Sharks have returned in full numbers to a popular destination in Thailand, creating a difficult situation for an area looking to revive its tourism attraction.
Video of Maya Bay, located on the island of Ko Phi Phi Leh off the southwest of Thailand in the Andaman Sea, shows a heavy volume of beach-goers on the beaches and hesitant to walk deeper into the water as sharks swarm around in the waters just feet away.
"We don’t talk about closing down everywhere or reducing the tourism numbers, but I think we are talking about managing it wisely," said Petch Manopawitr, a marine advisor to Thailand’s National Parks Department.
The shark population returned and thrived over the past four years after a tourism ban and the COVID-19 pandemic restricted all visits to the area.
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The beaches of the island came to prominence following the Leonardo DiCaprio movie "The Beach," released in 2000. At its peak, the island saw 5,000 tourists and 200 boats a day, according to The Guardian.
Local authorities grew concerned with the extensive environmental damage caused by the spike in tourism and announced a "temporary closing" from June 1, 2018. The pause extended from four months to four years, partially due to travel bans implemented to combat the coronavirus.
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Authorities allowed limited tourism to resume in 2022, but observation through the use of drones and underwater cameras allowed researchers to track the number of sharks and notice a decline once tourism was up and running again.
Tourism accounted for 12% of Thailand’s GDP before the pandemic, and revenue for Phi Phi Island National Park dropped by almost half following the tourism ban. The government remains keen to recapture that significant income, but conservationists have pressured for new restrictions, which the government has implemented.
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"We are hoping that with the restrictions in place, we can mitigate the disturbance to (the sharks)," marine researcher Metavee Chuangcharoendee said of the situation. "We are doing this research in hopes that we can find the best way to manage and the best way for tourism and the environment to coexist."
Tour boats must dock on the other side of the island from the beach; visitors must walk to the beach; the number of visitors allowed every hour is capped at 375, and they are allowed to wade only knee-deep into the water.
"If you can create a new image of Maya Bay as a nature reserve ... I think that is actually going to create a new tourism scheme as well and we (are) going to benefit from it overall," said National Parks Department advisor Petch.
Reuters contributed to this report.
