QTSS Upper A

1. Mostly NQ and NQ2 diamond drill holes using standard tube although in 2023 all underground drilling was NQ3 size. Minor sampling from HQ, BQ, LTK48 and LTK60 sized diamond core holes. Prior to mining, the mineral resource is typically defined by drilling on a 20mN x 20 mRL for all systems; however, QTS North is drilled at it tightest to a 20 mN x 37.5 mRL grid. Hole spacing increases to 40 mN x 40 mRL at depth and to 40 mN x 75 mRL below this.
2. Drillhole collars were picked up by site underground surveyors and hole paths by downhole magnetic surveys. Diamond core is used to obtain high quality samples that are logged for lithological, structural, geotechnical and other attributes.
3. Half core samples are mostly 1m in length with sample weights averaging 1.9kg. The cutting and sampling process is carried out at CSA Mine. These samples are crushed and pulverised to produce a sub sample for analysis by aqua regia digestion and ICP-AES analysis for a suit of elements including Cu, Ag, Pb, Zn, Au, Fe and S. High-grade assays are re-analysed to ensure maximum Cu recovery. Sample preparation and assaying is carried out by independent laboratory, Australian Laboratory Services (“ALS”) in Orange, NSW.

1. Mostly NQ and NQ2 diamond drill holes using standard tube with conversion to NQ3 exclusively in 2023. Minor sampling from HQ, BQ, LTK48 and LTK60 sized diamond core holes.

1. Core recovery is measured during the logging process. Driller depth markers and core presentation is checked and corrected where necessary.
2. Core is reconstructed into continuous runs -depths are checked against the depths recorded on the core blocks.
3. Overall, core recovery is 97.5%. Low core recovery does not impact the quality of the CSA data set.

1. Geotechnical logging has been carried out on diamond holes since 2002 to aid in the mine design process. Geological logging of diamond drill core, to a level suitable for the: a) interpretation of domains based on geology and sulphide content. b) for metallurgical sample selection.
2. Core is logged in full by geologists for lithology, mineralogy, structure, RQD. Core is photographed wet prior to sampling.
3. All drillholes are logged in full.

1. Sample intervals of typically 1m lengths are marked on the core by the Geologist. Core is cut in half using an Almonte core saw. Sample intervals are marked in the tray prior to placing half core in calico sample bags. Prior to 2017, bulk density was measured using the Archimedes method at a rate of one interval per core tray Since January 2017, every second hole had a specific gravity determination (via the Archimedes method) at the ALS assaying laboratory.
2. Not applicable – all drilling is diamond core.
3. Sample preparation of diamond core follows industry best practice involving coarse crushing of half core samples down to 70% passing 2mm followed by pulverization of the entire sample to a grind size of 85% passing 75 micron.
4. All QAQC assay data is interrogated upon return from the laboratory using standard QAQC practices. There are strict procedures for processing of the core from markup to placing in a sample bag.
5. Field QC procedures involve the use of certified reference material as assay standards, along with blanks, duplicates and barren waste. The insertion rate for standards and field duplicates (second half core) is 1 in 30.
6. Sample sizes are considered appropriate for the semi-massive to massive style of sulphide mineralisation. Mine reconciliation data supports this.

1. ALS procedure ME-OG46 is followed and is considered to report total Cu recovery. The analytical technique uses aqua regia to digest the sample followed by conventional ICP-AES analysis for a list of elements including Cu, Ag, Pb, Zn, Fe and S. Most of the assay records from holes drilled prior to 2000 have been assayed using an unknown assay technique and are flagged as such in the acQuire database. Assessment of the potential impact of these assays on the resource estimate indicates that the only likely significant effect is on the Eastern and Western Systems mineral resource above 9070 mRL and 9300 mRL. respectively.
2. No geophysical tools were used to determine element concentrations used in the resource estimation.
3. Sample preparation checks at the crushing and pulverizing stage were carried out by the laboratory as part of their internal procedures. Laboratory QAQC involves the use of internal lab standards using certified reference material as part of the in- house procedures. Field duplicates have been collected since 2002, the difference between the mean Cu values on an annual basis is 0.02% Cu and correlation co-efficient value of 0.99 confirming no global bias. For Ag the mean duplicate values on an annual basis have a difference 0.05 g/t and correlation co-efficient value of 0.96; there is no global bias, however bias is often attributed for the higher values and is treated using top- cuts. Overall, there are 14 types of standards in the database. During 2023, eight Certified Reference Material standards with values ranging from blank to 14.7% Cu were inserted into the sample stream.

1. Infill drilling prior to level development and geological mapping is used to verify high grade Cu zones. Chalcopyrite mineralogy is quantified visually during logging and provides a valid tool for assay correlation. Zones of Western and Eastern mineralisation defined by historic drilling were re-drilled to improve estimation quality.
2. Twinned holes are not routinely drilled – mapping and reconciliation data is used to track grade accuracy and repeatability.
3. Primary data was collected on paper log sheets and Excel templates. All data was imported into the on-site acQuire database which runs a series of internal validation procedures.
4. No adjustments or calibrations were made to any assay data used in the estimate.

1. Hole collars were picked up by site underground surveyors. A small proportion of hole collars are based on design coordinates and do not have final survey coordinates. The holes are considered to have an error of <2.0m in the east-west orientation – subsequent infill drilling confirms mineralisation continuity and location of the holes with un-surveyed collars. Drillholes are routinely surveyed downhole using a multi-shot camera at 30m intervals. At the end of a drillhole, a multi-shot is run from end of hole to the collar at 3m intervals.
2. A mine grid coordinate system is used – survey data is captured using the mine grid coordinates, therefore a grid transfer process is not required for the resource estimation process.
3. The surface topography is adequately defined and includes the location of mine infrastructure.

1. Prior to mining the mineral resource is typically defined by drilling on a 20 mN x 20 mRL for all the systems; however, QTS North is drilled at tightest to a 20 mN x 37.5 mRL grid. Hole spacing increases to 40 mN x 40 mRL at depth and to 40 mN x 75 mRL below this. Hole spacing is in important factor in final resource classification.
2. A guide to assay grade continuity was done by comparing sample grades with mapping. Assay grade continuity is quantified by variography studies and built into the resource model using copper kriging metrics to assist classification in accordance with the 2012 JORC Code.
3. Samples are composited to 1m intervals for estimation purposes.

1. Drillholes generally intersect mineralisation orthogonally. The steep plunge of the mineralisation means deeper holes often follow down plunge trends.
2. De-clustered assay mean grades are compared to grade estimates to ensure the influence of de-clustering is minimised in the estimation. Clustering in the deeper parts of the resource has been considered in the resource classification process.

1. Chain of custody is managed by CSA. Samples are stored at the mine site and delivered by a contract transport company to the ALS laboratory in Orange, NSW. Tracking sheets are used by the mine and laboratory to communicate dispatch and arrival details for each batch.

1. Snowden Mining Industry Consultants reviewed the CSA mineral resource estimation and reporting procedures in 2005 and assisted with improvements. Xstract Mining Consultants assisted with the preparation of the June 2010 mineral resource including improvement recommendations. A CMPL Corporate audit was completed in 2015. All of the above audits/reviews included sections on data collection techniques. Early in 2017, Optiro Pty. Ltd completed a study on the QTS North resource, focused on determining the optimum drill spacing.

1. Type, reference name/number, location and ownership including agreements or material issues with third parties such as joint ventures, partnerships, overriding royalties, native title interests, historical sites, wilderness or national park and environmental settings.
2. The security of the tenure held at the time of reporting along with any known impediments to obtaining a licence to operate in the area.

1. The CSA Mine is located on Consolidated Mining Lease No 5 (1992) (CML5), which is owned and operated by Cobar Management Pty Limited (CMPL). CMPL is wholly owned by Metals Acquisition Limited. CMPL holds Exploration Licence No 5693 (EL5693), which encompasses CML5 and Exploration Licence No 5983 (EL5983), which lies 7km north of the CSA Mine.
2. The expiry date for CML5 is 24^th June, 2028.

1. Acknowledgment and appraisal of exploration by other parties.

1. Other parties have not been involved on exploration activities.

1. Deposit type, geological setting and style of mineralisation.

1. CSA Mine mineralisation style is a classic Cobar style deposit. Mineralisation is shear hosted within the CSA Siltstone occurring as steeply plunging dilation zones containing veined, semi-massive and massive sulphides. The major ore bearing sulphide is chalcopyrite with lesser cubanite. Pyrrhotite is the principal sulphide gangue.

1. A summary of all information material to the understanding of the exploration results including a tabulation of the following information for all Material drill holes:
   1. easting and northing of the drill hole collar
   2. elevation or RL (Reduced Level – elevation above sea level in metres) of the drill hole collar
   3. dip and azimuth of the hole
   4. down hole length and interception depth
   5. hole length.
2. If the exclusion of this information is justified on the basis that the information is not Material and this exclusion does not detract from the understanding of the report, the Competent Person should clearly explain why this is the case.

1. See table below.
2. All drill holes have been reported – no information has been excluded.

1. These relationships are particularly important in the reporting of Exploration Results.
2. If the geometry of the mineralisation with respect to the drill hole angle is known, its nature should be reported.
3. If it is not known and only the down hole lengths are reported, there should be a clear statement to this effect (eg ‘down hole length, true width not known’).

1. Overall, the mineralisation structures are trending North-South and vertical.
2. The drilling programs are considering drillhole with azimuth oriented to improve the intercepted angle between mineralization structures and drillhole.
3. Only down hole length is considered for reporting purposes.

1. Appropriate maps and sections (with scales) and tabulations of intercepts should be included for any significant discovery being reported These should include, but not be limited to a plan view of drill hole collar locations and appropriate sectional views.

1. See figures below.

1. Other exploration data, if meaningful and material, should be reported including (but not limited to): geological observations; geophysical survey results; geochemical survey results; bulk samples – size and method of treatment; metallurgical test results; bulk density, groundwater, geotechnical and rock characteristics; potential deleterious or contaminating substances.

1. There is no other substantive exploration data.

1. The nature and scale of planned further work (eg tests for lateral extensions or depth extensions or large-scale step-out drilling).
2. Diagrams clearly highlighting the areas of possible extensions, including the main geological interpretations and future drilling areas, provided this information is not commercially sensitive.

1. Drill holes are planned to test lens extensions along strike and vertical axis.
2. The long section above shows QTS North and QTS Central resource as targets for drilling activities.