarter's exchange process.

Premier LP's distribution policy requires cash distributions as long as taxable income is generated and cash is available to distribute on a quarterly basis prior to the 60^th day after the end of each calendar quarter. The Company makes quarterly distributions to its limited partners in the form of a legal partnership income distribution governed by the terms of the LP Agreement. These partner distributions are based on the limited partner's ownership in Premier LP and relative participation across Premier service offerings. While these distributions are based on relative participation across Premier service offerings, they are not based directly on revenue generated from an individual partner's participation as the distributions are based on the net income (loss) of the partnership which encompasses the operating expenses of the partnership as well as participation by non-owner members in Premier's service offerings. To the extent Premier LP incurred a net loss, the limited partners would not receive a quarterly distribution. As provided in the LP Agreement, the amount of actual cash distributed may be reduced by the amount of such distributions used by limited partners to offset contribution loans or other amounts payable to the Company.

Quarterly distributions made to limited partners during the current fiscal year are as follows (in thousands):



Date	Distribution ^(a)
August 23, 2018	$	15,465
November 21, 2018	$	14,993

(a)

Distributions are equal to Premier LP's total taxable income from the preceding fiscal quarter-to-date period for each respective distribution date multiplied by the Company's standalone effective combined federal, state and local income tax rate for each respective distribution date. Premier LP expects to make a $14.3 million quarterly distribution on or before February 28, 2019. The distribution is reflected in limited partners' distribution payable in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets at December 31, 2018.

Pursuant to the Exchange Agreement (see Note 1 - Organization and Basis of Presentation for more information), each limited partner has the cumulative right to exchange up to one-seventh of its initial allocation of Class B common units for shares of Class A common stock, cash or a combination of both, the form of consideration to be at the discretion of the Company's Audit and Compliance Committee. During the six months ended December 31, 2018, the Company recorded total reductions of $471.9 million to redeemable limited partners' capital to reflect the exchange of approximately 10.6 million Class B common units and surrender of associated shares of Class B common stock by member owners for a like number of shares of the Company's Class A common stock (see Note 12 - Earnings (Loss) Per Share for more information). Quarterly exchanges during the current fiscal year were as follows (in thousands, except Class B common units).



Date of Quarterly Exchange	Number of Class B Common Units Exchanged	Reduction in Redeemable Limited Partners' Capital
July 31, 2018	816,468	$	30,536
October 31, 2018	9,807,651	441,344
Total	10,624,119	$	471,880

(11) STOCKHOLDERS' DEFICIT

As of December 31, 2018, there were 61,286,582 shares of the Company's Class A common stock, par value $0.01 per share, and 69,484,147 shares of the Company's Class B common stock, par value $0.000001 per share, outstanding.

On May 7, 2018, the Company's Board of Directors approved the repurchase of up to $250.0 million of our Class A common stock during fiscal year 2019 as a continuation of our balanced capital deployment strategy. Subject to certain terms and conditions, repurchases may be made from time to time through open market purchases or privately negotiated transactions at our discretion, and in accordance with applicable federal securities laws. As of December 31, 2018, the Company had purchased approximately 2.9 million shares of Class A common stock at an average price of $38.13 per share for a total purchase price of approximately $109.5 million. The repurchase authorization may be expanded, suspended, delayed or discontinued at any time at the discretion of the Company's Board of Directors.

Holders of Class A common stock are entitled to (i) one vote for each share held of record on all matters submitted to a vote of stockholders, (ii) receive dividends, when and if declared by the Board of Directors out of funds legally available, subject to any statutory or contractual restrictions on the payment of dividends and subject to any restrictions on the payment of dividends imposed by the terms of any outstanding preferred stock or any class of series of stock having a preference over or the right to participate with the Class A common stock with respect to the payment of dividends or other distributions and (iii) receive pro rata, based on the number of shares of Class A common stock held, the remaining assets available for distribution upon the dissolution or liquidation of Premier, after payment in full of all amounts required to be paid to creditors and to the holders of preferred stock having liquidation preferences, if any.

Holders of Class B common stock are entitled to one vote for each share held of record on all matters submitted to a vote of stockholders, but are not entitled to receive dividends, other than dividends payable in shares of Premier's common stock, or to receive a distribution upon the dissolution or a liquidation of Premier. Pursuant to the terms of a voting trust agreement by and among the Company, Premier LP, the holders of Class B common stock and Wells Fargo Delaware Trust Company, N.A., as the trustee, the trustee will vote all of the Class B common stock as a block in the manner determined by the plurality of the votes received by the trustee from the member owners for the election of directors to serve on the Board of Directors, and by a majority of the votes received by the trustee from the member owners for all other matters. Class B common stock will not be listed on any stock exchange and, except in connection with any permitted sale or transfer of Class B common units, cannot be sold or transferred.

(12) EARNINGS (LOSS) PER SHARE

Basic earnings per share of Premier is computed by dividing net income attributable to stockholders by the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding for the period. Net income attributable to stockholders includes the adjustment recorded in the period to reflect redeemable limited partners' capital at the redemption amount, as a result of the exchange benefit obtained by limited partners through the ownership of Class B common units. Except when the effect would be anti-dilutive, the diluted earnings (loss) per share calculation, which is calculated using the treasury stock method, includes the impact of shares that could be issued under the outstanding stock options, non-vested restricted stock units and awards, shares of non-vested performance share awards and the effect of the assumed redemption of Class B common units through the issuance of Class A common shares.

The following table provides a reconciliation of the numerator and denominator used for basic and diluted earnings (loss) per share (in thousands, except per share amounts):



	Three Months Ended December 31,									Six Months Ended December 31,
	2018			2018			2017			2018		2018			2017
	As presented			Previous revenue standard ^(a)						As presented		Previous revenue standard ^(a)
Numerator for basic earnings (loss) per share:
Net income (loss) attributable to stockholders	$	693,889		$	690,099		$	281,200		$	12,556	$	(9,690	)	$	617,630

Numerator for diluted earnings (loss) per share:
Net income (loss) attributable to stockholders	$	693,889		$	690,099		$	281,200		$	12,556	$	(9,690	)	$	617,630
Adjustment of redeemable limited partners' capital to redemption amount	(651,709		)	(649,661		)	(317,916		)	—		—			(638,340		)
Net income attributable to non-controlling interest in Premier LP	62,631			59,418			56,485			—		—			101,095
Net income (loss)	104,811			99,856			19,769			12,556		(9,690		)	80,385
Tax effect on Premier, Inc. net income ^(b)	(12,779		)	(11,685		)	(11,322		)	—		—			(29,478		)
Adjusted net income (loss)	$	92,032		$	88,171		$	8,447		$	12,556	$	(9,690	)	$	50,907

Denominator for basic earnings (loss) per share:
Weighted average shares ^(c)	59,876			59,876			55,209			56,548		56,548			54,059

Denominator for diluted earnings (loss) per share:
Weighted average shares ^(c)	59,876			59,876			55,209			56,548		56,548			54,059
Effect of dilutive securities: ^(d)
Stock options	727			727			189			709		—			270
Restricted stock	278			278			261			327		—			283
Class B shares outstanding	72,791			72,791			83,578			—		—			85,029
Weighted average shares and assumed conversions	133,672			133,672			139,237			57,584		56,548			139,641

Basic earnings (loss) per share ^(e)	$	11.59		$	11.53		$	5.09		$	0.22	$	(0.17	)	$	11.43
Diluted earnings (loss) per share ^(e)	$	0.69		$	0.66		$	0.06		$	0.22	$	(0.17	)	$	0.36


(a)	The Company adopted Topic 606 effective July 1, 2018, while comparative results are presented under Topic 605. Refer to Note 2 - Significant Accounting Policies for more information.


(b)	Represents income tax expense related to Premier, Inc. retaining the portion of net income attributable to income from non-controlling interest in Premier, LP for the purpose of diluted earnings (loss) per share.


(c)	Weighted average number of common shares used for basic earnings (loss) per share excludes weighted average shares of non-vested stock options, non-vested restricted stock, non-vested performance share awards and Class B shares outstanding for the three and six months ended December 31, 2018 and 2017.

(d)

For the three months ended December 31, 2018, the effect of 0.1 million stock options and restricted stock units was excluded from diluted weighted average shares outstanding as they had an anti-dilutive effect, and the effect of 0.7 million performance share awards was excluded from diluted weighted average shares outstanding as they had not satisfied the applicable performance criteria at the end of the period.

For the six months ended December 31, 2018, the effect of 0.1 million stock options and restricted stock units was excluded from diluted weighted average shares outstanding as they had an anti-dilutive effect. Under the New Revenue Standard, the effect of 76.3 million Class B common units exchangeable for Class A common shares were excluded from diluted weighted average shares outstanding as they had an anti-dilutive effect. Under the Previous Revenue Standard, the effect of 76.3 million Class B common units exchangeable for Class A common shares and 1.0 million stock options and restricted stock units was excluded from diluted weighted average shares outstanding due to the net loss attributable to stockholders sustained for the period and as including them would have an anti-dilutive effect for the period. Additionally, the effect of 0.7 million performance share awards was excluded from diluted weighted average shares outstanding as they had not satisfied the applicable performance criteria at the end of the period.

For the three and six months ended December 31, 2017, the effect of 2.2 million stock options was excluded from diluted weighted average shares outstanding as they had an anti-dilutive effect, and the effect of 0.5 million performance share awards was excluded from diluted weighted average shares outstanding as they had not satisfied the applicable performance criteria at the end of the period.

(e)

We have corrected prior period information within the current period financial statements related to a specific component used in calculating the tax effect on Premier, Inc. net income for purposes of diluted earnings per share. Diluted earnings (loss) per share for the three months ended December 31, 2017 was previously stated at ($1.66) per share and has been corrected to $0.06 per share. Diluted earnings (loss) per share for the six months ended December 31, 2017 was previously stated at ($1.30) per share and has been corrected to $0.36 per share. We believe the correction is immaterial and the corrected amount had no impact on our overall financial condition, results of operations or cash flows.

Pursuant to the terms of the Exchange Agreement, on a quarterly basis, the Company has the option, as determined by the Audit and Compliance Committee, to settle the exchange of Class B common units of Premier LP by member owners for cash, an equal number of Class A common shares of Premier, Inc. or a combination of cash and shares of Class A common stock. In connection with the exchange of Class B common units by member owners, regardless of the consideration used to settle the exchange, an equal number of shares of Premier's Class B common stock are surrendered by member owners and retired (see Note 10 - Redeemable Limited Partners' Capital). The following table presents certain information regarding the exchange of Class B common units and associated Class B common stock for Premier's Class A common stock and/or cash in connection with the quarterly exchanges pursuant to the terms of the Exchange Agreement, including activity related to the Class A and Class B common units and Class A and Class B common stock through the date of the applicable quarterly exchange:



Quarterly Exchange by Member Owners	Class B Common Shares Retired Upon Exchange^(a)	Class B Common Shares Outstanding After Exchange ^(a)	Class A Common Shares Outstanding After Exchange ^(b)	Percentage of Combined Voting Power Class B/Class A Common Stock
July 31, 2018	816,468	79,519,233	53,256,897	60%/40%
October 31, 2018	9,807,651	69,601,752	63,734,585	53%/47%
January 31, 2019 ^(c)	3,705,459	65,778,688	63,841,210	51%/49%


(a)	The number of Class B common shares retired or outstanding is equivalent to the number of Class B common units retired upon exchange or outstanding after the exchange, as applicable.


(b)	The number of Class A common shares outstanding after exchange also includes activity related to the Company's share repurchase program (see Note 11 - Stockholders' Deficit), equity incentive plan (see Note 13 - Stock-Based Compensation) and departed member owners (see Note 10 - Redeemable Limited Partners' Capital).


(c)	As the quarterly exchange occurred on January 31, 2019, the impact of the exchange is not reflected in the condensed consolidated financial statements for the quarter ended December 31, 2018. The Company utilized 3,500,000 treasury shares to facilitate a portion of this exchange, and as a result had 322,090 Class A common shares held in treasury as of January 31, 2019, after the exchange.

(13) STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION

Stock-based compensation expense is recognized over the requisite service period, which generally equals the stated vesting period. Pre-tax stock-based compensation expense was $7.7 million and $8.9 million for the three months ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively, with a resulting deferred tax benefit of $1.9 million and $2.2 million, respectively. Pre-tax stock-based compensation expense was $13.9 million and $17.7 million for the six months ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively, with a resulting deferred tax benefit of $3.4 million and $4.4 million, respectively. The deferred tax benefit was calculated at a rate of 25%, which represents the expected effective income tax rate at the time of the compensation expense deduction primarily at PHSI, and differs from the Company's current effective income tax rate which includes the impact of partnership income not subject to federal and state income taxes. The decrease in the deferred tax benefit is a result of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act, which was enacted on December 22, 2017 (see Note 14 - Income Taxes).

Premier 2013 Equity Incentive Plan

The Premier 2013 Equity Incentive Plan, as amended and restated (and including any further amendments thereto, the "2013 Equity Incentive Plan") provides for grants of up to 14.8 million shares of Class A common stock, all of which are eligible to be issued as non-qualified stock options, incentive stock options, stock appreciation rights, restricted stock, restricted stock units or performance share awards. As of December 31, 2018, there were 6.6 million shares available for grant under the 2013 Equity Incentive Plan.

The following table includes information related to restricted stock, performance share awards and stock options for the six months ended December 31, 2018:



	Restricted Stock				Performance Share Awards				Stock Options
	Number of Awards		Weighted Average Fair Value at Grant Date		Number of Awards		Weighted Average Fair Value at Grant Date		Number of Options		Weighted Average Exercise Price
Outstanding at June 30, 2018	605,873		$	33.25	1,318,047		$	33.00	3,499,251		$	30.53
Granted	230,830		$	44.13	589,011		$	43.36	—		$	—
Vested/exercised	(183,325	)	$	35.26	(359,751	)	$	35.43	(378,013	)	$	32.27
Forfeited	(23,497	)	$	34.23	(57,308	)	$	34.15	(38,906	)	$	32.56
Outstanding at December 31, 2018	629,881		$	36.62	1,489,999		$	36.46	3,082,332		$	30.30

Stock options outstanding and exercisable at December 31, 2018									2,604,897		$	29.91

Restricted stock units and restricted stock awards issued and outstanding generally vest over a three-year period for employees and a one-year period for directors. Performance share awards issued and outstanding generally vest over a three-year period if performance targets are met. Stock options have a term of ten years from the date of grant. Vested stock options will expire either after twelve months of an employee's termination with Premier or immediately upon an employee's termination with Premier, depending on the termination circumstances. Stock options generally vest in equal annual installments over three years.

Unrecognized stock-based compensation expense at December 31, 2018 was as follows (in thousands):



	Unrecognized Stock-Based Compensation Expense		Weighted Average Amortization Period
Restricted stock	$	13,629	2.24 years
Performance share awards	32,084		2.07 years
Stock options	4,070		1.44 years
Total unrecognized stock-based compensation expense	$	49,783	2.06 years

The aggregate intrinsic value of stock options at December 31, 2018 was as follows (in thousands):



	Intrinsic Value of Stock Options
Outstanding and exercisable	$	19,400,127
Expected to vest	2,355,301
Total outstanding	$	21,755,428

Exercised during the six months ended December 31, 2018	$	4,141,405

The Company estimated the fair value of each stock option on the date of grant using a Black-Scholes option-pricing model, applying the following assumptions, and amortized expense over each option's vesting period using the straight-line attribution approach:



	Six Months Ended December 31, 2017
Expected life ^(a)	6 years
Expected dividend ^(b)	—
Expected volatility ^(c)	29.92% - 32.26%
Risk-free interest rate ^(d)	1.89% - 2.14%
Weighted average option grant date fair value	$9.48 - $11.42


(a)	The six-year expected life (estimated period of time outstanding) of stock options granted was estimated using the "Simplified Method" which utilizes the midpoint between the vesting date and the end of the contractual term. This method was utilized for the stock options due to the lack of historical exercise behavior of Premier's employees.


(b)	No dividends are expected to be paid over the contractual term of the stock options granted, resulting in the use of a zero expected dividend rate.


(c)	The expected volatility rate is based on the observed historical volatilities of comparable companies.


(d)	The risk-free interest rate was interpolated from the five-year and seven-year Constant Maturity Treasury rate published by the United States Treasury as of the date of the grant.

(14) INCOME TAXES

The Company's income tax expense is attributable to the activities of the Company, PHSI and PSCI, all of which are subchapter C corporations and are subject to U.S. federal and state income taxes. In contrast, under the provisions of federal and state laws, Premier LP is not subject to federal and state income taxes as the income realized by Premier LP is taxable to its partners.

As a result of the TCJA that was enacted on December 22, 2017, the U.S. federal corporate income tax rate was reduced from 35% to 21%. In accordance with U.S. GAAP, the impact of changes in tax rates and tax laws is recognized as a component of income tax expense from continuing operations in the period of enactment. The Company has remeasured its deferred tax balances and recorded net provisional tax expense of $210.4 million in fiscal year 2018. During the first quarter of fiscal year 2019, the Company evaluated the impact of the TCJA with respect to the amendments to Section 162(m) based on the issuance of additional guidance by the Internal Revenue Service. The Company concluded no adjustment to its deferred tax balances is required. During the second quarter of fiscal year 2019, the Company further analyzed state tax conformity with respect to the net operating losses as amended by the TCJA, and as a result, recorded $0.5 million of tax benefit attributable to valuation allowance release. During the second quarter of fiscal year 2019, the Company completed its accounting for the income tax effects of the TCJA. To date, the Company has recorded $209.9 million in income tax expense associated with the enactment of the TCJA.

Income tax expense for the three months ended December 31, 2018 and 2017 was $1.8 million and $231.5 million, respectively, which reflects effective tax rates of 2% and 92%, respectively. Income tax expense for the six months ended December 31, 2018 and 2017 was $12.6 million and $244.3 million, respectively, which reflects effective tax rates of 6% and 75%, respectively. The decrease in effective tax rates is primarily attributable to the deferred tax remeasurement related to the aforementioned decrease in the U.S. federal corporate income tax rate from 35% to 21% during the six months ended December 31, 2017. The Company's effective tax rates differ from income taxes recorded using a statutory rate largely due to Premier LP income, which is not subject to federal, state or local income taxes as well as reductions in valuation allowances associated with deferred tax assets at PHSI.

The Company's existing reserve for uncertain income tax positions decreased $12.2 million during the second quarter of fiscal year 2019, primarily due to the closing of certain audits.

Net deferred tax assets increased $82.7 million to $370.8 million at December 31, 2018 from $288.1 million at June 30, 2018. The current period balance was comprised of $389.6 million in deferred tax assets at Premier, Inc., offset by $18.8 million in deferred tax liabilities at PHSI and PSCI. The increase in net deferred tax assets from the prior period was largely driven by $101.2 million deferred tax assets generated by the member exchanges that occurred during the six months ended December 31, 2018, offset by $10.7 million in net reductions to deferred tax assets and liabilities in connection with the adoption and transition to the New Revenue Standard.

The Company's TRA liabilities represent a payable to the limited partners for 85% of the tax savings the Company expects to receive, if any, in U.S. federal, foreign, state and local income and franchise tax that may be realized (or deemed to realize, in the case of payments required to be made upon certain occurrences under such TRAs) in connection with the Section 754 election by

Premier LP. Tax savings are generated as a result of the increase in tax basis resulting from the initial sale of Class B common units, subsequent exchanges (pursuant to the Exchange Agreement) and payments under the TRA. The election results in adjustments to the tax basis of the assets of Premier LP upon member owner exchanges of Class B common units of Premier LP for Class A common stock of Premier, Inc. or cash. TRA liabilities increased $68.0 million to $323.1 million at December 31, 2018 from $255.1 million at June 30, 2018. The change in TRA liabilities was driven primarily by the $87.9 million increase in TRA liabilities in connection with the quarterly member owner exchanges that occurred during the six months ended December 31, 2018, partially offset by $18.0 million in TRA payments to member owners during the six months ended December 31, 2018.

(15) RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS

FFF

The Company's 49% ownership share of net income of FFF, which was acquired on July 26, 2016, included in equity in net income of unconsolidated affiliates in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income was $1.4 million and $1.3 million for the three months ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively, and $4.0 million and $5.6 million for the six months ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively. The Company maintains group purchasing agreements with FFF and receives administrative fees for purchases made by the Company's members pursuant to those agreements. Net administrative fees revenue recorded from purchases under those agreements was $1.9 million as presented and $2.2 million under the Previous Revenue Standard during the three months ended December 31, 2018, and $2.3 million during the three months ended December 31, 2017 under the Previous Revenue Standard. Net administrative fees revenue recorded from purchases under those agreements was $4.2 million as presented and $3.8 million under the Previous Revenue Standard during the six months ended December 31, 2018, and $4.0 million during the six months ended December 31, 2017 under the Previous Revenue Standard.

AEIX

The Company conducts all operational activities for American Excess Insurance Exchange Risk Retention Group ("AEIX"), a reciprocal risk retention group that provides excess and umbrella healthcare professional and general liability insurance to certain hospital and healthcare system members. The Company is reimbursed by AEIX for actual costs, plus an annual incentive management fee not to exceed $0.5 million per calendar year. The Company received cost reimbursement of $1.3 million and $1.4 million during the three months ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively, and $2.6 million and $2.9 million during the six months ended December 31, 2018 and 2017. As of December 31, 2018 and June 30, 2018, $0.7 million and $0.9 million, respectively, in amounts receivable from AEIX are included in due from related parties in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.

(16) COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

The Company is not currently involved in any litigation it believes to be significant. The Company is periodically involved in litigation, arising in the ordinary course of business or otherwise, which from time to time may include claims relating to commercial, product liability, tort and personal injury, employment, antitrust, intellectual property, or other regulatory matters. If current or future government regulations, specifically, those with respect to antitrust or healthcare laws, are interpreted or enforced in a manner adverse to the Company or its business, the Company may be subject to enforcement actions, penalties and other material limitations which could have a material adverse effect on the Company's business, financial condition and results of operations.

(17) SEGMENTS

The Company delivers its solutions and manages its business through two reportable business segments, the Supply Chain Services segment and the Performance Services segment. The Supply Chain Services segment includes the Company's GPO, integrated pharmacy offerings and direct sourcing activities. The Performance Services segment provides technology and data analytics with wrap-around service offerings and includes the Company's informatics, collaborative, consulting services, government services and insurance services offerings. The Company disaggregates revenue into categories that best depict how the nature, amount, timing and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows are affected by economic factors.

The following table presents disaggregated revenue by business segment and underlying source (in thousands):



	Three Months Ended December 31,						Six Months Ended December 31,
	2018		2018		2017		2018		2018		2017
	As presented		Previous revenue standard ^(a)				As presented		Previous revenue standard ^(a)
Net revenue:
Supply Chain Services
Net administrative fees	$	165,695	$	169,756	$	159,343	$	327,695	$	316,572	$	310,334
Other services and support	3,789		4,638		3,421		6,133		8,262		5,570
Services	169,484		174,394		162,764		333,828		324,834		315,904
Products	157,519		169,433		162,101		308,989		332,865		314,764
Total Supply Chain Services	327,003		343,827		324,865		642,817		657,699		630,668
Performance Services	94,854		85,727		86,533		180,586		164,800		171,294
Net revenue	$	421,857	$	429,554	$	411,398	$	823,403	$	822,499	$	801,962


(a)	The Company adopted Topic 606 effective July 1, 2018, while comparative results are presented under Topic 605. Refer to Note 2 - Significant Accounting Policies for more information.

Additional segment information related to depreciation and amortization expense, capital expenditures and total assets was as follows (in thousands):



	Three Months Ended December 31,				Six Months Ended December 31,
	2018		2017		2018		2017
Depreciation and amortization expense ^(a):
Supply Chain Services	$	5,450	$	5,171	$	11,069	$	10,666
Performance Services	27,318		23,634		53,231		46,551
Corporate	2,814		2,322		5,427		4,315
Total depreciation and amortization expense	$	35,582	$	31,127	$	69,727	$	61,532

Capital expenditures:
Supply Chain Services	$	521	$	541	$	1,016	$	848
Performance Services	19,457		19,742		38,830		33,291
Corporate	2,250		1,692		7,443		4,483
Total capital expenditures	$	22,228	$	21,975	$	47,289	$	38,622



	December 31, 2018		December 31, 2018		June 30, 2018
Total assets:	As presented		Previous revenue standard ^(b)		Previous revenue standard
Supply Chain Services	$	1,179,678	$	1,025,300	$	991,837
Performance Services	974,735		917,986		860,409
Corporate	490,438		497,910		459,970
Total assets	$	2,644,851	$	2,441,196	$	2,312,216


(a)	Includes amortization of purchased intangible assets.


(b)	The Company adopted Topic 606 effective July 1, 2018, while comparative results are presented under Topic 605. Refer to Note 2 - Significant Accounting Policies for more information.

The Company uses Segment Adjusted EBITDA (a financial measure not determined in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles ("Non-GAAP")) as its primary measure of profit or loss to assess segment performance and to determine the allocation of resources. The Company also uses Segment Adjusted EBITDA to facilitate the comparison of the segment operating

performance on a consistent basis from period to period. The Company defines Segment Adjusted EBITDA as the segment's net revenue and equity in net income of unconsolidated affiliates less operating expenses directly attributable to the segment excluding depreciation and amortization, amortization of purchased intangible assets, merger and acquisition related expenses and non-recurring or non-cash items. Operating expenses directly attributable to the segment include expenses associated with sales and marketing, general and administrative and product development activities specific to the operation of each segment. Non-recurring items are income or expenses and other items that have not been earned or incurred within the prior two years and are not expected to recur within the next two years. General and administrative corporate expenses that are not specific to a particular segment are not included in the calculation of Segment Adjusted EBITDA.

For more information on Segment Adjusted EBITDA and the use of Non-GAAP financial measures, see "Our Use of Non-GAAP Financial Measures" within Item 2 - Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.

A reconciliation of income before income taxes to Segment Adjusted EBITDA is as follows (in thousands):



	Three Months Ended December 31,									Six Months Ended December 31,
	2018			2018			2017			2018			2018			2017
	As presented			Previous revenue standard ^(a)						As presented			Previous revenue standard ^(a)
Income before income taxes	$	106,615		$	99,502		$	251,277		$	199,381		$	169,252		$	324,657
Equity in net income of unconsolidated affiliates ^(b)	(1,444		)	(1,444		)	(1,257		)	(4,134		)	(4,134		)	(5,509		)
Interest and investment loss, net ^(c)	859			859			1,508			1,547			1,547			3,003
Loss on disposal of long-lived assets	—			—			400			—			—			1,720
Other (income) expense	(7,199		)	(7,199		)	13,356			(5,258		)	(5,258		)	11,893
Operating income	98,831			91,718			265,284			191,536			161,407			335,764
Depreciation and amortization	21,683			21,683			17,310			42,190			42,190			33,817
Amortization of purchased intangible assets	13,899			13,899			13,817			27,537			27,537			27,715
Stock-based compensation ^(d)	7,800			7,800			8,951			14,137			14,137			17,908
Acquisition related expenses ^(e)	1,354			1,354			1,674			1,763			1,763			4,773
Remeasurement of tax receivable agreement liabilities	—						(177,174		)	—						(177,174		)
ERP implementation expenses ^(f)	61			61			156			387			387			491
Equity in net income of unconsolidated affiliates ^(b)	1,444			1,444			1,257			4,134			4,134			5,509
Deferred compensation plan (income) expense ^(g)	(4,235		)	(4,235		)	1,577			(2,899		)	(2,899		)	3,116
Other expense, net	1,160			1,160			690			1,833			1,833			794
Non-GAAP Adjusted EBITDA	$	141,997		$	134,884		$	133,542		$	280,618		$	250,489		$	252,713

Segment Non-GAAP Adjusted EBITDA:
Supply Chain Services	$	134,079		$	137,309		$	132,045		$	269,482		$	257,113		$	257,665
Performance Services	37,100			26,757			27,929			67,675			49,915			49,150
Corporate	(29,182		)	(29,182		)	(26,432		)	(56,539		)	(56,539		)	(54,102		)
Non-GAAP Adjusted EBITDA	$	141,997		$	134,884		$	133,542		$	280,618		$	250,489		$	252,713


(a)	The Company adopted Topic 606 effective July 1, 2018, while comparative results are presented under Topic 605. Refer to Note 2 - Significant Accounting Policies for more information.


(b)	Refer to Note 4 - Investments for further information.


(c)	Represents interest expense, net and realized gains and losses on our marketable securities.


(d)	Represents non-cash employee stock-based compensation expense and stock purchase plan expense of $0.1 million during both of the three months ended December 31, 2018 and 2017 and $0.2 million during both of the six months ended December 31, 2018 and 2017.


(e)	Includes legal, accounting and other expenses related to acquisition activities and gains and losses on the change in fair value of earn-out liabilities.


(f)	Represents implementation and other costs associated with the implementation of our enterprise resource planning ("ERP") system.


(g)	Represents realized and unrealized gains and losses and dividend income on deferred compensation plan assets.

Item 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

The following discussion should be read in conjunction with our condensed consolidated financial statements and the notes thereto included elsewhere in this Quarterly Report. This discussion is designed to provide the reader with information that will assist in understanding our condensed consolidated financial statements, the changes in certain key items in those financial statements from quarter to quarter and the primary factors that accounted for those changes, as well as how certain accounting principles affect our condensed consolidated financial statements. In addition, the following discussion includes certain forward-looking statements. For a discussion of important factors, including the continuing development of our business and other factors which could cause actual results to differ materially from the results referred to in the forward-looking statements, see the discussions under "Risk Factors" and "Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements" herein and in our Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2018 (the "2018 Annual Report"), filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC").

Business Overview

Our Business

Premier, Inc. ("Premier", the "Company", "we", or "our") is a leading healthcare performance improvement company, uniting an alliance of more than 4,000 U.S. hospitals and health systems and approximately 165,000 other providers and organizations to transform healthcare. We partner with hospitals, health systems, physicians and other healthcare providers with the common goal of improving and innovating in the clinical, financial and operational areas of their businesses to meet the demands of a rapidly evolving healthcare industry. We deliver value through a comprehensive technology-enabled platform that offers critical supply chain services, clinical, financial, operational and value-based care software as a service ("SaaS") informatics products, consulting services and performance improvement collaborative programs.

As of December 31, 2018, we were controlled by 160 U.S. hospitals, health systems and other healthcare organizations, which represented approximately 1,400 owned, leased and managed acute care facilities and other non-acute care organizations, through their ownership of Class B common stock. As of December 31, 2018, the outstanding Class A common stock and Class B common stock represented approximately 47% and 53%, respectively, of our combined outstanding Class A and Class B common stock. All of our Class B common stock was held beneficially by our member owners and all of our Class A common stock was held by public investors, which may include member owners that have received shares of our Class A common stock in connection with previous quarterly exchanges pursuant to an exchange agreement (the "Exchange Agreement") entered into by the member owners in connection with the completion of our initial public offering on October 1, 2013 (see Note 1 - Organization and Basis of Presentation to the accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements for more information).

We generated net revenue, net income and Adjusted EBITDA (a financial measure not determined in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles ("Non-GAAP")) for the periods presented as follows (in thousands):



	Three Months Ended December 31,						Six Months Ended December 31,
	2018		2018		2017		2018		2018		2017
	New Revenue Standard ^(a)		Previous Revenue Standard				New Revenue Standard^(a)		Previous Revenue Standard
Net revenue	$	421,857	$	429,554	$	411,398	$	823,403	$	822,499	$	801,962
Net income	$	104,811	$	99,856	$	19,769	$	186,784	$	160,572	$	80,385
Non-GAAP Adjusted EBITDA	$	141,997	$	134,884	$	133,542	$	280,618	$	250,489	$	252,713


(a)	We adopted Topic 606 effective July 1, 2018, while comparative results are presented under Topic 605. Refer to Note 2 - Significant Accounting Policies and Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates below for more information.

See "Our Use of Non-GAAP Financial Measures" and "Results of Operations" below for a discussion of our use of Non-GAAP Adjusted EBITDA and a reconciliation of net income to Non-GAAP Adjusted EBITDA.

Our Business Segments

Our business model and solutions are designed to provide our members access to scale efficiencies while focusing on optimization of information resources and cost containment, provide actionable intelligence derived from anonymized data in our data warehouse provided by our members, mitigate the risk of innovation and disseminate best practices that will help our member organizations succeed in their transformation to higher quality and more cost-effective healthcare. We deliver our integrated platform of solutions

that address the areas of total cost management, quality and safety improvement and value-based care through two business segments: Supply Chain Services and Performance Services.

Our Supply Chain Services segment includes one of the largest healthcare group purchasing organization programs ("GPO") in the United States, serving acute, non-acute (or alternate site) providers and other non-healthcare organizations, and includes integrated pharmacy and direct sourcing activities. Supply Chain Services net revenue grew from $324.9 million for the three months ended December 31, 2017 to $327.0 million for the three months ended December 31, 2018, and accounted for 78% of our overall net revenue for the three months ended December 31, 2018. Supply Chain Services net revenue grew from $630.7 million for the six months ended December 31, 2017 to $642.8 million for the six months ended December 31, 2018, and accounted for 78% of our overall net revenue for the six months ended December 31, 2018.We generate revenue in our Supply Chain Services segment from administrative fees received from suppliers based on the total dollar volume of supplies purchased by our members and through product sales in connection with our integrated pharmacy and direct sourcing activities.

The Performance Services segment, through its development, integration and delivery of technology and data analytics with wrap-around service offerings, includes one of the largest informatics and consulting businesses in the United States focused on healthcare providers. More specifically, our software as a service ("SaaS") informatics products utilize our comprehensive data set to provide actionable intelligence to our members, enabling them to benchmark, analyze and identify areas of improvement across the three main categories of cost management, quality and safety, and value-based care. While leveraging these tools, we also combine our consulting services and performance improvement collaboratives to provide a more comprehensive and holistic customer value proposition and overall experience. The Performance Services segment also includes our government services and insurance management services. Performance Services net revenue grew from $86.5 million for the three months ended December 31, 2017 to $94.9 million for the three months ended December 31, 2018, and accounted for 22% of our overall net revenue for the three months ended December 31, 2018. Performance Services net revenue grew from $171.3 million for the six months ended December 31, 2017 to $180.6 million for the six months ended December 31, 2018, and accounted for 22% of our overall net revenue for the six months ended December 31, 2018.

Market and Industry Trends and Outlook

We expect that certain trends and economic or industry-wide factors will continue to affect our business, both in the short-term and long-term. We have based our expectations described below on assumptions made by us and on information currently available to us. To the extent our underlying assumptions about, or interpretation of, available information prove to be incorrect, our actual results may vary materially from our expected results.

Trends in the U.S. healthcare market affect our revenues and costs in the Supply Chain Services and Performance Services segments. The trends we see affecting our current healthcare business include the impact of the implementation of current or future healthcare legislation, particularly the uncertainty regarding the status of the Affordable Care Act, its repeal, replacement, or other modification, the enactment of new regulatory and reporting requirements, expansion and contraction of insurance coverage and associated costs that may impact the number of uninsured or level of bad debt for providers, intense cost pressure, payment reform, provider and supplier consolidation, vertical integration between payors, providers, and other organizations, shift in care to the alternate site market and increased data availability and transparency. To meet the demands of this environment, there will be increased focus on scale and cost containment. Moreover, healthcare providers will need to measure and report on and bear financial risk for outcomes. We believe these trends will result in increased demand for our comprehensive and integrated Supply Chain Services and Performance Services solutions in the areas of cost management, quality and safety and value-based care. There are, however, uncertainties and risks that may affect the actual impact of these anticipated trends or related assumptions on our business. See "Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements" for more information.

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

Refer to Note 1 - Organization and Basis of Presentation and Note 2 - Significant Accounting Policies for more information related to our use of estimates in the preparation of financial statements as well as information related to material changes in our significant accounting policies that were included within our 2018 Annual Report.

New Accounting Standards

For the ensuing discussion, it is important to note that we adopted Topic 606 ("New Revenue Standard") effective for the fiscal year beginning July 1, 2018. The prior year information has not been adjusted and continues to be reported under Topic 605 ("Previous Revenue Standard"). However, for informational purposes, we have also included current period results under the Previous Revenue Standard. Refer to Note 2 - Significant Accounting Policies for further information on the impact of the New Revenue Standard on our condensed consolidated financial statements, which is incorporated herein by reference, as well as for

additional information on other new accounting standards that we have recently adopted as well as those that have been recently issued but not yet adopted.

Key Components of Our Results of Operations

Net Revenue

Net revenue consists of service revenue, which includes net administrative fees revenue and other services and support revenue, and product revenue. Net administrative fees revenue consists of GPO administrative fees in our Supply Chain Services segment. Other services and support revenue consists primarily of fees generated by our Performance Services segment in connection with our SaaS informatics products subscriptions, license fees, consulting services and performance improvement collaborative subscriptions. Product revenue consists of integrated pharmacy and direct sourcing product sales, which are included in the Supply Chain Services segment.

Supply Chain Services

Supply Chain Services revenue consists of GPO net administrative fees (gross administrative fees received from suppliers, reduced by the amount of any revenue share paid to members), specialty pharmacy revenue, direct sourcing revenue and managed service revenue.

The success of our Supply Chain Services revenue streams are influenced by our ability to negotiate favorable contracts with suppliers, the number of members that utilize our GPO supplier contracts and the volume of their purchases, the number of members that utilize our integrated pharmacy, as well as the impact of changes in the defined allowable reimbursement amounts determined by Medicare, Medicaid and other managed care plans and the number of members that purchase products through our direct sourcing activities and the impact of competitive pricing. Our managed services line of business is a fee for service model created to perform supply chain related services for members, including pharmacy benefit management ("PBM") services in partnership with a national PBM company.

Performance Services

Performance Services revenue consists of SaaS informatics products subscriptions, license fees, performance improvement collaborative and other service subscriptions, professional fees for consulting services, insurance services management fees and commissions from endorsed commercial insurance programs.

Our Performance Services growth will depend upon the expansion of our SaaS informatics products, performance improvement collaboratives and consulting services to new and existing members, renewal of existing subscriptions to our SaaS and licensed informatics products, along with our ability to generate additional applied sciences engagements and expand into new markets.

Cost of Revenue

Cost of service revenue includes expenses related to employees (including compensation and benefits) and outside consultants who directly provide services related to revenue-generating activities, including consulting services to members and implementation services related to SaaS informatics along with associated amortization of capitalized contract costs. Cost of service revenue also includes expenses related to hosting services, related data center capacity costs, third-party product license expenses and amortization of the cost of internal use software.

Cost of product revenue consists of purchase and shipment costs for specialty pharmaceuticals and direct sourced medical products. Our cost of product revenue is influenced by the cost and availability of specialty pharmaceuticals and the manufacturing and transportation costs associated with direct sourced medical products.

Operating Expenses

Selling, general and administrative expenses are directly associated with selling and administrative functions and support of revenue-generating activities including expenses to support and maintain our software-related products and services. Selling, general and administrative expenses primarily consist of compensation and benefits related costs, travel-related expenses, business development expenses, including costs for business acquisition opportunities, indirect costs such as insurance, professional fees and other general overhead expenses, and adjustments to TRA liabilities. Amortization of contract costs represent amounts that have been capitalized and reflect the incremental costs of obtaining and fulfilling a contract. Such amounts include sales commissions and costs related to implementing SaaS informatics tools, which are components of selling, general and administrative expenses and cost of revenue, respectively.

Research and development expenses consist of employee-related compensation and benefit expenses and third-party consulting fees of technology professionals, net of capitalized labor, incurred to develop our software-related products and services.

Amortization of purchased intangible assets includes the amortization of all identified intangible assets resulting from acquisitions.

Other Income, Net

Other income, net, includes equity in net income of unconsolidated affiliates that is generated from our equity method investments. Our equity method investments primarily consist of our 49% ownership in FFF Enterprises, Inc. ("FFF"). Other income, net, also includes interest income and expense, gains and losses on the FFF put and call rights (see Note 5 - Fair Value Measurements), realized and unrealized gains or losses on deferred compensation plan assets and gains or losses on the disposal of assets.

Income Tax Expense

Our income tax expense is attributable to the activities of Premier, Inc., PHSI and PSCI, all of which are subchapter C corporations and are subject to U.S. federal and state income taxes. In contrast, under the provisions of federal and state laws, Premier LP is not subject to federal and state income taxes as the income realized by Premier LP is taxable to its partners. Our overall effective tax rate differs from the U.S. statutory tax rate primarily due to the aforementioned ownership structure as well as other items noted in Note 14 - Income Taxes.

Given our ownership and capital structure, various effective tax rates are calculated for specific tax items. For example, the deferred tax benefit related to stock-based compensation expense (see Note 13 - Stock-Based Compensation) is calculated based on the effective tax rate of PHSI, the legal entity where the majority of stock-based compensation expense is recorded. Our effective tax rate, as discussed in Note 14 - Income Taxes, represents the effective tax rate computed in accordance with GAAP based on total income tax expense (reflected in income tax expense in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income) of Premier, Inc., PHSI and PSCI, divided by consolidated pre-tax income.

Non-GAAP Adjusted Fully Distributed Net Income is calculated net of taxes based on our fully distributed tax rate for federal and state income tax for us as a whole as if we were one taxable entity with all of our subsidiaries' activities included. Prior to the enactment of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act ("TCJA"), the rate used to compute the Non-GAAP Adjusted Fully Distributed Net Income was 39%. Effective as of January 1, 2018, we adjusted our fully distributed tax rate to 26% to determine our Non-GAAP Adjusted Fully Distributed Net Income.

Net Income Attributable to Non-Controlling Interest

As of December 31, 2018, we owned an approximate 47% controlling general partner interest in Premier LP through our wholly-owned subsidiary, Premier Services, LLC ("Premier GP"). Net income attributable to non-controlling interest represents the portion of net income attributable to the limited partners of Premier LP, which was approximately 53% and 60% as of December 31, 2018 and June 30, 2018, respectively (see Note 10 - Redeemable Limited Partners' Capital).

Our Use of Non-GAAP Financial Measures

The other key business metrics we consider are EBITDA, Adjusted EBITDA, Segment Adjusted EBITDA, Adjusted Fully Distributed Net Income, Adjusted Fully Distributed Earnings per Share and Free Cash Flow, which are Non-GAAP financial measures.

We define EBITDA as net income before interest and investment income, net, income tax expense, depreciation and amortization and amortization of purchased intangible assets. We define Adjusted EBITDA as EBITDA before merger and acquisition related expenses and non-recurring, non-cash or non-operating items and including equity in net income of unconsolidated affiliates. For all Non-GAAP financial measures, we consider non-recurring items to be income or expenses and other items that have not been earned or incurred within the prior two years and are not expected to recur within the next two years. Such items include certain strategic and financial restructuring expenses. Non-operating items include gains or losses on the disposal of assets and interest and investment income or expense.

We define Segment Adjusted EBITDA as the segment's net revenue less cost of revenue and operating expenses directly attributable to the segment excluding depreciation and amortization, amortization of purchased intangible assets, merger and acquisition related expenses and non-recurring or non-cash items and including equity in net income of unconsolidated affiliates. Operating expenses directly attributable to the segment include expenses associated with sales and marketing, general and administrative and product development activities specific to the operation of each segment. General and administrative corporate expenses that are not specific to a particular segment are not included in the calculation of Segment Adjusted EBITDA.

We define Adjusted Fully Distributed Net Income as net income attributable to Premier (i) excluding income tax expense, (ii) excluding the impact of adjustment of redeemable limited partners' capital to redemption amount (iii) excluding the effect of non-recurring and non-cash items, (iv) assuming the exchange of all the Class B common units for shares of Class A common stock, which results in the elimination of non-controlling interest in Premier LP and (v) reflecting an adjustment for income tax expense on Non-GAAP fully distributed net income before income taxes at our estimated effective income tax rate. We define Adjusted Fully Distributed Earnings per Share as Adjusted Fully Distributed Net Income divided by diluted weighted average shares (see Note 12 - Earnings (Loss) Per Share).

We define Free Cash Flow as net cash provided by operating activities less distributions and TRA payments to limited partners and purchases of property and equipment. Free Cash Flow does not represent discretionary cash available for spending as it excludes certain contractual obligations such as debt repayments.

Adjusted EBITDA and Free Cash Flow are supplemental financial measures used by us and by external users of our financial statements and are considered to be indicators of the operational strength and performance of our business. Adjusted EBITDA and Free Cash Flow measures allow us to assess our performance without regard to financing methods and capital structure and without the impact of other matters that we do not consider indicative of the operating performance of our business. More specifically, Segment Adjusted EBITDA is the primary earnings measure we use to evaluate the performance of our business segments.

We use Adjusted EBITDA, Segment Adjusted EBITDA, Adjusted Fully Distributed Net Income and Adjusted Fully Distributed Earnings per Share to facilitate a comparison of our operating performance on a consistent basis from period to period that, when viewed in combination with our results prepared in accordance with GAAP, provides a more complete understanding of factors and trends affecting our business. We believe Adjusted EBITDA and Segment Adjusted EBITDA assist our Board of Directors, management and investors in comparing our operating performance on a consistent basis from period to period because they remove the impact of earnings elements attributable to our asset base (primarily depreciation and amortization) and certain items outside the control of our management team, e.g. taxes, as well as other non-cash (such as impairment of intangible assets, purchase accounting adjustments and stock-based compensation) and non-recurring items (such as strategic and financial restructuring expenses) from our operating results. We believe Adjusted Fully Distributed Net Income and Adjusted Fully Distributed Earnings per Share assist our Board of Directors, management and investors in comparing our net income and earnings per share on a consistent basis from period to period because these measures remove non-cash (such as impairment of intangible assets, purchase accounting adjustments and stock-based compensation) and non-recurring items (such as strategic and financial restructuring expenses), and eliminate the variability of non-controlling interest that results from member owner exchanges of Class B common units for shares of Class A common stock. We believe Free Cash Flow is an important measure because it represents the cash that we generate after payment of tax distributions to limited partners and capital investment to maintain existing products and services and ongoing business operations, as well as development of new and upgraded products and services to support future growth. Our Free Cash Flow allows us to enhance stockholder value through acquisitions, partnerships, joint ventures, investments in related businesses and debt reduction.

Despite the importance of these Non-GAAP financial measures in analyzing our business, determining compliance with certain financial covenants in our Credit Facility, measuring and determining incentive compensation and evaluating our operating performance relative to our competitors, EBITDA, Adjusted EBITDA, Segment Adjusted EBITDA, Adjusted Fully Distributed Net Income, Adjusted Fully Distributed Earnings per Share and Free Cash Flow are not measurements of financial performance under GAAP, may have limitations as analytical tools and should not be considered in isolation from, or as an alternative to, net income, net cash provided by operating activities or any other measure of our performance derived in accordance with GAAP.

Some of the limitations of the EBITDA, Adjusted EBITDA and Segment Adjusted EBITDA measures include that they do not reflect: our capital expenditures or our future requirements for capital expenditures or contractual commitments; changes in, or cash requirements for, our working capital needs; the interest expense or the cash requirements to service interest or principal payments under our Credit Facility; income tax payments we are required to make; and any cash requirements for replacements of assets being depreciated or amortized. In addition, EBITDA, Adjusted EBITDA, Segment Adjusted EBITDA and Free Cash Flow are not measures of liquidity under GAAP, or otherwise, and are not alternatives to cash flows from operating activities.

Some of the limitations of the Adjusted Fully Distributed Net Income and Adjusted Fully Distributed Earnings per Share measures are that they do not reflect income tax expense or income tax payments we are required to make. In addition, Adjusted Fully Distributed Net Income and Adjusted Fully Distributed Earnings per Share are not measures of profitability under GAAP.

We also urge you to review the reconciliation of these Non-GAAP financial measures included elsewhere in this Quarterly Report. To properly and prudently evaluate our business, we encourage you to review the condensed consolidated financial statements and related notes included elsewhere in this Quarterly Report and to not rely on any single financial measure to evaluate our business. In addition, because the EBITDA, Adjusted EBITDA, Segment Adjusted EBITDA, Adjusted Fully Distributed Net Income, Adjusted Fully Distributed Earnings per Share and Free Cash Flow measures are susceptible to varying calculations, such

Non-GAAP financial measures may differ from, and may therefore not be comparable to, similarly titled measures used by other companies.

Non-recurring and non-cash items excluded in our calculation of Adjusted EBITDA, Segment Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted Fully Distributed Net Income consist of stock-based compensation, acquisition related expenses, remeasurement of TRA liabilities, enterprise resource planning ("ERP") implementation expenses, acquisition related adjustment - revenue, remeasurement gain attributable to acquisition of Innovatix, LLC, loss on disposal of long-lived assets, loss (gain) on FFF put and call rights, impairment on investments and other expense. More information about certain of the more significant items follows below.

Stock-based compensation

In addition to non-cash employee stock-based compensation expense, this item includes non-cash stock purchase plan expense of $0.1 million for both of the three months ended December 31, 2018 and 2017 and $0.2 million for both of the six months ended December 31, 2018 and 2017 (see Note 13 - Stock-Based Compensation).

Acquisition related expenses

Acquisition related expenses include legal, accounting and other expenses related to acquisition activities and gains and losses on the change in fair value of earn-out liabilities.

Gain or loss on FFF put and call rights

See Note 5 - Fair Value Measurements.

Results of Operations

We adopted the New Revenue Standard effective for the fiscal year beginning July 1, 2018. The prior year information has not been adjusted and continues to be reported under the Previous Revenue Standard. As result, our results of operations under the New Revenue Standard are not indicative of what our results of operations were under the Previous Revenue Standard. However, for informational purposes, we have also included current period results under the Previous Revenue Standard. Refer to Note 2 - Significant Accounting Policies for further information on the impact of the New Revenue Standard on our condensed consolidated financial statements, which is incorporated herein by reference.

Results of Operations for the Three Months Ended December 31, 2018 and 2017

The following table summarizes our results of operations for the three months ended December 31, 2018 and 2017 (in thousands, except per share data):



	Three Months Ended December 31,
	2018			2018			2017
	As presented			Previous revenue standard			Previous revenue standard
	Amount		% of Net Revenue	Amount		% of Net Revenue	Amount		% of Net Revenue
Net revenue:
Net administrative fees	$	165,695	40%	$	169,756	40%	$	159,343	39%
Other services and support	98,643		23%	90,365		21%	89,953		22%
Services	264,338		63%	260,121		61%	249,296		61%
Products	157,519		37%	169,433		39%	162,102		39%
Net revenue	421,857		100%	429,554		100%	411,398		100%
Cost of revenue:
Services	43,189		11%	45,802		10%	47,255		12%
Products	155,534		37%	166,461		39%	153,272		37%
Cost of revenue	198,723		48%	212,263		49%	200,527		49%
Gross profit	223,134		52%	217,291		51%	210,871		51%



	Three Months Ended December 31,
	2018				2018				2017
	As presented				Previous revenue standard				Previous revenue standard
	Amount			% of Net Revenue	Amount			% of Net Revenue	Amount			% of Net Revenue
Other operating income:
Remeasurement of tax receivable agreement liabilities	—			—%	—			—%	177,174			43%
Other operating income	—			—%	—			—%	177,174			43%
Operating expenses:
Selling, general and administrative	110,112			26%	111,382			26%	108,620			26%
Research and development	292			—%	292			—%	324			—%
Amortization of purchased intangible assets	13,899			3%	13,899			3%	13,817			3%
Operating expenses	124,303			29%	125,573			29%	122,761			30%
Operating income	98,831			23%	91,718			22%	265,284			64%
Other income (expense), net	7,784			2%	7,784			2%	(14,007		)	(3)%
Income before income taxes	106,615			25%	99,502			23%	251,277			61%
Income tax expense (benefit)	1,804			—%	(354		)	—%	231,508			56%
Net income	104,811			25%	99,856			23%	19,769			5%
Net income attributable to non-controlling interest in Premier LP	(62,631		)	(15)%	(59,418		)	(14)%	(56,485		)	(14)%
Adjustment of redeemable limited partners' capital to redemption amount	651,709			nm	649,661			nm	317,916			nm
Net income attributable to stockholders	$	693,889		nm	$	690,099		nm	$	281,200		nm

Weighted average shares outstanding:
Basic	59,876				59,876				55,209
Diluted	133,672				133,672				139,237

Earnings per share attributable to stockholders:
Basic	$	11.59			$	11.53			$	5.09
Diluted ^(a)	$	0.69			$	0.66			$	0.06

nm = Not meaningful

(a)

We have corrected prior period information within the current period financial statements related to a specific component used in calculating the tax effect on Premier, Inc. net income for purposes of diluted earnings per share. Diluted earnings (loss) per share for the three months ended December 31, 2017 was previously stated at ($1.66) per share and has been corrected to $0.06 per share. We believe the correction is immaterial and the corrected amount had no impact on our overall financial condition, results of operations or cash flows.

The following table provides certain Non-GAAP financial measures for the three months ended December 31, 2018 and 2017 (in thousands, except per share data). Refer to "Our Use of Non-GAAP Financial Measures" for further information regarding items excluded in our calculation of Adjusted EBITDA and Segment Adjusted EBITDA.



	Three Months Ended December 31,
	2018			2018			2017
	As presented			Previous revenue standard			Previous revenue standard
	Amount		% of Net Revenue	Amount		% of Net Revenue	Amount		% of Net Revenue
Certain Non-GAAP Financial Data:
Adjusted EBITDA	$	141,997	34%	$	134,884	31%	$	133,542	32%
Non-GAAP Adjusted Fully Distributed Net Income	$	88,397	21%	$	83,133	19%	$	69,982	17%
Non-GAAP Adjusted Fully Distributed Earnings Per Share	$	0.66		$	0.62		$	0.50

The following table provides the reconciliation of net income to Adjusted EBITDA and the reconciliation of income before income taxes to Segment Adjusted EBITDA (in thousands). Refer to "Our Use of Non-GAAP Financial Measures" for further information regarding items excluded in our calculation of Adjusted EBITDA and Segment Adjusted EBITDA.



	Three Months Ended December 31,
	2018			2018			2017
	As presented			Previous revenue standard			Previous revenue standard
Net income	$	104,811		$	99,856		$	19,769
Interest and investment loss, net	859			859			1,508
Income tax expense (benefit)	1,804			(354		)	231,508
Depreciation and amortization	21,683			21,683			17,310
Amortization of purchased intangible assets	13,899			13,899			13,817
EBITDA	143,056			135,943			283,912
Stock-based compensation	7,800			7,800			8,951
Acquisition related expenses	1,354			1,354			1,674
Remeasurement of tax receivable agreement liabilities	—			—			(177,174		)
ERP implementation expenses	61			61			156
Loss on disposal of long-lived assets	—			—			400
(Gain) loss on FFF put and call rights	(10,850		)	(10,850		)	15,587
Other expense	576			576			36
Adjusted EBITDA	$	141,997		$	134,884		$	133,542

Income before income taxes	$	106,615		$	99,502		$	251,277
Equity in net income of unconsolidated affiliates	(1,444		)	(1,444		)	(1,257		)
Interest and investment loss, net	859			859			1,508
Loss on disposal of long-lived assets	—			—			400
Other (income) expense	(7,199		)	(7,199		)	13,356
Operating income	98,831			91,718			265,284
Depreciation and amortization	21,683			21,683			17,310
Amortization of purchased intangible assets	13,899			13,899			13,817
Stock-based compensation	7,800			7,800			8,951
Acquisition related expenses	1,354			1,354			1,674



	Three Months Ended December 31,
	2018			2018			2017
	As presented			Previous revenue standard			Previous revenue standard
Remeasurement of tax receivable agreement liabilities	—			—			(177,174		)
ERP implementation expenses	61			61			156
Equity in net income of unconsolidated affiliates	1,444			1,444			1,257
Deferred compensation plan (income) expense	(4,235		)	(4,235		)	1,577
Other expense, net	1,160			1,160			690
Adjusted EBITDA	$	141,997		$	134,884		$	133,542

Segment Adjusted EBITDA:
Supply Chain Services	$	134,079		$	137,309		$	132,045
Performance Services	37,100			26,757			27,929
Corporate	(29,182		)	(29,182		)	(26,432		)
Adjusted EBITDA	$	141,997		$	134,884		$	133,542

The following table provides the reconciliation of net income attributable to stockholders to Non-GAAP Adjusted Fully Distributed Net Income and the reconciliation of the numerator and denominator for earnings per share attributable to stockholders to Non-GAAP Adjusted Fully Distributed Earnings per Share for the periods presented (in thousands). Refer to "Our Use of Non-GAAP Financial Measures" for further information regarding items excluded in our calculation of Non-GAAP Adjusted Fully Distributed Net Income and Non-GAAP Adjusted Fully Distributed Earnings per Share.



	Three Months Ended December 31,
	2018			2018			2017
	As presented			Previous revenue standard			Previous revenue standard
Net income attributable to stockholders	$	693,889		$	690,099		$	281,200
Adjustment of redeemable limited partners' capital to redemption amount	(651,709		)	(649,661		)	(317,916		)
Net income attributable to non-controlling interest in Premier LP	62,631			59,418			56,485
Income tax expense (benefit)	1,804			(354		)	231,508
Amortization of purchased intangible assets	13,899			13,899			13,817
Stock-based compensation	7,800			7,800			8,951
Acquisition related expenses	1,354			1,354			1,674
Remeasurement of tax receivable agreement liabilities	—			—			(177,174		)
ERP implementation expenses	61			61			156
Loss on disposal of long-lived assets	—			—			400
(Gain) loss on FFF put and call rights	(10,850		)	(10,850		)	15,587
Other expense	576			576			36
Non-GAAP adjusted fully distributed income before income taxes	119,455			112,342			114,724
Income tax expense on fully distributed income before income taxes ^(a)	31,058			29,209			44,742
Non-GAAP Adjusted Fully Distributed Net Income	$	88,397		$	83,133		$	69,982

Reconciliation of denominator for earnings per share attributable to stockholders to Non-GAAP Adjusted Fully Distributed Earnings per Share
Weighted Average:
Common shares used for basic and diluted earnings per share	59,876			59,876			55,209
Potentially dilutive shares	1,005			1,005			450
Conversion of Class B common units	72,791			72,791			83,578
Weighted average fully distributed shares outstanding - diluted	133,672			133,672			139,237


(a)	Reflects income tax expense at an estimated effective income tax rate of 26% and 39% of Non-GAAP adjusted fully distributed income before income taxes for the three months ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively.

The following table provides the reconciliation of earnings per share attributable to stockholders to Non-GAAP Adjusted Fully Distributed Earnings per Share for the periods presented. Refer to "Our Use of Non-GAAP Financial Measures" for further information regarding items excluded in our calculation of Non-GAAP Adjusted Fully Distributed Earnings per Share.



	Three Months Ended December 31,
	2018			2018			2017
	As presented			Previous revenue standard			Previous revenue standard
Earnings per share attributable to stockholders	$	11.59		$	11.53		$	5.09
Adjustment of redeemable limited partners' capital to redemption amount	(10.88		)	(10.85		)	(5.76		)
Net income attributable to non-controlling interest in Premier LP	1.05			0.99			1.02
Income tax expense (benefit)	0.03			(0.01		)	4.19
Amortization of purchased intangible assets	0.23			0.23			0.25
Stock-based compensation	0.13			0.13			0.16
Acquisition related expenses	0.02			0.02			0.03
Remeasurement of tax receivable agreement liabilities	—			—			(3.21		)
Loss on disposal of long-lived assets	—			—			0.01
(Gain) loss on FFF put and call rights	(0.18		)	(0.18		)	0.28
Other expense	0.01			0.01			—
Impact of corporation taxes ^(a)	(0.52		)	(0.49		)	(0.80		)
Impact of dilutive shares ^(b)	(0.82		)	(0.76		)	(0.76		)
Non-GAAP Adjusted Fully Distributed Earnings Per Share	$	0.66		$	0.62		$	0.50


(a)	Reflects income tax expense at an estimated effective income tax rate of 26% and 39% of Non-GAAP adjusted fully distributed income before income taxes for the three months ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively.


(b)	Reflects impact of dilutive shares, primarily attributable to the assumed conversion of all Class B common units for Class A common stock.

Consolidated Results - Comparison of the Three Months Ended December 31, 2018 to 2017

Net Revenue

Net revenue increased $10.5 million to $421.9 million for the three months ended December 31, 2018 from $411.4 million for the three months ended December 31, 2017.

Net administrative fees revenue increased $6.4 million, or 4%, to $165.7 million for the three months ended December 31, 2018 from $159.3 million for the three months ended December 31, 2017. Net administrative fees recognized in the three months ended December 31, 2018 under the Previous Revenue Standard totaled $169.8 million. Growth in net administrative fees revenue was primarily driven by further contract penetration of existing members and, to a lesser degree, the impact of conversion of new members to our portfolio. We expect our net administrative fees revenue to grow to the extent our existing members increase the utilization of our contracts, additional members convert to our contract portfolio and we increase the number of contracts included in our overall portfolio.

Other services and support revenue increased $8.6 million, or 10%, to $98.6 million for the three months ended December 31, 2018 from $90.0 million for the three months ended December 31, 2017. This revenue growth was primarily driven by growth in customer engagements in applied sciences and analytics services. In addition, cost management consulting services revenue increased as revenue is now recognized proportionally to when services are provided under the New Revenue Standard whereas revenue recognition was deferred in certain circumstances until certain performance conditions were met under the Previous Revenue Standard. We expect our other services and support revenue to grow over the long-term to the extent we are able to expand our sales to existing members and additional members begin to utilize our integrated platform of products and services.

Product revenue decreased $4.6 million, or 3%, to $157.5 million for the three months ended December 31, 2018 from $162.1 million for the three months ended December 31, 2017. Growth in oncology and respiratory-related drug revenue was primarily offset by the $11.9 million impact of revenue recognition under the New Revenue Standard related to our 340B federal discount prescription drug program and to a lesser extent to the direct sourcing business, as well as reimbursement compression in our specialty pharmacy business. 340B revenue, as well as distributor fees associated with direct sourcing revenue, were historically

recognized on a gross basis under the Previous Revenue Standard but are now recognized on a net basis under the New Revenue Standard. We expect our integrated pharmacy and direct sourcing product revenues to continue to grow to the extent we are able to increase our product offerings, expand our product sales to existing members and additional members begin to utilize our programs.

Cost of Revenue

Cost of revenue decreased $1.8 million, or 1%, to $198.7 million for the three months ended December 31, 2018 from $200.5 million for the three months ended December 31, 2017.

Cost of services revenue decreased $4.1 million, or 9%, from the three months ended December 31, 2017 to 2018, primarily driven by the impact of the New Revenue Standard on the recognition of certain consulting costs which were historically recognized on a gross basis under the Previous Revenue Standard, but are now recognized on a net basis under the New Revenue Standard. In addition, salaries and benefits expenses decreased due to lower headcount. These decreases were offset by increased amortization of internally-developed software applications. We expect cost of service revenue to increase to the extent we expand our performance improvement collaboratives and consulting services to members, continue to develop new and existing internally-developed software applications and expand into new product offerings.

Cost of product revenue increased $2.2 million, or 1%, from the three months ended December 31, 2017 to 2018, primarily driven by the growth in revenues associated with our integrated pharmacy business and direct sourcing sales. This increase was partially offset by the impact of the New Revenue Standard on our 340B federal discount prescription drug program. We expect our cost of product revenue to increase to the extent we are able to sell additional integrated pharmacy and direct-sourced products to new and existing members and enroll additional members into our integrated pharmacy program. The increased cost of product revenues could reduce our gross profit as a percentage of our net revenues depending on the underlying product sales mix.

Other Operating Income

Other operating income decreased $177.2 million from the three months ended December 31, 2017 to 2018 as a result of the remeasurement of TRA liabilities in the prior year, which was primarily attributable to the 14% decrease in the U.S. federal corporate income tax rate associated with the TCJA.

Operating Expenses

Operating expenses increased $1.5 million to $124.3 million for the three months ended December 31, 2018 from $122.8 million for the three months ended December 31, 2017.

Selling, General and Administrative

Selling, general and administrative expenses increased $1.5 million from the three months ended December 31, 2017 to 2018. Expenses increased due to information technology purchases, increased amortization of internally-developed software, and expenses related to the Stanson acquisition, offset by a reduction in deferred compensation plan expense.

Research and Development

Research and development expenses remained flat from the three months ended December 31, 2017 to 2018. Research and development expenses consist of employee-related compensation and benefit expenses and third-party consulting fees for technology professionals, net of capitalized labor, incurred to develop our software-related products and services. We experience fluctuations in our research and development expenditures across reportable periods due to the timing of our software development lifecycles, new product features and functionality, new technologies and upgrades to our service offerings.

Amortization of Purchased Intangible Assets

Amortization of purchased intangible assets remained flat, increasing $0.1 million from the three months ended December 31, 2017 to 2018. As we execute on our growth strategy and further deploy capital, we expect further increases in amortization of intangible assets in connection with future potential acquisitions.

Other Income (Expense), Net

Other income (expense), net increased $21.8 million to $7.8 million for the three months ended December 31, 2018 from $(14.0) million for the three months ended December 31, 2017, primarily driven by the gain on the FFF put and call rights in the current period compared to a loss in the prior period (see Note 5 - Fair Value Measurements), partially offset by a loss on deferred compensation plan assets in the current period compared to income in the prior period.

Income Tax Expense

For the three months ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, we recorded tax expense of $1.8 million and $231.5 million, respectively, which equates to effective tax rates of 2% and 92%, respectively. The decrease in effective tax rate is primarily attributable to the remeasurement of deferred tax balances related to the decrease in the U.S. federal corporate income tax rate from 35% to 21%, pursuant to the TCJA enacted on December 22, 2017. Our effective tax rate differs from income taxes recorded at the statutory income tax rate primarily due to partnership income not subject to federal, state and local income taxes and reductions in valuation allowances against deferred tax assets at PHSI. See Note 14 - Income Taxes for more information.

Net Income Attributable to Non-Controlling Interest

Net income attributable to non-controlling interest decreased $6.1 million, or 11%, to $62.6 million for the three months ended December 31, 2018 from $56.5 million for the three months ended December 31, 2017, primarily attributable to an increase in income of Premier LP offset by a decrease in non-controlling ownership percentage in Premier LP to 53% from 60%, respectively.

Non-GAAP Adjusted EBITDA

Non-GAAP Adjusted EBITDA increased $8.5 million, or 6%, to $142.0 million for the three months ended December 31, 2018 from $133.5 million for the three months ended December 31, 2017 primarily as a result of increased other services and support revenue and growth in net administrative fees revenue. These increases were partially offset by decreases in cost of services revenue, reimbursement compression in specialty pharmacy, an increase in product related costs in direct sourcing, and increases in expenses related to the Stanson acquisition and information technology purchases.

Supply Chain Services - Comparison of the Three Months Ended December 31, 2018 to 2017

The following table summarizes our results of operations and Non-GAAP Segment Adjusted EBITDA in the Supply Chain Services segment for the periods presented (in thousands):



	Three Months Ended December 31,
	2018		2018		2017
Supply Chain Services	As presented		Previous revenue standard		Previous revenue standard
Net revenue:
Net administrative fees	$	165,695	$	169,756	$	159,343
Other services and support	3,789		4,638		3,421
Services	169,484		174,394		162,764
Products	157,519		169,433		162,101
Net revenue	327,003		343,827		324,865
Cost of revenue:
Services	100		1,823		1,023
Products	155,534		166,461		153,272
Cost of revenue	155,634		168,284		154,295
Gross profit	171,369		175,543		170,570
Operating expenses:
Selling, general and administrative	40,343		41,287		42,185
Amortization of purchased intangible assets	5,041		5,041		4,976
Operating expenses	45,384		46,328		47,161
Operating income	$	125,985	$	129,215	$	123,409
Depreciation and amortization	410		410		195
Amortization of purchased intangible assets	5,041		5,041		4,976
Acquisition related expenses	777		777		2,320
Equity in net income of unconsolidated affiliates	1,325		1,325		1,130
Other expense	541		541		15
Non-GAAP Segment Adjusted EBITDA	$	134,079	$	137,309	$	132,045

Net Revenue

Supply Chain Services segment net revenue increased $2.1 million to $327.0 million for the three months ended December 31, 2018 from $324.9 million for the three months ended December 31, 2017.

to increase our product offerings, expand our product sales to existing members and additional members begin to utilize our programs.

Cost of Revenue

Supply Chain Services segment cost of revenue increased $1.3 million to $155.6 million for the three months ended December 31, 2018 from $154.3 million for the three months ended December 31, 2017.

Cost of product revenue increased $2.2 million, or 1%, from the three months ended December 31, 2017 to 2018. Growth in revenues associated with our integrated pharmacy business and direct sourcing sales resulted in increased cost of product revenue, partially offset by the impact of the New Revenue Standard on our 340B federal discount prescription drug program. We expect our cost of product revenue to increase to the extent we are able to sell additional integrated pharmacy and direct-sourced medical products to new and existing members and enroll additional members into our integrated pharmacy program. The increased cost of product revenues could reduce our gross profit as a percentage of our net revenues depending on the underlying product sales mix.

Operating Expenses

Supply Chain Services segment operating expenses decreased $1.8 million, or 4%, to $45.4 million for the three months ended December 31, 2018 from $47.2 million for the three months ended December 31, 2017.

Selling, general and administrative expenses decreased $1.9 million, or 5%, from the three months ended December 31, 2017 to 2018 primarily driven by the impact of costs incurred in the prior year associated with the acquisition of Innovatix, LLC, along with decreased general overhead expenses in the current year.

Amortization of purchased intangible assets remained flat at $5.0 million for both the three months ended December 31, 2018 and 2017.

Segment Adjusted EBITDA

Segment Adjusted EBITDA increased $2.1 million to $134.1 million for the three months ended December 31, 2018 from $132.0 million for the three months ended December 31, 2017. Growth in net administrative fees revenue and decreased selling, general and administrative expenses were offset by increased reimbursement compression in specialty pharmacy.

Performance Services - Comparison of the Three Months Ended December 31, 2018 to 2017

The following table summarizes our results of operations and Non-GAAP Segment Adjusted EBITDA in the Performance Services segment for the periods presented (in thousands):



	Three Months Ended December 31,
	2018		2018			2017
Performance Services	As presented		Previous revenue standard			Previous revenue standard
Net revenue:
Other services and support	$	94,854	$	85,727		$	86,533
Net revenue	94,854		85,727			86,533
Cost of revenue:
Services	43,089		43,979			46,233
Cost of revenue	43,089		43,979			46,233
Gross profit	51,765		41,748			40,300
Operating expenses:
Selling, general and administrative	33,563		33,889			26,397
Research and development	292		292			335
Amortization of purchased intangible assets	8,858		8,858			8,841
Operating expenses	42,713		43,039			35,573
Operating income (loss)	$	9,052	$	(1,291	)	$	4,727
Depreciation and amortization	18,459		18,459			14,793
Amortization of purchased intangible assets	8,858		8,858			8,841
Acquisition related expenses	577		577			(646		)
Equity in net income of unconsolidated affiliates	119		119			127
Other expense	35		35			87
Non-GAAP Segment Adjusted EBITDA	$	37,100	$	26,757		$	27,929

Net Revenue

Other services and support revenue increased $8.4 million, or 10%, to $94.9 million for the three months ended December 31, 2018 from $86.5 million for the three months ended December 31, 2017. This increase was primarily driven by increased cost management consulting services revenue as revenue is now recognized proportionally to when services are provided under the New Revenue Standard whereas revenue recognition was deferred in certain circumstances until certain performance conditions were met under the Previous Revenue Standard . In addition, revenue growth was driven by growth in customer engagements in applied sciences and analytics services. We expect our other services and support revenue to grow over the long-term to the extent we are able to expand our sales to existing members and additional members begin to utilize our integrated platform of products and services.

Cost of Revenue

Performance Services segment cost of revenue decreased $3.1 million, or 7%, to $43.1 million for the three months ended December 31, 2018 from $46.2 million for the three months ended December 31, 2017 primarily driven by a decrease in salaries and benefits due to lower headcount. In addition, cost of revenue decreased due to the impact of the New Revenue Standard on the recognition of certain consulting costs which were historically recognized on a gross basis under the Previous Revenue Standard but are now recognized on a net basis under the New Revenue Standard. These decreases were offset by increased amortization of internally-developed software applications. We expect cost of service revenue to increase to the extent we expand our performance improvement collaboratives and consulting services to members, continue to develop new and existing internally-developed software applications and expand into new product offerings.

Operating Expenses

Performance Services segment operating expenses increased $7.1 million, or 20%, to $42.7 million for the three months ended December 31, 2018 from $35.6 million for the three months ended December 31, 2017.

Selling, general and administrative expenses increased $7.2 million, or 27%, from the three months ended December 31, 2017 to 2018, driven by increases in salaries and benefits, amortization of internally-developed software, and expenses associated with the Stanson acquisition.

Amortization of purchased intangible assets remained flat from the three months ended December 31, 2017 to 2018.

Segment Adjusted EBITDA

Segment Adjusted EBITDA increased $9.2 million to $37.1 million for the three months ended December 31, 2018 from $27.9 million for the three months ended December 31, 2017. This increase is primarily a result of increased other services and support revenue offset by increases in selling, general and administrative expenses.

Corporate - Comparison of the Three Months Ended December 31, 2018 to 2017

The following table summarizes corporate expenses and Non-GAAP Adjusted EBITDA for the periods presented (in thousands):



	Three Months Ended December 31,
Corporate	2018			2017
Other operating income:
Remeasurement of tax receivable agreement liabilities	$	—		$	177,174
Other operating income	—			177,174
Operating expenses:
Selling, general and administrative	$	36,206		$	40,038
Research and development	—			(10		)
Operating expenses	36,206			40,028
Operating (loss) income	$	(36,206	)	$	137,146
Depreciation and amortization	2,814			2,323
Stock-based compensation	7,800			8,951
Remeasurement of tax receivable agreement liabilities	—			(177,174		)
ERP implementation expenses	61			156
Deferred compensation plan (income) expense	(4,235		)	1,577
Other income	584			589
Non-GAAP Adjusted EBITDA	$	(29,182	)	$	(26,432	)

Other Operating Income

Other operating income decreased $177.2 million from the three months ended December 31, 2017 to 2018 as a result of the remeasurement of TRA liabilities, which was primarily attributable to the 14% decrease in the U.S. federal corporate income tax rate associated with the TCJA. See "Member-Owner TRA" below for additional information related to the Company's TRA liabilities.

Operating Expenses

Corporate operating expenses decreased $3.8 million, or 9%, to $36.2 million for the three months ended December 31, 2018 from $40.0 million for the three months ended December 31, 2017.

Selling, general and administrative expenses decreased $3.8 million, or 9%, from the three months ended December 31, 2017 to 2018 primarily due to a reduction in deferred compensation plan expense and a decrease in stock-based compensation expense associated with anticipated achievement of certain performance targets, partially offset by increased information technology purchases.

Non-GAAP Adjusted EBITDA

Non-GAAP Adjusted EBITDA decreased $2.8 million, or 11%, from the three months ended December 31, 2017 to 2018 primarily due to increased information technology purchases.

Results of Operations for the Six Months Ended December 31, 2018 and 2017

The following table summarizes our results of operations for the six months ended December 31, 2018 and 2017 (in thousands, except per share data):



	Six Months Ended December 31,
	2018				2018				2017
	As presented				Previous revenue standard				Previous revenue standard
	Amount			% of Net Revenue	Amount			% of Net Revenue	Amount			% of Net Revenue
Net revenue:
Net administrative fees	$	327,695		40%	$	316,572		38%	$	310,334		39%
Other services and support	186,719			22%	173,062			21%	176,864			22%
Services	514,414			62%	489,634			60%	487,198			61%
Products	308,989			38%	332,865			40%	314,764			39%
Net revenue	823,403			100%	822,499			100%	801,962			100%
Cost of revenue:
Services	86,561			11%	91,107			11%	94,191			12%
Products	301,155			37%	323,453			39%	297,712			37%
Cost of revenue	387,716			47%	414,560			50%	391,903			49%
Gross profit	435,687			53%	407,939			50%	410,059			51%
Other operating income:
Remeasurement of tax receivable agreement liabilities	—			—%	—			—%	177,174			22%
Other operating income	—			—%	—			—%	177,174			22%
Operating expenses:
Selling, general and administrative	215,982			26%	218,363			27%	222,941			28%
Research and development	632			—%	632			—%	813			—%
Amortization of purchased intangible assets	27,537			3%	27,537			3%	27,715			3%
Operating expenses	244,151			30%	246,532			30%	251,469			31%
Operating income	191,536			23%	161,407			20%	335,764			42%
Other income (expense), net	7,845			1%	7,845			1%	(11,107		)	(1)%
Income before income taxes	199,381			24%	169,252			21%	324,657			40%
Income tax expense	12,597			2%	8,680			1%	244,272			30%
Net income	186,784			23%	160,572			20%	80,385			10%
Net income attributable to non-controlling interest in Premier LP	(117,744		)	(14)%	(101,158		)	(12)%	(101,095		)	(13)%
Adjustment of redeemable limited partners' capital to redemption amount	(56,484		)	nm	(69,104		)	nm	638,340			nm
Net income (loss) attributable to stockholders	$	12,556		nm	$	(9,690	)	nm	$	617,630		nm

Weighted average shares outstanding:
Basic	56,548				56,548				54,059
Diluted	57,584				56,548				139,641

Earnings (loss) per share attributable to stockholders:
Basic	$	0.22			$	(0.17	)		$	11.43
Diluted ^(a)	$	0.22			$	(0.17	)		$	0.36

nm = Not meaningful

(a)

We have corrected prior period information within the current period financial statements related to a specific component used in calculating the tax effect on Premier, Inc. net income for purposes of diluted earnings per share. Diluted earnings (loss) per share for the six months ended December 31, 2017 was previously stated at ($1.30) per share and has been corrected to $0.36 per share. We believe the correction is immaterial and the corrected amount had no impact on our overall financial condition, results of operations or cash flows.

The following table provides certain Non-GAAP financial measures for the six months ended December 31, 2018 and 2017 (in thousands, except per share data). Refer to "Our Use of Non-GAAP Financial Measures" for further information regarding items excluded in our calculation of Adjusted EBITDA and Segment Adjusted EBITDA.



	Six Months Ended December 31,
	2018			2018			2017
	As presented			Previous revenue standard			Previous revenue standard
	Amount		% of Net Revenue	Amount		% of Net Revenue	Amount		% of Net Revenue
Certain Non-GAAP Financial Data:
Adjusted EBITDA	$	280,618	34%	$	250,489	30%	$	252,713	32%
Non-GAAP Adjusted Fully Distributed Net Income	$	175,292	21%	$	152,996	19%	$	131,695	16%
Non-GAAP Adjusted Fully Distributed Earnings Per Share	$	1.31		$	1.14		$	0.94



	Six Months Ended December 31,
	2018			2018			2017
	As presented			Previous revenue standard			Previous revenue standard
Net income	$	186,784		$	160,572		$	80,385
Interest and investment loss, net	1,547			1,547			3,003
Income tax expense	12,597			8,680			244,272
Depreciation and amortization	42,190			42,190			33,817
Amortization of purchased intangible assets	27,537			27,537			27,715
EBITDA	270,655			240,526			389,192
Stock-based compensation	14,137			14,137			17,908
Acquisition related expenses	1,764			1,764			4,773
Remeasurement of tax receivable agreement liabilities	—			—			(177,174		)
ERP implementation expenses	387			387			491
Loss on disposal of long-lived assets	—			—			1,720
(Gain) loss on FFF put and call rights	(7,567		)	(7,567		)	15,607
Other expense	1,242			1,242			196
Adjusted EBITDA	$	280,618		$	250,489		$	252,713

Income before income taxes	$	199,381		$	169,252		$	324,657
Equity in net income of unconsolidated affiliates	(4,134		)	(4,134		)	(5,509		)
Interest and investment loss, net	1,547			1,547			3,003
Loss on disposal of long-lived assets	—			—			1,720
Other (income) expense	(5,258		)	(5,258		)	11,893
Operating income	191,536			161,407			335,764
Depreciation and amortization	42,190			42,190			33,817



	Six Months Ended December 31,
	2018			2018			2017
	As presented			Previous revenue standard			Previous revenue standard
Amortization of purchased intangible assets	27,537			27,537			27,715
Stock-based compensation	14,137			14,137			17,908
Acquisition related expenses	1,763			1,763			4,773
Remeasurement of tax receivable agreement liabilities	—			—			(177,174		)
ERP implementation expenses	387			387			491
Equity in net income of unconsolidated affiliates	4,134			4,134			5,509
Deferred compensation plan (income) expense	(2,899		)	(2,899		)	3,116
Other expense, net	1,833			1,833			794
Adjusted EBITDA	$	280,618		$	250,489		$	252,713

Segment Adjusted EBITDA:
Supply Chain Services	$	269,482		$	257,113		$	257,665
Performance Services	67,675			49,915			49,150
Corporate	(56,539		)	(56,539		)	(54,102		)
Adjusted EBITDA	$	280,618		$	250,489		$	252,713

The following table provides the reconciliation of net income (loss) attributable to stockholders to Non-GAAP Adjusted Fully Distributed Net Income and the reconciliation of the numerator and denominator for earnings (loss) per share attributable to stockholders to Non-GAAP Adjusted Fully Distributed Earnings per Share for the six months ended December 31, 2018 and 2017 (in thousands). Refer to "Our Use of Non-GAAP Financial Measures" for further information regarding items excluded in our calculation of Non-GAAP Adjusted Fully Distributed Net Income and Non-GAAP Adjusted Fully Distributed Earnings per Share.



	Six Months Ended December 31,
	2018			2018			2017
	As presented			Previous revenue standard			Previous revenue standard
Net income (loss) attributable to stockholders	$	12,556		$	(9,690	)	$	617,630
Adjustment of redeemable limited partners' capital to redemption amount	56,484			69,104			(638,340		)
Net income attributable to non-controlling interest in Premier LP	117,744			101,158			101,095
Income tax expense	12,597			8,680			244,272
Amortization of purchased intangible assets	27,537			27,537			27,715
Stock-based compensation	14,137			14,137			17,908
Acquisition related expenses	1,764			1,764			4,773
Remeasurement of tax receivable agreement liabilities	—			—			(177,174		)
ERP implementation expenses	387			387			491
Loss on disposal of long-lived assets	—			—			1,720
(Gain) loss on FFF put and call rights	(7,567		)	(7,567		)	15,607
Other expense	1,242			1,242			196
Non-GAAP adjusted fully distributed income before income taxes	236,881			206,752			215,893
Income tax expense on fully distributed income before income taxes ^(a)	61,589			53,756			84,198
Non-GAAP Adjusted Fully Distributed Net Income	$	175,292		$	152,996		$	131,695

Reconciliation of denominator for earnings (loss) per share attributable to stockholders to Non-GAAP Adjusted Fully Distributed Earnings per Share
Weighted Average:
Common shares used for basic and diluted earnings (loss) per share	56,548			56,548			54,059
Potentially dilutive shares	1,036			1,036			553
Conversion of Class B common units	76,293			76,293			85,029
Weighted average fully distributed shares outstanding - diluted	133,877			133,877			139,641


(a)	Reflects income tax expense at an estimated effective income tax rate of 26% and 39% of Non-GAAP adjusted fully distributed income before income taxes for the three months ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively.

The following table provides the reconciliation of earnings (loss) per share attributable to stockholders to Non-GAAP Adjusted Fully Distributed Earnings per Share for the six months ended December 31, 2018 and 2017. Refer to "Our Use of Non-GAAP Financial Measures" for further information regarding items excluded in our calculation of Non-GAAP Adjusted Fully Distributed Earnings per Share.



	Six Months Ended December 31,
	2018			2018			2017
	As presented			Previous revenue standard			Previous revenue standard
Earnings (loss) per share attributable to stockholders	$	0.22		$	(0.17	)	$	11.43
Adjustment of redeemable limited partners' capital to redemption amount	1.00			1.22			(11.81		)
Net income attributable to non-controlling interest in Premier LP	2.08			1.79			1.87
Income tax expense	0.22			0.15			4.52
Amortization of purchased intangible assets	0.49			0.49			0.51
Stock-based compensation	0.25			0.25			0.33
Acquisition related expenses	0.03			0.03			0.09
Remeasurement of tax receivable agreement liabilities	—			—			(3.28		)
ERP implementation expenses	0.01			0.01			0.01
Loss on disposal of long-lived assets	—			—			0.03
(Gain) loss on FFF put and call rights	(0.13		)	(0.13		)	0.29
Other expense	0.02			0.02			—
Impact of corporation taxes ^(a)	(1.09		)	(0.95		)	(1.56		)
Impact of dilutive shares ^(b)	(1.79		)	(1.57		)	(1.49		)
Non-GAAP Adjusted Fully Distributed Earnings Per Share	$	1.31		$	1.14		$	0.94


(a)	Reflects income tax expense at an estimated effective income tax rate of 26% and 39% of Non-GAAP adjusted fully distributed income before income taxes for the three months ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively.


(b)	Reflects impact of dilutive shares, primarily attributable to the assumed conversion of all Class B common units for Class A common stock.

Consolidated Results - Comparison of the Six Months Ended December 31, 2018 to 2017

Net Revenue

Net revenue increased $21.4 million to $823.4 million for the six months ended December 31, 2018 from $802.0 million for the six months ended December 31, 2017.

Net administrative fees revenue increased $17.4 million, or 6%, to $327.7 million for the six months ended December 31, 2018 from $310.3 million for the six months ended December 31, 2017 primarily due to the impact of revenue recognition under the New Revenue Standard. Net administrative fees recognized in the six months ended December 31, 2018 under the Previous Revenue Standard increased $6.3 million, or 2%, to $316.6 million. The increase was primarily driven by further contract penetration of existing members and, to a lesser degree, the impact of conversion of new members to our portfolio, partially offset by higher recoveries in the prior year. We expect our net administrative fees revenue to grow to the extent our existing members increase the utilization of our contracts, additional members convert to our contract portfolio and we increase the number of contracts included in our overall portfolio.

Other services and support revenue increased $9.8 million, or 6%, to $186.7 million for the six months ended December 31, 2018 from $176.9 million for the six months ended December 31, 2017. This revenue growth was primarily driven by applied sciences and cost management consulting services, as revenue is now recognized proportionally to when services are provided under the New Revenue Standard whereas revenue recognition was deferred in certain circumstances until certain performance conditions were met under the Previous Revenue Standard. We expect our other services and support revenue to grow over the long-term to the extent we are able to expand our sales to existing members and additional members begin to utilize our integrated platform of products and services.

Product revenue decreased $5.8 million, or 2%, to $309.0 million for the six months ended December 31, 2018 from $314.8 million for the six months ended December 31, 2017. Growth in oncology and respiratory-related drug revenue was primarily offset by

the $23.9 million impact of revenue recognition under the New Revenue Standard related to our 340B federal discount prescription drug program and to a lesser extent to the direct sourcing business, as well as reimbursement compression in our specialty pharmacy business. 340B revenue, as well as distributor fees associated with direct sourcing revenue, were historically recognized on a gross basis under the Previous Revenue Standard but are now recognized on a net basis under the New Revenue Standard. We expect our integrated pharmacy and direct sourcing product revenues to continue to grow to the extent we are able to increase our product offerings, expand our product sales to existing members and additional members begin to utilize our programs.

Cost of Revenue

Cost of revenue decreased $4.2 million, or 1% to $387.7 million for the six months ended December 31, 2018 from $391.9 million for the six months ended December 31, 2017.

Cost of services revenue decreased $7.6 million, or 8%, from the six months ended December 31, 2017 to 2018, primarily driven by a decrease in salaries and benefits due to headcount reductions and the impact of the New Revenue Standard on the recognition of certain consulting expenses which were historically recognized on a gross basis under the Previous Revenue Standard, but are not recognized on a net basis under the New Revenue Standard. These decreases were partially offset by increased amortization of internally-developed software applications. We expect cost of service revenue to increase to the extent we expand our performance improvement collaboratives and consulting services to members, continue to develop new and existing internally-developed software applications and expand into new product offerings.

Cost of product revenue increased $3.5 million, or 1%, from the six months ended December 31, 2017 to 2018, primarily driven by the growth in revenues associated with our integrated pharmacy business and direct sourcing sales. This increase was partially offset by the impact of the New Revenue Standard on our 340B federal discount prescription drug program. We expect our cost of product revenue to increase to the extent we are able to sell additional integrated pharmacy and direct-sourced medical products to new and existing members and enroll additional members into our integrated pharmacy program. The increased cost of product revenues could reduce our gross profit as a percentage of our net revenues depending on the underlying product sales mix.

Other Operating Income

Other operating income decreased $177.2 million from the six months ended December 31, 2017 to 2018 as a result of the remeasurement of TRA liabilities in the prior year, which was primarily attributable to the 14% decrease in the U.S. federal corporate income tax rate associated with the TCJA.

Operating Expenses

Operating expenses decreased $7.3 million to $244.2 million for the six months ended December 31, 2018 from $251.5 million for the six months ended December 31, 2017.

Selling, General and Administrative

Selling, general and administrative expenses decreased $6.9 million from the six months ended December 31, 2017 to 2018 primarily due to a reduction in deferred compensation plan expense and the impact of the New Revenue Standard on distributor fees associated with direct sourcing revenue. These decreases were partially offset by increased amortization of internally-developed software applications, higher bad debt expense in the current year, expenses related to the Stanson acquisition and increased information technology purchases.

Research and Development

Research and development expenses decreased $0.2 million from the six months ended December 31, 2017 to 2018. Research and development expenses consist of employee-related compensation and benefit expenses and third-party consulting fees for technology professionals, net of capitalized labor, incurred to develop our software-related products and services. We experience fluctuations in our research and development expenditures across reportable periods due to the timing of our software development lifecycles, new product features and functionality, new technologies and upgrades to our service offerings.

Amortization of Purchased Intangible Assets

Amortization of purchased intangible assets remained flat, decreasing $0.2 million from the six months ended December 31, 2017 to 2018. As we execute on our growth strategy and further deploy capital, we expect further increases in amortization of intangible assets in connection with future potential acquisitions.

Other Income (Expense), Net

Other income (expense), net decreased $18.9 million to $7.8 million for the six months ended December 31, 2018 from $(11.1) million for the six months ended December 31, 2017, primarily driven by the gain on the FFF put and call rights in the current period compared to a loss in the prior period (see Note 5 - Fair Value Measurements), partially offset by a loss on deferred compensation plan assets in the current period compared to income in the prior period.

Income Tax Expense

For the six months ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, we recorded tax expense of $12.6 million and $244.3 million, respectively, which equates to effective tax rates of 6% and 75%, respectively. The decrease in effective tax rate is primarily attributable to the remeasurement of deferred tax balances related to the decrease in the U.S. federal corporate income tax rate from 35% to 21%, pursuant to the TCJA enacted on December 22, 2017. Our effective tax rate differs from income taxes recorded at the statutory income tax rate primarily due to partnership income not subject to federal, state and local income taxes and reductions in valuation allowances against deferred tax assets at PHSI. See Note 14 - Income Taxes for more information.

Net Income Attributable to Non-Controlling Interest

Net income attributable to non-controlling interest increased $16.6 million, or 16.4%, to $117.7 million for the six months ended December 31, 2018 from $101.1 million for the six months ended December 31, 2017, primarily attributable to an increase in income of Premier LP offset by a decrease in non-controlling ownership percentage in Premier LP to 53% from 60%, respectively.

Non-GAAP Adjusted EBITDA

Non-GAAP Adjusted EBITDA increased $27.9 million, or 11%, to $280.6 million for the six months ended December 31, 2018 from $252.7 million for the six months ended December 31, 2017, primarily as a result of increased other services and support revenue, growth in net administrative fees revenue and decreases in cost of services revenue. These increases were partially offset by reimbursement compression in specialty pharmacy and an increase in product related costs in direct sourcing.

Supply Chain Services - Comparison of the Six Months Ended December 31, 2018 to 2017

The following table summarizes our results of operations and Non-GAAP Segment Adjusted EBITDA in the Supply Chain Services segment for the six months ended December 31, 2018 and 2017 (in thousands):



	Six Months Ended December 31, 2018
	2018		2018		2017
Supply Chain Services	As presented		Previous revenue standard		Previous revenue standard
Net revenue:
Net administrative fees	$	327,695	$	316,572	$	310,334
Other services and support	6,133		8,262		5,570
Services	333,828		324,834		315,904
Products	308,989		332,865		314,764
Net revenue	642,817		657,699		630,668
Cost of revenue:
Services	123		3,164		2,086
Products	301,155		323,453		297,712
Cost of revenue	301,278		326,617		299,798
Gross profit	341,539		331,082		330,870
Operating expenses:
Selling, general and administrative	79,141		81,053		84,120
Amortization of purchased intangible assets	10,081		10,081		10,017
Operating expenses	89,222		91,134		94,137
Operating income	$	252,317	$	239,948	$	236,733
Depreciation and amortization	988		988		649
Amortization of purchased intangible assets	10,081		10,081		10,017
Acquisition related expenses	1,003		1,003		4,870
Equity in net income of unconsolidated affiliates	3,921		3,921		5,381
Other expense	1,172		1,172		15
Non-GAAP Segment Adjusted EBITDA	$	269,482	$	257,113	$	257,665

Net Revenue

Supply Chain Services segment net revenue increased $12.1 million to $642.8 million for the six months ended December 31, 2018 from $630.7 million for the six months ended December 31, 2017.

Net administrative fees revenue increased $17.4 million, from the six months ended December 31, 2017 to 2018 primarily due to the impact of revenue recognition under the New Revenue Standard. Net administrative fees recognized in the six months ended December 31, 2018 under the Previous Revenue Standard increased $6.3 million, or 2%, to $316.6 million. The increase was primarily driven by further contract penetration of existing members and, to a lesser degree, the impact of conversion of new members to our portfolio, partially offset by higher recoveries in the prior year. We expect our net administrative fees revenue to grow to the extent our existing members increase the utilization of our contracts, additional members convert to our contract portfolio and we increase the number of contracts included in our overall portfolio.

Product revenue for the six months ended December 31, 2018 totaled $309.0 million, compared with $314.8 million for the six months ended December 31, 2017. Growth in oncology and respiratory-related drug revenue was primarily offset by the $23.9 million impact of revenue recognition under the New Revenue Standard related to our 340B federal discount prescription drug program and to a lesser extent to the direct sourcing business, as well as reimbursement compression in our specialty pharmacy business. 340B revenue, as well as distributor fees associated with direct sourcing revenue, were historically recognized on a gross basis under the Previous Revenue Standard but are now recognized on a net basis under the New Revenue Standard. We expect our integrated pharmacy and direct sourcing product revenues to continue to grow to the extent we are able to increase our product offerings, expand our product sales to existing members and additional members begin to utilize our programs.

Cost of Revenue

Supply Chain Services segment cost of revenue increased $1.5 million, to $301.3 million for the six months ended December 31, 2018 from $299.8 million for the six months ended December 31, 2017.

Operating Expenses

Supply Chain Services segment operating expenses decreased $4.9 million, or 5%, to $89.2 million for the six months ended December 31, 2018 from $94.1 million for the six months ended December 31, 2017.

Selling, general and administrative expenses decreased $5.0 million, or 6%, from the six months ended December 31, 2017 to 2018 primarily driven by the impact of the New Revenue Standard on distributor fees associated with direct sourcing revenue along with decreased general overhead expenses in the current year.

Amortization of purchased intangible assets remained flat, increasing $0.1 million from the six months ended December 31, 2017 to 2018.

Segment Adjusted EBITDA

Segment Adjusted EBITDA increased $11.8 million, or 5%, to $269.5 million for the six months ended December 31, 2018 from $257.7 million for the six months ended December 31, 2017. This increase was primarily a result of growth in net administrative fees revenue partially offset by a decrease in equity in net income of unconsolidated affiliates, an increase in reimbursement compression, and increased product costs.

Performance Services - Comparison of the Six Months Ended December 31, 2018 to 2017

The following table summarizes our results of operations and Non-GAAP Segment Adjusted EBITDA in the Performance Services segment for the six months ended December 31, 2018 and 2017 (in thousands):



	Six Months Ended December 31,
	2018		2018			2017
Performance Services	As presented		Previous revenue standard			Previous revenue standard
Net revenue:
Other services and support	180,586		164,800			171,294
Net revenue	180,586		164,800			171,294
Cost of revenue:
Services	86,438		87,943			92,105
Cost of revenue	86,438		87,943			92,105
Gross profit	94,148		76,857			79,189
Operating expenses:
Selling, general and administrative	62,668		63,137			58,308
Research and development	628		628			807
Amortization of purchased intangible assets	17,456		17,456			17,699
Operating expenses	80,752		81,221			76,814
Operating income (loss)	$	13,396	$	(4,364	)	$	2,375
Depreciation and amortization	35,775		35,775			28,853
Amortization of purchased intangible assets	17,456		17,456			17,699
Acquisition related expenses	761		761			(97		)
Equity in net income of unconsolidated affiliates	213		213			127
Other expense	74		74			193
Non-GAAP Segment Adjusted EBITDA	$	67,675	$	49,915		$	49,150

Net Revenue

Other services and support revenue increased $9.3 million, or 5%, to $180.6 million for the six months ended December 31, 2018 from $171.3 million for the six months ended December 31, 2017. Revenue growth was primarily driven by applied sciences and cost management consulting services, as revenue is now recognized proportionally to when services are provided under the New Revenue Standard whereas revenue recognition was deferred in certain circumstances until certain performance conditions were met under the Previous Revenue Standard. We expect our other services and support revenue to grow over the long-term to the extent we are able to expand our sales to existing members and additional members begin to utilize our integrated platform of products and services.

Cost of Revenue

Performance Services segment cost of revenue decreased $5.7 million, or 6%, to $86.4 million for the six months ended December 31, 2018 from $92.1 million for the six months ended December 31, 2017, primarily driven by a decrease in salaries and benefits due to headcount reductions and the impact of the New Revenue Standard on the recognition of certain consulting expenses which were historically recognized on a gross basis under the Previous Revenue Standard, but are not recognized on a net basis under the New Revenue Standard. These decreases were partially offset by increased amortization of internally-developed software applications. We expect cost of service revenue to increase to the extent we expand our performance improvement collaboratives and consulting services to members, continue to develop new and existing internally-developed software applications and expand into new product offerings.

Operating Expenses

Performance Services segment operating expenses increased $4.0 million, or 5%, to $80.8 million for the six months ended December 31, 2018 from $76.8 million for the six months ended December 31, 2017.

Selling, general and administrative expenses increased $4.4 million, or 8%, from the six months ended December 31, 2017 to 2018 primarily driven by increased amortization of internally-developed software applications and higher bad debt expense in the current year.

Amortization of purchased intangible assets decreased $0.2 million, or 1%, from the six months ended December 31, 2017 to 2018.

Segment Adjusted EBITDA

Segment Adjusted EBITDA increased $18.5 million to $67.7 million for the six months ended December 31, 2018 from $49.2 million for the six months ended December 31, 2017. This increase is primarily a result of increased other services and support revenue and decreased cost of services revenue.

Corporate - Comparison of the Six Months Ended December 31, 2018 to 2017

The following table summarizes corporate expenses and Non-GAAP Adjusted EBITDA for the six months ended December 31, 2018 and 2017 (in thousands):



	Six Months Ended December 31,
Corporate	2018			2017
Other operating income:
Remeasurement of tax receivable agreement liabilities	$	—		$	177,174
Other operating income	—			177,174
Operating expenses:
Selling, general and administrative	74,173			80,513
Research and development	4			6
Operating expenses	74,177			80,519
Operating (loss) income	$	(74,177	)	$	96,655
Depreciation and amortization	5,427			4,315
Stock-based compensation	14,137			17,908
Remeasurement of tax receivable agreement liabilities	—			(177,174		)
ERP implementation expenses	387			491
Deferred compensation plan (income) expense	(2,899		)	3,115
Other income	586			588
Non-GAAP Adjusted EBITDA	$	(56,539	)	$	(54,102	)

Operating Expenses

Corporate operating expenses decreased $6.3 million, or 8%, to $74.2 million for the six months ended December 31, 2018 from $80.5 million for the six months ended December 31, 2017.

Selling, general and administrative expenses decreased $6.3 million, or 8%, from the six months ended December 31, 2017 to 2018, primarily driven by a decrease in stock-based compensation expense associated with anticipated achievement of certain performance targets, partially offset by increased information technology purchases.

Non-GAAP Adjusted EBITDA

Non-GAAP Adjusted EBITDA decreased $2.4 million, or 4%, from the six months ended December 31, 2017 to 2018 primarily due to increased information technology purchases.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

As of December 31, 2018, we did not have any off-balance sheet arrangements.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Our principal source of cash has historically been cash provided by operating activities. From time to time we have used, and expect to use in the future, borrowings under our Credit Facility as a source of liquidity. Our primary cash requirements involve operating expenses, working capital fluctuations, capital expenditures, discretionary cash settlement of Class B common unit exchanges under the Exchange Agreement, repurchases of Class A common stock pursuant to stock repurchase programs in place from time to time, acquisitions and related business investments and other general corporate activities. Our capital expenditures typically consist of internally-developed software costs, software purchases and computer hardware purchases.

As of December 31, 2018 and June 30, 2018, we had cash and cash equivalents totaling $110.6 million and $152.4 million, respectively, and there were $100.0 million in outstanding borrowings under the Credit Facility.

We expect cash generated from operations and borrowings under our Credit Facility to provide us with adequate liquidity to fund our anticipated working capital requirements, revenue share obligations, tax payments, capital expenditures, discretionary cash settlement of Class B common unit exchanges under the Exchange Agreement, repurchases of Class A common stock pursuant to stock repurchase programs in place from time to time, and growth for the foreseeable future. Our capital requirements depend on numerous factors, including funding requirements for our product and service development and commercialization efforts, our information technology requirements and the amount of cash generated by our operations. We currently believe that we have adequate capital resources at our disposal to fund currently anticipated capital expenditures, business growth and expansion and current and projected debt service requirements. However, strategic growth initiatives will likely require the use of available cash on hand, cash generated from operations, borrowings under our Credit Facility and other long-term debt and, potentially, proceeds from the issuance of additional equity or debt securities.

Discussion of Cash Flows for the Six Months Ended December 31, 2018 and 2017

A summary of net cash flows follows (in thousands):



	Six Months Ended December 31,
	2018			2017
Net cash provided by (used in):
Operating activities	$	212,309		$	206,515
Investing activities	(106,715		)	(38,622		)
Financing activities	(147,396		)	(161,614		)
Net (decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents	$	(41,802	)	$	6,279

Net cash provided by operating activities increased $5.8 million from the six months ended December 31, 2017 to 2018 primarily driven by increased net administrative fees and other services and support revenue and decreased cost of services revenue and selling, general and administrative expenses in the current period, partially offset by increased working capital needs and reduced product revenue.

Net cash used in investing activities increased $68.1 million from the six months ended December 31, 2017 to 2018 driven by the Stanson acquisition in November 2018 and growth in our internally developed software initiatives in the current period.

Net cash used in financing activities decreased $14.2 million from the six months ended December 31, 2017 to 2018. During the six months ended December 31, 2018, cash outflows included $104.3 million repurchases of Class A common stock under our stock repurchase program, $30.5 million distributions to limited partners of Premier LP, and an $18.0 million TRA payment. During the six months ended December 31, 2017, cash outflows included $70.8 million repurchases of Class A common stock under our stock repurchase program, $45.7 million distributions to limited partners of Premier LP, $20.0 million payments, net of proceeds, under the Credit Facility, and a $16.7 million earn-out liability payment.

Discussion of Non-GAAP Free Cash Flow for the Six Months Ended December 31, 2018 and 2017

We define Non-GAAP Free Cash Flow as net cash provided by operating activities less distributions and TRA payments to limited partners and purchases of property and equipment. Free cash flow does not represent discretionary cash available for spending as it excludes certain contractual obligations such as debt repayments. A summary of Non-GAAP Free Cash Flow and reconciliation to net cash provided by operating activities for the periods presented follows (in thousands):



	Six Months Ended December 31,
	2018			2017
Net cash provided by operating activities	$	212,309		$	206,515
Purchases of property and equipment	(47,289		)	(38,622		)
Distributions to limited partners of Premier LP	(30,458		)	(45,703		)
Payments to limited partners of Premier, LP related to tax receivable agreements ^(a)	(17,975		)	—
Non-GAAP Free Cash Flow	$	116,587		$	122,190


(a)	The timing of tax receivable agreement ("TRA") payments shifted to July from June due to the change in our federal tax filing deadline, which was extended one month to April from March. As a result, we did not make a TRA payment in fiscal 2018.

For the six months ended December 31, 2017 to 2018, Non-GAAP Free Cash Flow decreased $5.6 million driven by the $18.0 million TRA payment made to member owners during the current period and growth in our internally developed software initiatives, partially offset by a $15.2 million decrease in distributions to limited partners of Premier LP, primarily due to tax reform, and $5.8 million increased cash provided by operating activities. See "Our Use of Non-GAAP Financial Measures" above for additional information regarding our use of Non-GAAP Free Cash Flow.

Contractual Obligations

Notes Payable

At December 31, 2018, we had commitments of $7.4 million for obligations under notes payable which represented obligations to departed member owners. Notes payable to departed member owners generally have stated maturities of five years from the date of issuance and are non-interest bearing. See Note 9 - Debt in the accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements for more information.

Credit Facility

Premier LP, along with its consolidated subsidiaries, PSCI and PHSI, as Co-Borrowers, Premier GP and certain domestic subsidiaries of Premier GP, as guarantors, entered into an unsecured Credit Facility, dated as of November 9, 2018. The Credit Facility has a maturity date of November 9, 2023, subject to up to two one-year extensions at the request of the Co-Borrowers and approval of a majority of the lenders under the Credit Facility. The Credit Facility provides for borrowings of up to $1.0 billion with (i) a $50.0 million sub-facility for standby letters of credit and (ii) a $100.0 million sub-facility for swingline loans. The Credit Facility also provides that Co-Borrowers may from time to time (i) incur incremental term loans and (ii) request an increase in the revolving commitments under the Credit Facility, together up to an aggregate of $350.0 million, subject to the approval of the lenders providing such term loans or revolving commitment increase. The Credit Facility includes an unconditional and irrevocable guaranty of all obligations under the Credit Facility by Premier GP, certain domestic subsidiaries of Premier GP and future guarantors, if any. Premier, Inc. is not a guarantor under the Credit Facility.

5.500%. The Co-Borrowers are required to pay a commitment fee ranging from 0.100% to 0.200% per annum on the actual daily unused amount of commitments under the Credit Facility. At December 31, 2018, the commitment fee was 0.100%.

The above summary does not purport to be complete, and is subject to, and qualified in its entirety by reference to, the complete text of the Credit Facility, as amended, which is filed as an exhibit to the 2018 Annual Report. See also Note 9 - Debt in our accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements in Part I of this Quarterly Report.

Member-Owner TRA

We entered into TRAs with each of our member owners. Pursuant to the TRAs, we will pay member owners 85% of the tax savings, if any, in U.S. federal, foreign, state and local income and franchise tax that we actually realize (or are deemed to realize, in the case of payments required to be made upon certain occurrences under such TRAs) in connection with the Section 754 election. The election results in adjustments to the tax basis of the assets of Premier LP upon member owner exchanges of Class B common units of Premier LP for Class A common stock of Premier, Inc., cash or a combination of both. Tax savings are generated as a result of the increases in tax basis resulting from the initial sale of Class B common units, subsequent exchanges (pursuant to the Exchange Agreement) and payments under the TRA.

We had TRA liabilities of $323.1 million and $255.1 million at December 31, 2018 and June 30, 2018, respectively. The $68.0 million increase was primarily attributable to $87.9 million in increases in TRA liabilities in connection with the quarterly member owner exchanges that occurred during the six months ended December 31, 2018 partially offset by $18.0 million in TRA payments to member owners during the six months ended December 31, 2018.

Stock Repurchase Program

On May 7, 2018, our Board of Directors approved the repurchase of up to $250.0 million of our outstanding Class A common stock during fiscal 2019 as a continuation of our balanced capital deployment strategy. Subject to certain terms and conditions, repurchases may be made from time to time through open market purchases or privately negotiated transactions at our discretion, and in accordance with applicable federal securities laws. As of December 31, 2018, we had purchased approximately 2.9 million shares of Class A common stock at an average price of $38.13 per share for a total purchase price of approximately $109.5 million. The repurchase authorization may be expanded, suspended, delayed or discontinued at any time at the discretion of our Board of Directors.

Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

Interest Rate Risk. Our exposure to market risk related primarily to the increase or decrease in the amount of any interest expense we must pay with respect to outstanding debt instruments. At December 31, 2018, we had $100.0 million in outstanding borrowings under the Credit Facility. Committed loans may be in the form of Eurodollar Rate Loans or Base Rate Loans (as defined in the Credit Facility) at our option. Eurodollar Loans bear interest at the Eurodollar rate (defined as the London Interbank Offered Rate, or LIBOR, plus the Applicable Rate (defined as a margin based on the Consolidated Total Net Leverage Ratio (as defined in the Credit Facility))). Base Rate Loans bear interest at the Base Rate (defined as the highest of the prime rate announced by the administrative agent, the federal funds effective rate plus 0.50%, the one-month LIBOR plus 1.0% and 0.0%) plus the Applicable Rate. The Applicable Rate ranges from 1.000% to 1.500% for Eurodollar Loans and 0.000% to 0.500% for Base Rate Loans. At December 31, 2018, the interest rate for three-month Eurodollar Loans was 3.808% and the interest rate for Base Rate Loans was 5.500%.

We invest our excess cash in a portfolio of individual cash equivalents. We do not currently hold, and we have never held, any derivative financial instruments. We do not expect changes in interest rates to have a material impact on our financial condition or results of operations. We plan to ensure the safety and preservation of our invested funds by limiting default, market and investment risks. We plan to mitigate default risk by investing in low-risk securities.

Foreign Currency Risk. Substantially all of our financial transactions are conducted in U.S. dollars. We do not have significant foreign operations and, accordingly, have only minimal market risk associated with foreign currencies.

Item 4. Controls and Procedures

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

We maintain disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) of the Exchange Act) that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in our reports under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC's rules and forms and that such information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our chief executive officer and chief financial officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosures. Any controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable assurance of achieving the desired control objectives.

As of the end of the period covered by this Quarterly Report, we carried out an evaluation under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our chief executive officer and chief financial officer, of the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures. Based upon our evaluation, our chief executive officer and chief financial officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of December 31, 2018.

Management's quarterly evaluation of disclosure controls and procedures did not include an assessment of and conclusion on the effectiveness of disclosure controls and procedures for Stanson, which was acquired during the six months ended December 31, 2018 and is included in our condensed consolidated financial statements as of December 31, 2018 and for the period from the acquisition date through December 31, 2018. The aggregate assets of Stanson were not material to the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet as of December 31, 2018. The net revenue generated by Stanson was not material to the Condensed Consolidated Income Statements for the three and six months ended December 31, 2018.

Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

There have been no changes in our internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act) during the quarter ended December 31, 2018 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting, other than as described below under "New Revenue Standard".

New Revenue Standard

In connection with the adoption of the New Revenue Standard, we have completed the implementation of certain new accounting, data and information related systems in both our Supply Chain Services segment and Performance Services segment. As a result, we have updated the processes that constitute our internal control over financial reporting, as necessary, to accommodate related changes to our accounting procedures and business processes. We will continue to evaluate the implementation of these additional systems and related financial reporting components.

Although the processes that constitute our internal control over financial reporting have been materially affected by the implementation of these new systems, effectiveness testing is ongoing and future changes will require additional testing. We do

not believe that the implementation of these systems has had or will have a material adverse effect on our internal control over financial reporting.

PART II—OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1. Legal Proceedings

We participate in businesses that are subject to substantial litigation. We are, from time to time, involved in litigation, arising in the ordinary course of business or otherwise, which may include claims relating to commercial, product liability, tort and personal injury, employment, antitrust, intellectual property, regulatory, or other matters. If current or future government regulations, specifically those with respect to antitrust or healthcare laws, are interpreted or enforced in a manner adverse to us or our business, we may be subject to enforcement actions, penalties and other material limitations on our business.

In the past, we have been named as a defendant in several lawsuits brought by suppliers of medical products. Typically, these lawsuits have alleged the existence of a conspiracy among manufacturers of competing products and operators of GPOs, including us, to deny the plaintiff access to a market for its products. We believe that we have at all times conducted our business affairs in an ethical and legally compliant manner and have successfully resolved all such actions. We may be subjected to similar actions in the future, and no assurance can be given that such matters will be resolved in a manner satisfactory to us or which will not harm our business, financial condition or results of operations.

Additional information relating to certain legal proceedings in which we are involved is included in Note 16 - Commitments and Contingencies to the accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements, which information is incorporated herein by reference.

Item 1A. Risk Factors

During the quarter ended December 31, 2018, there were no material changes to the risk factors disclosed in "Risk Factors" in the 2018 Annual Report.

Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

Purchases of Equity Securities

On May 7, 2018, we announced that our Board of Directors authorized the repurchase of up to $250.0 million of our outstanding Class A common stock during fiscal 2019 as part of a balanced capital deployment strategy. Subject to compliance with applicable federal securities laws, repurchases were authorized to be made from time to time in open market transactions, privately negotiated transactions, or other transactions, including trades under a plan established in accordance with Rule 10b5-1 under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. All repurchases of our Class A common stock were recorded as treasury shares. The following table summarizes information relating to repurchases of our Class A common stock for the quarter ended December 31, 2018.



Period	Total Number of Shares Purchased	Average Price Paid per Share ($) ⁽¹⁾		Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Program	Approximate Dollar Value of Shares that May Yet be Purchased Under the Program (in millions)⁽²⁾
October 1 through October 31, 2018	—	$	—	—	$	238
November 1 through November 30, 2018	955,383	$	39.31	955,383	$	200
December 1 through December 31, 2018	1,580,455	$	37.71	1,580,455	$	141
Total	2,535,838	$	38.31	2,535,838	$	141


(1)	Average price paid per share excludes fees and commissions.


(2)	From the stock repurchase program's inception through December 31, 2018, we purchased approximately 2.9 million shares of Class A common stock at an average price of $38.13 per share for a total of $109.5 million.

Item 6. Exhibits



Exhibit No.		Description
10.1		Credit Agreement, dated as of November 9, 2018, by and among Premier Healthcare Alliance, L.P., Premier Supply Chain Improvement, Inc. and Premier Healthcare Solutions, Inc., as Co-Borrowers, Premier Services, LLC and certain domestic subsidiaries of Premier Services, LLC, as Guarantors, Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, as Administrative Agent, Swing Line Lender and an L/C Issuer, other lenders from time to time party thereto, and Wells Fargo Securities, LLC and Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith Incorporated as Joint Lead Arrangers and Joint Book Managers. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to our Current Report on Form 8-K filed on November 13, 2018)
10.2		Amended and Restated Premier, Inc. 2013 Equity Incentive Plan, effective December 7, 2018. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to our Current Report on Form 8-K filed on December 7, 2018)
31.1		Certification as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.*
31.2		Certification as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.*
32.1		Certification required by 18 United States Code Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.‡
32.2		Certification required by 18 United States Code Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.‡
101		Sections of the Premier, Inc. Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2018, formatted in XBRL (eXtensible Business Reporting Language), submitted in the following files:
101.INS		XBRL Instance Document.*
101.SCH		XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document.*
101.CAL		XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document.*
101.DEF		XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document.*
101.LAB		XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document.*
101.PRE		XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document.*

* Filed herewith.

‡ Furnished herewith.

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this Quarterly Report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.



			PREMIER, INC.

Date:	February 5, 2019	By:	/s/ Craig S. McKasson
		Name:	Craig S. McKasson
		Title:	Chief Financial Officer and Senior Vice President
			Signing on behalf of the registrant and as principal financial officer and principal accounting officer