SIVB-09.30.2012-10Q
Table of Contents

UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
 
FORM 10-Q
 
 (Mark One)
 
x
QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2012
OR
 
¨
TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the transition period from          to         .
Commission File Number: 000-15637 
SVB FINANCIAL GROUP
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
  
Delaware
 
91-1962278
(State or other jurisdiction of
incorporation or organization)
 
(I.R.S. Employer
Identification No.)
3003 Tasman Drive, Santa Clara, California
 
95054-1191
(Address of principal executive offices)
 
(Zip Code)
(408) 654-7400
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)
 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    Yes  x    No  ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).    Yes  x    No  ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):
Large accelerated filer  x    Accelerated filer  ¨    Non-accelerated filer  ¨    Smaller reporting company  ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).    Yes  ¨    No  x
At October 31, 2012, 44,517,133 shares of the registrant’s common stock ($0.001 par value) were outstanding.


Table of Contents

TABLE OF CONTENTS
 
 
 
Page
 
 
 
Item 1.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Item 2.
 
 
 
Item 3.
 
 
 
Item 4.
 
 
 
 
 
Item 1.
 
 
 
Item 1A.
 
 
 
Item 2.
 
 
 
Item 3.
 
 
 
Item 4.
 
 
 
Item 5.
 
 
 
Item 6.
 
 
 
 

2

Table of Contents

Glossary of Acronyms used in this Report

AICPA – American Institute of Certified Public Accountants
ASC — Accounting Standards Codification
ASU – Accounting Standards Update
EHOP – Employee Home Ownership Program of the Company
EPS – Earnings Per Share
ESOP – Employee Stock Ownership Plan of the Company
ESPP – 1999 Employee Stock Purchase Plan of the Company
FASB – Financial Accounting Standards Board
FDIC – Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation
FHLB – Federal Home Loan Bank
FRB – Federal Reserve Bank
GAAP - Accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America
IASB – International Accounting Standards Board
IFRS – International Financial Reporting Standards
IPO – Initial Public Offering
IRS – Internal Revenue Service
IT – Information Technology
LIBOR – London Interbank Offered Rate
M&A – Merger and Acquisition
OTTI – Other Than Temporary Impairment
SEC – Securities and Exchange Commission
TDR – Troubled Debt Restructuring
UK – United Kingdom
VIE – Variable Interest Entity

3

Table of Contents

PART I - FINANCIAL INFORMATION
ITEM 1.        INTERIM CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)
SVB FINANCIAL GROUP AND SUBSIDIARIES
INTERIM CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (UNAUDITED)
 
(Dollars in thousands, except par value and share data)
 
September 30,
2012
 
December 31,
2011
Assets
 
 
 
 
Cash and cash equivalents
 
$
906,680

 
$
1,114,948

Available-for-sale securities
 
11,047,730

 
10,536,046

Non-marketable securities
 
1,163,815

 
1,004,440

Investment securities
 
12,211,545

 
11,540,486

Loans, net of unearned income
 
8,192,369

 
6,970,082

Allowance for loan losses
 
(101,524
)
 
(89,947
)
Net loans
 
8,090,845

 
6,880,135

Premises and equipment, net of accumulated depreciation and amortization
 
68,270

 
56,471

Accrued interest receivable and other assets
 
299,594

 
376,854

Total assets
 
$
21,576,934

 
$
19,968,894

Liabilities and total equity
 
 
 
 
Liabilities:
 
 
 
 
Noninterest-bearing demand deposits
 
$
12,598,639

 
$
11,861,888

Interest-bearing deposits
 
5,126,427

 
4,847,648

Total deposits
 
17,725,066

 
16,709,536

Short-term borrowings
 
508,170

 

Other liabilities
 
330,038

 
405,321

Long-term debt
 
458,314

 
603,648

Total liabilities
 
19,021,588

 
17,718,505

Commitments and contingencies (Note 11 and Note 14)
 

 


SVBFG stockholders’ equity:
 
 
 
 
Preferred stock, $0.001 par value, 20,000,000 shares authorized;
no shares issued and outstanding
 

 

Common stock, $0.001 par value, 150,000,000 shares authorized;
44,510,524 shares and 43,507,932 shares outstanding, respectively
 
45

 
44

Additional paid-in capital
 
538,454

 
484,216

Retained earnings
 
1,124,415

 
999,733

Accumulated other comprehensive income
 
122,010

 
85,399

Total SVBFG stockholders’ equity
 
1,784,924

 
1,569,392

Noncontrolling interests
 
770,422

 
680,997

Total equity
 
2,555,346

 
2,250,389

Total liabilities and total equity
 
$
21,576,934


$
19,968,894

 

 
See accompanying notes to interim consolidated financial statements (unaudited).

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Table of Contents

SVB FINANCIAL GROUP AND SUBSIDIARIES
INTERIM CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME (UNAUDITED)
 
 
 
Three months ended September 30,
 
Nine months ended September 30,
(Dollars in thousands, except per share amounts)
 
2012
 
2011
 
2012
 
2011
Interest income:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Loans
 
$
121,446

 
$
101,693

 
$
344,842

 
$
284,935

Available-for-sale securities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Taxable
 
38,493

 
39,357

 
129,940

 
124,956

Non-taxable
 
894

 
899

 
2,693

 
2,723

Federal funds sold, securities purchased under agreements to resell and other short-term investment securities
 
1,125

 
1,375

 
3,075

 
4,972

Total interest income
 
161,958

 
143,324

 
480,550

 
417,586

Interest expense:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Deposits
 
1,740

 
1,715

 
4,835

 
7,379

Borrowings
 
5,788

 
6,154

 
18,414

 
24,000

Total interest expense
 
7,528

 
7,869

 
23,249

 
31,379

Net interest income
 
154,430

 
135,455

 
457,301

 
386,207

Provision for (reduction of) loan losses
 
6,788

 
769

 
29,316

 
(2,144
)
Net interest income after provision for loan losses
 
147,642

 
134,686

 
427,985

 
388,351

Noninterest income:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Gains on investment securities, net
 
20,228

 
52,262

 
53,876

 
175,279

Foreign exchange fees
 
12,211

 
11,546

 
36,345

 
32,397

Deposit service charges
 
8,369

 
8,259

 
24,834

 
23,214

Credit card fees
 
6,348

 
4,506

 
18,185

 
12,687

Gains on derivative instruments, net
 
1,111

 
9,951

 
15,800

 
24,153

Letters of credit and standby letters of credit income
 
3,495

 
3,040

 
10,427

 
8,452

Client investment fees
 
3,954

 
2,939

 
10,226

 
9,707

Other
 
13,423

 
3,108

 
39,165

 
23,384

Total noninterest income
 
69,139

 
95,611

 
208,858

 
309,273

Noninterest expense:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Compensation and benefits
 
79,262

 
77,009

 
243,384

 
232,529

Professional services
 
17,759

 
16,122

 
48,880

 
43,000

Premises and equipment
 
11,247

 
7,220

 
28,230

 
19,572

Business development and travel
 
6,838

 
5,886

 
21,743

 
17,429

Net occupancy
 
5,666

 
4,967

 
16,667

 
14,163

Correspondent bank fees
 
3,000

 
2,336

 
8,528

 
6,701

FDIC assessments
 
2,836

 
2,302

 
8,065

 
7,940

(Reduction of) provision for unfunded credit commitments
 
(400
)
 
2,055

 
1,264

 
2,131

Other
 
8,963

 
9,554

 
26,188

 
22,453

Total noninterest expense
 
135,171

 
127,451

 
402,949

 
365,918

Income before income tax expense
 
81,610

 
102,846

 
233,894

 
331,706

Income tax expense
 
28,470

 
26,770

 
83,743

 
92,803

Net income before noncontrolling interests
 
53,140

 
76,076

 
150,151

 
238,903

Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests
 
(10,851
)
 
(38,505
)
 
(25,469
)
 
(102,575
)
Net income available to common stockholders
 
$
42,289

 
$
37,571

 
$
124,682

 
$
136,328

Earnings per common share—basic
 
$
0.95

 
$
0.87

 
$
2.82

 
$
3.18

Earnings per common share—diluted
 
0.94

 
0.86

 
2.79

 
3.12

 See accompanying notes to interim consolidated financial statements (unaudited).

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Table of Contents

SVB FINANCIAL GROUP AND SUBSIDIARIES
INTERIM CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (UNAUDITED)
 
 
 
Three months ended September 30,
 
Nine months ended September 30,
(Dollars in thousands)
 
2012
 
2011
 
2012
 
2011
Net income before noncontrolling interests
 
$
53,140

 
$
76,076

 
$
150,151

 
$
238,903

Other comprehensive income, net of tax:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Change in cumulative translation gains:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Foreign currency translation gains (losses)
 
2,940

 
(5,573
)
 
755

 
(3,682
)
Related tax (expense) benefit
 
(1,190
)
 
2,280

 
(314
)
 
1,506

Change in unrealized gains on available-for-sale securities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Unrealized holding gains
 
27,596

 
93,701

 
64,631

 
168,378

Related tax expense
 
(11,473
)
 
(38,329
)
 
(26,290
)
 
(68,858
)
Reclassification adjustment for losses (gains) included in net income
 
101

 
(5
)
 
(3,592
)
 
(37,288
)
Related tax (benefit) expense
 
(41
)
 
2

 
1,421

 
15,254

Other comprehensive income, net of tax
 
17,933

 
52,076

 
36,611

 
75,310

Comprehensive income
 
71,073

 
128,152

 
186,762

 
314,213

Comprehensive income attributable to noncontrolling interests
 
(10,851
)
 
(38,505
)
 
(25,469
)
 
(102,575
)
Comprehensive income attributable to SVBFG
 
$
60,222

 
$
89,647

 
$
161,293

 
$
211,638

 
 
 
 
 







See accompanying notes to interim consolidated financial statements (unaudited).

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Table of Contents

SVB FINANCIAL GROUP AND SUBSIDIARIES
INTERIM CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY (UNAUDITED)
 
 
 
Common Stock
 
Additional
Paid-in Capital
 
Retained Earnings
 
Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive Income
 
Total SVBFG
Stockholders’ Equity
 
Noncontrolling Interests
 
Total Equity
(Dollars in thousands)
 
Shares
 
Amount
 
 
 
 
 
 
Balance at December 31, 2010
 
42,268,201

 
$
42

 
$
422,334

 
$
827,831

 
$
24,143

 
$
1,274,350

 
$
473,928

 
$
1,748,278

Common stock issued under employee benefit plans, net of restricted stock cancellations
 
999,655

 
1

 
30,271

 

 

 
30,272

 

 
30,272

Common stock issued upon settlement of 3.875% Convertible Notes, net of shares received from associated convertible note hedge
 
1,024

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Income tax benefit from stock options exercised, vesting of restricted stock and other
 

 

 
6,548

 

 

 
6,548

 

 
6,548

Net income
 

 

 

 
136,328

 

 
136,328

 
102,575

 
238,903

Capital calls and distributions, net
 

 

 

 

 

 

 
79,727

 
79,727

Net change in unrealized gains on available-for-sale securities, net of tax
 

 

 

 

 
77,486

 
77,486

 

 
77,486

Foreign currency translation adjustments, net of tax
 

 

 

 

 
(2,176
)
 
(2,176
)
 

 
(2,176
)
Share-based compensation expense
 

 

 
13,290

 

 

 
13,290

 

 
13,290

Balance at September 30, 2011
 
43,268,880

 
$
43

 
$
472,443

 
$
964,159

 
$
99,453

 
$
1,536,098

 
$
656,230

 
$
2,192,328

Balance at December 31, 2011
 
43,507,932

 
$
44

 
$
484,216

 
$
999,733

 
$
85,399

 
$
1,569,392

 
$
680,997

 
$
2,250,389

Common stock issued under employee benefit plans, net of restricted stock cancellations
 
929,032

 
1

 
27,350

 

 

 
27,351

 

 
27,351

Common stock issued under ESOP
 
73,560

 

 
4,345

 

 

 
4,345

 

 
4,345

Income tax benefit from stock options exercised, vesting of restricted stock and other
 

 

 
6,312

 

 

 
6,312

 

 
6,312

Net income
 

 

 

 
124,682

 

 
124,682

 
25,469

 
150,151

Capital calls and distributions, net
 

 

 

 

 

 

 
63,956

 
63,956

Net change in unrealized gains on available-for-sale securities, net of tax
 

 

 

 

 
36,170

 
36,170

 

 
36,170

Foreign currency translation adjustments, net of tax
 

 

 

 

 
441

 
441

 

 
441

Share-based compensation expense
 

 

 
16,231

 

 

 
16,231

 

 
16,231

Balance at September 30, 2012
 
44,510,524

 
$
45

 
$
538,454

 
$
1,124,415

 
$
122,010

 
$
1,784,924

 
$
770,422

 
$
2,555,346

   

See accompanying notes to interim consolidated financial statements (unaudited).

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Table of Contents

SVB FINANCIAL GROUP AND SUBSIDIARIES
INTERIM CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (UNAUDITED)
 
 
Nine months ended September 30,
(Dollars in thousands)
 
2012
 
2011
Cash flows from operating activities:
 
 
 
 
Net income before noncontrolling interests
 
$
150,151

 
$
238,903

Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
 
 
 
 
Provision for (reduction of) loan losses
 
29,316

 
(2,144
)
Provision for unfunded credit commitments
 
1,264

 
2,131

Changes in fair values of derivatives, net
 
(4,411
)
 
(20,334
)
Gains on investment securities, net
 
(53,876
)
 
(175,279
)
Depreciation and amortization
 
22,651

 
19,999

Amortization of premiums and discounts on available-for-sale securities, net
 
42,511

 
18,170

Tax benefit from stock exercises
 
1,245

 
854

Amortization of share-based compensation
 
16,594

 
13,501

Amortization of deferred loan fees
 
(42,308
)
 
(43,806
)
Deferred income tax expense
 
(997
)
 
3,135

Gain on the sale of certain assets related to our equity services management business
 
(4,243
)
 

Net gain from note repurchases and termination of corresponding interest rate swaps
 

 
(3,123
)
Changes in other assets and liabilities:
 
 
 
 
Accrued interest receivable and payable, net
 
(9,084
)
 
(13,919
)
Accounts receivable and payable, net
 
33,277

 
(3,441
)
Income tax payable and receivable, net
 
6,223

 
8,174

Prepaid FDIC assessments and amortization
 
6,896

 
6,468

Accrued compensation
 
(40,600
)
 
9,968

Foreign exchange spot contracts, net
 
(41,188
)
 
10,587

Other, net
 
12,244

 
20,344

Net cash provided by operating activities
 
125,665

 
90,188

Cash flows from investing activities:
 
 
 
 
Purchases of available-for-sale securities
 
(2,859,155
)
 
(5,034,425
)
Proceeds from sales of available-for-sale securities
 
326,178

 
1,414,794

Proceeds from maturities and pay downs of available-for-sale securities
 
2,047,753

 
2,048,439

Purchases of nonmarketable securities (cost and equity method accounting)
 
(114,134
)
 
(43,260
)
Proceeds from sales of nonmarketable securities (cost and equity method accounting)
 
31,903

 
21,524

Purchases of nonmarketable securities (fair value accounting)
 
(99,062
)
 
(127,362
)
Proceeds from sales and distributions of nonmarketable securities (fair value accounting)
 
94,188

 
66,541

Net increase in loans
 
(1,218,366
)
 
(792,169
)
Proceeds from recoveries of charged-off loans
 
8,018

 
21,626

Purchases of premises and equipment
 
(31,548
)
 
(21,600
)
Proceeds from the sale of certain assets related to our equity services management business
 
2,870

 

Net cash used for investing activities
 
(1,811,355
)
 
(2,445,892
)
Cash flows from financing activities:
 
 
 
 
Net increase in deposits
 
1,015,530

 
1,802,281

Increase (decrease) in short-term borrowings
 
508,170

 
(37,245
)
Principal payments of other long term debt
 
(1,222
)
 

Capital contributions from noncontrolling interests, net of distributions
 
63,956

 
79,727

Tax benefit from stock exercises
 
5,067

 
5,694

Proceeds from issuance of common stock and ESPP
 
27,350

 
30,271

Principal payments of 5.70% Senior Notes
 
(141,429
)
 

Payments for repurchases of portions of 5.70% Senior Notes and 6.05% Subordinated Notes, including repurchase premiums and associated fees
 

 
(346,443
)
Proceeds from termination of portions of interest rate swaps associated with 5.70% Senior Notes and 6.05% Subordinated Notes
 

 
36,959

Payments for settlement of 3.875% Convertible Notes
 

 
(250,000
)
Net cash provided by financing activities
 
1,477,422

 
1,321,244

Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents
 
(208,268
)
 
(1,034,460
)
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period
 
1,114,948

 
3,076,432

Cash and cash equivalents at end of period
 
$
906,680

 
$
2,041,972

Supplemental disclosures:
 
 
 
 
Cash paid during the period for:
 
 
 
 
Interest
 
$
28,000

 
$
37,776

Income taxes
 
69,094

 
74,313

Noncash items during the period:
 
 
 
 
Unrealized gains on available-for-sale securities, net of tax
 
$
36,170

 
$
77,486

See accompanying notes to interim consolidated financial statements (unaudited).

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Table of Contents

SVB FINANCIAL GROUP AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO INTERIM CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)
1.
Basis of Presentation
SVB Financial Group is a diversified financial services company, as well as a bank holding company and financial holding company. SVB Financial was incorporated in the state of Delaware in March 1999. Through our various subsidiaries and divisions, we offer a variety of banking and financial products and services to support our clients of all sizes and stages throughout their life cycles. In these notes to our consolidated financial statements, when we refer to “SVB Financial Group,” “SVBFG”, the “Company,” “we,” “our,” “us” or use similar words, we mean SVB Financial Group and all of its subsidiaries collectively, including Silicon Valley Bank (the “Bank”), unless the context requires otherwise. When we refer to “SVB Financial” or the “Parent” we are referring only to the parent company, SVB Financial Group, unless the context requires otherwise.
The accompanying unaudited interim consolidated financial statements reflect all adjustments of a normal and recurring nature that are, in the opinion of management, necessary to fairly present our financial position, results of operations and cash flows in accordance with GAAP. Such unaudited interim consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the instructions to Form 10-Q pursuant to the rules and regulations of the SEC. Certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with GAAP have been condensed or omitted pursuant to such rules and regulations. The results of operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2012 are not necessarily indicative of results to be expected for any future periods. These unaudited interim consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2011 (“2011 Form 10-K”).
The accompanying unaudited interim consolidated financial statements have been prepared on a consistent basis with the accounting policies described in Consolidated Financial Statements and Supplementary Data—Note 2—“Summary of Significant Accounting Policies” under Part II, Item 8 of our 2011 Form 10-K.
The preparation of unaudited interim consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements, and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Estimates may change as new information is obtained. Significant items that are subject to such estimates include measurements of fair value, the valuation of non-marketable securities, the valuation of equity warrant assets, the adequacy of the allowance for loan losses and reserve for unfunded credit commitments, and the recognition and measurement of income tax assets and liabilities.
Principles of Consolidation and Presentation
Our consolidated financial statements include the accounts of SVB Financial Group and entities in which we have a controlling financial interest. We determine whether we have a controlling financial interest in an entity by evaluating whether the entity is a voting interest entity or a variable interest entity and whether the accounting guidance requires consolidation. All significant intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated.
Voting interest entities are entities that have sufficient equity and provide the equity investors voting rights that enable them to make significant decisions relating to the entity’s operations. For these types of entities, the Company’s determination of whether it has a controlling interest is based on ownership of the majority of the entities’ voting equity interest or through control of management of the entities.
VIEs are entities that, by design, either (1) lack sufficient equity to permit the entity to finance its activities without additional subordinated financial support from other parties, or (2) have equity investors that do not have the ability to make significant decisions relating to the entity’s operations through voting rights, or do not have the obligation to absorb the expected losses, or do not have the right to receive the residual returns of the entity. We determine whether we have a controlling financial interest in a VIE by considering whether our involvement with the VIE is significant and designates us as the primary beneficiary based on the following:
1.
We have the power to direct the activities of the VIE that most significantly impact the entity’s economic performance;
2.
The aggregate indirect and direct variable interests held by the Company have the obligation to absorb losses or the right to receive benefits from the entity that could be significant to the VIE; and,
3.
Qualitative and quantitative factors regarding the nature, size, and form of our involvement with the VIE.
Voting interest entities in which we have a controlling financial interest or VIEs in which we are the primary beneficiary are consolidated into our financial statements.
We have not provided financial or other support during the periods presented to any VIE that we were not previously contractually required to provide. We are variable interest holders in certain partnerships for which we are the primary beneficiary.

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We perform on-going reassessments on the status of the entities and whether facts or circumstances have changed in relation to previously evaluated voting interest entities and our involvement in VIEs which could cause our consolidation conclusion to change.
Impact of Adopting ASU No. 2011-04, Amendments to Achieve Common Fair Value Measurement and Disclosure Requirements in U.S. GAAP and IFRS
In May 2011, the FASB issued a new accounting standard which requires new disclosures and clarifies existing guidance surrounding fair value measurement. This standard was issued concurrently with the IASB’s issuance of a fair value measurement standard with the objective of a converged definition of fair value measurement and disclosure guidance. The new guidance clarified that the principal market for a financial instrument should be determined based on the market with the greatest volume and level of activity. This new guidance was effective on a prospective basis for interim and annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2011, and was therefore adopted effective January 1, 2012. This standard clarified how fair value is measured and increased the disclosure requirements for fair value measurements, and did not have a material impact on our financial position, results of operations or stockholders’ equity. See Note 13 – “Fair Value of Financial Instruments” for further details.
Impact of Adopting ASU No. 2011-05, Presentation of Comprehensive Income
In June 2011, the FASB issued a new accounting standard, which requires presentation of the components of total comprehensive income in either a single continuous statement of comprehensive income or in two separate but consecutive statements. Regardless of which option is chosen, reclassification adjustments for items that are reclassified from other comprehensive income to net income are required to be shown on the face of the financial statements. In December 2011, the FASB approved a proposed update, which indefinitely defers the requirements of ASU No. 2011-05 to present components of reclassifications of other comprehensive income on the face of the income statement. This new guidance did not change the items that must be reported in other comprehensive income or when an item of other comprehensive income must be reclassified to net income. The guidance was effective on a retrospective basis for the interim and annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2011, and was therefore adopted effective January 1, 2012. This standard only clarified the presentation of comprehensive income and did not affect our financial position, results of operations or stockholders’ equity.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
In December 2011, the FASB issued a new accounting standard (ASU No. 2011-11, Disclosures about Offsetting Assets and Liabilities), which requires new disclosures surrounding financial instruments and derivative instruments that are offset on the statement of financial position, or are eligible for offset subject to a master netting arrangement. This standard was issued concurrent with the IASB’s issuance of a similar standard with the objective of converged disclosure guidance. The guidance is effective on a retrospective basis for the interim and annual reporting periods beginning after January 1, 2013. We are currently assessing the impact of this guidance, however we do not expect it to have a material impact on our financial position, results of operations or stockholders’ equity.
Reclassifications
Certain prior period amounts have been reclassified to conform to the current period presentations.
2.
Stockholders’ Equity and EPS
EPS
Basic EPS is the amount of earnings available to each share of common stock outstanding during the reporting period. Diluted EPS is the amount of earnings available to each share of common stock outstanding during the reporting period adjusted to include the effect of potentially dilutive common shares. Potentially dilutive common shares include incremental shares issued for stock options and restricted stock units outstanding under our equity incentive plans, our ESPP, and for certain prior periods, our 3.875% convertible senior notes (“3.875% Convertible Notes”). Potentially dilutive common shares are excluded from the computation of dilutive EPS in periods in which the effect would be antidilutive. The following is a reconciliation of basic EPS to diluted EPS for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011:

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Table of Contents

 
 
Three months ended September 30,
 
Nine months ended September 30,
(Dollars and shares in thousands, except per share amounts)
 
2012
 
2011
 
2012
 
2011
Numerator:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net income available to common stockholders
 
$
42,289

 
$
37,571

 
$
124,682

 
$
136,328

Denominator:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Weighted average common shares outstanding-basic
 
44,449

 
43,233

 
44,147

 
42,882

Weighted average effect of dilutive securities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Stock options and ESPP
 
346

 
452

 
402

 
610

Restricted stock units
 
120

 
106

 
143

 
122

3.875% Convertible Notes (1)
 

 

 

 
27

Denominator for diluted calculation
 
44,915

 
43,791

 
44,692

 
43,641

Earnings per common share:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Basic
 
$
0.95

 
$
0.87

 
$
2.82

 
$
3.18

Diluted
 
$
0.94

 
$
0.86

 
$
2.79

 
$
3.12

 
 
(1)
Our $250 million 3.875% Convertible Notes matured on April 15, 2011.
The following table summarizes the weighted-average common shares excluded from the diluted EPS calculation as they were deemed to be antidilutive for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011:
 
 
Three months ended September 30,
 
Nine months ended September 30,
(Shares in thousands)
 
2012
 
2011
 
2012
 
2011
Stock options
 
795

 
1,264

 
658

 
663

Restricted stock units
 
220

 
279

 

 
128

Total
 
1,015

 
1,543

 
658

 
791

3.
Share-Based Compensation
For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011, we recorded share-based compensation and related tax benefits as follows: 
 
 
Three months ended September 30,
 
Nine months ended September 30,
(Dollars in thousands)
 
2012
 
2011
 
2012
 
2011
Share-based compensation expense
 
$
5,617

 
$
4,552

 
$
16,594

 
$
13,501

Income tax benefit related to share-based compensation expense
 
(1,720
)
 
(1,256
)
 
(4,408
)
 
(3,532
)
Unrecognized Compensation Expense
As of September 30, 2012, unrecognized share-based compensation expense was as follows:
(Dollars in thousands)
 
  Unrecognized  
Expense
 
Average
Expected
Recognition
  Period - in Years  
Stock options
 
$
17,308

 
2.80
Restricted stock units
 
26,662

 
2.81
Total unrecognized share-based compensation expense
 
$
43,970

 
 
Share-Based Payment Award Activity
The table below provides stock option information related to the 1997 Equity Incentive Plan and the 2006 Equity Incentive Plan for the nine months ended September 30, 2012:

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Options
 
Weighted
Average
 Exercise Price 
 
Weighted
Average
Remaining
Contractual
  Life in Years  
 
Aggregate
  Intrinsic Value  
of In-The-
Money
Options
Outstanding at December 31, 2011
 
2,439,360

 
$
42.64

 
 
 
 
Granted
 
395,563

 
63.90

 
 
 
 
Exercised
 
(680,929
)
 
35.28

 
 
 
 
Forfeited
 
(56,996
)
 
47.90

 
 
 
 
Expired
 
(4,568
)
 
42.50

 
 
 
 
Outstanding at September 30, 2012
 
2,092,430

 
48.91

 
4.14
 
$
25,582,079

Vested and expected to vest at September 30, 2012
 
2,003,907

 
48.50

 
4.07
 
25,221,007

Exercisable at September 30, 2012
 
1,088,716

 
44.35

 
2.88
 
17,542,729

The aggregate intrinsic value of outstanding options shown in the table above represents the pretax intrinsic value based on our closing stock price of $60.46 as of September 30, 2012. The total intrinsic value of options exercised during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2012 was $3.0 million and $16.7 million, respectively, compared to $3.2 million and $19.0 million for the comparable 2011 periods.
The table below provides information for restricted stock units under the 2006 Equity Incentive Plan for the nine months ended September 30, 2012:
 
 
Shares    
 
Weighted
Average
    Grant Date Fair    
Value
Nonvested at December 31, 2011
 
499,119

 
$
52.72

Granted
 
313,040

 
63.83

Vested
 
(144,953
)
 
51.25

Forfeited
 
(26,700
)
 
54.89

Nonvested at September 30, 2012
 
640,506

 
58.39

4.
Cash and Cash Equivalents
The following table details our cash and cash equivalents at September 30, 2012 and December 31, 2011:
(Dollars in thousands)
 
September 30, 2012
 
December 31, 2011
Cash and due from banks (1)
 
$
678,239

 
$
852,010

Securities purchased under agreements to resell (2)
 
116,276

 
175,553

Other short-term investment securities
 
112,165

 
87,385

Total cash and cash equivalents
 
$
906,680

 
$
1,114,948

 
 
(1)
At September 30, 2012 and December 31, 2011, $139.1 million and $100.1 million, respectively, of our cash and due from banks was deposited at the FRB and was earning interest at the Federal Funds target rate, and interest-earning deposits in other financial institutions were $187.6 million and $371.5 million, respectively.
(2)
At September 30, 2012 and December 31, 2011, securities purchased under agreements to resell were collateralized by U.S. treasury securities and U.S. agency securities with aggregate fair values of $118.6 million and $179.1 million, respectively. None of these securities received as collateral were sold or repledged as of September 30, 2012 and December 31, 2011.
5.
Investment Securities
Our investment securities portfolio consists of both an available-for-sale securities portfolio, which represents interest-earning investment securities, and a non-marketable securities portfolio, which primarily represents investments managed as part of our funds management business.

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Table of Contents

The major components of our investment securities portfolio at September 30, 2012 and December 31, 2011 are as follows:
 
 
September 30, 2012
 
December 31, 2011
(Dollars in thousands)
 
Amortized
Cost
 
Unrealized
Gains
 
Unrealized
Losses
 
Carrying
Value
 
Amortized
Cost
 
Unrealized
Gains
 
Unrealized
Losses
 
Carrying
Value
Available-for-sale securities, at fair value:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
U.S. treasury securities
 
$
25,101

 
$
328

 
$

 
$
25,429

 
$
25,233

 
$
731

 
$

 
$
25,964

U.S. agency debentures
 
2,857,336

 
78,814

 

 
2,936,150

 
2,822,158

 
52,864

 
(90
)
 
2,874,932

Residential mortgage-backed securities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Agency-issued mortgage-backed securities
 
1,535,934

 
54,648

 

 
1,590,582

 
1,529,466

 
34,926

 
(106
)
 
1,564,286

Agency-issued collateralized mortgage obligations—fixed rate
 
4,119,707

 
49,160

 
(742
)
 
4,168,125

 
3,317,285

 
56,546

 
(71
)
 
3,373,760

Agency-issued collateralized mortgage obligations—variable rate
 
1,928,853

 
10,951

 
(5
)
 
1,939,799

 
2,416,158

 
1,554

 
(4,334
)
 
2,413,378

Agency-issued commercial mortgage-backed securities
 
273,021

 
6,486

 

 
279,507

 
176,646

 
2,047

 

 
178,693

Municipal bonds and notes
 
91,643

 
8,578

 

 
100,221

 
92,241

 
8,257

 

 
100,498

Equity securities
 
3,941

 
4,265

 
(289
)
 
7,917

 
5,554

 
180

 
(1,199
)
 
4,535

Total available-for-sale securities
 
$
10,835,536

 
$
213,230

 
$
(1,036
)
 
$
11,047,730

 
$
10,384,741

 
$
157,105

 
$
(5,800
)
 
$
10,536,046

Non-marketable securities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Non-marketable securities (fair value accounting):
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Venture capital and private equity fund investments (1)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
658,409

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
611,824

Other venture capital investments (2)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
118,622

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
124,121

Other investments
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
987

Non-marketable securities (equity method accounting):
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Other investments (3)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
141,761

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
68,252

Low income housing tax credit funds
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
66,806

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
34,894

Non-marketable securities (cost method accounting):
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Venture capital and private equity fund investments (4)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
158,275

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
145,007

Other investments
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
19,942

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
19,355

Total non-marketable securities
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
1,163,815

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
1,004,440

Total investment securities
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
$
12,211,545

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
$
11,540,486

 
 
(1)
The following table shows the amounts of venture capital and private equity fund investments held by the following consolidated funds and our ownership percentage of each fund at September 30, 2012 and December 31, 2011 (fair value accounting):

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Table of Contents

 
 
September 30, 2012
 
December 31, 2011
(Dollars in thousands)
 
Amount
 
Ownership %
 
Amount
 
Ownership %
SVB Strategic Investors Fund, LP
 
$
35,963

 
12.6
%
 
$
39,567

 
12.6
%
SVB Strategic Investors Fund II, LP
 
103,302

 
8.6

 
122,619

 
8.6

SVB Strategic Investors Fund III, LP
 
208,809

 
5.9

 
218,429

 
5.9

SVB Strategic Investors Fund IV, LP
 
161,082

 
5.0

 
122,076

 
5.0

Strategic Investors Fund V Funds
 
28,908

 
Various

 
8,838

 
0.3

SVB Capital Preferred Return Fund, LP
 
51,460

 
20.0

 
42,580

 
20.0

SVB Capital—NT Growth Partners, LP
 
61,253

 
33.0

 
43,958

 
33.0

SVB Capital Partners II, LP (i)
 
1,341

 
5.1

 
2,390

 
5.1

Other private equity fund (ii)
 
6,291

 
58.2

 
11,367

 
58.2

Total venture capital and private equity fund investments
 
$
658,409

 
 
 
$
611,824

 
 
 
 
(i)
At September 30, 2012, we had a direct ownership interest of 1.3 percent and an indirect ownership interest of 3.8 percent in the fund through our ownership interest of SVB Strategic Investors Fund II, LP.
(ii)
At September 30, 2012, we had a direct ownership interest of 41.5 percent and indirect ownership interests of 12.6 percent and 4.1 percent in the fund through our ownership interest of SVB Capital—NT Growth Partners, LP and SVB Capital Preferred Return Fund, LP, respectively.
(2)
The following table shows the amounts of other venture capital investments held by the following consolidated funds and our ownership percentage of each fund at September 30, 2012 and December 31, 2011 (fair value accounting):
 
 
September 30, 2012
 
December 31, 2011
(Dollars in thousands)
 
Amount
 
Ownership %
 
Amount
 
Ownership %
Silicon Valley BancVentures, LP
 
$
16,737

 
10.7
%
 
$
17,878

 
10.7
%
SVB Capital Partners II, LP (i)
 
55,686

 
5.1

 
61,099

 
5.1

SVB India Capital Partners I, LP
 
42,713

 
14.4

 
42,832

 
14.4

SVB Capital Shanghai Yangpu Venture Capital Fund
 
3,486

 
6.8

 
2,312

 
6.8

Total other venture capital investments
 
$
118,622

 
 
 
$
124,121

 
 
 
 
(i)
At September 30, 2012, we had a direct ownership interest of 1.3 percent and an indirect ownership interest of 3.8 percent in the fund through our ownership of SVB Strategic Investors Fund II, LP.
(3)
The following table shows the carrying value and our ownership percentage of each investment at September 30, 2012 and December 31, 2011 (equity method accounting):
 
 
September 30, 2012
 
December 31, 2011
(Dollars in thousands)
 
Amount
 
Ownership %
 
Amount
 
Ownership %
Gold Hill Venture Lending 03, LP (i)
 
$
9,187

 
9.3
%
 
$
16,072

 
9.3
%
Gold Hill Capital 2008, LP (ii)
 
20,491

 
15.5

 
19,328

 
15.5

Partners for Growth II, LP
 
3,199

 
24.2

 
3,785

 
24.2

China Joint Venture investment (iii)
 
78,484

 
50.0

 

 

Other investments
 
30,400

 
N/A 

 
29,067

 
N/A 

Total other investments (equity method accounting)
 
$
141,761

 
 
 
$
68,252

 
 
 
 
(i)
At September 30, 2012, we had a direct ownership interest of 4.8 percent in the fund and an indirect interest in the fund through our investment in Gold Hill Venture Lending Partners 3, LLC (“GHLLC”) of 4.5 percent.
(ii)
At September 30, 2012, we had a direct ownership interest of 11.5 percent in the fund and an indirect interest in the fund through our investment in Gold Hill Capital 2008, LLC of 4.0 percent.
(iii)
On May 3, 2012, we contributed $79.7 million to SPD Silicon Valley Bank Co., Ltd. ("SPD-SVB"), our joint venture bank in China.

14

Table of Contents

(4)
Represents investments in 325 and 329 funds (primarily venture capital funds) at September 30, 2012 and December 31, 2011, respectively, where our ownership interest is less than 5% of the voting interests of each such fund and in which we do not have the ability to exercise significant influence over the partnerships operating activities and financial policies. For the three months ended September 30, 2012, we recognized OTTI losses of $0.4 million resulting from other-than-temporary declines in value for 17 of the 325 investments. For the nine months ended September 30, 2012, we recognized OTTI losses of $0.9 million resulting from other-than-temporary declines in value for 43 of the 325 investments. The OTTI losses are included in net gains on investment securities, a component of noninterest income. We concluded that any declines in value for the remaining investments were temporary and as such, no OTTI was required to be recognized. At September 30, 2012, the carrying value of these venture capital and private equity fund investments (cost method accounting) was $158.3 million, and the estimated fair value was $190.0 million.
The following table summarizes our unrealized losses on our available-for-sale securities portfolio into categories of less than 12 months, or 12 months or longer as of September 30, 2012:
 
 
September 30, 2012
 
 
Less than 12 months
 
12 months or longer
 
Total
(Dollars in thousands)
 
Fair Value of
Investments
 
Unrealized
Losses
 
Fair Value of
Investments
 
Unrealized
Losses
 
Fair Value of
Investments
 
Unrealized
Losses
Residential mortgage-backed securities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Agency-issued collateralized mortgage obligations—fixed rate
 
$
205,942

 
$
(742
)
 
$

 
$

 
$
205,942

 
$
(742
)
Agency-issued collateralized mortgage obligations—variable rate
 
10,611

 
(5
)
 

 

 
10,611

 
(5
)
Equity securities
 
1,551

 
(95
)
 
250

 
(194
)
 
1,801

 
(289
)
Total temporarily impaired securities (1)
 
$
218,104

 
$
(842
)
 
$
250

 
$
(194
)
 
$
218,354

 
$
(1,036
)
 
 
(1)
As of September 30, 2012, we identified a total of 10 investments that were in unrealized loss positions, of which three investments totaling $0.3 million with unrealized losses of $0.2 million have been in an impaired position for a period of time greater than 12 months. As of September 30, 2012, we do not intend to sell any impaired debt or equity securities prior to recovery of our adjusted cost basis, and it is more likely than not that we will not be required to sell any of our securities prior to recovery of our adjusted cost basis. Based on our analysis as of September 30, 2012, we deem all impairments to be temporary, and therefore changes in value for our temporarily impaired securities as of the same date are included in other comprehensive income. Market valuations and impairment analyses on assets in the available-for-sale securities portfolio are reviewed and monitored on a quarterly basis.
The following table summarizes our unrealized losses on our available-for-sale securities portfolio into categories of less than 12 months, or 12 months or longer as of December 31, 2011:
 
 
December 31, 2011
 
 
Less than 12 months
 
12 months or longer
 
Total
(Dollars in thousands)
 
Fair Value of
Investments
 
Unrealized
Losses
 
Fair Value of
Investments
 
Unrealized
Losses
 
Fair Value of
Investments
 
Unrealized
Losses
U.S. agency debentures
 
$
50,994

 
$
(90
)
 
$

 
$

 
$
50,994

 
$
(90
)
Residential mortgage-backed securities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Agency-issued mortgage-backed securities
 
54,588

 
(106
)
 

 

 
54,588

 
(106
)
Agency-issued collateralized mortgage obligations—fixed rate
 
50,125

 
(71
)
 

 

 
50,125

 
(71
)
Agency-issued collateralized mortgage obligations—variable rate
 
1,521,589

 
(4,334
)
 

 

 
1,521,589

 
(4,334
)
Equity securities
 
3,831

 
(1,199
)
 

 

 
3,831

 
(1,199
)
Total temporarily impaired securities
 
$
1,681,127

 
$
(5,800
)
 
$

 
$

 
$
1,681,127

 
$
(5,800
)


15

Table of Contents

The following table summarizes the remaining contractual principal maturities and fully taxable equivalent yields on debt securities classified as available-for-sale as of September 30, 2012. Interest income on certain municipal bonds and notes (non-taxable investments) are presented on a fully taxable equivalent basis using the federal statutory tax rate of 35.0 percent. The weighted average yield is computed using the amortized cost of debt securities, which are reported at fair value. For U.S. treasury securities, the expected maturity is the actual contractual maturity of the notes. Expected remaining maturities for certain U.S. agency debentures may occur earlier than their contractual maturities because the note issuers have the right to call outstanding amounts ahead of their contractual maturity. Expected maturities for mortgage-backed securities may differ significantly from their contractual maturities because mortgage borrowers have the right to prepay outstanding loan obligations with or without penalties. Mortgage-backed securities classified as available-for-sale typically have original contractual maturities from 10 to 30 years whereas expected average lives of these securities tend to be significantly shorter and vary based upon structure.
 
 
September 30, 2012
 
 
Total
 
One Year
or Less
 
After One
Year to
Five Years
 
After Five
Years to
Ten Years
 
After
Ten Years
(Dollars in
thousands)
 
Carrying
Value
 
Weighted-
Average
Yield
 
Carrying
Value
 
Weighted-
Average
Yield
 
Carrying
Value
 
Weighted-
Average
Yield
 
Carrying
Value
 
Weighted-
Average
Yield
 
Carrying
Value
 
Weighted-
Average
Yield
U.S. treasury securities
 
$
25,429

 
2.39
%
 
$
25,429

 
2.39
%
 
$

 
%
 
$

 
%
 
$

 
%
U.S. agency debentures
 
2,936,150

 
1.56

 
51,027

 
1.05

 
2,653,180

 
1.49

 
231,943

 
2.43

 

 

Residential mortgage-backed securities:
 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Agency-issued mortgage-backed securities
 
1,590,582

 
2.34

 

 

 

 

 
1,470,437

 
2.27

 
120,145

 
3.29

Agency-issued collateralized mortgage obligations - fixed rate
 
4,168,125

 
2.06

 

 

 

 

 

 

 
4,168,125

 
2.06

Agency-issued collateralized mortgage obligations - variable rate
 
1,939,799

 
0.70

 

 

 

 

 

 

 
1,939,799

 
0.70

Agency-issued commercial mortgage-backed securities
 
279,507

 
2.01

 

 

 

 

 

 

 
279,507

 
2.01

Municipal bonds and notes
 
100,221

 
4.99

 
933

 
5.20

 
17,333

 
5.60

 
49,532

 
6.02

 
32,423

 
6.24

Total
 
$
11,039,813

 
1.75

 
$
77,389

 
1.54

 
$
2,670,513

 
1.52

 
$
1,751,912

 
2.39

 
$
6,539,999

 
1.70


16

Table of Contents

The following table presents the components of gains and losses (realized and unrealized) on investment securities for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011:
 
 
Three months ended September 30,
 
Nine months ended September 30,
(Dollars in thousands)
 
2012
 
2011
 
2012
 
2011
Gross gains on investment securities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Available-for-sale securities, at fair value (1)
 
$
20

 
$
5

 
$
5,363

 
$
37,382

Marketable securities (fair value accounting)
 
255

 
470

 
3,874

 
912

Non-marketable securities (fair value accounting):
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Venture capital and private equity fund investments
 
28,639

 
34,640

 
88,037

 
117,344

Other venture capital investments
 
2,515

 
22,058

 
5,848

 
29,077

Other investments
 

 

 
21

 
20

Non-marketable securities (equity method accounting):
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Other investments
 
5,571

 
2,192

 
12,382

 
8,708

Non-marketable securities (cost method accounting):
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Venture capital and private equity fund investments
 
694

 
735

 
1,639

 
1,791

Other investments
 
1,406

 
8

 
1,712

 
2,437

Total gross gains on investment securities
 
39,100

 
60,108

 
118,876

 
197,671

Gross losses on investment securities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Available-for-sale securities, at fair value (1)
 
(121
)
 

 
(1,771
)
 
(94
)
Marketable securities (fair value accounting)
 
(553
)
 
(1,691
)
 
(1,307
)
 
(5,806
)
Non-marketable securities (fair value accounting):
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Venture capital and private equity fund investments
 
(16,557
)
 
(2,373
)
 
(49,090
)
 
(9,274
)
Other venture capital investments
 
(125
)
 
(3,351
)
 
(10,007
)
 
(5,015
)
Other investments
 

 
(16
)
 

 
(16
)
Non-marketable securities (equity method accounting):
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Other investments
 
(1,091
)
 
(50
)
 
(1,794
)
 
(1,359
)
Non-marketable securities (cost method accounting):
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Venture capital and private equity fund investments
 
(423
)
 
(365
)
 
(963
)
 
(797
)
Other investments
 
(2
)
 

 
(68
)
 
(31
)
Total gross losses on investment securities
 
(18,872
)
 
(7,846
)
 
(65,000
)
 
(22,392
)
Gains on investment securities, net
 
$
20,228

 
$
52,262

 
$
53,876

 
$
175,279

Gains attributable to noncontrolling interests, including carried interest
 
$
12,776

 
$
42,961

 
$
34,616

 
$
112,783

 
 
(1)
Includes realized gains on sales of available-for-sale securities that are recognized in the income statement. Unrealized gains on available-for-sale securities are recognized in other comprehensive income. The cost basis of available-for-sale securities sold is determined on a specific identification basis.
6.
Loans and Allowance for Loan Losses
We serve a variety of commercial clients in the technology, life science, venture capital/private equity and premium wine industries. Our technology clients generally tend to be in the industries of hardware (semiconductors, communications and electronics), software and related services, and clean technology. Because of the diverse nature of clean technology products and services, for our loan-related reporting purposes, cleantech-related loans are reported under our hardware, software, life science and other commercial loan categories, as applicable. Our life science clients are concentrated in the medical devices and biotechnology sectors. Loans made to venture capital/private equity firm clients typically enable them to fund investments prior to their receipt of funds from capital calls. Loans to the premium wine industry focus on vineyards and wineries that produce grapes and wines of high quality.
In addition to commercial loans, we make loans through SVB Private Bank primarily to venture capital/private equity

17

Table of Contents

professionals. These products and services include real estate secured home equity lines of credit, which may be used to finance real estate investments and loans used to purchase, renovate or refinance personal residences. These products and services also include restricted stock purchase loans and capital call lines of credit. We also provide real estate secured loans to eligible employees through our EHOP.
We also provide community development loans made as part of our responsibilities under the Community Reinvestment Act. These loans are included within “Construction loans” below and are primarily secured by real estate.
The composition of loans, net of unearned income of $73.8 million and $60.2 million at September 30, 2012 and December 31, 2011, respectively, is presented in the following table:
(Dollars in thousands)
 
September 30, 2012
 
December 31, 2011
Commercial loans:
 
 
 
 
Software
 
$
2,952,866

 
$
2,492,849

Hardware
 
1,192,716

 
952,303

Venture capital/private equity
 
1,393,943

 
1,117,419

Life science
 
1,027,693

 
863,737

Premium wine
 
133,810

 
130,245

Other
 
309,970

 
342,147

Total commercial loans
 
7,010,998

 
5,898,700

Real estate secured loans:
 
 
 
 
Premium wine (1)
 
379,837

 
345,988

Consumer loans (2)
 
609,370

 
534,001

Total real estate secured loans
 
989,207

 
879,989

Construction loans
 
48,558

 
30,256

Consumer loans
 
143,606

 
161,137

Total loans, net of unearned income (3)
 
$
8,192,369

 
$
6,970,082

 
 
(1)
Included in our premium wine portfolio are gross construction loans of $148.4 million and $110.8 million at September 30, 2012 and December 31, 2011, respectively.
(2)
Consumer loans secured by real estate at September 30, 2012 and December 31, 2011 were comprised of the following:
(Dollars in thousands)
 
September 30, 2012
 
December 31, 2011
Loans for personal residence
 
$
432,004

 
$
350,359

Loans to eligible employees
 
107,969

 
99,704

Home equity lines of credit
 
69,397

 
83,938

Consumer loans secured by real estate
 
$
609,370

 
$
534,001

(3)
Included within our total loan portfolio are credit card loans of $66.2 million and $49.7 million at September 30, 2012 and December 31, 2011, respectively.

18

Table of Contents

Credit Quality
The composition of loans, net of unearned income of $73.8 million and $60.2 million at September 30, 2012 and December 31, 2011, respectively, broken out by portfolio segment and class of financing receivable is as follows:
(Dollars in thousands)
 
September 30,
2012
 
December 31,
2011
Commercial loans:
 
 
 
 
Software
 
$
2,952,866

 
$
2,492,849

Hardware
 
1,192,716

 
952,303

Venture capital/private equity
 
1,393,943

 
1,117,419

Life science
 
1,027,693

 
863,737

Premium wine
 
513,647

 
476,233

Other
 
358,528

 
372,403

Total commercial loans
 
7,439,393

 
6,274,944

Consumer loans:
 
 
 
 
Real estate secured loans
 
609,370

 
534,001

Other consumer loans
 
143,606

 
161,137

Total consumer loans
 
752,976

 
695,138

Total loans, net of unearned income
 
$
8,192,369

 
$
6,970,082


19

Table of Contents

The following table summarizes the aging of our gross loans, broken out by portfolio segment and class of financing receivable as of September 30, 2012 and December 31, 2011:
(Dollars in thousands)
 
30 - 59
  Days Past  
Due
 
60 - 89
  Days Past  
Due
 
Greater
Than 90
  Days Past  
Due
 
  Total Past  
Due
 
Current  
 
  Loans Past Due  
90 Days or
More Still
Accruing
Interest
September 30, 2012:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial loans:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Software
 
$
5,323

 
$
273

 
$

 
$
5,596

 
$
2,975,008

 
$

Hardware
 
8,901

 
181

 
5,000

 
14,082

 
1,163,848

 
5,000

Venture capital/private equity
 
1,651

 

 

 
1,651

 
1,406,695

 

Life science
 
8,646

 
1,875

 

 
10,521

 
1,027,806

 

Premium wine
 
49

 

 

 
49

 
512,621

 

Other
 
74

 

 

 
74

 
358,862

 

Total commercial loans
 
24,644

 
2,329

 
5,000

 
31,973

 
7,444,840

 
5,000

Consumer loans:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Real estate secured loans
 

 

 

 

 
607,117

 

Other consumer loans
 

 

 

 

 
142,841

 

Total consumer loans
 

 

 

 

 
749,958

 

Total gross loans excluding impaired loans
 
24,644

 
2,329

 
5,000

 
31,973

 
8,194,798

 
5,000

Impaired loans
 
331

 
501

 
2,953

 
3,785

 
35,612

 

Total gross loans
 
$
24,975

 
$
2,830

 
$
7,953

 
$
35,758

 
$
8,230,410

 
$
5,000

December 31, 2011:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial loans:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Software
 
$
415

 
$
1,006

 
$

 
$
1,421

 
$
2,515,327

 
$

Hardware
 
1,951

 
45

 

 
1,996

 
954,690

 

Venture capital/private equity
 
45

 

 

 
45

 
1,128,475

 

Life science
 
398

 
78

 

 
476

 
871,626

 

Premium wine
 
1

 
174

 

 
175

 
475,406

 

Other
 
15

 

 

 
15

 
370,539

 

Total commercial loans
 
2,825

 
1,303

 

 
4,128

 
6,316,063

 

Consumer loans:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Real estate secured loans
 

 

 

 

 
515,534

 

Other consumer loans
 
590

 

 

 
590

 
157,389

 

Total consumer loans
 
590

 

 

 
590

 
672,923

 

Total gross loans excluding impaired loans
 
3,415

 
1,303

 

 
4,718

 
6,988,986

 

Impaired loans
 
1,350

 
1,794

 
6,613

 
9,757

 
26,860

 

Total gross loans
 
$
4,765

 
$
3,097

 
$
6,613

 
$
14,475

 
$
7,015,846

 
$


20

Table of Contents

The following table summarizes our impaired loans as they relate to our allowance for loan losses, broken out by portfolio segment and class of financing receivable as of September 30, 2012 and December 31, 2011:
(Dollars in thousands)
 
Impaired loans for  
which there is a
related allowance
for loan losses
 
Impaired loans for  
which there is no
related allowance
for loan losses
 
Total carrying value of impaired loans
 
Total unpaid
principal of impaired loans    
September 30, 2012:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial loans:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Software
 
$
2,634

 
$
182

 
$
2,816

 
$
3,324

Hardware
 
27,129

 

 
27,129

 
42,415

Life Science
 

 

 

 

Premium wine
 

 
3,079

 
3,079

 
3,317

Other
 

 
2,745

 
2,745

 
6,894

Total commercial loans
 
29,763

 
6,006

 
35,769

 
55,950

Consumer loans:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Real estate secured loans
 
120

 
2,288

 
2,408

 
7,407

Other consumer loans
 
1,220

 

 
1,220

 
1,371

Total consumer loans
 
1,340

 
2,288

 
3,628

 
8,778

Total
 
$
31,103

 
$
8,294

 
$
39,397

 
$
64,728

December 31, 2011:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial loans:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Software
 
$
1,142

 
$

 
$
1,142

 
$
1,540

Hardware
 
4,754

 
429

 
5,183

 
8,843

Life science
 

 
311

 
311

 
523

Premium wine
 

 
3,212

 
3,212

 
3,341

Other
 
4,303

 
1,050

 
5,353

 
9,104

Total commercial loans
 
10,199

 
5,002

 
15,201

 
23,351

Consumer loans:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Real estate secured loans
 

 
18,283

 
18,283

 
22,410

Other consumer loans
 
3,133

 

 
3,133

 
3,197

Total consumer loans
 
3,133

 
18,283

 
21,416

 
25,607

Total
 
$
13,332

 
$
23,285

 
$
36,617

 
$
48,958


21

Table of Contents

The following table summarizes our average impaired loans, broken out by portfolio segment and class of financing receivable during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011:
 
 
Three months ended September 30,
 
Nine months ended September 30,
(Dollars in thousands)
 
2012
 
2011
 
2012
 
2011
Average impaired loans:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial loans:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Software
 
$
2,689

 
$
2,562

 
$
2,040

 
$
2,652

Hardware
 
18,490

 
7,071

 
17,407

 
6,086

Life science
 

 
827

 
78

 
1,498

Premium wine
 
3,093

 
1,954

 
3,334

 
2,345

Other
 
2,619

 
7,604

 
3,590

 
4,453

Total commercial loans
 
26,891

 
20,018

 
26,449

 
17,034

Consumer loans:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Real estate secured loans
 
2,411

 
18,746

 
5,967

 
19,476

Other consumer loans
 
1,266

 
1,107

 
2,152

 
369

Total consumer loans
 
3,677

 
19,853

 
8,119

 
19,845

Total average impaired loans
 
$
30,568

 
$
39,871

 
$
34,568

 
$
36,879

The following tables summarize the activity relating to our allowance for loan losses for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011, broken out by portfolio segment:
Three months ended September 30, 2012 (dollars in thousands)
 
Beginning Balance June 30, 2012
 
Charge-offs
 
Recoveries
 
Provision for
(Reduction of) Loan Losses
 
Ending Balance September 30, 2012
Commercial loans:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Software
 
$
37,981

 
$

 
$
374

 
$
(1,110
)
 
$
37,245

Hardware
 
22,632

 
(1,849
)
 
106

 
6,796

 
27,685

Venture capital/private equity
 
9,652

 

 

 
991

 
10,643

Life science
 
11,660

 
(2,781
)
 
3

 
3,281

 
12,163

Premium wine
 
3,396

 

 
228

 
(463
)
 
3,161

Other
 
4,942

 
(7
)
 
30

 
(1,708
)
 
3,257

Total commercial loans
 
90,263

 
(4,637
)
 
741

 
7,787

 
94,154

Consumer loans
 
7,903

 

 
466

 
(999
)
 
7,370

Total allowance for loan losses
 
$
98,166

 
$
(4,637
)
 
$
1,207

 
$
6,788

 
$
101,524

Nine months ended September 30, 2012 (dollars in thousands)
 
Beginning Balance December 31, 2011
 
Charge-offs
 
Recoveries
 
Provision for
(Reduction of) Loan Losses
 
Ending Balance September 30, 2012
Commercial loans:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Software
 
$
38,263

 
$
(2,977
)
 
$
4,462

 
$
(2,503
)
 
$
37,245

Hardware
 
16,810

 
(16,110
)
 
540

 
26,445

 
27,685

Venture capital/private equity
 
7,319

 

 

 
3,324

 
10,643

Life science
 
10,243

 
(3,016
)
 
316

 
4,620

 
12,163

Premium wine
 
3,914

 
(584
)
 
493

 
(662
)
 
3,161

Other
 
5,817

 
(2,463
)
 
1,181

 
(1,278
)
 
3,257

Total commercial loans
 
82,366

 
(25,150
)
 
6,992

 
29,946

 
94,154

Consumer loans
 
7,581

 
(607
)
 
1,026

 
(630
)
 
7,370

Total allowance for loan losses
 
$
89,947

 
$
(25,757
)
 
$
8,018

 
$
29,316

 
$
101,524


22

Table of Contents

Three months ended September 30, 2011 (dollars in thousands)
 
Beginning Balance June 30, 2011
 
Charge-offs
 
Recoveries
 
Provision for
(Reduction of) Loan Losses
 
Ending Balance September 30, 2011
Commercial loans:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Software
 
$
31,873

 
$
(3,125
)
 
$
2,718

 
$
4,899

 
$
36,365

Hardware
 
16,042

 
(4,813
)
 
44

 
2,304

 
13,577

Venture capital/private equity
 
8,307

 

 

 
(497
)
 
7,810

Life science
 
7,225

 
(310
)
 
3,359

 
(2,110
)
 
8,164

Premium wine
 
4,009

 

 
360

 
(354
)
 
4,015

Other
 
5,869

 

 
64

 
(359
)
 
5,574

Total commercial loans
 
73,325

 
(8,248
)
 
6,545

 
3,883

 
75,505

Consumer loans
 
8,830

 

 
4,025

 
(3,114
)
 
9,741

Total allowance for loan losses
 
$
82,155

 
$
(8,248
)
 
$
10,570

 
$
769

 
$
85,246

Nine months ended September 30, 2011 (dollars in thousands)
 
Beginning Balance December 31, 2010
 
Charge-offs
 
Recoveries
 
Provision for
(Reduction of) Loan Losses
 
Ending Balance September 30, 2011
Commercial loans:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Software
 
$
29,288

 
$
(4,747
)
 
$
10,638

 
$
1,186

 
$
36,365

Hardware
 
14,688

 
(4,828
)
 
356

 
3,361

 
13,577

Venture capital/private equity
 
8,241

 

 

 
(431
)
 
7,810

Life science
 
9,077

 
(3,972
)
 
4,487

 
(1,428
)
 
8,164

Premium wine
 
5,492

 
(449
)
 
1,090

 
(2,118
)
 
4,015

Other
 
5,318

 
(2,867
)
 
471

 
2,652

 
5,574

Total commercial loans
 
72,104

 
(16,863
)
 
17,042

 
3,222

 
75,505

Consumer loans
 
10,523

 

 
4,584

 
(5,366
)
 
9,741

Total allowance for loan losses
 
$
82,627

 
$
(16,863
)
 
$
21,626

 
$
(2,144
)
 
$
85,246

The following table summarizes the allowance for loan losses individually and collectively evaluated for impairment as of September 30, 2012 and December 31, 2011, broken out by portfolio segment:
 
 
September 30, 2012
 
December 31, 2011
(Dollars in thousands)
 
Individually Evaluated for  
Impairment
 
Collectively Evaluated for  
Impairment
 
Individually
Evaluated for  
Impairment
 
Collectively
Evaluated for  
Impairment
Commercial loans:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Software
 
$
653

 
$
36,592

 
$
526

 
$
37,737

Hardware
 
5,061

 
22,624

 
1,261

 
15,549

Venture capital/private equity
 

 
10,643

 

 
7,319

Life science
 

 
12,163

 

 
10,243

Premium wine
 

 
3,161

 

 
3,914

Other
 

 
3,257

 
1,180

 
4,637

Total commercial loans
 
5,714

 
88,440

 
2,967

 
79,399

Consumer loans
 
289

 
7,081

 
740

 
6,841

Total allowance for loan losses
 
$
6,003

 
$
95,521

 
$
3,707

 
$
86,240

Credit Quality Indicators
For each individual client, we establish an internal credit risk rating for that loan, which is used for assessing and monitoring credit risk as well as performance of the loan and the overall portfolio. Our internal credit risk ratings are also used to summarize the risk of loss due to failure by an individual borrower to repay the loan. For our internal credit risk ratings, each individual loan

23

Table of Contents

is given a risk rating of 1 through 10. Loans risk-rated 1 through 4 are performing loans and translate to an internal rating of “Pass”, with loans risk-rated 1 being cash secured. Loans risk-rated 5 through 7 are performing loans, however, we consider them as demonstrating higher risk which requires more frequent review of the individual exposures; these translate to an internal rating of “Performing (Criticized)”. A majority of our Performing (Criticized) loans are from our SVB Accelerator practice, serving our emerging or early stage clients. Loans risk-rated 8 and 9 are loans that are considered to be impaired and are on nonaccrual status. Loans are placed on nonaccrual status when they become 90 days past due as to principal or interest payments (unless the principal and interest are well secured and in the process of collection), or when we have determined, based upon most recent available information, that the timely collection of principal or interest is not probable; these loans are deemed “impaired” (For further description of nonaccrual loans, refer to Note 2—“Summary of Significant Accounting Policies” under Part II, Item 8 of our 2011 Form 10-K). Loans rated 10 are charged-off and are not included as part of our loan portfolio balance. We review our credit quality indicators for performance and appropriateness of risk ratings as part of our evaluation process for our allowance for loan losses. The following table summarizes the credit quality indicators, broken out by portfolio segment and class of financing receivables as of September 30, 2012 and December 31, 2011:
(Dollars in thousands)
 
Pass
 
  Performing  
  (Criticized)  
 
Impaired  
 
Total
September 30, 2012:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial loans:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Software
 
$
2,751,238

 
$
229,366

 
$
2,816

 
$
2,983,420

Hardware
 
1,069,973

 
107,957

 
27,129

 
1,205,059

Venture capital/private equity
 
1,406,746

 
1,600

 

 
1,408,346

Life science
 
939,092

 
99,235

 

 
1,038,327

Premium wine
 
501,507

 
11,163

 
3,079

 
515,749

Other
 
335,201

 
23,735

 
2,745

 
361,681

Total commercial loans
 
7,003,757

 
473,056

 
35,769


7,512,582

Consumer loans:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Real estate secured loans
 
588,678

 
18,439

 
2,408

 
609,525

Other consumer loans
 
131,548

 
11,293

 
1,220

 
144,061

Total consumer loans
 
720,226

 
29,732

 
3,628

 
753,586

Total gross loans
 
$
7,723,983

 
$
502,788

 
$
39,397

 
$
8,266,168

December 31, 2011:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial loans:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Software
 
$
2,290,497

 
$
226,251

 
$
1,142

 
$
2,517,890

Hardware
 
839,230

 
117,456

 
5,183

 
961,869

Venture capital/private equity
 
1,120,373

 
8,147

 

 
1,128,520

Life science
 
748,129

 
123,973

 
311

 
872,413

Premium wine
 
434,309

 
41,272

 
3,212

 
478,793

Other
 
353,434

 
17,120

 
5,353

 
375,907

Total commercial loans
 
5,785,972

 
534,219

 
15,201

 
6,335,392

Consumer loans:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Real estate secured loans
 
497,060

 
18,474

 
18,283

 
533,817

Other consumer loans
 
151,101

 
6,878

 
3,133

 
161,112

Total consumer loans
 
648,161

 
25,352

 
21,416

 
694,929

Total gross loans
 
$
6,434,133

 
$
559,571

 
$
36,617

 
$
7,030,321

TDRs
As of September 30, 2012 we had TDRs of $23.5 million where concessions have been granted to borrowers experiencing financial difficulties, in an attempt to maximize collection. There were unfunded commitments available for funding of $0.1 million to the clients associated with these TDRs as of September 30, 2012. The following table summarizes our loans modified in TDRs, broken out by portfolio segment and class of financing receivables at September 30, 2012 and December 31, 2011:
 

24

Table of Contents

(Dollars in thousands)
 
September 30, 2012
 
December 31, 2011
Loans modified in TDRs:
 
 
 
 
Commercial loans:
 
 
 
 
Software
 
$
2,459

 
$
1,142

Hardware
 
12,193

 
5,183

Premium wine
 
1,971

 
1,949

Other
 
3,281

 
4,934

Total commercial loans
 
19,904

 
13,208

Consumer loans:
 
 
 
 
Real estate secured loans
 
2,363

 
17,934

Other consumer loans
 
1,220

 
3,133

Total consumer loans
 
3,583

 
21,067

Total
 
$
23,487

 
$
34,275

The following table summarizes the recorded investment in loans modified in TDRs, broken out by portfolio segment and class of financing receivable, for modifications made during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011:
 
 
Three months ended September 30,
 
Nine months ended September 30,
(Dollars in thousands)
 
2012
 
2011
 
2012
 
2011
Loans modified in TDRs during the period:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial loans:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Software
 
$
1,969

 
$
381

 
$
1,969

 
$
941

Hardware
 

 
801

 
11,677

 
2,674

Premium wine
 

 

 
156

 
1,993

Other
 

 
2,247

 
2,237

 
2,247

Total commercial loans
 
1,969

 
3,429

 
16,039

 
7,855

Consumer loans:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Real estate secured loans
 

 

 
392

 

Other consumer loans
 

 

 

 
3,322

Total consumer loans
 

 

 
392

 
3,322

Total loans modified in TDR’s during the period (1)
 
$
1,969

 
$
3,429

 
$
16,431

 
$
11,177

 
 
(1)
During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2012, we had partial charge-offs of $1.1 million and $11.0 million, respectively, on loans classified as TDRs. There were $0.6 million partial charge-offs on loans classified as TDRs during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2011.
During the three months ended September 30, 2012 all new TDRs were modified through payment deferrals granted to our clients and no principal or interest was forgiven. During the nine months ended September 30, 2012 new TDRs totaling $9.6 million and $6.8 million were modified through forgiveness of principal and payment deferrals granted to our clients, respectively. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2011 all new TDRs were modified through payment deferrals granted to our clients and no principal or interest was forgiven.
The related allowance for loan losses for the majority of our TDRs is determined on an individual basis by comparing the carrying value of the loan to the present value of the estimated future cash flows, discounted at the pre-modification contractual interest rate. For certain TDRs, the related allowance for loan losses is determined based on the fair value of the collateral if the loan is collateral dependent.
The following table summarizes the recorded investment in loans modified in TDRs within the previous 12 months that subsequently defaulted during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011, broken out by portfolio segment and class of financing receivable:
 

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Three months ended September 30,
 
Nine months ended September 30,
(Dollars in thousands)
 
2012
 
2011
 
2012
 
2011
TDRs modified within the previous 12 months that defaulted during the period:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial loans:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Software
 
$

 
$
64

 
$

 
$
64

Hardware
 
515

 
1,206

 
515

 
3,079

Premium wine
 

 
1,993

 

 
1,993

Total commercial loans
 
515

 
3,263

 
515

 
5,136

Consumer loans:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Real estate secured loans
 
120

 

 
120

 

Other consumer loans
 

 
3,322

 

 
3,322

Total consumer loans
 
120

 
3,322

 
120

 
3,322

Total TDRs modified within the previous 12 months that defaulted in the period
 
$
635

 
$
6,585

 
$
635

 
$
8,458

Charge-offs and defaults on previously restructured loans are evaluated to determine the impact to the allowance for loan losses, if any. The evaluation of these defaults may impact the assumptions used in calculating the reserve on other TDRs and impaired loans as well as management’s overall outlook of macroeconomic factors that affect the reserve on the loan portfolio as a whole. After evaluating the charge-offs and defaults experienced on our TDRs we determined that no change to our reserving methodology was necessary to determine the allowance for loan losses as of September 30, 2012.
7.
Short-Term Borrowings and Long-Term Debt
The following table represents outstanding short-term borrowings and long-term debt at September 30, 2012 and December 31, 2011:
 
 
 
 
 
 
Carrying Value
(Dollars in thousands)
 
Maturity
 
Principal value at September 30, 2012
 
September 30,
2012
 
December 31,
2011
Short-term borrowings:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Short-term FHLB advances
 
October 1, 2012
 
$
215,000

 
$
215,000

 
$

Federal funds purchased
 
October 1, 2012
 
287,000

 
287,000

 

Other short-term borrowings
 
(1)
 
6,170

 
6,170

 

Total short-term borrowings
 
 
 
 
 
$
508,170

 
$

Long-term debt:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
5.375% Senior Notes
 
September 15, 2020
 
$
350,000

 
$
347,944

 
$
347,793

5.70% Senior Notes (2)
 
June 1, 2012
 

 

 
143,969

6.05% Subordinated Notes (3)
 
June 1, 2017
 
45,964

 
55,130

 
55,075

7.0% Junior Subordinated Debentures
 
October 15, 2033
 
50,000

 
55,240

 
55,372

Other long-term debt
 
(4)
 

 

 
1,439

Total long-term debt
 
 
 
 
 
$
458,314

 
$
603,648

 
 
(1)
Represents cash collateral received from our counterparty for our interest rate swap agreement related to our 6.05% Subordinated Notes.
(2)
At December 31, 2011, included in the carrying value of our 5.70% Senior Notes was $2.6 million related to the fair value of the interest rate swap associated with the notes.
(3)
At September 30, 2012 and December 31, 2011, included in the carrying value of our 6.05% Subordinated Notes were $9.5 million and $8.8 million, respectively, related to the fair value of the interest rate swap associated with the notes.
(4)
Represents long-term notes payable related to one of our debt fund investments. The last payment related to the notes was made in April 2012.
Interest expense related to short-term borrowings and long-term debt was $5.8 million and $18.4 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2012, respectively, and $6.2 million and $24.0 million for the three and nine months ended

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September 30, 2011, respectively. Interest expense is net of the cash flow impact from our interest rate swap agreements related to our 5.70% Senior Notes and 6.05% Subordinated Notes. The weighted average interest rate associated with our short-term borrowings as of September 30, 2012 was 0.17 percent.
5.70% Senior Notes
Our remaining $141.4 million 5.70% Senior Notes matured on June 1, 2012 and we repaid all outstanding principal, including unpaid and accrued interest, in cash upon maturity. In connection with the maturity, we also terminated the interest rate swap associated with these notes (see Note 8—“Derivative Financial Instruments”).
3.875% Convertible Notes
Our $250 million 3.875% Convertible Notes matured on April 15, 2011. The effective interest rate for our 3.875% Convertible Notes for the nine months ended September 30, 2011 was 5.92 percent and interest expense was $4.2 million.
Available Lines of Credit
We have certain facilities in place to enable us to access short-term borrowings on a secured (using available-for-sale securities as collateral) and an unsecured basis. These include repurchase agreements and uncommitted federal funds lines with various financial institutions. As of September 30, 2012, we borrowed $287.0 million against our uncommitted federal funds lines. We also pledge securities to the FHLB of San Francisco and the discount window at the FRB. The market value of collateral pledged to the FHLB of San Francisco (comprised primarily of U.S. agency debentures) at September 30, 2012 totaled $1.5 billion, of which $1.3 billion was unused and available to support additional borrowings. The market value of collateral pledged at the discount window of the FRB at September 30, 2012 totaled $604.5 million, all of which was unused and available to support additional borrowings.
8.
Derivative Financial Instruments
We primarily use derivative financial instruments to manage interest rate risk, currency exchange rate risk, and to assist customers with their risk management objectives. Also, in connection with negotiating credit facilities and certain other services, we often obtain equity warrant assets giving us the right to acquire stock in private, venture-backed companies in the technology and life science industries.
Interest Rate Risk
Interest rate risk is our primary market risk and can result from timing and volume differences in the repricing of our interest rate-sensitive assets and liabilities and changes in market interest rates. To manage interest rate risk for our 5.70% Senior Notes and 6.05% Subordinated Notes, we entered into fixed-for-floating interest rate swap agreements at the time of debt issuance based upon LIBOR with matched-terms. Prior to our termination of portions of our interest rate swap agreements (discussed below), we used the shortcut method to assess hedge effectiveness and evaluate the hedging relationships for qualification under the shortcut method requirements for each reporting period. Net cash benefits associated with our interest rate swaps were recorded as a reduction in “Interest expense—Borrowings,” a component of net interest income. The fair value of our interest rate swaps was calculated using a discounted cash flow method and adjusted for credit valuation associated with counterparty risk. Increases from changes in fair value were included in other assets and decreases from changes in fair value were included in other liabilities.
In connection with the repurchase of portions of our 5.70% Senior Notes and 6.05% Subordinated Notes in May 2011, we terminated corresponding amounts of the associated interest rate swaps. As a result of these terminations, the remaining portions of the interest rate swaps no longer qualify for the shortcut method to assess hedge effectiveness under ASC 815, Derivatives and Hedging, and are accounted for under the long-haul method. Any differences associated with our interest rate swaps that arise as a result of hedge ineffectiveness are recorded through net gains on derivative instruments, in noninterest income, a component of consolidated net income. Our 5.70% Senior Notes matured and were repaid on June 1, 2012, at which time the remaining portion of the associated interest rate swap expired.
Currency Exchange Risk
We enter into foreign exchange forward contracts to economically reduce our foreign exchange exposure risk related to certain of our client loans that are denominated in foreign currencies, primarily in Pound Sterling and Euro. We do not designate any foreign exchange forward contracts as derivative instruments that qualify for hedge accounting. Changes in currency rates on the loans are included in other noninterest income, a component of noninterest income. We may experience ineffectiveness in the economic hedging relationship, because the loans are revalued based upon changes in the currency’s spot rate on the principal value, while the forwards are revalued on a discounted cash flow basis. We record forward agreements in gain positions

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in other assets and loss positions in other liabilities, while net changes in fair value are recorded through net gains on derivative instruments, in noninterest income, a component of consolidated net income. Additionally, through our global banking operations we maintain customer deposits denominated in the Euro and Pound Sterling which are used to fund certain loans in these currencies to limit our exposure to currency fluctuations.
Other Derivative Instruments
Equity Warrant Assets
Our equity warrant assets are concentrated in private, venture-backed companies in the technology and life science industries. Most of these warrant agreements contain net share settlement provisions, which permit us to pay the warrant exercise price using shares issuable under the warrant (“cashless exercise”). We value our equity warrant assets using a modified Black-Scholes option pricing model, which incorporates assumptions about the underlying asset value, volatility, and the risk-free rate. We make valuation adjustments for estimated remaining life and marketability for warrants issued by private companies. Equity warrant assets are recorded at fair value in other assets, while changes in their fair value are recorded through net gains on derivative instruments, in noninterest income, a component of consolidated net income.
Loan Conversion Options
In connection with negotiating certain credit facilities, we occasionally extend loan facilities which have convertible option features. The convertible loans may be converted into a certain number of shares determined by dividing the principal amount of the loan by the applicable conversion price. Because our loan conversion options have underlying and notional values and had no initial net investment, these assets qualify as derivative instruments. We value our loan conversion options using a modified Black-Scholes option pricing model, which incorporates assumptions about the underlying asset value, volatility, and the risk-free rate. Loan conversion options are recorded at fair value in other assets, while changes in their fair value are recorded through net gains on derivative instruments, in noninterest income, a component of consolidated net income.
Other Derivatives
We sell forward and option contracts to clients who wish to mitigate their foreign currency exposure. We economically reduce the currency risk from this business by entering into opposite way contracts with correspondent banks. This relationship does not qualify for hedge accounting. The contracts generally have terms of one year or less, although we may have contracts extending for up to five years. Generally, we have not experienced nonperformance on these contracts, have not incurred credit losses, and anticipate performance by all counterparties to such agreements. Increases from changes in fair value are included in other assets and decreases from changes in fair value are included in other liabilities. The net change in the fair value of these contracts is recorded through net gains on derivative instruments, in noninterest income, a component of consolidated net income.
We sell interest rate contracts to clients who wish to mitigate their interest rate exposure. We economically reduce the interest rate risk from this business by entering into opposite way contracts with correspondent banks. We do not designate any of these contracts (which are derivative instruments) as qualifying for hedge accounting. Increases from changes in fair value are included in other assets and decreases from changes in fair value are included in other liabilities. The net change in the fair value of these derivatives is recorded through net gains on derivative instruments, in noninterest income, a component of consolidated net income.
Counterparty Credit Risk
We are exposed to credit risk if counterparties to our derivative contracts do not perform as expected. We mitigate counterparty credit risk through credit approvals, limits, monitoring procedures and obtaining collateral, as appropriate. Consistent with the clarification guidance included in ASU 2011-4, we made an accounting policy decision effective January 1, 2012 to use the exception in the guidance with respect to measuring counterparty credit risk for derivative instruments, which allows us to continue to measure the fair value of a group of financial assets and financial liabilities on a net risk basis by counterparty portfolio.

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The total notional or contractual amounts, fair value, collateral and net exposure of our derivative financial instruments at September 30, 2012 and December 31, 2011 were as follows:
 
 
 
 
September 30, 2012
 
December 31, 2011
(Dollars in thousands)
 
Balance Sheet
Location
 
Notional or
Contractual
Amount
 
Fair Value
 
Collateral
(1)
 
Net
Exposure
(2)
 
Notional or
Contractual
Amount
 
Fair Value
 
Collateral
(1)
 
Net
Exposure
(2)
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Interest rate risks:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest rate swaps
 
Other assets
 
$
45,964

 
$
9,508

 
$
6,170

 
$
3,338

 
$
187,393

 
$
11,441

 
$

 
$
11,441

Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Currency exchange risks:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Foreign exchange forwards
 
Other assets
 
23,441

 
548

 

 
548

 
68,518

 
514

 

 
514

Foreign exchange forwards
 
Other liabilities
 
38,593

 
(1,373
)
 

 
(1,373
)
 
6,822

 
(199
)
 

 
(199
)
Net exposure
 
 
 
 
 
(825
)
 

 
(825
)
 
 
 
315

 

 
315

 Other derivative instruments:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Equity warrant assets
 
Other assets
 
162,471

 
70,478

 

 
70,478

 
144,586

 
66,953

 

 
66,953

Other derivatives:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Foreign exchange forwards
 
Other assets
 
419,005

 
11,581

 

 
11,581

 
387,714

 
17,541

 

 
17,541

Foreign exchange forwards
 
Other liabilities
 
393,426

 
(10,116
)
 

 
(10,116
)
 
366,835

 
(16,346
)
 

 
(16,346
)
Foreign currency options
 
Other assets
 
127,379

 
987

 

 
987

 
75,600

 
271

 

 
271

Foreign currency options
 
Other liabilities
 
127,379

 
(987
)
 

 
(987
)
 
75,600

 
(271
)
 

 
(271
)
Loan conversion options
 
Other assets
 
9,778

 
1,240

 

 
1,240

 
14,063

 
923

 

 
923

Client interest rate derivatives
 
Other assets
 
62,120

 
236

 

 
236

 
39,713

 
50

 

 
50

Client interest rate derivatives
 
Other liabilities
 
62,120

 
(247
)
 

 
(247
)
 
39,713

 
(52
)
 

 
(52
)
Net exposure
 
 
 
 
 
2,694

 

 
2,694

 
 
 
2,116

 

 
2,116

Net
 
 
 
 
 
$
81,855

 
$
6,170

 
$
75,685

 
 
 
$
80,825

 
$

 
$
80,825

 
 
(1)
Cash collateral received from our counterparty for our interest rate swap agreement is recorded as a component of “short-term borrowings” on our consolidated balance sheets.
(2)
Net exposure for contracts in a gain position reflects the replacement cost in the event of nonperformance by all such counterparties. The credit ratings of our institutional counterparties as of September 30, 2012 remain at investment grade or higher and there were no material changes in their credit ratings for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2012.

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A summary of our derivative activity and the related impact on our consolidated statements of income for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011 is as follows:
 
 
 
 
Three months ended September 30,
 
Nine months ended September 30,
(Dollars in thousands)
 
Statement of income location   
 
2012
 
2011
 
2012
 
2011
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Interest rate risks:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net cash benefit associated with interest rate swaps
 
Interest expense—borrowings
 
$
612

 
$
2,337

 
$
4,537

 
$
12,205

Changes in fair value of interest rate swaps
 
Net gains on derivative instruments
 
74

 
(400
)
 
571

 
(467
)
Net gains associated with interest rate risk derivatives
 
 
 
$
686

 
$
1,937

 
$
5,108

 
$
11,738

Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Currency exchange risks:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Gains (losses) on revaluations of foreign currency instruments
 
Other noninterest income
 
$
1,578

 
$
(3,931
)
 
$
96

 
$
(733
)
Gains on internal foreign exchange forward contracts, net
 
Net gains on derivative instruments
 
220

 
3,591

 
1,162

 
540

Net gains (losses) associated with currency risk
 
 
 
$
1,798

 
$
(340
)
 
$
1,258

 
$
(193
)
 Other derivative instruments:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Gains on equity warrant assets
 
Net gains on derivative instruments
 
$
547

 
$
5,518

 
$
12,358

 
$
23,375

Gains on client foreign exchange forward contracts, net
 
Net gains on derivative instruments
 
$
607

 
$
658

 
$
3,002

 
$
1,448

Net (losses) gains on other derivatives (1)
 
Net gains on derivative instruments
 
$
(337
)
 
$
584

 
$
(1,293
)
 
$
(743
)
 
 
(1)
Primarily represents the change in fair value of loan conversion options.
9. Other Noninterest Income and Other Noninterest Expense
A summary of other noninterest income for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011 is as follows:
 
 
Three months ended September 30,
 
Nine months ended September 30,
(Dollars in thousands)
 
2012
 
2011
 
2012
 
2011
Unused commitment fees
 
$
2,579

 
$
1,900

 
$
9,312

 
$
5,194

Fund management fees
 
2,496

 
2,671

 
8,448

 
8,022

Service-based fee income
 
1,651

 
2,339

 
6,197

 
7,151

Net gains on the sale of certain assets related to our equity management services business
 

 

 
4,243

 

Loan syndication fees
 
1,353

 
50

 
2,853

 
920

Gains (losses) on revaluation of foreign currency instruments (1)
 
1,578

 
(3,931
)
 
96

 
(733
)
Currency revaluation gains (losses) (2)
 
845

 
(1,551
)
 
(88
)
 
(2,672
)
Other
 
2,921

 
1,630

 
8,104

 
5,502

Total other noninterest income
 
$
13,423

 
$
3,108

 
$
39,165

 
$
23,384

 
 
(1)
Represents the revaluation of foreign currency denominated financial instruments issued and held by us, primarily loans, deposits and cash.
(2)
Represents the revaluation of foreign currency denominated financial statements of certain funds. Included in these amounts are gains of $0.8 million and losses of $3 thousand for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2012, respectively, attributable to noncontrolling interests calculated based on the ownership percentages of the noncontrolling interests. This compares to losses of $1.7 million and $1.6 million for the comparable 2011 periods.

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A summary of other noninterest expense for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2012: and 2011 is as follows:
 
 
Three months ended September 30,
 
Nine months ended September 30,
(Dollars in thousands)
 
2012
 
2011
 
2012
 
2011
Telephone
 
$
1,619

 
$
1,610

 
$
4,950

 
$
4,376

Client services
 
1,804

 
1,289

 
4,796

 
3,128

Data processing services
 
1,575

 
1,097

 
4,290

 
3,589

Tax credit fund amortization
 
941

 
1,212

 
2,961

 
3,366

Postage and supplies
 
591

 
641

 
1,844

 
1,725

Dues and publications
 
472

 
465

 
1,503

 
1,166

Net gain from note repurchases and termination of corresponding interest rate swaps
 

 

 

 
(3,123
)
Other
 
1,961

 
3,240

 
5,844

 
8,226

Total other noninterest expense
 
$
8,963

 
$
9,554

 
$
26,188

 
$
22,453

10.
Segment Reporting
We have three reportable segments for management reporting purposes: Global Commercial Bank, SVB Private Bank and SVB Capital. The results of our operating segments are based on our internal management reporting process.
Our operating segments’ primary source of revenue is from net interest income, which is primarily the difference between interest earned on loans, net of funds transfer pricing (“FTP”), and interest paid on deposits, net of FTP. Accordingly, our segments are reported using net interest income, net of FTP. FTP is an internal measurement framework designed to assess the financial impact of a financial institution’s sources and uses of funds. It is the mechanism by which an earnings credit is given for deposits raised, and an earnings charge is made for funded loans. Effective January 1, 2012, FTP is calculated at an instrument level based on account characteristics. Prior to January 1, 2012, FTP was calculated by applying a transfer rate to pooled, or aggregated, loan and deposit volumes. We have reclassified all prior period amounts to conform to the current period’s methodology and presentation.
We also evaluate performance based on provision for loan losses, noninterest income and noninterest expense, which are presented as components of segment operating profit or loss. In calculating each operating segment’s noninterest expense, we consider the direct costs incurred by the operating segment as well as certain allocated direct costs. As part of this review, we allocate certain corporate overhead costs to a corporate account. We do not allocate income taxes to our segments. Additionally, our management reporting model is predicated on average asset balances; therefore, period-end asset balances are not presented for segment reporting purposes. Changes in an individual client’s primary relationship designation have resulted, and in the future may result, in the inclusion of certain clients in different segments in different periods.
Unlike financial reporting, which benefits from the comprehensive structure provided by GAAP, our internal management reporting process is highly subjective, as there is no comprehensive, authoritative guidance for management reporting. Our management reporting process measures the performance of our operating segments based on our internal operating structure, which is subject to change from time to time, and is not necessarily comparable with similar information for other financial services companies.
The following is a description of the services that our three reportable segments provide:
Global Commercial Bank provides solutions to the financial needs of commercial clients through lending, deposit products, cash management services, and global banking and trade products and services. It also serves the needs of our non-U.S. clients with global banking products, including loans, deposits and global finance, in key foreign entrepreneurial markets, where applicable. Our Global Commercial Bank segment is comprised of results from our Commercial Bank, and also includes SVB Specialty Lending, SVB Analytics and our Debt Fund Investments. (For further description of these operating segments, refer to Note 20—“Segment Reporting” under Part II, Item 8 of our 2011 Form 10-K.) As a result of the change in FTP methodology discussed above, our Global Commercial Bank segment’s total net interest income for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2011 was increased by $18.6 million and $52.9 million, respectively (offset is included within “Other Items”), due to the reclassification of all prior periods to reflect the current period’s methodology and presentation.
SVB Private Bank provides banking products and a range of credit services primarily to venture capital/private equity professionals using both long-term secured and short-term unsecured lines of credit.

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SVB Capital is the venture capital investment arm of SVBFG, which focuses primarily on funds management. SVB Capital manages funds (primarily venture capital funds) on behalf of third party limited partners and SVB Financial Group. The SVB Capital family of funds is comprised of funds of funds and direct venture funds. SVB Capital generates income for the Company primarily through management fees, carried interest arrangements and returns through the Company’s investments in the funds.
The summary financial results of our operating segments are presented along with a reconciliation to our consolidated interim results. The Other Items column reflects the adjustments necessary to reconcile the results of the operating segments to the consolidated financial statements prepared in conformity with GAAP. Noninterest income in the Other Items column is primarily attributable to noncontrolling interests and gains on equity warrant assets. Noninterest expense in the Other Items column primarily consists of expenses associated with corporate support functions such as finance, human resources, marketing, legal and other expenses. Additionally, average assets in the Other Items column primarily consists of cash and cash equivalents.
Our segment information for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011 is as follows:
(Dollars in thousands)
 
Global
Commercial
Bank (1)
 
SVB Private  
Bank
 
SVB Capital (1)  
 
Other Items      
 
Total      
Three months ended September 30, 2012
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net interest income (loss)
 
$
151,858

 
$
5,666

 
$
6

 
$
(3,100
)
 
$
154,430

(Provision for) reduction of loan losses
 
(7,787
)
 
999

 

 

 
(6,788
)
Noninterest income
 
46,965

 
149

 
4,330

 
17,695

 
69,139

Noninterest expense (2)
 
(97,846
)
 
(3,749
)
 
(3,562
)
 
(30,014
)
 
(135,171
)
Income (loss) before income tax expense (3)
 
$
93,190

 
$
3,065

 
$
774

 
$
(15,419
)
 
$
81,610

Total average loans, net of unearned income
 
$
7,159,609

 
$
755,001

 
$

 
$
(7,004
)
 
$
7,907,606

Total average assets (4)
 
19,861,275

 
758,988

 
238,595

 
868,339

 
21,727,197

Total average deposits
 
17,881,175

 
341,537

 

 
37,632

 
18,260,344

Three months ended September 30, 2011
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net interest income (loss)
 
$
133,946

 
$
5,513

 
$
2

 
$
(4,006
)
 
$
135,455

(Provision for) reduction of loan losses
 
(3,883
)
 
3,114

 

 

 
(769
)
Noninterest income
 
39,189

 
128

 
9,873

 
46,421

 
95,611

Noninterest expense (2)
 
(92,350
)
 
(2,846
)
 
(3,860
)
 
(28,395
)
 
(127,451
)
Income before income tax expense (3)
 
$
76,902

 
$
5,909

 
$
6,015

 
$
14,020

 
$
102,846

Total average loans, net of unearned income
 
$
5,263,448

 
$
684,613

 
$

 
$
58,553

 
$
6,006,614

Total average assets (4)
 
17,347,197

 
685,308

 
238,949

 
525,056

 
18,796,510

Total average deposits
 
15,573,886

 
200,547

 

 
29,603

 
15,804,036

Nine months ended September 30, 2012
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net interest income (loss)
 
$
441,542

 
$
16,147

 
$
22

 
$
(410
)
 
$
457,301

(Provision for) reduction of loan losses
 
(29,946
)
 
630

 

 

 
(29,316
)
Noninterest income
 
139,387

 
457

 
12,474

 
56,540

 
208,858

Noninterest expense (2)
 
(292,580
)
 
(10,338
)
 
(8,970
)
 
(91,061
)
 
(402,949
)
Income (loss) before income tax expense (3)
 
$
258,403

 
$
6,896

 
$
3,526

 
$
(34,931
)
 
$
233,894

Total average loans, net of unearned income
 
$
6,559,036

 
$
745,069

 
$

 
$
14,432

 
$
7,318,537

Total average assets (4)
 
19,149,952

 
749,500

 
243,124

 
810,465

 
20,953,041

Total average deposits
 
17,240,715

 
278,736

 

 
27,743

 
17,547,194

Nine months ended September 30, 2011
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net interest income (loss)
 
$
380,461

 
$
14,567

 
$
6

 
$
(8,827
)
 
$
386,207

(Provision for) reduction of loan losses
 
(3,222
)
 
5,366

 

 

 
2,144

Noninterest income
 
110,604

 
351

 
23,879

 
174,439

 
309,273

Noninterest expense (2)
 
(262,932
)
 
(7,326
)
 
(10,113
)
 
(85,547
)
 
(365,918
)
Income before income tax expense (3)
 
$
224,911

 
$
12,958

 
$
13,772

 
$
80,065

 
$
331,706

Total average loans, net of unearned income
 
$
4,933,707

 
$
637,443

 
$

 
$
48,559

 
$
5,619,709

Total average assets (4)
 
16,788,462

 
637,854

 
225,041

 
685,491

 
18,336,848

Total average deposits
 
15,063,215

 
169,368

 

 
18,355

 
15,250,938


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(1)
Global Commercial Bank’s and SVB Capital’s components of net interest income, noninterest income, noninterest expense and total average assets are shown net of noncontrolling interests for all periods presented.
(2)
The Global Commercial Bank segment includes direct depreciation and amortization of $4.5 million and $3.1 million for the three months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011, respectively, and $11.6 million and $8.7 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011, respectively.
(3)
The internal reporting model used by management to assess segment performance does not calculate income tax expense by segment. Our effective tax rate is a reasonable approximation of the segment rates.
(4)
Total average assets equals the greater of total average assets or the sum of total liabilities and total stockholders’ equity for each segment.
11.
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements, Guarantees and Other Commitments
In the normal course of business, we use financial instruments with off-balance sheet risk to meet the financing needs of our customers. These financial instruments include commitments to extend credit, commercial and standby letters of credit and commitments to invest in venture capital and private equity fund investments. These instruments involve credit risk to varying degrees. Credit risk is defined as the possibility of sustaining a loss because other parties to the financial instrument fail to perform in accordance with the terms of the contract.
Commitments to Extend Credit
The following table summarizes information related to our commitments to extend credit at September 30, 2012 and December 31, 2011:
(Dollars in thousands)
 
September 30,
2012
 
December 31,
2011
Loan commitments available for funding: (1)
 
 
 
 
Fixed interest rate commitments
 
$
855,885

 
$
658,377

Variable interest rate commitments
 
6,965,078

 
6,548,002

Total loan commitments available for funding
 
7,820,963

 
7,206,379

Commercial and standby letters of credit (2)
 
889,265

 
861,191

Total unfunded credit commitments
 
$
8,710,228

 
$
8,067,570

Commitments unavailable for funding (3)
 
$
994,888

 
$
841,439

Maximum lending limits for accounts receivable factoring arrangements (4)
 
888,463

 
747,392

Reserve for unfunded credit commitments (5)
 
23,075

 
21,811

 
 
(1)
Represents commitments which are available for funding, due to clients meeting all collateral, compliance and financial covenants required under loan commitment agreements.
(2)
See below for additional information on our commercial and standby letters of credit.
(3)
Represents commitments which are currently unavailable for funding, due to clients failing to meet all collateral, compliance and financial covenants under loan commitment agreements.
(4)
We extend credit under accounts receivable factoring arrangements when our clients’ sales invoices are deemed creditworthy under existing underwriting practices.
(5)
Our reserve for unfunded credit commitments includes an allowance for both our unfunded loan commitments and our letters of credit.
Commercial and Standby Letters of Credit
The table below summarizes our commercial and standby letters of credit at September 30, 2012. The maximum potential amount of future payments represents the amount that could be remitted under letters of credit if there were a total default by the guaranteed parties, without consideration of possible recoveries under recourse provisions or from the collateral held or pledged.

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(Dollars in thousands)
 
Expires In One
Year or Less
 
Expires After
One Year
 
Total Amount
Outstanding
 
Maximum Amount
of Future  Payments
Financial standby letters of credit
 
$
696,922

 
$
60,234

 
$
757,156

 
$
757,156

Performance standby letters of credit
 
63,336

 
11,677

 
75,013

 
75,013

Commercial letters of credit
 
57,096

 

 
57,096

 
57,096

Total
 
$
817,354

 
$
71,911

 
$
889,265

 
$
889,265

At September 30, 2012 and December 31, 2011, deferred fees related to financial and performance standby letters of credit were $5.0 million and $6.1 million, respectively. At September 30, 2012, collateral in the form of cash of $347.7 million and available-for-sale securities of $13.2 million were available to us to reimburse losses, if any, under financial and performance standby letters of credit.
Commitments to Invest in Venture Capital and Private Equity Funds
We make commitments to invest in venture capital and private equity funds, which in turn make investments generally in, or in some cases make loans to, privately-held companies. Commitments to invest in these funds are generally made for a 10-year period from the inception of the fund. Although the limited partnership agreements governing these investments typically do not restrict the general partners from calling 100% of committed capital in one year, it is customary for these funds to generally call most of the capital commitments over 5 to 7 years; however in certain cases, the funds may not call 100% of committed capital over the life of the fund. The actual timing of future cash requirements to fund these commitments is generally dependent upon the investment cycle, overall market conditions, and the nature and type of industry in which the privately held companies operate. The following table details our total capital commitments, unfunded capital commitments, and our ownership percentage in each fund at September 30, 2012:
 Our Ownership in Limited Partnership
 (Dollars in thousands)
 
SVBFG Capital Commitments    
 
SVBFG Unfunded    
Commitments
 
SVBFG Ownership  
of each Fund
Silicon Valley BancVentures, LP
 
$
6,000

 
$
270

 
10.7
%
SVB Capital Partners II, LP (1)
 
1,200

 
162

 
5.1

SVB India Capital Partners I, LP
 
7,750

 
1,015

 
14.4

SVB Capital Shanghai Yangpu Venture Capital Fund
 
923

 
159

 
6.8

SVB Strategic Investors Fund, LP
 
15,300

 
688

 
12.6

SVB Strategic Investors Fund II, LP
 
15,000

 
1,200

 
8.6

SVB Strategic Investors Fund III, LP
 
15,000

 
2,700

 
5.9

SVB Strategic Investors Fund IV, LP
 
12,239

 
4,284

 
5.0

Strategic Investors Fund V Funds
 
1,000

 
833

 
Various  

SVB Capital Preferred Return Fund, LP
 
12,687

 

 
20.0

SVB Capital—NT Growth Partners, LP
 
24,670

 
1,340

 
33.0

Other private equity fund (2)
 
9,338

 

 
58.2

Partners for Growth, LP
 
25,000

 
9,750

 
50.0

Partners for Growth II, LP
 
15,000

 
4,950

 
24.2

Gold Hill Venture Lending 03, LP (3)
 
20,000

 

 
9.3

Other fund investments (4)
 
331,902

 
64,435

 
Various  

Total
 
$
513,009

 
$
91,786

 
 
 
 
(1)
Our ownership includes 1.3 percent direct ownership through SVB Capital Partners II, LLC and SVB Financial, and 3.8 percent indirect ownership through our investment in SVB Strategic Investors Fund II, LP.
(2)
Our ownership includes 41.5 percent direct ownership and indirect ownership interest of 12.6 percent and 4.1 percent in the fund through our ownership interest of SVB Capital - NT Growth Partners, LP and SVB Capital Preferred Return Fund, LP, respectively.
(3)
Our ownership includes 4.8 percent direct ownership and 4.5 percent indirect ownership interest through GHLLC.
(4)
Represents commitments to 331 funds (primarily venture capital funds) where our ownership interest is generally less than 5 percent of the voting interests of each such fund.

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The following table details the amounts of remaining unfunded commitments to venture capital and private equity funds by our consolidated managed funds of funds (including our interest and the noncontrolling interests) at September 30, 2012:
 Limited Partnership
 (Dollars in thousands)
Unfunded
    Commitments    
SVB Strategic Investors Fund, LP
$
2,307

SVB Strategic Investors Fund II, LP
10,345

SVB Strategic Investors Fund III, LP
43,865

SVB Strategic Investors Fund IV, LP
102,650

Strategic Investors Fund V Funds
230,629

SVB Capital Preferred Return Fund, LP
17,688

SVB Capital—NT Growth Partners, LP
18,867

Other private equity fund
4,447

Total
$
430,798

12.
Income Taxes
We are subject to income tax in the U.S. federal jurisdiction and various state and foreign jurisdictions and have identified our federal tax return and tax returns in California and Massachusetts as “major” tax filings. U.S. federal tax examinations through 1998 have been concluded. Our U.S. federal tax returns for the years 1999 through 2006 were not reviewed and are no longer open to examination by the IRS. Our U.S. federal tax returns for 2007 and subsequent years remain open to examination. Our California tax returns for 2006 and subsequent years remain open to examination. Our Massachusetts tax returns for 2008 and subsequent years remain open to examination.
We are currently under audit examination by the IRS for the 2008 and 2009 tax years, which began in July 2011. To the extent the final tax liabilities are different from the amounts originally accrued, the increases or decreases will be recorded as income tax expense or benefit in the consolidated statements of operations. While the actual outcome is subject to the completion of these audits, we do not believe there will be a material adverse impact on our results of operations.
At September 30, 2012, our unrecognized tax benefit was $0.7 million, the recognition of which would reduce our income tax expense by $0.6 million. We expect that our unrecognized tax benefit will change in the next 12 months; however we do not expect the change to have a significant impact on our financial position or our results of operations.
13.
Fair Value of Financial Instruments
Fair Value Measurements
Our available-for-sale securities, derivative instruments and certain non-marketable and marketable securities are financial instruments recorded at fair value on a recurring basis. We make estimates regarding valuation of assets and liabilities measured at fair value in preparing our interim consolidated financial statements.
Fair value is defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability (the “exit price”) in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. There is a three-level hierarchy for disclosure of assets and liabilities recorded at fair value. The classification of assets and liabilities within the hierarchy is based on whether the inputs to the valuation methodology used for measurement are observable or unobservable and the significance of those inputs in the fair value measurement. Observable inputs reflect market-derived or market-based information obtained from independent sources, while unobservable inputs reflect our estimates about market data and views of market participants. The three levels for measuring fair value are based on the reliability of inputs and are as follows:
Level 1
Fair value measurements based on quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities that we have the ability to access. Valuation adjustments and block discounts are not applied to instruments utilizing Level 1 inputs. Since valuations are based on quoted prices that are readily and regularly available in an active market, valuation of these instruments does not entail a significant degree of judgment. Assets utilizing Level 1 inputs include exchange-traded equity securities and certain marketable securities accounted for under fair value accounting.
Level 2
Fair value measurements based on quoted prices in markets that are not active or for which all significant inputs are observable, directly or indirectly. Valuations for the available-for-sale securities are provided by independent external pricing

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service providers. We review the methodologies used to determine the fair value, including understanding the nature and observability of the inputs used to determine the price. Additional corroboration, such as obtaining a non-binding price from a broker, may be required depending on the frequency of trades of the security and the level of liquidity or depth of the market. The valuation methodology that is generally used for the Level 2 assets is the income approach. Below is a summary of the significant inputs used for each class of Level 2 assets and liabilities:
U.S. treasury securities: U.S. treasury securities are considered by most investors to be the most liquid fixed income investments available. These securities are priced relative to market prices on similar U.S. treasury securities.
U.S. agency debentures: Fair value measurements of U.S. agency debentures are based on the characteristics specific to bonds held, such as issuer name, coupon rate, maturity date and any applicable issuer call option features. Valuations are based on market spreads relative to similar term benchmark market interest rates, generally U.S. treasury securities.
Agency-issued mortgage-backed securities: Agency-issued mortgage-backed securities are pools of individual conventional mortgage loans underwritten to U.S. agency standards with similar coupon rates, tenor, and other attributes such as geographic location, loan size and origination vintage. Fair value measurements of these securities are based on observable price adjustments relative to benchmark market interest rates taking into consideration estimated loan prepayment speeds.
Agency-issued collateralized mortgage obligations: Agency-issued collateralized mortgage obligations are structured into classes or tranches with defined cash flow characteristics and are collateralized by U.S. agency-issued mortgage pass-through securities. Fair value measurements of these securities incorporate similar characteristics of mortgage pass-through securities such as coupon rate, tenor, geographic location, loan size and origination vintage, in addition to incorporating the effect of estimated prepayment speeds on the cash flow structure of the class or tranche. These measurements incorporate observable market spreads over an estimated average life after considering the inputs listed above.
Agency-issued commercial mortgage-backed securities: Fair value measurements of these securities are based on spreads to benchmark market interest rates (usually U.S. treasury rates or rates observable in the swaps market), prepayment speeds, loan default rate assumptions and loan loss severity assumptions on underlying loans.
Municipal bonds and notes: Bonds issued by municipal governments generally have stated coupon rates, final maturity dates and are subject to being called ahead of the final maturity date at the option of the issuer. Fair value measurements of these securities are priced based on spreads to other municipal benchmark bonds with similar characteristics; or, relative to market rates on U.S. treasury bonds of similar maturity.
Interest rate swap assets: Fair value measurements of interest rate swaps are priced considering the coupon rate of the fixed leg of the contract and the variable coupon on the floating leg of the contract. Valuation is based on both spot and forward rates on the swap yield curve and the credit worthiness of the contract counterparty.
Foreign exchange forward and option contract assets and liabilities: Fair value measurements of these assets and liabilities are priced based on spot and forward foreign currency rates and option volatility assumptions and the credit worthiness of the contract counterparty.
Equity warrant assets (public portfolio): Fair value measurements of equity warrant assets of public portfolio companies are priced based on the Black-Scholes option pricing model that use the publicly-traded equity prices (underlying stock value), stated strike prices, option expiration dates, the risk-free interest rate and market-observable option volatility assumptions.
Level 3
The fair value measurement is derived from valuation techniques that use significant assumptions not observable in the market. These unobservable assumptions reflect our own estimates of assumptions we believe market participants would use in pricing the asset. Below is a summary of the valuation techniques used for each class of Level 3 assets:
Venture capital and private equity fund investments: Fair value measurements are based on the information provided by the investee funds’ management, which reflects our share of the fair value of the net assets of the investment fund on the valuation date. We account for differences between our measurement date and the date of the fund investment’s net asset value by using the most recent available financial information from the investee general partner, adjusted for any contributions paid, distributions received from the investment, and significant fund transactions or market events during the reporting period.
Other venture capital investments: Fair value measurements are based on consideration of a range of factors including, but not limited to, the price at which the investment was acquired, the term and nature of the investment, local market conditions, values for comparable securities, and as it relates to the private company, the current and projected operating performance, exit strategies and financing transactions subsequent to the acquisition of the investment. The significant unobservable inputs used in the fair value measurement include the information about each portfolio company, including

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actual and forecasted results, cash position, recent or planned transactions and market comparable companies. Significant changes to any one of these inputs in isolation could result in a significant change in the fair value measurement, however, we generally consider all factors available through ongoing communication with the portfolio companies and venture capital fund managers to determine whether there are changes to the portfolio company or the environment that indicate a change in the fair value measurement.
Equity warrant assets (private portfolio): Fair value measurements of equity warrant assets of private portfolio companies are priced based on a modified Black-Scholes option pricing model to estimate the underlying asset value by using stated strike prices, option expiration dates, risk-free interest rates and option volatility assumptions. Option volatility assumptions used in the modified Black-Scholes model are based on public market indices whose members operate in similar industries as companies in our private company portfolio. Option expiration dates are modified to account for estimates to actual life relative to stated expiration. Overall model asset values are further adjusted for a general lack of liquidity due to the private nature of the associated underlying company. There is a direct correlation between changes in the volatility and remaining life assumptions in isolation and the fair value measurement while there is an inverse correlation between changes in the liquidity discount assumption and the fair value measurement.
It is our policy to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs when developing fair value measurements. When available, we use quoted market prices to measure fair value. If market prices are not available, fair value measurement is based upon valuation techniques that use primarily market-based or independently-sourced market parameters, including interest rate yield curves, prepayment speeds, option volatilities and currency rates. Substantially all of our financial instruments use either of the foregoing methodologies, and are categorized as a Level 1 or Level 2 measurement in the fair value hierarchy. However, in certain cases, when market observable inputs for our valuation techniques may not be readily available, we are required to make judgments about assumptions we believe market participants would use in estimating the fair value of the financial instrument, and based on the significance of those judgments, the measurement may be determined to be a Level 3 fair value measurement.
The degree of management judgment involved in determining the fair value of a financial instrument is dependent upon the availability of quoted market prices or observable market parameters. For financial instruments that trade actively and have quoted market prices or observable market parameters, there is minimal subjectivity involved in measuring fair value. When observable market prices and parameters are not fully available, management judgment is necessary to estimate fair value. For inactive markets, there is little information, if any, to evaluate if individual transactions are orderly. Accordingly, we are required to estimate, based upon all available facts and circumstances, the degree to which orderly transactions are occurring and provide more weighting to price quotes that are based upon orderly transactions. In addition, changes in the market conditions may reduce the availability of quoted prices or observable data. For example, reduced liquidity in the capital markets or changes in secondary market activities could result in observable market inputs becoming unavailable. Therefore, when market data is not available, we use valuation techniques requiring more management judgment to estimate the appropriate fair value measurement. Accordingly, the degree of judgment exercised by management in determining fair value is greater for financial assets and liabilities categorized as Level 3.

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The following fair value hierarchy table presents information about our assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of September 30, 2012:
(Dollars in thousands)
 
Quoted Prices in
Active Markets
for Identical
Assets
(Level 1)
 
Significant Other
Observable
Inputs
(Level 2)
 
Significant
Unobservable
Inputs
(Level 3)
 
Balance as of September 30, 2012
Assets
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Available-for-sale securities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
U.S. treasury securities
 
$

 
$
25,429

 
$

 
$
25,429

U.S. agency debentures
 

 
2,936,150

 

 
2,936,150

Residential mortgage-backed securities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Agency-issued mortgage-backed securities
 

 
1,590,582

 

 
1,590,582

Agency-issued collateralized mortgage obligations - fixed rate
 

 
4,168,125

 

 
4,168,125

Agency-issued collateralized mortgage obligations - variable rate
 

 
1,939,799

 

 
1,939,799

Agency-issued commercial mortgage-backed securities
 

 
279,507

 

 
279,507

Municipal bonds and notes
 

 
100,221

 

 
100,221

Equity securities
 
7,917

 

 

 
7,917

Total available-for-sale securities
 
7,917

 
11,039,813

 

 
11,047,730

Non-marketable securities (fair value accounting):
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Venture capital and private equity fund investments
 

 

 
658,409

 
658,409

Other venture capital investments
 

 

 
118,622

 
118,622

Total non-marketable securities (fair value accounting)
 

 

 
777,031

 
777,031

Other assets:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Marketable securities
 
3,807

 
1,609

 

 
5,416

Interest rate swaps
 

 
9,508

 

 
9,508

Foreign exchange forward and option contracts
 

 
13,116

 

 
13,116

Equity warrant assets
 

 
5,787

 
64,691

 
70,478

Loan conversion options
 

 
1,240

 

 
1,240

Client interest rate derivatives
 

 
236

 

 
236

Total assets (1)
 
$
11,724

 
$
11,071,309

 
$
841,722

 
$
11,924,755

Liabilities
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Foreign exchange forward and option contracts
 
$

 
$
12,476

 
$

 
$
12,476

Client interest rate derivatives
 

 
247

 

 
247

Total liabilities
 
$

 
$
12,723

 
$

 
$
12,723

 
 
(1)
Included in Level 1, Level 2, and Level 3 assets are $3.4 million, $1.5 million, and $689.6 million, respectively, attributable to noncontrolling interests calculated based on the ownership percentages of the noncontrolling interests.

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The following fair value hierarchy table presents information about our assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of December 31, 2011:
(Dollars in thousands)
 
Quoted Prices in
Active Markets
for Identical
Assets
(Level 1)
 
Significant Other
Observable
Inputs
(Level 2)
 
Significant
Unobservable
Inputs
(Level 3)
 
Balance as of December 31, 2011
Assets
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Available-for-sale securities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
U.S. treasury securities
 
$

 
$
25,964

 
$

 
$
25,964

U.S. agency debentures
 

 
2,874,932

 

 
2,874,932

Residential mortgage-backed securities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

Agency-issued mortgage-backed securities
 

 
1,564,286

 

 
1,564,286

Agency-issued collateralized mortgage obligations - fixed rate
 

 
3,373,760

 

 
3,373,760

Agency-issued collateralized mortgage obligations - variable rate
 

 
2,413,378

 

 
2,413,378

Agency-issued commercial mortgage-backed securities
 

 
178,693

 

 
178,693

Municipal bonds and notes
 

 
100,498

 

 
100,498

Equity securities
 
4,535

 

 

 
4,535

Total available-for-sale securities
 
4,535

 
10,531,511

 

 
10,536,046

Non-marketable securities (fair value accounting):
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Venture capital and private equity fund investments
 

 

 
611,824

 
611,824

Other venture capital investments
 

 

 
124,121

 
124,121

Other investments
 

 

 
987

 
987

Total non-marketable securities (fair value accounting)
 

 

 
736,932

 
736,932

Other assets:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Marketable securities
 
1,410

 

 

 
1,410

Interest rate swaps
 

 
11,441

 

 
11,441

Foreign exchange forward and option contracts
 

 
18,326

 

 
18,326

Equity warrant assets
 

 
3,923

 
63,030

 
66,953

Loan conversion options
 

 
923

 

 
923

Client interest rate derivatives
 

 
50

 

 
50

Total assets (1)
 
$
5,945

 
$
10,566,174

 
$
799,962


$
11,372,081

Liabilities
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Foreign exchange forward and option contracts
 
$

 
$
16,816

 
$

 
$
16,816

Client interest rate derivatives
 

 
52

 

 
52

Total liabilities
 
$

 
$
16,868

 
$

 
$
16,868

 
 
(1)
Included in Level 1 and Level 3 assets are $1.2 million and $647.5 million, respectively, attributable to noncontrolling interests calculated based on the ownership percentages of the noncontrolling interests.


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The following table presents additional information about Level 3 assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011, respectively:
(Dollars in thousands)
 
Beginning
Balance
 
Total Realized and Unrealized Gains (Losses) Included in Income
 
Purchases  
 
Sales
 
Issuances  
 
Distributions and Other Settlements
 
Transfers Into Level 3 
 
Transfers Out of Level 3
 
Ending
Balance
Three months ended September 30, 2012
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Non-marketable securities (fair value accounting):
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Venture capital and private equity fund investments
 
$
639,596

 
$
12,104

 
$
35,092

 
$

 
$

 
$
(28,383
)
 
$

 
$

 
$
658,409

Other venture capital investments
 
120,111

 
3,259

 
953

 
(5,202
)
 

 
479

 

 
(978
)
 
118,622

Total non-marketable securities (fair value accounting) (1)
 
759,707

 
15,363

 
36,045

 
(5,202
)
 

 
(27,904
)
 

 
(978
)
 
777,031

Other assets:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Equity warrant assets (2)
 
68,619

 
(800
)
 

 
(5,954
)
 
2,994

 

 

 
(168
)
 
64,691

Total assets
 
$
828,326

 
$
14,563

 
$
36,045

 
$
(11,156
)
 
$
2,994

 
$
(27,904
)
 
$

 
$
(1,146
)
 
$
841,722

Three months ended September 30, 2011
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Non-marketable securities (fair value accounting):
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Venture capital and private equity fund investments
 
$
515,118

 
$
32,041

 
$
42,590

 
$

 
$

 
$
(11,623
)
 
$

 
$

 
$
578,126

Other venture capital investments
 
114,070

 
17,237

 
2,193

 
(9,335
)
 

 
(4,005
)
 

 

 
120,160

Other investments
 
995

 
(16
)
 

 

 

 
(6
)
 

 

 
973

Total non-marketable securities (fair value accounting) (1)
 
630,183

 
49,262

 
44,783

 
(9,335
)
 

 
(15,634
)
 

 

 
699,259

Other assets:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Equity warrant assets (2)
 
49,777

 
8,192

 

 
(6,427
)
 
2,876

 

 

 

 
54,418

Total assets
 
$
679,960

 
$
57,454

 
$
44,783

 
$
(15,762
)
 
$
2,876

 
$
(15,634
)
 
$

 
$

 
$
753,677

Nine months ended September 30, 2012
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Non-marketable securities (fair value accounting):
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Venture capital and private equity fund investments
 
$
611,824

 
$
38,765

 
$
90,173

 
$

 
$

 
$
(82,353
)
 
$

 
$

 
$
658,409

Other venture capital investments
 
124,121

 
(3,868
)
 
8,888

 
(9,441
)
 

 
495

 

 
(1,573
)
 
118,622

Other investments
 
987

 
21

 

 

 

 
(1,008
)
 

 

 

Total non-marketable securities (fair value accounting) (1)
 
736,932

 
34,918

 
99,061

 
(9,441
)
 

 
(82,866
)
 

 
(1,573
)
 
777,031

Other assets:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Equity warrant assets (2)
 
63,030

 
8,848

 

 
(15,672
)
 
9,167

 
1

 

 
(683
)
 
64,691

Total assets
 
$
799,962

 
$
43,766

 
$
99,061

 
$
(25,113
)
 
$
9,167

 
$
(82,865
)
 
$

 
$
(2,256
)
 
$
841,722

Nine months ended September 30, 2011
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Non-marketable securities (fair value accounting):
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Venture capital and private equity fund investments
 
$
391,247

 
$
108,032

 
$
119,990

 
$

 
$

 
$
(41,143
)
 
$

 
$

 
$
578,126

Other venture capital investments
 
111,843

 
22,608

 
12,939

 
(27,513
)
 

 
283

 

 

 
120,160

Other investments
 
981

 
4

 

 

 

 
(12
)
 

 

 
973

Total non-marketable securities (fair value accounting) (1)
 
504,071

 
130,644

 
132,929

 
(27,513
)
 

 
(40,872
)
 

 

 
699,259

Other assets:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Equity warrant assets (2)
 
43,537

 
21,403

 

 
(19,889
)
 
10,058

 
(63
)
 

 
(628
)
 
54,418

Total assets
 
$
547,608

 
$
152,047

 
$
132,929

 
$
(47,402
)
 
$
10,058

 
$
(40,935
)
 
$

 
$
(628
)
 
$
753,677

 
 
(1)
Realized and unrealized gains (losses) are recorded on the line items “gains on investment securities, net”, and “other noninterest income”, components of noninterest income.
(2)
Realized and unrealized gains (losses) are recorded on the line item “gains on derivative instruments, net”, a component of noninterest income.

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The following table presents the amount of unrealized gains (losses) included in earnings (which is inclusive of noncontrolling interest) attributable to Level 3 assets still held at September 30, 2012:
 
 
Three months ended September 30, 2012
 
Nine months ended September 30, 2012
Non-marketable securities (fair value accounting):
 
 
 
 
Venture capital and private equity fund investments (1)
 
$
12,724

 
$
38,916

Other venture capital investments
 
(963
)
 
4,177

Total non-marketable securities (fair value accounting) (2)
 
11,761

 
43,093

Other assets:
 
 
 
 
Equity warrant assets (3)
 
(2,480
)
 
(2,505
)
Total unrealized gains
 
$
9,281

 
$
40,588

Unrealized gains attributable to noncontrolling interests (1)
 
$
9,543

 
$
37,445

 
(1)
In the third quarter of 2012, for purposes of this disclosure we have revised our methodology to exclude reclassifications of previously recorded unrealized gains (losses) as a result of distributions.
(2)
Unrealized gains (losses) are recorded on the line items “gains on investment securities, net”, and “other noninterest income”, components of noninterest income.
(3)
Unrealized (losses) gains are recorded on the line item “gains on derivative instruments, net”, a component of noninterest income.
The following table presents quantitative information about the significant unobservable inputs used for certain of our Level 3 fair value measurements at September 30, 2012. We have not included in this table our venture capital and private equity fund investments (fair value accounting) as we use net asset value per share (as obtained from the general partners of the investments) as a practical expedient to determine fair value.
(Dollars in thousands)
 
Fair value at September 30, 2012
 
Valuation Technique
 
Significant Unobservable Inputs
 
Weighted 
Average
Other venture capital investments (fair value accounting)
 
$
118,622

 
Private company equity pricing
 
(1)
 
(1)
Equity warrant assets (private portfolio)
 
64,691

 
Modifed Black-Scholes option pricing model
 
Volatility
 
49.8
%
 
 
 
 
 
Risk-Free interest rate
 
0.3
%
 
 
 
 
 
Marketability discount (2)
 
22.5
%
 
 
 
 
 
Remaining life assumption (3)
 
45.0
%
 
 
 
(1)
In determining the fair value of our other venture capital investment portfolio, we evaluate a variety of factors related to each underlying private portfolio company including, but not limited to, actual and forecasted results, cash position, recent or planned transactions and market comparable companies. Additionally, we have ongoing communication with the portfolio companies and venture capital fund managers, to determine whether there is a material change in fair value. These factors are specific to each portfolio company and a weighted average or range of values of the unobservable inputs is not meaningful.
(2)
Our marketability discount is applied to all private company warrants to account for a general lack of liquidity due to the private nature of the associated underlying company. The quantitative measure used is based on long-run averages and is influenced over time by various factors, including market conditions. On a quarterly basis, a sensitivity analysis is performed on our marketability discount. In the third quarter of 2012, we increased the marketability discount from 15.0 percent to 22.5 percent to reflect market conditions and trends.
(3)
We adjust the contractual remaining term of private company warrants based on our best estimate of the actual remaining life, which we determine by utilizing historical data on cancellations and exercises. At September 30, 2012, the weighted average contractual remaining term was 6.6 years, compared to our estimated remaining life of 3.0 years. On a quarterly basis, a sensitivity analysis is performed on our remaining life assumption. In the third quarter of 2012, we increased the remaining life assumption from 40.0 percent to 45.0 percent of the contractual term to reflect market conditions and trends.
As a result of the changes made to our marketability discount and remaining life assumption in the third quarter of 2012 (discussed above), our private warrant portfolio valuation decreased by $3.4 million.
For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2012, we had transfers of $2.1 million from Level 2 to Level 1. For

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the three and nine months ended September 30, 2011 we had no transfers between Level 1 and Level 2. Transfers from Level 3 to Level 2 for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2012 included $1.0 million and $1.6 million, respectively, due to IPOs of certain of our portfolio companies, which were included in our non-marketable securities portfolio. All other transfers from Level 3 to Level 2 for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2012 and all transfers for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2011 were due to the transfer of equity warrant assets from our private portfolio to our public portfolio (See our Level 3 reconciliation above). All amounts reported as transfers represent the fair value as of the date of the change in circumstances that caused the transfer.
Financial Instruments not Carried at Fair Value
FASB guidance over financial instruments requires that we disclose estimated fair values for our financial instruments not carried at fair value. Fair value estimates, methods and assumptions, set forth below for our financial instruments, are made solely to comply with these requirements.
Fair values are based on estimates or calculations at the transaction level using present value techniques in instances where quoted market prices are not available. Because broadly traded markets do not exist for many of our financial instruments, the fair value calculations attempt to incorporate the effect of current market conditions at a specific time. The aggregation of the fair value calculations presented herein does not represent, and should not be construed to represent, the underlying value of the Company.
The following describes the methods and assumptions used in estimating the fair values of financial instruments, excluding financial instruments already recorded at fair value as described above.
Cash and Cash Equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents include cash on hand, cash balances due from banks, interest-earning deposits, securities purchased under agreement to resell and other short-term investment securities. The carrying amount is a reasonable estimate of fair value because of the insignificant risk of changes in fair value due to changes in market interest rates, and the instruments are purchased in conjunction with our cash management activities.
Non-Marketable Securities (Cost and Equity Method Accounting)
Non-marketable securities (cost and equity method accounting) includes other investments (equity method accounting), low income housing tax credit funds (equity method accounting), venture capital and private equity fund investments (cost method accounting), and other venture capital investments (cost method accounting). Other investments (equity method accounting) includes our investment in SPD-SVB, our joint venture bank in China. At this time, the carrying value of our investment in SPD-SVB is a reasonable estimate of fair value. The fair value of the remaining other investments (equity method accounting) and the fair value of venture capital and private equity fund investments (cost method accounting) and other venture capital investments (cost method accounting) is based on financial information obtained from the investee or obtained from the fund investments’ or debt fund investments’ respective general partners. For private company investments, fair value is based on consideration of a range of factors including, but not limited to, the price at which the investment was acquired, the term and nature of the investment, local market conditions, values for comparable securities, current and projected operating performance, exit strategies and financing transactions subsequent to the acquisition of the investment. For our fund investments, we utilize the net asset value per share as obtained from the general partners of the investments. We adjust the net asset value per share for differences between our measurement date and the date of the fund investment’s net asset value by using the most recently available financial information from the investee general partner, for example June 30th, for our September 30th consolidated financial statements, adjusted for any contributions paid, distributions received from the investment, and significant fund transactions or market events during the reporting period. The carrying value of our low income housing tax credit funds (equity method accounting) is a reasonable estimate of fair value.
Loans
The fair value of fixed and variable rate loans is estimated by discounting contractual cash flows using rates that reflect current pricing for similar loans and the projected forward yield curve. This method is not based on the exit price concept of fair value required under ASC 820, Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures.
FHLB and FRB stock
Investments in FHLB and FRB stock are recorded at cost. The carrying amounts of these investments are reasonable estimates of fair value because the securities are restricted to member banks and they do not have a readily determinable market value.
Accrued Interest Receivable and Payable

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The carrying amounts of accrued interest receivable and payable are reasonable estimates of fair value due to the short-term nature of these instruments.
Deposits
The fair value of deposits with no stated maturity, such as noninterest-bearing demand deposits, interest-bearing checking accounts, money market accounts and interest-bearing sweep deposits is equal to the amount payable on demand at the measurement date. The fair value of time deposits is estimated by discounting the cash flows using our cost of borrowings and the projected forward yield curve over their remaining contractual term.
Short-Term Borrowings
Short-term borrowings at September 30, 2012 included FHLB advances, federal funds purchased and cash collateral received from our counterparty for our interest rate swap agreement related to our 6.05% Subordinated Notes. The carrying amounts of our FHLB advances and federal funds purchased are reasonable estimates of fair value because of the relatively short time between the origination of the instrument and its contractual maturity. The carrying amount of the cash collateral is a reasonable estimate of fair value.
Long-Term Debt
Long-term debt at September 30, 2012 included our 5.375% Senior Notes, 7.0% Junior Subordinated Debentures and 6.05% Subordinated Notes. The fair value of long-term debt is generally based on quoted market prices, when available, or is estimated based on calculations utilizing third-party pricing services and current market spread, price indications from reputable dealers or observable market prices of the underlying instrument(s), whichever is deemed more reliable. Also included in the estimated fair value of our 6.05% Subordinated Notes are amounts related to the fair value of the interest rate swap associated with the note.
Off-Balance Sheet Financial Instruments
The fair value of net available commitments to extend credit is estimated based on the average amount we would receive or pay to execute a new agreement with identical terms and pricing, while taking into account the counterparties’ credit standing.
Letters of credit are carried at their fair value, which is equivalent to the residual premium or fee at September 30, 2012 or December 31, 2011. Commitments to extend credit and letters of credit typically result in loans with a market interest rate if funded.

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The following fair value hierarchy table presents the estimated fair values of our financial instruments that are not carried at fair value at September 30, 2012 and December 31, 2011:
 
 
 
 
Estimated Fair Value
(Dollars in thousands)
 
Carrying Amount
 
Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets
(Level 1)
 
Significant Other Observable Inputs
(Level 2)
 
Significant
Unobservable
Inputs
(Level 3)
September 30, 2012:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Financial assets:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Cash and cash equivalents
 
$
906,680

 
$
906,680

 
$

 
$

Non-marketable securities (cost and equity method accounting)
 
386,784

 

 

 
421,123

Net commercial loans
 
7,345,239

 

 

 
7,542,349

Net consumer loans
 
745,606

 

 

 
766,903

FHLB and FRB stock
 
39,301

 

 

 
39,301

Accrued interest receivable
 
62,441

 

 
62,441

 

Financial liabilities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Short-term FHLB advances
 
215,000

 
215,000

 

 

Federal funds purchased
 
287,000

 
287,000

 

 

Other short-term borrowings
 
6,170

 
6,170

 

 

Non-maturity deposits (1)
 
17,575,816

 
17,575,816

 

 

Time deposits
 
149,250

 

 
149,031

 

5.375% Senior Notes
 
347,944

 

 
398,220

 

6.05% Subordinated Notes (2)
 
55,130

 

 
62,486

 

7.0% Junior Subordinated Debentures
 
55,240

 

 
52,268

 

Accrued interest payable
 
1,938

 

 
1,938

 

Off-balance sheet financial assets:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commitments to extend credit
 

 

 

 
21,467

December 31, 2011:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Financial assets:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Cash and cash equivalents
 
$
1,114,948

 
$
1,114,948

 
$

 
$

Non-marketable securities (cost and equity method accounting)
 
267,508

 

 

 
290,393

Net commercial loans
 
6,192,578

 

 

 
6,336,705

Net consumer loans
 
687,557

 

 

 
627,733

FHLB and FRB stock
 
39,189

 

 

 
39,189

Accrued interest receivable
 
58,108

 

 
58,108

 

Financial liabilities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Non-maturity deposits (1)
 
16,553,787

 
16,553,787

 

 

Time deposits
 
155,749

 

 
155,346

 

5.375% Senior Notes
 
347,793

 

 
362,786

 

6.05% Subordinated Notes (2)
 
55,075

 

 
57,746

 

5.70% Senior Notes (3)
 
143,969

 

 
145,184

 

7.0% Junior Subordinated Debentures
 
55,372

 

 
51,526

 

Other long-term debt
 
1,439

 

 

 
1,439

Accrued interest payable
 
6,689

 

 
6,689

 

Off-balance sheet financial assets:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commitments to extend credit
 

 

 

 
21,232

 
 
(1)
Includes noninterest-bearing demand deposits, interest-bearing checking accounts, money market accounts and interest-bearing sweep deposits.
(2)
At September 30, 2012 and December 31, 2011, included in the carrying value and estimated fair value of our 6.05% Subordinated Notes was $9.5 million and $8.8 million, respectively, related to the fair value of the interest rate swap associated with the notes.
(3)
At December 31, 2011, included in the carrying value and estimated fair value of our 5.70% Senior Notes was $2.6 million related to the fair value of the interest rate swap associated with the notes.

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Investments in Entities that Calculate Net Asset Value Per Share
FASB guidance over certain fund investments requires that we disclose the fair value of funds, significant investment strategies of the investees, redemption features of the investees, restrictions on the ability to sell investments, estimate of the period of time over which the underlying assets are expected to be liquidated by the investee, and unfunded commitments related to the investments.
Our investments in debt funds and venture capital and private equity fund investments generally cannot be redeemed. Alternatively, we expect distributions, if any, to be received primarily through IPOs and M&A activity of the underlying assets of the fund. We currently do not have any plans to sell any of these fund investments. If we decide to sell these investments in the future, the investee fund’s management must approve of the buyer before the sale of the investments can be completed. The fair values of the fund investments have been estimated using the net asset value per share of the investments, adjusted for any differences between our measurement date and the date of the fund investment’s net asset value by using the most recently available financial information from the investee general partner, for example June 30st, for our September 30th consolidated financial statements, adjusted for any contributions paid, distributions received from the investment, and significant fund transactions or market events during the reporting period.
The following table is a summary of the estimated fair values of these investments and remaining unfunded commitments for each major category of these investments as of September 30, 2012:
(Dollars in thousands)
 
Carrying Amount      
 
Fair Value        
 
Unfunded
Commitments      
Non-marketable securities (fair value accounting):
 
 
 
 
 
 
Venture capital and private equity fund investments (1)
 
$
658,409

 
$
658,409

 
$
430,798

Non-marketable securities (equity method accounting):
 
 
 
 
 
 
Other investments (2)
 
54,288

 
55,715

 
6,750

Non-marketable securities (cost method accounting):
 
 
 
 
 
 
Venture capital and private equity fund investments (3)
 
158,275

 
190,033

 
60,809

Total
 
$
870,972

 
$
904,157

 
$
498,357

 
 
(1)
Venture capital and private equity fund investments within non-marketable securities (fair value accounting) include investments made by our managed funds of funds, one of our direct venture funds and one other private equity fund. These investments represent investments in venture capital and private equity funds that invest primarily in U.S. and global technology and life sciences companies. Included in the fair value and unfunded commitments of fund investments under fair value accounting are $581.9 million and $420.0 million, respectively, attributable to noncontrolling interests. It is estimated that we will receive distributions from the fund investments over the next 10 to 13 years, depending on the age of the funds and any potential extensions of terms of the funds.
(2)
Other investments within non-marketable securities (equity method accounting) include investments in debt funds and venture capital and private equity fund investments that invest in or lend money to primarily U.S. and global technology and life sciences companies. It is estimated that we will receive distributions from the fund investments over the next 10 to 13 years, depending on the age of the funds.
(3)
Venture capital and private equity fund investments within non-marketable securities (cost method accounting) include investments in venture capital and private equity fund investments that invest primarily in U.S. and global technology and life sciences companies. It is estimated that we will receive distributions from the fund investments over the next 10 to 13 years, depending on the age of the funds and any potential extensions of the terms of the funds.
14.
Legal Matters
Certain lawsuits and claims arising in the ordinary course of business have been filed or are pending against us or our affiliates. In accordance with applicable accounting guidance, we establish accruals for all lawsuits, claims and expected settlements when we believe it is probable that a loss has been incurred and the amount of the loss is reasonably estimable. When a loss contingency is not both probable and estimable, we do not establish an accrual. Any such loss estimates are inherently uncertain, based on currently available information and are subject to management’s judgment and various assumptions. Due to the inherent subjectivity of these estimates and unpredictability of outcomes of legal proceedings, any amounts accrued may not represent the ultimate resolution of such matters.
To the extent we believe any potential loss relating to such lawsuits and claims may have a material impact on our liquidity, consolidated financial position, results of operations, and/or our business as a whole and is reasonably possible but not probable,

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we disclose information relating to any such potential loss, whether in excess of any established accruals or where there is no established accrual. We also disclose information relating to any material potential loss that is probable but not reasonably estimable. Where reasonably practicable, we will provide an estimate of loss or range of potential loss. No disclosures are generally made for any loss contingencies that are deemed to be remote.
Based upon information available to us, our review of lawsuits and claims filed or pending against us to date and consultation with our outside legal counsel, we have not recognized a material accrual liability for these matters, nor do we currently expect it is reasonably possible that these matters will result in a material liability to the Company. However, the outcome of litigation and other legal and regulatory matters is inherently uncertain, and it is possible that one or more of such matters currently pending or threatened could have an unanticipated material adverse effect on our liquidity, consolidated financial position, results of operations, and/or our business as a whole, in the future.
15.
Related Parties
During the nine months ended September 30, 2012, the Bank made loans to related parties, including certain companies in which certain of our directors or their affiliated venture funds are beneficial owners of ten percent or more of the equity securities of such companies. Such loans: (a) were made in the ordinary course of business; (b) were made on substantially the same terms, including interest rates and collateral, as those prevailing at the time for comparable transactions with other persons; and (c) did not involve more than the normal risk of collectability or present other unfavorable features. Additionally, we also provide real estate secured loans to eligible employees through our EHOP.
16.
Subsequent Events
We have evaluated all material subsequent events and determined there are no events that require disclosure.

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ITEM 2.  MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
Forward-Looking Statements
This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, including in particular “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” under Part I, Item 2 of this report, contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Management has in the past and might in the future make forward-looking statements orally to analysts, investors, the media and others. Forward-looking statements are statements that are not historical facts. Broadly speaking, forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to, the following:
Projections of our net interest income, noninterest income, earnings per share, noninterest expenses (including professional services, compliance, compensation and other costs), cash flows, balance sheet positions, capital expenditures, liquidity and capitalization or other financial items
Descriptions of our strategic initiatives, plans or objectives for future operations, including pending sales or acquisitions
Forecasts of venture capital/private equity funding and investment levels
Forecasts of future interest rates, economic performance, and income from investments
Forecasts of expected levels of provisions for loan losses, loan growth and client funds
Descriptions of assumptions underlying or relating to any of the foregoing
In this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, we make forward-looking statements, including, but not limited to, those discussing our management’s expectations about:
Market and economic conditions (including interest rate environment, and levels of public offerings, mergers/acquisitions and venture capital financing activities) and the associated impact on us
The sufficiency of our capital, including sources of capital (such as funds generated through retained earnings) and the extent to which capital may be used or required
The adequacy of our liquidity position, including sources of liquidity (such as funds generated through retained earnings)
The adequacy of our liquidity position, including sources of liquidity (such as funds generated through retained earnings)
The realization, timing, valuation and performance of equity or other investments
The likelihood that the market value of our impaired investments will recover
Our intent to sell our investment securities prior to recovery of our cost basis, or the likelihood of such
Expected cash requirements for unfunded commitments to certain investments, including capital calls
Our overall management of interest rate risk, including managing the sensitivity of our interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities to interest rates, and the impact to earnings from a change in interest rates
The credit quality of our loan portfolio, including levels and trends of nonperforming loans, impaired loans, criticized loans and troubled debt restructurings
The adequacy of reserves (including allowance for loan and lease losses) and the appropriateness of our methodology for calculating such reserves
The level of loan and deposit balances
The level of client investment fees and associated margins
The profitability of our products and services
Our strategic initiatives, including the expansion of operations in China, India, Israel, the UK and elsewhere (such as establishing our joint venture bank in China and a branch in the UK)

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The expansion and growth of our noninterest income sources
Distributions of venture capital, private equity or debt fund investment proceeds; intentions to sell such fund investments
The changes in, or adequacy of, our unrecognized tax benefits and any associated impact
The impact from the IRS audit examination results
The extent to which counterparties, including those to our forward and option contracts, will perform their contractual obligations
The effect of application of certain accounting pronouncements
The effect of lawsuits and claims
Regulatory developments, including the nature and timing of the adoption and effectiveness of new requirements under the Dodd-Frank Act (as defined below), Basel guidelines, and other applicable laws and regulations
You can identify these and other forward-looking statements by the use of words such as “becoming,” “may,” “will,” “should,” “predicts,” “potential,” “continue,” “anticipates,” “believes,” “estimates,” “seeks,” “expects,” “plans,” “intends,” the negative of such words, or comparable terminology. Although we believe that the expectations reflected in these forward-looking statements are reasonable, we have based these expectations on our beliefs as well as our assumptions, and such expectations may prove to be incorrect. Our actual results of operations and financial performance could differ significantly from those expressed in or implied by our management’s forward-looking statements.
For information with respect to factors that could cause actual results to differ from the expectations stated in the forward-looking statements, see “Risk Factors” set forth in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2011 (“2011 Form 10-K”), as filed with the SEC. We urge investors to consider all of these factors carefully in evaluating the forward-looking statements contained in this report. All subsequent written or oral forward-looking statements attributable to us or persons acting on our behalf are expressly qualified in their entirety by these cautionary statements. The forward-looking statements included in this filing are made only as of the date of this filing. We assume no obligation and do not intend to revise or update any forward-looking statements contained in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.
The following discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations should be read in conjunction with our interim unaudited consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes as presented in Part I, Item 1 of this report and in conjunction with our 2011 Form 10-K.
Reclassifications
Certain reclassifications have been made to prior period results to conform to the current period’s presentations. Such reclassifications had no effect on our results of operations or stockholders’ equity.
Management’s Overview of Third Quarter 2012 Performance
Overall, we had a strong third quarter of 2012, which reflected the strength of our clients and our business. We had net income available to common stockholders of $42.3 million and diluted earnings per common share of $0.94. In the third quarter of 2012, compared to the third quarter of 2011, we experienced strong growth in net interest income as a result of exceptional loan growth during the quarter with record high average balances of $7.9 billion. Our total client funds, which consists of on-balance sheet deposits and off-balance sheet client investment funds, also increased reflecting growth from our existing clients and the addition of new clients. In addition, overall credit quality remains strong, and we saw continued growth in fee income and solid gains from our investment securities portfolio. Additionally, our liquidity and capital ratios continued to remain strong.
Third quarter 2012 results (compared to the third quarter 2011, where applicable) included:
Continued strong growth in our lending business with record high average loan balances of $7.9 billion, an increase of $1.9 billion, or 31.6 percent.
A provision for loan losses of $6.8 million, primarily attributable to loan growth. Net charge-offs of $3.4 million (or 0.17 percent of average total gross loans-annualized) for the third quarter of 2012 reflects the strong overall credit quality of our portfolio.
Average deposit balances of $18.3 billion, an increase of $2.5 billion, or 15.5 percent. Average total client funds

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(including both average on-balance sheet deposits and off-balance sheet client investment funds) were $39.2 billion, an increase of $5.5 billion, or 16.2 percent. 
Net interest income (fully taxable equivalent basis) of $154.9 million, an increase of $19.0 million, primarily due to an increase in interest income from loans mainly attributable to growth in average balances of $1.9 billion. These increases were partially offset by lower yields earned on our overall loan portfolio.
Our net interest margin remained relatively flat at 3.12 percent, compared to 3.13 percent. Our net interest margin was impacted by decrease in the overall yield of our available-for-sale securities due to increased premium amortization expense from increasing prepayment rates on our mortgage-backed securities and a decrease in the yield of our loan portfolio. The decrease in yields was largely offset by strong growth in average loan balances, which has resulted in a favorable change in our mix of interest-earning assets.
Core fee income (deposit service charges, letters of credit fees, credit card fees, client investment fees, and foreign exchange fees) of $34.4 million, an increase of $4.1 million, or 13.5 percent. This increase reflects increased client activity and continued growth in our business, primarily from credit card fees, client investments fees and foreign exchange fees. See “Results of Operations—Noninterest Income” for a description and reconciliation of core fee income.
 Gains on investment securities, net of noncontrolling interests, of $7.5 million, compared to $9.3 million. See “Results of Operations—Noninterest Income—Gains on Investment Securities, Net” for further details and a reconciliation of gains on investment securities, net of noncontrolling interests.
Noninterest expense of $135.2 million, an increase of $7.7 million, or 6.1 percent. The increase was primarily due to increased premises and equipment and professional services expenses to support continued growth in our business and IT infrastructure initiatives. In addition, average full-time equivalent employees (“FTEs”) increased by 7.8 percent to 1,594 average FTEs, compared to 1,478 average FTEs, which contributed to an increase in salaries and wages expense.
Overall, our liquidity remained strong based on our period end available-for-sale securities portfolio of $11.0 billion at September 30, 2012. Our available-for-sale securities portfolio continues to be a good source of liquidity as it is invested in high quality investments and generates substantial monthly cash flows. Additionally, our available-for-sale securities portfolio provides us the ability to secure wholesale borrowings, if needed.
A summary of our performance for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011 is as follows:
 
 
Three months ended September 30,
 
Nine months ended September 30,
 (Dollars in thousands,
 except per share data and ratios)
 
2012
 
2011
 
% Change  
 
2012
 
2011
 
% Change  
Income Statement:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Diluted earnings per share
 
$
0.94

 
$
0.86

 
9.3

 
$
2.79

 
$
3.12

 
(10.6
)
Net income available to common stockholders
 
42,289

 
37,571

 
12.6

  
 
124,682

 
136,328

 
(8.5
)
  
Net interest income
 
154,430

 
135,455

 
14.0

  
 
457,301

 
386,207

 
18.4

  
Net interest margin
 
3.12
%
 
3.13
 %
 
(1
)
bps 
 
3.21
%
 
3.07
 %
 
14

bps 
Provision for (reduction of) loan losses
 
$
6,788

 
$
769

 
NM

 
$
29,316

 
$
(2,144
)
 
NM

Noninterest income
 
69,139

 
95,611

 
(27.7
)
  
 
208,858

 
309,273

 
(32.5
)
  
Noninterest expense
 
135,171

 
127,451

 
6.1

  
 
402,949

 
365,918

 
10.1

  
Non-GAAP net income available to common stockholders (1)
 
42,289

 
37,571

 
12.6

  
 
119,148

 
111,941

 
6.4

  
Non-GAAP diluted earnings per share (1)
 
0.94

 
0.86

 
9.3

  
 
2.67

 
2.57

 
3.9

  
Non-GAAP noninterest income, net of noncontrolling interest and excluding gains on sales of available-for-sale-securities (2)
 
55,615

 
54,372

 
2.3

  
 
164,834

 
160,600

 
2.6

  
Non-GAAP noninterest expense, net of noncontrolling interest and excluding net gains from debt repurchases (3)
 
132,448

 
124,685

 
6.2

  
 
393,461

 
360,173

 
9.2

  
Balance Sheet:
 
 
 
 
 


 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Average loans, net of unearned income
 
$
7,907,606

 
$
6,006,614

 
31.6

 
$
7,318,537

 
$
5,619,709

 
30.2

Average noninterest-bearing demand deposits
 
12,914,697

 
10,634,757

 
21.4

  
 
12,403,438

 
9,783,426

 
26.8

  
Average interest-bearing deposits
 
5,345,647

 
5,169,279

 
3.4

  
 
5,143,756

 
5,467,512

 
(5.9
)
  
Average total deposits
 
18,260,344

 
15,804,036

 
15.5

  
 
17,547,194

 
15,250,938

 
15.1

  

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Table of Contents

Earnings Ratios:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Return on average assets (annualized) (4)
 
0.77
%
 
0.79
 %
 
(2.5
)
 
0.79
%
 
0.99
 %
 
(20.2
)
Return on average common SVBFG stockholders’ equity (annualized) (5)
 
9.44

 
9.93

 
(4.9
)
  
 
9.77

 
12.95

 
(24.6
)
  
Asset Quality Ratios:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Allowance for loan losses as a percentage of total period-end gross loans
 
1.23
%
 
1.34
 %
 
(11
)
bps 
 
1.23
%
 
1.34
 %
 
(11
)
bps 
Allowance for loan losses for performing loans as a percentage of total gross performing loans
 
1.16

 
1.25

 
(9
)
  
 
1.16

 
1.25

 
(9
)
  
Gross loan charge-offs as a percentage of average total gross loans (annualized)
 
0.23

 
0.54

 
(31
)
  
 
0.47

 
0.40

 
7

  
Net loan charge-offs (recoveries) as a percentage of average total gross loans (annualized)
 
0.17

 
(0.15
)
 
32

  
 
0.32

 
(0.11
)
 
43

  
Capital Ratios:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total risk-based capital ratio (6)
 
14.34
%
 
14.81
 %
 
(47
)
bps 
 
14.34
%
 
14.81
 %
 
(47
)
bps 
Tier 1 risk-based capital ratio (6)
 
13.07

 
13.42

 
(35
)
  
 
13.07

 
13.42

 
(35
)
  
Tier 1 leverage ratio
 
8.02

 
8.01

 
1

  
 
8.02

 
8.01

 
1

  
Tangible common equity to tangible assets (7)
 
8.27

 
8.00

 
27

  
 
8.27

 
8.00

 
27

  
Tangible common equity to risk-weighted assets (6) (7)
 
13.93

 
14.21

 
(28
)
  
 
13.93

 
14.21

 
(28
)
  
Bank total risk-based capital ratio (6)
 
12.70

 
13.07

 
(37
)
  
 
12.70

 
13.07

 
(37
)
  
Bank tier 1 risk-based capital ratio (6)
 
11.41

 
11.63

 
(22
)
  
 
11.41

 
11.63

 
(22
)
  
Bank tier 1 leverage ratio
 
7.00

 
6.93

 
7

  
 
7.00

 
6.93

 
7

  
Bank tangible common equity to tangible assets (7)
 
7.61

 
7.31

 
30

  
 
7.61

 
7.31

 
30

  
Bank tangible common equity to risk-weighted assets (6) (7)
 
12.40

 
12.60

 
(20
)
  
 
12.40

 
12.60

 
(20
)
  
Other Ratios:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Operating efficiency ratio (8)
 
60.33
%
 
55.04
 %
 
9.6

 
60.36
%
 
52.50
 %
 
15.0

Non-GAAP operating efficiency ratio (3)
 
62.93
%
 
65.53
 %
 
(4.0
)
  
 
63.11
%
 
65.70
 %
 
(3.9
)
  
Book value per common share (9)
 
$
40.10

 
$
35.50

 
13.0

  
 
$
40.10

 
$
35.50

 
13.0

  
Other Statistics:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Average full-time equivalent employees
 
1,594

 
1,478

 
7.8

 
1,572

 
1,428

 
10.1

Period-end full-time equivalent employees
 
1,602

 
1,504

 
6.5

  
 
1,602

 
1,504

 
6.5

  
 
 
NM–Not meaningful
(1)
See "Non-GAAP Net Income and Non-GAAP Diluted Earnings Per Common Share” for a description and reconciliation of non-GAAP net income available to common stockholders and non-GAAP diluted earnings per share.
(2)
See “Results of Operations–Noninterest Income” for a description and reconciliation of non-GAAP noninterest income.
(3)
See “Results of Operations–Noninterest Expense” for a description and reconciliation of non-GAAP noninterest expense and non-GAAP operating efficiency ratio.
(4)
Ratio represents annualized consolidated net income available to common stockholders divided by quarterly average assets.
(5)
Ratio represents annualized consolidated net income available to common stockholders divided by quarterly average SVBFG stockholders’ equity.
(6)
Our risk-weighted assets at September 30, 2012 reflect a refinement in our determination of certain unfunded credit commitments related to the contractual borrowing base.
(7)
See “Capital Resources–Capital Ratios” for a reconciliation of non-GAAP tangible common equity to tangible assets and tangible common equity to risk-weighted assets.
(8)
The operating efficiency ratio is calculated by dividing total noninterest expense by total taxable-equivalent net interest income plus noninterest income.
(9)
Book value per common share is calculated by dividing total SVBFG stockholders’ equity by total outstanding common shares at period-end.
Non-GAAP Net Income and Non-GAAP Diluted Earnings Per Common Share
We use and report non-GAAP net income and non-GAAP diluted earnings per common share, which excludes gains from sales of certain available-for-sale securities and net gains from debt repurchases and termination of corresponding interest rate swaps, as well as gains from the sale of certain assets related to our equity management services business. We believe these non-GAAP financial measures, when taken together with the corresponding GAAP financial measures, provide meaningful supplemental information regarding our performance by excluding certain items that do not occur every reporting period. Our management uses, and believes that investors benefit from referring to, these non-GAAP financial measures in assessing our operating results and related trends, and when planning, forecasting and analyzing future periods. However, these non-GAAP financial measures should be considered in addition to, not as a substitute for or preferable to, financial measures prepared in

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Table of Contents

accordance with GAAP.
A reconciliation of GAAP to non-GAAP net income available to common stockholders and non-GAAP diluted earnings per common share for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011 is as follows:
 
 
Three months ended September 30,
 
Nine months ended September 30,
(Dollars in thousands, except per share data and ratios)
 
2012
 
2011
 
2012
 
2011
Net income available to common stockholders
 
$
42,289

 
$
37,571

 
$
124,682

 
$
136,328

Less: gains on sales of available-for-sale securities (1)
 

 

 
(4,955
)
 
(37,314
)
Tax impact of gains on sales of available-for-sale securities
 

 

 
1,974

 
14,810

Less: gains on the sale of certain assets related to our equity management services business (2)
 

 

 
(4,243
)
 

Tax impact of gains on the sale of certain assets related to our equity management services business
 

 

 
1,690

 

Less: net gain from note repurchases and termination of corresponding interest rate swaps (3)
 

 

 

 
(3,123
)
Tax impact of net gain from note repurchases and termination of corresponding interest rate swaps
 

 

 

 
1,240

Non-GAAP net income available to common stockholders
 
$
42,289

 
$
37,571

 
$
119,148

 
$
111,941

GAAP earnings per common share—diluted
 
0.94

 
0.86

 
2.79

 
3.12

Less: gains on sales of available-for-sale securities (1)
 

 

 
(0.11
)
 
(0.85
)
Tax impact of gains on sales of available-for-sale securities
 

 

 
0.05

 
0.34

Less: gains on the sale of certain assets related to our equity management services business (2)
 

 

 
(0.10
)
 

Tax impact of gains on the sale of certain assets related to our equity management services business
 

 

 
0.04

 

Less: net gain from note repurchases and termination of corresponding interest rate swaps (3)
 

 

 

 
(0.07
)
Tax impact of net gain from note repurchases and termination of corresponding interest rate swaps
 

 

 

 
0.03

Non-GAAP earnings per common share—diluted
 
0.94

 
0.86

 
2.67

 
2.57

Weighted average diluted common shares outstanding
 
44,914,564

 
43,791,238

 
44,692,224

 
43,641,185

 
 
 
(1)
Gains on the sales of $315.7 million and $1.4 billion in certain available-for-sale securities in the second quarters of 2012 and 2011, respectively.
(2)
Net gains of $4.2 million from the sale of certain assets related to our equity management services business in the second quarter of 2012.
(3)
Net gains of $3.1 million from the repurchase of $108.6 million of our 5.70% Senior Notes and $204.0 million of our 6.05% Subordinated Notes and the termination of the corresponding portions of interest rate swaps in the second quarter of 2011.
Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates
The accompanying management’s discussion and analysis of results of operations and financial condition is based upon our unaudited interim consolidated financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with GAAP. The preparation of these financial statements in accordance with GAAP requires management to make estimates and judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues, expenses and related disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities. Management evaluates estimates and assumptions on an ongoing basis. Management bases its estimates on historical experiences and various other factors and assumptions that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances. Actual results may differ materially from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions.
There have been no significant changes during the nine months ended September 30, 2012 to the items that we disclosed as our critical accounting policies and estimates in “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” under Part II, Item 7 of our 2011 Form 10-K.

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Table of Contents

Results of Operations
Net Interest Income and Margin (Fully Taxable Equivalent Basis)
Net interest income is defined as the difference between interest earned on loans, available-for-sale securities and short-term investment securities, and interest paid on funding sources. Net interest income is our principal source of revenue. Net interest margin is defined as the amount of annualized net interest income, on a fully taxable equivalent basis, expressed as a percentage of average interest-earning assets. Net interest income and net interest margin are presented on a fully taxable equivalent basis to consistently reflect income from taxable loans and securities and tax-exempt securities based on the federal statutory tax rate of 35.0 percent.
Analysis of Net Interest Income Changes Due to Volume and Rate (Fully Taxable Equivalent Basis)
Net interest income is affected by changes in the amount and mix of interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities, referred to as “volume change.” Net interest income is also affected by changes in yields earned on interest-earning assets and rates paid on interest-bearing liabilities, referred to as “rate change.” The following table sets forth changes in interest income for each major category of interest-earning assets and interest expense for each major category of interest-bearing liabilities. The table also reflects the amount of simultaneous changes attributable to both volume and rate changes for the years indicated. For this table, changes that are not solely due to either volume or rate are allocated in proportion to the percentage changes in average volume and average rate.
 
 
 
2012 Compared to 2011
 
2012 Compared to 2011
 
 
Three months ended September 30, increase (decrease) due to change in
 
Nine months ended September 30, increase (decrease) due to change in
(Dollars in thousands)
 
Volume
 
Rate
 
Total
 
Volume
 
Rate
 
Total
Interest income:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Federal Reserve deposits, federal funds sold, securities purchased under agreements to resell and other short-term investment securities
 
$
(273
)
 
$
23

 
$
(250
)
 
$
(2,279
)
 
$
382

 
$
(1,897
)
Available-for-sale securities (taxable)
 
3,656

 
(4,520
)
 
(864
)
 
17,718

 
(12,734
)
 
4,984

Available-for-sale securities (non-taxable)
 
(13
)
 
6

 
(7
)
 
(95
)
 
49

 
(46
)
Loans, net of unearned income
 
29,624

 
(9,871
)
 
19,753

 
81,439

 
(21,532
)
 
59,907

Increase (decrease) in interest income, net
 
32,994

 
(14,362
)
 
18,632

 
96,783

 
(33,835
)
 
62,948

Interest expense:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NOW deposits
 
10

 
25

 
35

 
57

 
(9
)
 
48

Money market deposits
 
98

 
(4
)
 
94

 
254

 
(1,228
)
 
(974
)
Money market deposits in foreign offices
 
3

 

 
3

 
(8
)
 
(160
)
 
(168
)
Time deposits
 
(66
)
 
(40
)
 
(106
)
 
(428
)
 
6

 
(422
)
Sweep deposits in foreign offices
 
1

 
(2
)
 
(1
)
 
(239
)
 
(789
)
 
(1,028
)
Total increase (decrease) in deposits expense
 
46

 
(21
)
 
25

 
(364
)
 
(2,180
)
 
(2,544
)
Short-term borrowings
 
1

 
11

 
12

 
100

 
10

 
110

5.375% Senior Notes
 
1

 
5

 
6

 
17

 
1

 
18

3.875% Convertible Notes
 

 

 

 
(4,210
)
 

 
(4,210
)
Junior Subordinated Debentures
 
(3
)
 
4

 
1

 
(7
)
 
6

 
(1
)
5.70% Senior Notes
 
(342
)
 

 
(342
)
 
(1,115
)
 
524

 
(591
)
6.05% Subordinated Notes
 
2

 
32

 
34

 
(715
)
 
(66
)
 
(781
)
Other long-term debt
 
(77
)
 

 
(77
)
 
(327
)
 
196

 
(131
)
Total (decrease) increase in borrowings expense
 
(418
)
 
52

 
(366
)
 
(6,257
)
 
671

 
(5,586
)
(Decrease) increase in interest expense, net
 
(372
)
 
31

 
(341
)
 
(6,621
)
 
(1,509
)
 
(8,130
)
Increase (decrease) in net interest income
 
$
33,366

 
$
(14,393
)
 
$
18,973

 
$
103,404

 
$
(32,326
)
 
$
71,078


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Table of Contents

Net Interest Income (Fully Taxable Equivalent Basis)
Three months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011
Net interest income increased by $19.0 million to $154.9 million for the three months ended September 30, 2012, compared to $135.9 million for the comparable 2011 period. Overall, we saw an increase in our net interest income primarily due to higher average loan balances and growth in our available-for-sale securities portfolio, which has increased as a result of our continued growth in deposits. These increases were partially offset by lower yields earned on our loans and available-for-sale securities.
The main factors affecting interest income and interest expense for the three months ended September 30, 2012, compared to the comparable 2011 period are discussed below:
Interest income for the three months ended September 30, 2012 increased by $18.6 million primarily due to:
A $19.8 million increase in interest income on loans, primarily due to an increase in average loan balances of $1.9 billion. This increase was partially offset by a decrease in the overall yield on our loan portfolio reflective of our success in growing our later stage client portfolio, which typically is benchmarked to three-month LIBOR and bears lower credit risk. Additionally, the trend in yields is being influenced by changes in the composition of our loan portfolio to a higher proportion of variable-rate loans benchmarked to the national Prime rate.
A $0.9 million decrease in interest income on available-for-sale securities, reflecting a $4.5 million decrease related to lower overall yields, partially offset by $3.6 million increase related to higher average balances. The decrease in yields came primarily from an increase of $7.9 million in premium amortization expense from $9.3 million to $17.2 million, reflective of an increase in actual and estimated mortgage prepayment levels due to a decrease in long-term market rates and growth in our mortgage securities balances. As of September 30, 2012, the remaining unamortized premium balance on our available-for-sale securities portfolio was $123.8 million. The decrease in yield from an increase in premium amortization expense was partially offset by higher coupon yields resulting from a shift in our portfolio to a smaller proportion of lower-yielding variable-rate securities. For the three months ended September 30, 2012, average variable-rate securities were $2.0 billion, or 19.2 percent of our available-for-sale securities portfolio, compared to $2.6 billion, or 27.4 percent for the comparable 2011 period. These securities have variable-rate coupons that are indexed to and change with movements in the one-month LIBOR rate.
Interest expense for the three months ended September 30, 2012 decreased by $0.3 million primarily due to:
A decrease in interest expense of $0.4 million related to our long-term debt, mainly attributable to a decrease of $0.3 million related to our 5.70% Senior Notes, which matured on June 1, 2012.
Nine months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011
Net interest income increased by $71.1 million to $458.8 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2012, compared to $387.7 million for the comparable 2011 period. Overall, we saw an increase in our net interest income primarily due to higher average loan balances and growth in our available-for-sale securities portfolio, which has increased as a result of our continued growth in deposits. These increases were partially offset by lower yields earned on our loans and available-for-sale securities.
The main factors affecting interest income and interest expense for the nine months ended September 30, 2012, compared to the comparable 2011 period are discussed below:
Interest income for the nine months ended September 30, 2012 increased by $62.9 million primarily due to:
A $59.9 million increase in interest income on loans, primarily due to an increase in average loan balances of $1.7 billion, as well as an increase of $7.5 million in loan prepayment fees. These increases were partially offset by a decrease in the overall yield on our loan portfolio reflective of our success in growing our later stage client portfolio, which typically is benchmarked to three-month LIBOR and bears lower credit risk. Additionally, the trend in yields is being influenced by changes in the composition of our loan portfolio to a higher proportion of variable-rate loans benchmarked to the national Prime rate.
A $4.9 million increase in interest income on available-for-sale securities, reflecting a $17.6 million increase related to higher average balances, offset by a $12.7 million decrease related to lower yields. The increase in average balances came primarily from new investments in fixed-rate mortgage securities in the latter part of 2011 and first and third quarters of 2012, which were purchased with excess cash as a result of our continued deposit growth. The decrease in yields came primarily from an increase of $24.3 million in premium amortization expense from $18.2 million to $42.5 million, reflective of an increase in actual and estimated mortgage prepayment levels due to a decrease in long-term market rates and growth in our

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Table of Contents

mortgage securities balances. The decrease in yield from an increase in premium amortization expense was partially offset by higher coupon yields resulting from a shift in our portfolio to a smaller proportion of lower-yielding variable-rate securities. For the nine months ended September 30, 2012, average variable-rate securities were $2.2 billion, or 20.6 percent of our available-for-sale securities portfolio, compared to $2.8 billion, or 29.9 percent for the comparable 2011 period. These securities have variable-rate coupons that are indexed to and change with movements in the one-month LIBOR rate.
Interest expense for the nine months ended September 30, 2012 decreased by $8.1 million primarily due to:
A decrease in interest expense of $5.7 million related to our long-term debt, primarily due to the maturity of $250.0 million of our 3.875% Convertible Notes in April 2011.
A decrease in interest expense from interest-bearing deposits of $2.5 million, primarily due to decreases in rates paid on deposits throughout 2011, which is reflective of market rates.
Net Interest Margin (Fully Taxable Equivalent Basis)
Our net interest margin remained stable at 3.12 percent for the three months ended September 30, 2012, compared to 3.13 percent for the comparable 2011 period. The main factors affecting our net interest margin for the three months ended September 30, 2012 were as follows:
A decrease in net interest margin from a decrease in the overall yield on our loan portfolio resulting from changes in loan composition, which is reflective of our ongoing strategy of growing our larger, later stage client portfolio that typically has lower credit risk and therefore lower relative yield.
A decrease in net interest margin from a decrease in overall yields on our available-for-sale securities portfolio, due to an increase in premium amortization expense.
An increase in net interest margin from an increase of $1.9 billion in average loan balances (higher-yielding assets).
Our net interest margin increased to 3.21 percent for the nine months ended September 30, 2012, compared to 3.07 percent for the comparable 2011 period. The increase in our net interest margin for the nine months ended September 30, 2012 was primarily due to growth in average loan balances and lower cash balances from deployment into available-for-sale securities, which has resulted in a favorable change in our mix of interest-earning assets. The increase was partially offset by a decrease in the overall yield of our loan portfolio and available-for-sale securities.
Average Balances, Yields and Rates Paid (Fully Taxable Equivalent Basis)
The average yield earned on interest-earning assets is the amount of annualized fully taxable equivalent interest income expressed as a percentage of average interest-earning assets. The average rate paid on funding sources is the amount of annualized interest expense expressed as a percentage of average funding sources. The following tables set forth average assets, liabilities, noncontrolling interests and SVBFG stockholders’ equity, interest income, interest expense, annualized yields and rates, and the composition of our annualized net interest margin for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011:

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Average Balances, Rates and Yields for the Three Months Ended September 30, 2012 and 2011
 
 
Three months ended September 30,
 
 
2012
 
2011
(Dollars in thousands)
 
Average
Balance
 
Interest
Income/
Expense
 
Yield/
Rate
 
Average
Balance
 
Interest
Income/
Expense
 
Yield/
Rate
Interest-earning assets:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Federal Reserve deposits, federal funds sold, securities purchased under agreements to resell and other short-term investment securities (1)
 
$
1,287,103

 
$
1,125

 
0.35
%
 
$
1,595,176

 
$
1,375

 
0.34
%
Available-for-sale securities: (2)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Taxable
 
10,478,071

 
38,493

 
1.46

 
9,528,645

 
39,357

 
1.64

Non-taxable (3)
 
91,654

 
1,375

 
5.97

 
92,268

 
1,382

 
5.94

Total loans, net of unearned income (4) (5)
 
7,907,606

 
121,446

 
6.11

 
6,006,614

 
101,693

 
6.72

Total interest-earning assets
 
19,764,434

 
162,439

 
3.27

 
17,222,703

 
143,807

 
3.31

Cash and due from banks
 
309,934

 
 
 
 
 
286,485

 
 
 
 
Allowance for loan losses
 
(102,506
)
 
 
 
 
 
(88,315
)
 
 
 
 
Other assets (6)
 
1,755,335

 
 
 
 
 
1,375,637

 
 
 
 
Total assets
 
$
21,727,197

 
 
 
 
 
$
18,796,510

 
 
 
 
Funding sources:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest-bearing liabilities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NOW deposits
 
$
105,302

 
$
88

 
0.33
%
 
$
89,549

 
$
53

 
0.23
%
Money market deposits
 
2,790,021

 
1,219

 
0.17

 
2,577,617

 
1,125

 
0.17

Money market deposits in foreign offices
 
118,002

 
29

 
0.10

 
104,605

 
26

 
0.10

Time deposits
 
157,585

 
130

 
0.33

 
229,430

 
236

 
0.41

Sweep deposits in foreign offices
 
2,174,737

 
274

 
0.05

 
2,168,078

 
275

 
0.05

Total interest-bearing deposits
 
5,345,647

 
1,740

 
0.13

 
5,169,279

 
1,715

 
0.13

Short-term borrowings
 
26,751

 
12

 
0.18

 
1,250

 

 

5.375% Senior Notes
 
347,910

 
4,818

 
5.51

 
347,712

 
4,812

 
5.49

Junior Subordinated Debentures
 
55,269

 
830

 
5.97

 
55,445

 
829

 
5.93

5.70% Senior Notes
 

 

 

 
146,816

 
342

 
0.92

6.05% Subordinated Notes
 
55,214

 
128

 
0.92

 
54,208

 
94

 
0.69

Other long-term debt
 

 

 

 
5,840

 
77

 
5.23

Total interest-bearing liabilities
 
5,830,791

 
7,528

 
0.51

 
5,780,550

 
7,869

 
0.54

Portion of noninterest-bearing funding sources
 
13,933,643

 
 
 
 
 
11,442,153

 
 
 
 
Total funding sources
 
19,764,434

 
7,528

 
0.15

 
17,222,703

 
7,869

 
0.18

Noninterest-bearing funding sources:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Demand deposits
 
12,914,697

 
 
 
 
 
10,634,757

 
 
 
 
Other liabilities
 
452,160

 
 
 
 
 
287,030

 
 
 
 
SVBFG stockholders’ equity
 
1,782,443

 
 
 
 
 
1,500,452

 
 
 
 
Noncontrolling interests
 
747,106

 
 
 
 
 
593,721

 
 
 
 
Portion used to fund interest-earning assets
 
(13,933,643
)
 
 
 
 
 
(11,442,153
)
 
 
 
 
Total liabilities, noncontrolling interest, and SVBFG stockholders’ equity
 
$
21,727,197

 
 
 
 
 
$
18,796,510

 
 
 
 
Net interest income and margin
 
 
 
$
154,911

 
3.12
%
 
 
 
$
135,938

 
3.13
%
Total deposits
 
$
18,260,344

 
 
 
 
 
$
15,804,036

 
 
 
 
Reconciliation to reported net interest income:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Adjustments for taxable equivalent basis
 
 
 
(481
)
 
 
 
 
 
(483
)
 
 
Net interest income, as reported
 
 
 
$
154,430

 
 
 
 
 
$
135,455

 
 
 
 
(1)
Includes average interest-earning deposits in other financial institutions of $211.0 million and $338.4 million for the three months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011, respectively. For the three months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011, balances also include $887.0 million and $975.1 million, respectively, deposited at the FRB, earning interest at the Federal Funds target rate.
(2)
Yields on available-for-sale securities are based on amortized cost, and therefore do not give effect to unrealized changes in fair value that are reflected in other comprehensive income.
(3)
Interest income on non-taxable available-for-sale securities is presented on a fully taxable-equivalent basis using the federal statutory income tax rate of 35.0 percent for all periods presented.
(4)
Nonaccrual loans are reflected in the average balances of loans.
(5)
Interest income includes loan fees of $19.0 million and $17.8 million for the three months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011, respectively.
(6)
Average investment securities of $1.4 billion and $1.0 billion for the three months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011, respectively, were classified as other assets as they were noninterest-earning assets. These investments primarily consisted of non-marketable securities.

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Average Balances, Rates and Yields for the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2012 and 2011
 
 
Nine months ended September 30,
 
 
2012
 
2011
(Dollars in thousands)
 
Average
Balance
 
Interest
Income/
Expense
 
Yield/
Rate
 
Average
Balance
 
Interest
Income/
Expense
 
Yield/
Rate
Interest-earning assets:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Federal Reserve deposits, federal funds sold, securities purchased under agreements to resell and other short-term investment securities (1)
 
$
1,115,192

 
$
3,075

 
0.37
%
 
$
1,951,625

 
$
4,972

 
0.34
%
Available-for-sale securities: (2)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Taxable
 
10,574,021

 
129,940

 
1.64

 
9,195,583

 
124,956

 
1.82

Non-taxable (3)
 
92,002

 
4,143

 
6.02

 
94,179

 
4,189

 
5.95

Total loans, net of unearned income (4) (5)
 
7,318,537

 
344,842

 
6.29

 
5,619,709

 
284,935

 
6.78

Total interest-earning assets
 
19,099,752

 
482,000

 
3.37

 
16,861,096

 
419,052

 
3.32

Cash and due from banks
 
301,507

 
 
 
 
 
275,617

 
 
 
 
Allowance for loan losses
 
(100,795
)
 
 
 
 
 
(87,616
)
 
 
 
 
Other assets (5)
 
1,652,577

 
 
 
 
 
1,287,751

 
 
 
 
Total assets
 
$
20,953,041

 
 
 
 
 
$
18,336,848

 
 
 
 
Funding sources:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest-bearing liabilities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NOW deposits
 
$
102,502

 
$
246

 
0.32
%
 
$
79,112

 
$
198

 
0.33
%
Money market deposits
 
2,646,272

 
3,212

 
0.16

 
2,486,211

 
4,186

 
0.23

Money market deposits in foreign offices
 
130,257

 
96

 
0.10

 
134,216

 
264

 
0.26

Time deposits
 
156,321

 
491

 
0.42

 
292,710

 
913

 
0.42

Sweep deposits in foreign offices
 
2,108,404

 
790

 
0.05

 
2,475,263

 
1,818

 
0.10

Total interest-bearing deposits
 
5,143,756

 
4,835

 
0.13

 
5,467,512

 
7,379

 
0.18

Short-term borrowings
 
91,772

 
135

 
0.20

 
22,287

 
25

 
0.15

5.375% Senior Notes
 
347,860

 
14,449

 
5.55

 
347,665

 
14,431

 
5.55

3.875% Convertible Notes
 

 

 

 
95,071

 
4,210

 
5.92

Junior Subordinated Debentures
 
55,313

 
2,493

 
6.02

 
55,489

 
2,494

 
6.01

5.70% Senior Notes
 
79,312

 
863

 
1.45

 
199,734

 
1,454

 
0.97

6.05% Subordinated Notes
 
55,122

 
382

 
0.93

 
157,789

 
1,163

 
0.99

Other long-term debt
 
642

 
92

 
19.14

 
5,580

 
223

 
5.34

Total interest-bearing liabilities
 
5,773,777

 
23,249

 
0.54

 
6,351,127

 
31,379

 
0.66

Portion of noninterest-bearing funding sources
 
13,325,975

 
 
 
 
 
10,509,969

 
 
 
 
Total funding sources
 
19,099,752

 
23,249

 
0.16

 
16,861,096

 
31,379

 
0.25

Noninterest-bearing funding sources:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Demand deposits
 
12,403,438

 
 
 
 
 
9,783,426

 
 
 
 
Other liabilities
 
355,571

 
 
 
 
 
254,033

 
 
 
 
SVBFG stockholders’ equity
 
1,704,957

 
 
 
 
 
1,407,231

 
 
 
 
Noncontrolling interests
 
715,298

 
 
 
 
 
541,031

 
 
 
 
Portion used to fund interest-earning assets
 
(13,325,975
)
 
 
 
 
 
(10,509,969
)
 
 
 
 
Total liabilities, noncontrolling interest, and SVBFG stockholders’ equity
 
$
20,953,041

 
 
 
 
 
$
18,336,848

 
 
 
 
Net interest income and margin
 
 
 
$
458,751

 
3.21
%
 
 
 
$
387,673

 
3.07
%
Total deposits
 
$
17,547,194

 
 
 
 
 
$
15,250,938

 
 
 
 
Reconciliation to reported net interest income:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Adjustments for taxable equivalent basis
 
 
 
(1,450
)
 
 
 
 
 
(1,466
)
 
 
Net interest income, as reported
 
 
 
$
457,301

 
 
 
 
 
$
386,207

 
 
 
 
(1)
Includes average interest-earning deposits in other financial institutions of $277.1 million and $293.0 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011, respectively. For the nine months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011, balances also include $626.3 million and $1.4 billion, respectively, deposited at the FRB, earning interest at the Federal Funds target rate.
(2)
Yields on available-for-sale securities are based on amortized cost, and therefore do not give effect to unrealized changes in fair value that are reflected in other comprehensive income.
(3)
Interest income on non-taxable available-for-sale securities is presented on a fully taxable-equivalent basis using the federal statutory income tax rate of 35.0 percent for all periods presented.
(4)
Nonaccrual loans are reflected in the average balances of loans.
(5)
Interest income includes loan fees of $56.6 million and $48.3 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011, respectively.
(6)
Average investment securities of$1.3 billion and $899.6 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011, respectively, were classified as other assets as they were noninterest-earning assets. These investments primarily consisted of non-marketable securities.

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Provision for (Reduction of) Loan Losses
Our provision for (reduction of) loan losses is based on our evaluation of the existing allowance for loan losses in relation to total gross loans using historical and other objective information, and on our qualitative assessment of the inherent and identified credit risks of the loan portfolio. The following table summarizes our allowance for loan losses for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011:
 
 
Three months ended September 30,
 
Nine months ended September 30,
(Dollars in thousands)
 
2012
 
2011
 
2012
 
2011
Allowance for loan losses, beginning balance
 
$
98,166

 
$
82,155

 
$
89,947

 
$
82,627

Provision for (reduction of) loan losses
 
6,788

 
769

 
29,316

 
(2,144
)
Gross loan charge-offs
 
(4,637
)
 
(8,248
)
 
(25,757
)
 
(16,863
)
Loan recoveries
 
1,207

 
10,570

 
8,018

 
21,626

Allowance for loan losses, ending balance
 
$
101,524

 
$
85,246

 
$
101,524

 
$
85,246

Provision for (reduction of) loan losses as a percentage of total gross loans (annualized)
 
0.33
%
 
0.05
 %
 
0.47
%
 
(0.04
)%
Gross loan charge-offs as a percentage of average total gross loans (annualized)
 
0.23

 
0.54

 
0.47

 
0.40

Net loan charge-offs (recoveries) as a percentage of average total gross loans (annualized)
 
0.17

 
(0.15
)
 
0.32

 
(0.11
)
Allowance for loan losses as a percentage of period-end total gross loans
 
1.23

 
1.34

 
1.23

 
1.34

Period-end total gross loans
 
$
8,266,168

 
$
6,382,235

 
$
8,266,168

 
$
6,382,235

Average total gross loans
 
7,976,257

 
6,057,937

 
7,380,458

 
5,666,939

We had a provision for loan losses of $6.8 million for the three months ended September 30, 2012, compared to a provision of $0.8 million for the comparable 2011 period. The provision of $6.8 million in the third quarter of 2012 was primarily attributable to loan growth and net charge-offs of $3.4 million. Gross loan charge-offs of $4.6 million for the three months ended September 30, 2012 were primarily from our life science and hardware client portfolios.
We had a provision for loan losses of $29.3 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2012, compared to a reduction of provision of $2.1 million for the comparable 2011 period. The provision of $29.3 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2012 was primarily due to net charge-offs of $17.7 million and loan growth. Gross loan charge-offs of $25.8 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2012 were primarily from our hardware client portfolio. Loan recoveries of $8.0 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2012 were primarily from our software client portfolio.
See “Consolidated Financial Condition—Credit Quality and Allowance for Loan Losses” below and Note 6—“Loans and Allowance for Loan Losses” of the “Notes to Interim Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)” under Part I, Item 1 of this report for further details on our allowance for loan losses.

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Table of Contents

Noninterest Income
A summary of noninterest income for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011 is as follows:
 
 
Three months ended September 30,
 
Nine months ended September 30,
(Dollars in thousands)
 
2012
 
2011
 
% Change
 
2012
 
2011
 
% Change
Core fee income:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Foreign exchange fees
 
$
12,211

 
$
11,546

 
5.8
 %
 
$
36,345

 
$
32,397

 
12.2
 %
Deposit service charges
 
8,369

 
8,259

 
1.3

 
24,834

 
23,214

 
7.0

Credit card fees
 
6,348

 
4,506

 
40.9

 
18,185

 
12,687

 
43.3

Letters of credit and standby letters of credit income
 
3,495

 
3,040

 
15.0

 
10,427

 
8,452

 
23.4

Client investment fees
 
3,954

 
2,939

 
34.5

 
10,226

 
9,707

 
5.3

Total core fee income (1)
 
34,377

 
30,290

 
13.5

 
100,017

 
86,457

 
15.7

Gains on investment securities, net
 
20,228

 
52,262

 
(61.3
)
 
53,876

 
175,279

 
(69.3
)
Gains on derivative instruments, net
 
1,111

 
9,951

 
(88.8
)
 
15,800

 
24,153

 
(34.6
)
Other
 
13,423

 
3,108

 
NM

 
39,165

 
23,384

 
67.5

Total noninterest income
 
$
69,139

 
$
95,611

 
(27.7
)
 
$
208,858

 
$
309,273

 
(32.5
)
 
 
 NM—Not meaningful
(1)
The following table provides a reconciliation GAAP noninterest income to non-GAAP core fee income:
 
 
Three months ended September 30,
 
Nine months ended September 30,
(Dollars in thousands)
 
2012
 
2011
 
% Change
 
2012
 
2011
 
% Change
GAAP noninterest income (as reported)
 
$
69,139

 
$
95,611

 
(27.7
)%
 
$
208,858

 
$
309,273

 
(32.5
)%
Less: gains on investment securities, net
 
20,228

 
52,262

 
(61.3
)
 
53,876

 
175,279

 
(69.3
)
Less: gains on derivative instruments, net
 
1,111

 
9,951

 
(88.8
)
 
15,800

 
24,153

 
(34.6
)
Less: other noninterest income
 
13,423

 
3,108

 
NM

 
39,165

 
23,384

 
67.5

Non-GAAP core fee income
 
$
34,377

 
$
30,290

 
13.5

 
$
100,017

 
$
86,457

 
15.7

 
 
 
 NM—Not meaningful
Included in net income is income and expense attributable to noncontrolling interests. We recognize, as part of our investment funds management business through SVB Capital and Debt Fund Investments, the entire income or loss from funds where we own significantly less than 100% of the investment. We are required under GAAP to consolidate 100% of the results of entities that we are deemed to control, even though we may own less than 100% of such entities. The relevant amounts attributable to investors other than us are reflected under “Net Income Attributable to Noncontrolling Interests” on our statements of income. The non-GAAP tables presented below, for noninterest income and net gains on investment securities, all exclude noncontrolling interests. We believe these non-GAAP financial measures, when taken together with the corresponding GAAP financial measures, provide meaningful supplemental information regarding our performance by excluding certain items that represent income attributable to investors other than us and our subsidiaries. Our management uses, and believes that investors benefit from referring to, these non-GAAP financial measures in assessing our operating results and when planning, forecasting and analyzing future periods. However, these non-GAAP financial measures should be considered in addition to, not as a substitute for or preferable to, financial measures prepared in accordance with GAAP.

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Table of Contents

The following table provides a summary of non-GAAP noninterest income, net of noncontrolling interests:
 
 
Three months ended September 30,
 
Nine months ended September 30,
Non-GAAP noninterest income, net of  noncontrolling interests (Dollars in thousands)
 
2012
 
2011
 
% Change  
 
2012
 
2011
 
% Change  
GAAP noninterest income (as reported)
 
$
69,139

 
$
95,611

 
(27.7
)%
 
$
208,858

 
$
309,273

 
(32.5
)%
Less: income attributable to noncontrolling interests, including carried interest
 
13,524

 
41,239

 
(67.2
)
 
34,826

 
111,359

 
(68.7
)
Non-GAAP noninterest income, net of noncontrolling interests
 
55,615

 
54,372

 
2.3

 
174,032


197,914

 
(12.1
)
Less: gains on sales of certain available-for-sale securities
 

 

 

 
4,955

 
37,314

 
(86.7
)
Less: net gains on the sale of certain assets related to our equity management services business
 

 

 

 
4,243

 

 

Non-GAAP noninterest income, net of noncontrolling interests and excluding gains on sales of certain assets
 
$
55,615

 
$
54,372

 
2.3

 
$
164,834

 
$
160,600

 
2.6

Foreign Exchange Fees
Foreign exchange fees were $12.2 million and $36.3 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2012, respectively, compared to $11.5 million and $32.4 million for the comparable 2011 periods. The increases were primarily due to improved business conditions for our clients and increased volatility in foreign markets, which has resulted in an improvement in our spread as well as a higher number of trades.
Credit Card Fees
Credit card fees were $6.3 million and $18.2 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2012, compared to $4.5 million and $12.7 million for the comparable 2011 periods. The increases were primarily due to new credit card clients and an increase in client activity.
Client Investment Fees
Client investment fees were $4.0 million and $10.2 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2012, compared to $2.9 million and $9.7 million for the comparable 2011 periods. The increases were primarily due to an increase in average client investment funds due to our clients’ increased utilization of our off-balance sheet sweep money market funds. The following table summarizes average client investment funds for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011:
 
 
Three months ended September 30,
 
Nine months ended September 30,
(Dollars in millions)
 
2012
 
2011
 
% Change
 
2012
 
2011
 
% Change
Client directed investment assets (1)
 
$
7,528

 
$
8,063

 
(6.6
)%
 
7,406

 
8,845

 
(16.3
)%
Client investment assets under management
 
10,283

 
9,541

 
7.8

 
10,247

 
8,519

 
20.3

Sweep money market funds
 
3,118

 
312

 
NM

 
2,239

 
132

 
NM

Total average client investment funds (2)
 
$
20,929

 
$
17,916

 
16.8

 
19,892

 
17,496

 
13.7

 
 
 
 NM—Not meaningful
(1)
Comprised of mutual funds and Repurchase Agreement Program assets.
(2)
Client investment funds are maintained at third party financial institutions and are not recorded on our balance sheet.

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Table of Contents

The following table summarizes period-end client investment funds at September 30, 2012 and December 31, 2011:
(Dollars in millions)
 
September 30, 2012
 
December 31, 2011
 
% Change
Client directed investment assets
 
7,363

 
7,709

 
(4.5
)%
Client investment assets under management
 
10,291

 
9,919

 
3.8

Sweep money market funds
 
3,404

 
1,116

 
NM

Total period-end client investment funds
 
21,058

 
18,744

 
12.3

 
 
 
 NM—Not meaningful
Gains on Investment Securities, Net
Net gains on investment securities include both gains from our non-marketable and marketable securities, as well as gains from sales of our available-for-sale securities portfolio, when applicable.
Our available-for-sale securities portfolio is managed to optimize portfolio yield over the long-term in a manner consistent with our liquidity, credit diversification, and asset/liability strategies. Though infrequent, the sale of investments from our available-for-sale portfolio results in net gains or losses on investment securities.
We experience variability in the performance of our non-marketable and marketable investments from quarter to quarter, which results in net gains or losses on investment securities. This variability is due to a number of factors, including changes in the values of our investments, changes in the amount of distributions or liquidity events and general economic and market conditions. Such variability may lead to volatility in the gains from investment securities and as such our results for a particular period are not necessarily indicative of our expected performance in a future period.
For the three months ended September 30, 2012, we had net gains on investment securities of $20.2 million, compared to net gains of $52.3 million for the comparable 2011 period. Gains on investment securities, net of noncontrolling interests, were $7.5 million for the three months ended September 30, 2012, compared to $9.3 million for the comparable 2011 period. The gains, net of noncontrolling interests, of $7.5 million for the three months ended September 30, 2012 were primarily driven by the following:
Gains of $5.4 million from our investments in debt funds, driven primarily by IPO and M&A activity and other valuation adjustments on investments within the funds.
Gains of $1.4 million from the sale of certain private company shares, which were included as part of "Strategic and Other Investments".
For the nine months ended September 30, 2012, we had net gains on investment securities of $53.9 million, compared to net gains of $175.3 million for the comparable 2011 period. Gains on investment securities, net of noncontrolling interests, were $19.3 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2012, compared to $62.5 million for the comparable 2011 period. The gains, net of noncontrolling interests, of $19.3 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2012 were primarily driven by the following:
Gains of $8.8 million from our investments in debt funds, driven primarily by IPO and M&A activity and other valuation adjustments on investments within the funds.
Gains of $5.0 million from the sale of $315.7 million U.S. agency securities in the second quarter of 2012 that were held in our available-for-sale securities portfolio.
Gains of $4.1 million from our strategic and other investments, primarily from gains on the sales of certain private company shares and unrealized gains from certain fund investments.

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Table of Contents

The following tables provide a summary of non-GAAP net gains on investment securities, net of noncontrolling interests, for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011:
(Dollars in thousands)
 
Managed
Funds of
Funds
 
Managed
Direct
Venture
Funds
 
Debt
Funds
 
Available-
For-Sale
Securities
 
Strategic
and Other
Investments
 
Total
Three months ended September 30, 2012
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total gains (losses) on investment securities, net
 
$
12,139

 
$
2,034

 
$
5,439

 
$
(101
)
 
$
717

 
$
20,228

Less: income (losses) attributable to noncontrolling interests, including carried interest
 
11,351

 
1,427

 
(2
)
 

 

 
12,776

Non-GAAP net gains (losses) on investment securities, net of noncontrolling interests
 
$
788

 
$
607

 
$
5,441

 
$
(101
)
 
$
717

 
$
7,452

Three months ended September 30, 2011
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total gains on investment securities, net
 
$
32,264

 
$
17,517

 
$
1,422

 
$
5

 
$
1,054

 
$
52,262

Less: income (losses) attributable to noncontrolling interests, including carried interest
 
28,765

 
14,222

 
(26
)
 

 

 
42,961

Non-GAAP net gains on investment securities, net of noncontrolling interests
 
$
3,499

 
$
3,295

 
$
1,448

 
$
5

 
$
1,054

 
$
9,301

Nine months ended September 30, 2012
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total gains (losses) on investment securities, net
 
$
38,908

 
$
(1,589
)
 
$
8,823

 
$
3,592

 
$
4,142

 
$
53,876

Less: income (losses) attributable to noncontrolling interests, including carried interest
 
35,919

 
(1,331
)
 
28

 

 

 
34,616

Non-GAAP net gains (losses) on investment securities, net of noncontrolling interests
 
2,989

 
(258
)
 
8,795

 
3,592

 
4,142

 
19,260

Less: gain on sales of available-for-sale securities
 

 

 

 
4,955

 

 
4,955

Non-GAAP net gains (losses) on investment securities, net of noncontrolling interests and excluding gains on sales of certain available-for-sale securities
 
$
2,989

 
$
(258
)
 
$
8,795

 
$
(1,363
)
 
$
4,142

 
$
14,305

Nine months ended September 30, 2011
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total gains on investment securities, net
 
$
107,640

 
$
19,623

 
$
4,524

 
$
37,288

 
$
6,204

 
$
175,279

Less: income attributable to noncontrolling interests, including carried interest
 
95,727

 
17,042

 
14

 

 

 
112,783

Non-GAAP net gains (losses) on investment securities, net of noncontrolling interests
 
11,913

 
2,581

 
4,510

 
37,288

 
6,204

 
62,496

Less: gain on sales of available-for-sale securities
 

 

 

 
37,314

 

 
37,314

Non-GAAP net gains (losses) on investment securities, net of noncontrolling interests and excluding gains on sales of certain available-for-sale securities
 
$
11,913

 
$
2,581


$
4,510

 
$
(26
)
 
$
6,204

 
$
25,182


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Gains on Derivative Instruments, Net
A summary of gains on derivative instruments, net, for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011 is as follows:
  
 
Three months ended September 30,
 
Nine months ended September 30,
(Dollars in thousands)
 
2012
 
2011
 
% Change
 
2012
 
2011
 
% Change
Equity warrant assets (1)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Gains on exercises, net
 
$
2,417

 
$
2,372

 
1.9
 %
 
$
7,577

 
$
11,977

 
(36.7
)%
Cancellations and expirations
 
(252
)
 
(386
)
 
(34.7
)
 
(1,424
)
 
(1,690
)
 
(15.7
)
Changes in fair value
 
(1,618
)
 
3,532

 
(145.8
)
 
6,205

 
13,088

 
(52.6
)
Net gains on equity warrant assets (2)
 
547

 
5,518

 
(90.1
)
 
12,358

 
23,375

 
(47.1
)
Gains on foreign exchange forward contracts, net:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Gains on client foreign exchange forward contracts, net
 
607

 
658

 
(7.8
)
 
3,002

 
1,448

 
107.3

Gains on internal foreign exchange forward contracts, net (3)
 
220

 
3,591

 
(93.9
)
 
1,162

 
540

 
115.2

Total gains on foreign exchange forward contracts, net
 
827

 
4,249

 
(80.5
)
 
4,164

 
1,988

 
109.5

Change in fair value of interest rate swaps
 
74

 
(400
)
 
(118.5
)
 
571

 
(467
)
 
NM

Net (losses) gains on other derivatives (4)
 
(337
)
 
584

 
(157.7
)
 
(1,293
)
 
(743
)
 
74.0

Gains on derivative instruments, net
 
$
1,111

 
$
9,951

 
(88.8
)
 
$
15,800

 
$
24,153

 
(34.6
)
 
 
 
 NM—Not meaningful
(1)
At September 30, 2012, we held warrants in 1,248 companies, compared to 1,151 companies at September 30, 2011.
(2)
Net gains on equity warrant assets are included in the line item “Gains on derivative instruments, net” as part of noninterest income.
(3)
Represents the change in the fair value of foreign exchange forward contracts used to economically reduce our foreign exchange exposure related to certain foreign currency denominated loans.
(4)
Primarily represents the change in fair value of loan conversion options held by SVB Financial. As of September 30, 2012, the loan conversion options related to five clients.
Net gains on derivative instruments were $1.1 million for the three months ended September 30, 2012, compared to net gains of $10.0 million for the comparable 2011 period. The key changes in factors affecting net gains on derivative instruments were as follows:
Net gains on equity warrant assets of $0.5 million for the three months ended September 30, 2012, compared to net gains of $5.5 million for the comparable 2011 period. The net gains of $0.5 million for the three months ended September 30, 2012 included the following:
Gains of $2.4 million from the exercise of equity warrant assets.
Losses of $1.6 million from changes in fair value, which were the net result of valuation decreases of $3.4 million driven by increases in the marketability discount and remaining life assumptions to reflect market conditions, offset by net gains of $1.8 million from increases in individual warrant valuations.
Net gains of $0.2 million on foreign exchange forward contracts hedging certain of our foreign currency denominated loans for the three months ended September 30, 2012, compared to net gains of $3.6 million for the comparable 2011 period. The net gains of $3.6 million for the three months ended September 30, 2011 were primarily due to the strengthening of the U.S. Dollar against the Euro and Pound Sterling, and were partially offset by net losses of $3.8 million from the revaluation of foreign currency denominated loans that are included in the line item "Other" as part of noninterest income.
Net gains on derivative instruments were $15.8 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2012, compared to net gains of $24.2 million for the comparable 2011 period. The key changes in factors affecting net gains on derivative were as follows:
Net gains on equity warrant assets of $12.4 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2012, compared to net gains of $23.4 million for the comparable 2011 period. The net gains of $12.4 million for the nine months ended

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September 30, 2012 were driven by gains of $17.2 million from the exercise of equity warrant assets and valuation increases driven by IPO and M&A activity, partially offset by valuation decreases of $3.4 million in the third quarter of 2012 which were driven by changes in the marketability discount and remaining life assumptions to reflect market conditions.
Other Noninterest Income
A summary of other noninterest income for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011, respectively, is as follows:
 
 
Three months ended September 30,
 
Nine months ended September 30,
(Dollars in thousands)
 
2012
 
2011
 
% Change
 
2012
 
2011
 
% Change
Unused commitment fees
 
$
2,579

 
$
1,900

 
35.7
 %
 
$
9,312

 
$
5,194

 
79.3
 %
Fund management fees
 
2,496

 
2,671

 
(6.6
)
 
8,448

 
8,022

 
5.3

Service-based fee income (1)
 
1,651

 
2,339

 
(29.4
)
 
6,197

 
7,151

 
(13.3
)
Net gains on the sale of certain assets related to our equity management services business
 

 

 

 
4,243

 

 

Loan syndication fees
 
1,353

 
50

 
NM

 
2,853

 
920

 
NM

Gains (losses) on revaluation of foreign currency instruments (2)
 
1,578

 
(3,931
)
 
(140.1
)
 
96

 
(733
)
 
(113.1
)
Currency revaluation gains (losses) (3)
 
845

 
(1,551
)
 
(154.5
)
 
(88
)
 
(2,672
)
 
(96.7
)
Other
 
2,921

 
1,630

 
79.2

 
8,104

 
5,502

 
47.3

Total other noninterest income
 
$
13,423

 
$
3,108

 
NM

 
$
39,165

 
$
23,384

 
67.5

 
 
NM—Not meaningful
(1)
Includes income from SVB Analytics.
(2)
Represents the revaluation of foreign currency denominated financial instruments issued and held by us, primarily loans, deposits and cash
(3)
Represents the revaluation of foreign currency denominated financial statements of certain funds. Included in these amounts are gains of $0.8 million and losses of $3 thousand for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2012, respectively, attributable to noncontrolling interests calculated based on the ownership percentages of the noncontrolling interests. This compares to losses of $1.7 million and $1.6 million for the comparable 2011 periods.
Other noninterest income was $13.4 million and $39.2 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2012, compared to $3.1 million and $23.4 million for the comparable 2011 periods. The increase of $10.3 million for the three month period was due to the following:
Gains on the revaluation of foreign currency instruments of $1.6 million for the three months ended September 30, 2012, compared to net losses of $3.9 million for the comparable 2011 period. The revaluation gains were primarily due to the weakening of the U.S. Dollar against the Euro and Pound Sterling.
Currency revaluation gains of $0.8 million for the three months ended September 30, 2012, compared to net losses $1.6 million for the comparable 2011 period. The revaluation gains primarily due to the weakening of the U.S. Dollar against the Rupee.
A $1.3 million increase in loan syndication fee income due to an increase in the volume of loan syndication deals
The increase in other noninterest income of $15.8 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2012 was due to the following:
Gains of $4.2 million on the sale of certain assets related to our equity management services business in the second quarter of 2012.
A $4.1 million increase in unused commitment fees, primarily resulting from the prospective reclassification of certain fees from interest income to noninterest income. The comparable amount of these fees included in interest income for the nine months ended September 30, 2011 was $3.0 million.
Currency revaluation losses of $0.1 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2012, compared to net losses of $2.7 million for the comparable 2011 period. The net losses of $0.1 million for the nine months ended September 30,

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2012 were primarily due to the strengthening of the U.S. Dollar against the Rupee.
Noninterest Expense
A summary of noninterest expense for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011 is as follows:
 
 
Three months ended September 30,
 
Nine months ended September 30,
(Dollars in thousands)
 
2012
 
2011
 
% Change
 
2012
 
2011
 
% Change
Compensation and benefits
 
$
79,262

 
$
77,009

 
2.9
 %
 
$
243,384

 
$
232,529

 
4.7
 %
Professional services
 
17,759

 
16,122

 
10.2

 
48,880

 
43,000

 
13.7

Premises and equipment
 
11,247

 
7,220

 
55.8

 
28,230

 
19,572

 
44.2

Business development and travel
 
6,838

 
5,886

 
16.2

 
21,743

 
17,429

 
24.8

Net occupancy
 
5,666

 
4,967

 
14.1

 
16,667

 
14,163

 
17.7

Correspondent bank fees
 
3,000

 
2,336

 
28.4

 
8,528

 
6,701

 
27.3

FDIC assessments
 
2,836

 
2,302

 
23.2

 
8,065

 
7,940

 
1.6

Provision for unfunded credit commitments
 
(400
)
 
2,055

 
(119.5
)
 
1,264

 
2,131

 
(40.7
)
Other
 
8,963

 
9,554

 
(6.2
)
 
26,188

 
22,453

 
16.6

Total noninterest expense
 
$
135,171

 
$
127,451

 
6.1

 
$
402,949

 
$
365,918

 
10.1

Included in noninterest expense is expense attributable to noncontrolling interests. See below for a summary of non-GAAP noninterest expense and non-GAAP operating efficiency ratio, both of which exclude noncontrolling interests.
Non-GAAP Noninterest Expense
We use and report non-GAAP noninterest expense, non-GAAP taxable equivalent revenue and non-GAAP operating efficiency ratio, which excludes noncontrolling interests. We believe these non-GAAP financial measures, when taken together with the corresponding GAAP financial measures, provide meaningful supplemental information regarding our performance by: (i) excluding certain items that represent expenses attributable to investors other than us and our subsidiaries, or certain items that do not occur every reporting period; or (ii) providing additional information used by management that is not otherwise required by GAAP or other applicable requirements. Our management uses, and believes that investors benefit from referring to, these non-GAAP financial measures in assessing our operating results and when planning, forecasting and analyzing future periods. However, these non-GAAP financial measures should be considered in addition to, not as a substitute for or preferable to, financial measures prepared in accordance with GAAP. The table below provides a summary of non-GAAP noninterest expense and non-GAAP operating efficiency ratio, both net of noncontrolling interests:
 
 
Three months ended September 30,
 
Nine months ended September 30,
Non-GAAP operating efficiency ratio, net of noncontrolling interests (Dollars in thousands, except ratios)
 
2012
 
2011
 
% Change 
 
2012
 
2011
 
% Change 
GAAP noninterest expense
 
$
135,171

 
$
127,451

 
6.1
 %
 
$
402,949

 
$
365,918

 
10.1
 %
Less: amounts attributable to noncontrolling interests
 
2,723

 
2,766

 
(1.6
)
 
9,488

 
8,868

 
7.0

Less: net gain from note repurchases and termination of corresponding interest rate swaps
 

 

 

 

 
(3,123
)
 
(100.0
)
Non-GAAP noninterest expense, net of noncontrolling interests
 
$
132,448

 
$
124,685

 
6.2

 
$
393,461


$
360,173

 
9.2

GAAP taxable equivalent net interest income
 
$
154,911

 
$
135,938

 
14.0

 
$
458,751

 
$
387,673

 
18.3

Less: income attributable to noncontrolling interests
 
50

 
32

 
56.3

 
131

 
84

 
56.0

Non-GAAP taxable equivalent net interest income, net of noncontrolling interests
 
154,861

 
135,906

 
13.9

 
458,620

 
387,589

 
18.3

Non-GAAP noninterest income, net of noncontrolling interests
 
55,615

 
54,372

 
2.3

 
164,834

 
160,600

 
2.6

Non-GAAP taxable equivalent revenue, net of noncontrolling interests
 
$
210,476

 
$
190,278

 
10.6

 
$
623,454

 
$
548,189

 
13.7

Non-GAAP operating efficiency ratio (1)
 
62.93
%
 
65.53
%
 
(4.0
)
 
63.11
%
 
65.70
%
 
(3.9
)
 

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(1)
The non-GAAP operating efficiency ratio is calculated by dividing non-GAAP noninterest expense by non-GAAP total taxable-equivalent income.
Compensation and Benefits Expense
The following table provides a summary of our compensation and benefits expense:
 
 
Three months ended September 30,
 
Nine months ended September 30,
(Dollars in thousands)
 
2012
 
2011
 
% Change  
 
2012
 
2011
 
% Change  
Compensation and benefits
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Salaries and wages
 
$
37,769

 
$
33,342

 
13.3
 %
 
$
113,391

 
$
99,783

 
13.6
 %
Incentive compensation & ESOP
 
20,185

 
23,907

 
(15.6
)
 
62,170

 
71,894

 
(13.5
)
Other employee benefits (1)
 
21,308

 
19,760

 
7.8

 
67,823

 
60,852

 
11.5

Total compensation and benefits
 
$
79,262

 
$
77,009

 
2.9

 
$
243,384

 
$
232,529

 
4.7

Period-end full-time equivalent employees
 
1,602

 
1,504

 
6.5

 
1,602

 
1,504

 
6.5

Average full-time equivalent employees
 
1,594

 
1,478

 
7.8

 
1,572

 
1,428

 
10.1

 
 
(1)
Other employee benefits includes employer payroll taxes, group health and life insurance, share-based compensation, 401(k), warrant and retention plans, agency fees and other employee related expenses.
Compensation and benefits expense was $79.3 million for the three months ended September 30, 2012, compared to $77.0 million for the comparable 2011 period. The key changes in factors affecting compensation and benefits expense were as follows:
An increase of $4.4 million in salaries and wages expense, primarily due to an increase in the number of average FTEs, which increased by 116 to 1,594 average FTEs in the third quarter of 2012, compared to 1,478 average FTE for the comparable 2011 period. The increase in headcount was primarily to support our product development, operational and sales and advisory, as well as to support our commercial banking operations and initiatives.
A decrease of $3.7 million in incentive compensation and ESOP expense primarily reflective of higher expenses in the third quarter of 2011 as a result of better than expected results for that period.
Compensation and benefits expense was $243.4 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2012, compared to $232.5 million for the comparable 2011 period. The key changes in factors affecting compensation and benefits expense were as follows:
An increase of $13.6 million in salaries and wages expense, primarily due to an increase in the number of average FTEs, which increased by 144 to 1,572 average FTEs in the nine months ended September 30, 2012, compared to 1,428 average FTEs for the comparable 2011 period. The increase in headcount was primarily to support our product development, operational and sales and advisory, as well as to support our commercial banking operations and initiatives.
An increase of $7.0 million in other employee benefits, primarily due to an increase in average FTEs, as well as an increase in 401(k) expenses driven by 2011 incentive compensation payouts during the first quarter of 2012, which were at higher levels than 2010 incentive compensation payouts in the first quarter of 2011.
A decrease of $9.7 million in incentive compensation and ESOP expense primarily reflective of higher expenses in the first nine months of 2011 as a result of better than expected results for that period.
Our variable compensation plans primarily consist of our Incentive Compensation Plan, Direct Drive Incentive Compensation Plan, Long-Term Cash Incentive Plan, 401(k) and ESOP Plan, Retention Program and Warrant Incentive Plan. Total costs incurred under these plans were $22.3 million and $73.9 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2012, respectively, compared to $26.5 million and $82.4 million for the comparable 2011 periods. These amounts are included in total compensation and benefits expense discussed above.
Professional Services
Professional services expense was $17.8 million and $48.9 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2012, respectively, compared to $16.1 million and $43.0 million for the comparable 2011 periods. The increases were to support our ongoing business and infrastructure initiatives.

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Table of Contents

Premises and Equipment
Premises and equipment expense was $11.2 million and $28.2 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2012, respectively, compared to $7.2 million and $19.6 million for the comparable 2011 periods. The increases were primarily due to increased spending to enhance and maintain our IT infrastructure.
Business Development and Travel
Business development and travel expense was $6.8 million and $21.7 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2012, respectively, compared to $5.9 million and $17.4 million for the comparable 2011 periods. The increases were primarily reflective of our increased focus on global initiatives and increased business development activity due to improving economic and business conditions.
(Reduction of ) Provision for Unfunded Credit Commitments
We recorded a reduction of provision for unfunded credit commitments of $0.4 million for the three months ended September 30, 2012, compared to $2.1 million for the comparable 2011 period. The reduction of provision for the three months ended September 30, 2012 was primarily due to improved credit performance across our client portfolio and a decrease in unfunded credit commitment balances of $42.5 million. We recorded a a provision of $1.3 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2012, respectively, compared to $2.1 million for the comparable 2011 period. The provision for the nine months ended September 30, 2012 was reflective of the increase in total unfunded credit commitments during the period.
Other Noninterest Expense
A summary of other noninterest expense for the three and six months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011 is as follows:
 
 
Three months ended September 30,
 
Nine months ended September 30,
(Dollars in thousands)
 
2012
 
2011
 
% Change 
 
2012
 
2011
 
% Change 
Telephone
 
$
1,619

 
$
1,610

 
0.6
 %
 
$
4,950

 
$
4,376

 
13.1
 %
Client services
 
1,804

 
1,289

 
40.0

 
4,796

 
3,128

 
53.3

Data processing services
 
1,575

 
1,097

 
43.6

 
4,290

 
3,589

 
19.5

Tax credit fund amortization
 
941

 
1,212

 
(22.4
)
 
2,961

 
3,366

 
(12.0
)
Postage and supplies
 
591

 
641

 
(7.8
)
 
1,844

 
1,725

 
6.9

Dues and publications
 
472

 
465

 
1.5

 
1,503

 
1,166

 
28.9

Net gain from note repurchases and termination of corresponding interest rate swaps (1)
 

 

 

 

 
(3,123
)
 
(100.0
)
Other
 
1,961

 
3,240

 
(39.5
)
 
5,844

 
8,226

 
(29.0
)
Total other noninterest expense
 
$
8,963

 
$
9,554

 
(6.2
)
 
$
26,188

 
$
22,453

 
16.6

 
 
 
(1)
Represents net gains from the repurchase of $108.6 million of our 5.70% Senior Notes and $204.0 million of our 6.05% Subordinated Notes and the termination of the corresponding portions of interest rate swaps in 2011.
Net Income Attributable to Noncontrolling Interests
Included in net income is income and expense attributable to noncontrolling interests. The relevant amounts attributable to investors other than us are reflected under “Net Income Attributable to Noncontrolling Interests” on our statements of income.
In the table below, noninterest income consists primarily of investment gains and losses from our consolidated funds. Noninterest expense is primarily related to management fees paid by our managed funds to SVB Financial’s subsidiaries as the funds’ general partners. A summary of net income attributable to noncontrolling interests for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011, respectively, is as follows:

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Table of Contents

 
 
Three months ended September 30,
 
Nine months ended September 30,
(Dollars in thousands)
 
2012
 
2011
 
% Change 
 
2012
 
2011
 
% Change 
Net interest income (1)
 
$
(50
)
 
$
(32
)
 
56.3
 %
 
$
(131
)
 
$
(84
)
 
56.0
 %
Noninterest income (1)
 
(14,416
)
 
(43,487
)
 
(66.8
)
 
(32,258
)
 
(114,276
)
 
(71.8
)
Noninterest expense (1)
 
2,723

 
2,766

 
(1.6
)
 
9,488

 
8,868

 
7.0

Carried interest (2)
 
892

 
2,248

 
(60.3
)
 
(2,568
)
 
2,917

 
(188.0
)
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests
 
$
(10,851
)
 
$
(38,505
)
 
(71.8
)
 
$
(25,469
)
 
$
(102,575
)
 
(75.2
)
 
 
(1)
Represents noncontrolling interests’ share in net interest income, noninterest income and noninterest expense.
(2)
Represents the preferred allocation of income earned by the general partners or limited partners of certain consolidated funds.
Income Taxes
Our effective income tax expense rate was 40.2 percent for the three months ended September 30, 2012, compared to 41.6 percent for the comparable 2011 period. Our effective income tax expense rate was 40.2 percent for the nine months ended September 30, 2012, compared to 40.5 percent for the comparable 2011 period. The decreases in the tax rates were primarily attributable to lower taxes on foreign operations.
Our effective tax rate is calculated by dividing income tax expense by the sum of income before income tax expense and the net income attributable to noncontrolling interests.
Operating Segment Results
We have three segments for which we report our financial information: Global Commercial Bank, SVB Private Bank and SVB Capital.
We report segment information based on the “management” approach. The management approach designates the internal reporting used by management for making decisions and assessing performance as the source of our reporting segments. Please refer to Note 10—”Segment Reporting” of the “Notes to Interim Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)” under Part I, Item 1 of this report for additional details.
Our primary source of revenue is from net interest income, which is primarily the difference between interest earned on loans, net of FTP, and interest paid on deposits, net of FTP. Accordingly, our segments are reported using net interest income, net of FTP. FTP is an internal measurement framework designed to assess the financial impact of a financial institution’s sources and uses of funds. It is the mechanism by which an earnings credit is given for deposits raised, and an earnings charge is made for funded loans. Effective January 1, 2012, FTP is calculated at an instrument level based on account characteristics. Prior to January 1, 2012, FTP was calculated by applying a transfer rate to pooled, or aggregated, loan and deposit volumes. We have reclassified all prior period amounts to conform to the current period’s methodology and presentation.
We also evaluate performance based on provision for loan losses, noninterest income and noninterest expense, which are presented as components of segment operating profit or loss. In calculating each operating segment’s noninterest expense, we consider the direct costs incurred by the operating segment as well as certain allocated direct costs. As part of this review, we allocate certain corporate overhead costs to a corporate account. We do not allocate income taxes to our segments. Additionally, our management reporting model is predicated on average asset balances; therefore, period-end asset balances are not presented for segment reporting purposes.
Changes in an individual client’s primary relationship designation have resulted, and in the future may result, in the inclusion of certain clients in different segments in different periods. The following is our reportable segment information for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011:

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Table of Contents

Global Commercial Bank
 
 
Three months ended September 30,
 
Nine months ended September 30,
(Dollars in thousands)
 
2012
 
2011
 
% Change 
 
2012
 
2011
 
% Change 
Net interest income
 
$
151,858

 
$
133,946

 
13.4
%
 
$
441,542

 
$
380,461

 
16.1
%
Provision for loan losses
 
(7,787
)
 
(3,883
)
 
100.5

 
(29,946
)
 
(3,222
)
 
NM

Noninterest income
 
46,965

 
39,189

 
19.8

 
139,387

 
110,604

 
26.0

Noninterest expense
 
(97,846
)
 
(92,350
)
 
6.0

 
(292,580
)
 
(262,932
)
 
11.3

Income before income tax expense
 
$
93,190

 
$
76,902

 
21.2

 
$
258,403

 
$
224,911

 
14.9

Total average loans, net of unearned income
 
$
7,159,609

 
$
5,263,448

 
36.0

 
$
6,559,036

 
$
4,933,707

 
32.9

Total average assets
 
19,861,275

 
17,347,197

 
14.5

 
19,149,952

 
16,788,462

 
14.1

Total average deposits
 
17,881,175

 
15,573,886

 
14.8

 
17,240,715

 
15,063,215

 
14.5

 
 
 
NM—Not meaningful
Three months ended September 30, 2012 compared to the three months ended September 30, 2011
Net interest income from our Global Commercial Bank (“GCB”) increased by $17.9 million for the three months ended September 30, 2012, primarily due to a $20.1 million increase in loan interest income resulting mainly from an increase in average loan balances and a $6.2 million increase in the FTP earned for deposits due to deposit growth. These increases were partially offset by a $6.4 million decrease in the FTP earned for deposits from decreases in market interest rates.
We had a provision for loan losses for GCB of $7.8 million for the three months ended September 30, 2012, compared to a provision of $3.9 million for the comparable 2011 period. The provision of $7.8 million in the third quarter of 2012 was primarily attributable to loan growth.
Noninterest income increased by $7.8 million for the three months ended September 30, 2012, primarily due to an increase in gains from debt fund investments, credit card fees and client investment fees. The increase in gains from debt fund investments was driven primarily by IPO and M&A activity and other valuation adjustments on investments within the funds. The increase in credit card fees was primarily due to the addition of new credit card clients and an increase in client activity. The increase in client investment fees was primarily due to an increase in average client investment funds due to our clients’ increased utilization of our off-balance sheet sweep money market funds.
Noninterest expense increased by $5.5 million for the three months ended September 30, 2012, primarily due to an increase in salaries and wages and premises and equipment expense. The increase in salaries and wages was primarily due to an increase in the average number of FTEs at GCB, which increased by 109 to 1,259 for the three months ended September 30, 2012, compared to 1,150 for the comparable 2011 period. The increase in average FTEs was attributable to increases in positions for product development, operational and sales and advisory, as well as to support our commercial banking operations and initiatives. The increase in premises and equipment was primarily due to increased spending to enhance and maintain our IT infrastructure.
Nine months ended September 30, 2012 compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2011
Net interest income from our Global Commercial Bank (“GCB”) increased by $61.1 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2012, primarily due to a $60.6 million increase in loan interest income resulting mainly from an increase in average loan balances and a $18.4 million increase in the FTP earned for deposits due to deposit growth. These increases were partially offset by a $15.5 million decrease in the FTP earned for deposits from decreases in market interest rates.
We had a provision for loan losses for GCB of $29.9 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2012, compared to a provision of $3.2 million for the comparable 2011 period. The provision of $29.9 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2012 was primarily due to net charge-offs and loan growth. The provision for the comparable 2011 period was primarily due to loan growth, partially offset by a decrease in the allowance for our performing loans due to the strong overall credit quality of our clients.
Noninterest income increased by $28.8 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2012, primarily due to an increase in gains from debt fund investments, credit card fees and foreign exchange fees, as well as gains of $4.2 million on the sale of certain assets related to our equity management services business in the second quarter of 2012. The increase in gains from debt fund investments was driven primarily by IPO and M&A activity and other valuation adjustments on investments within the funds. The increase in credit card fees was primarily due to the addition of new credit card clients and an increase in client activity. The increase in foreign exchange fees was primarily due to improving business conditions for our clients and increased volatility

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in foreign markets, which has resulted in an improvement in our spread as well as higher number of trades.
Noninterest expense increased by $29.6 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2012, primarily due to an increase in salaries and wages, premises and equipment and professional services. The increase in salaries and wages was primarily due to an increase in the average number of FTEs at GCB, which increased by 116 to 1,234 for the nine months ended September 30, 2012, compared to 1,118 for the comparable 2011 period. The increase in average FTEs was attributable to increases in positions for product development, operational and sales and advisory, as well as to support our commercial banking operations and initiatives. The increase in premises and equipment was primarily due to increased spending to enhance and maintain our IT infrastructure. The increase in professional services was to support our ongoing business and infrastructure initiatives.
SVB Private Bank
 
 
Three months ended September 30,
 
Nine months ended September 30,
(Dollars in thousands)
 
2012
 
2011
 
% Change 
 
2012
 
2011
 
% Change 
Net interest income
 
$
5,666

 
$
5,513

 
2.8
 %
 
$
16,147

 
$
14,567

 
10.8
 %
Reduction of provision for loan losses
 
999

 
3,114

 
(67.9
)
 
630

 
5,366

 
(88.3
)
Noninterest income
 
149

 
128

 
16.4

 
457

 
351

 
30.2

Noninterest expense
 
(3,749
)
 
(2,846
)
 
31.7

 
(10,338
)
 
(7,326
)
 
41.1

Income before income tax expense
 
$
3,065

 
$
5,909

 
(48.1
)
 
$
6,896


$
12,958

 
(46.8
)
Total average loans, net of unearned income
 
$
755,001

 
$
684,613

 
10.3

 
$
745,069

 
$
637,443

 
16.9

Total average assets
 
758,988

 
685,308

 
10.8

 
749,500

 
637,854

 
17.5

Total average deposits
 
341,537

 
200,547

 
70.3

 
278,736

 
169,368

 
64.6

Three months ended September 30, 2012 compared to the three months ended September 30, 2011
Net interest income from SVB Private Bank remained relatively flat at $5.7 million for the three months ended September 30, 2012, resulting from an increase in loan interest income from an increase in average loan balances, partially offset by a decrease in the overall yield on our loan portfolio.
SVB Private Bank had a reduction of provision for loan losses of $1.0 million for the three months ended September 30, 2012, compared to a reduction of provision of $3.1 million for the comparable 2011 period. The reduction of provision for both periods was primarily due to net loan recoveries.
Noninterest expense increased by $0.9 million for the three months ended September 30, 2012, primarily due to an increase in professional services, net occupancy and compensation and benefits expense to support the growth of SVB Private Bank. The average number of FTEs at SVB Private Bank increased by 7 to 47 FTEs for the three months ended September 30, 2012, compared to 40 FTEs for the comparable 2011 period.
Nine months ended September 30, 2012 compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2011
Net interest income from SVB Private Bank increased by $1.6 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2012, primarily due to an increase in loan interest income resulting primarily from an increase in average loan balances.
SVB Private Bank had a reduction of provision for loan losses of $0.6 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2012, compared to a reduction of provision of $5.4 million for the comparable 2011 period. The reduction of provision for both periods was primarily due to net loan recoveries.
Noninterest expense increased by $3.0 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2012, primarily due to an increase in compensation and benefits expense resulting from an increase in the average number of FTEs at SVB Private Bank, which increased by 15 to 46 FTEs for the nine months ended September 30, 2012, compared to 31 FTEs for the comparable 2011 period. The increase in average FTEs was to support the growth of SVB Private Bank.

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SVB Capital
 
 
Three months ended September 30,
 
Nine months ended September 30,
(Dollars in thousands)
 
2012
 
2011
 
% Change 
 
2012
 
2011
 
% Change 
Net interest income
 
$
6

 
$
2

 
200.0
 %
 
$
22

 
$
6

 
NM%

Noninterest income
 
4,330

 
9,873

 
(56.1
)
 
12,474

 
23,879

 
(47.8
)
Noninterest expense
 
(3,562
)
 
(3,860
)
 
(7.7
)
 
(8,970
)
 
(10,113
)
 
(11.3
)
Income before income tax expense
 
$
774

 
$
6,015

 
(87.1
)
 
$
3,526

 
$
13,772

 
(74.4
)
Total average assets
 
$
238,595

 
$
238,949

 
(0.1
)
 
$
243,124

 
$
225,041

 
8.0

 
 
NM—Not meaningful
SVB Capital’s components of noninterest income primarily include net gains and losses on marketable and non-marketable securities, carried interest and fund management fees. All components of income before income tax expense discussed below are net of noncontrolling interests.
We experience variability in the performance of SVB Capital from quarter to quarter due to a number of factors, including changes in the values of our funds’ underlying investments, changes in the amount of distributions and general economic and market conditions. Such variability may lead to volatility in the gains and losses from investment securities and cause our results to differ from period to period. Results for a particular period may not be indicative of future performance.
Three months ended September 30, 2012 compared to the three months ended September 30, 2011
Noninterest income decreased by $5.5 million to $4.3 million for the three months ended September 30, 2012, primarily due to lower net gains on investment securities. SVB Capital’s components of noninterest income primarily include the following:
Net gains on investment securities of $1.7 million for the three months ended September 30, 2012, compared to net gains of $7.5 million for the comparable 2011 period. The net gains on investment securities of $1.7 million for the three months ended September 30, 2012 were primarily driven by valuation adjustments within our managed funds of funds and direct venture funds.
Fund management fees of $2.5 million for the three months ended September 30, 2012, compared to $2.7 million for the comparable 2011 period.
Nine months ended September 30, 2012 compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2011
Noninterest income decreased by $11.4 million to $12.5 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2012, primarily due to lower net gains on investment securities. SVB Capital’s components of noninterest income primarily include the following:
Net gains on investment securities of $4.0 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2012, compared to net gains of $16.1 million for the comparable 2011 period. The net gains on investment securities of $4.0 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2012 were primarily driven by valuation adjustments and IPO and M&A activity within our managed funds of funds.
Fund management fees of $8.4 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2012, compared to $8.0 million for the comparable 2011 period.
Consolidated Financial Condition
Our total assets were $21.6 billion at September 30, 2012, an increase of $1.6 billion, or 8.1 percent, compared to $20.0 billion at December 31, 2011. Below is a summary of the individual components driving the increase.
Cash and Cash Equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents totaled $906.7 million at September 30, 2012, a decrease of $208.3 million, or 18.7 percent, compared to $1.1 billion at December 31, 2011. The decrease was primarily due to the investment of cash previously held at the FRB into available-for-sale securities as well as to fund loan growth, partially offset by deposit growth from both new and existing clients.
As of September 30, 2012 and December 31, 2011, $139.1 million and $100.1 million, respectively, of our cash and due from banks was deposited at the FRB and was earning interest at the Federal Funds target rate, and interest-earning deposits in other financial institutions were $187.6 million and $371.5 million, respectively.

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Investment Securities
Investment securities totaled $12.2 billion at September 30, 2012, an increase of $671.1 million, or 5.8 percent, compared to $11.5 billion at December 31, 2011. Our investment securities portfolio consists of both an available-for-sale securities portfolio, which represents interest-earning investment securities, and a non-marketable securities portfolio, which primarily represents investments managed as part of our funds management business. The increase of $671.1 million million included an increase of $511.7 million in available-for-sale securities and an increase of $159.4 million in non-marketable securities. The major components of the change are explained below.
Available-for-Sale Securities
Our available-for-sale securities portfolio is a fixed income investment portfolio that is managed to optimize portfolio yield over the long-term consistent with our liquidity, credit diversification and asset/liability strategies. Available-for-sale securities were $11.0 billion at September 30, 2012, an increase of $511.7 million, or 4.9 percent, compared to $10.5 billion at December 31, 2011. The increase was primarily due to purchases of new investments of $2.9 billion, partially offset by paydowns of $2.0 billion and sales of $315.7 million. The purchases of new investments of $2.9 billion were primarily comprised of fixed-rate agency-issued mortgage securities and fixed-rate agency debentures. The paydowns of securities of $2.0 billion were comprised of $1.5 billion in fixed-rate securities and $488.4 million in variable-rate securities. The sales of $315.7 million were comprised entirely of U.S. agency securities. The proceeds from the sales and paydowns were used primarily to fund loan growth and reduce overnight borrowings.
Portfolio duration is a standard measure used to approximate changes in the market value of fixed income instruments due to a change in market interest rates. The measure is an estimate based on the level of current market interest rates, expectations for changes in the path of forward rates and the effect of forward rates on mortgage prepayment speed assumptions. As such, portfolio duration will fluctuate with changes in market interest rates. Changes in portfolio duration are also impacted by changes in the mix of longer versus shorter term-to-maturity securities. At September 30, 2012, our estimated portfolio duration was 1.6 years, compared to 1.8 years at December 31, 2011.
Non-Marketable Securities
Our non-marketable securities portfolio primarily represents investments in venture capital funds, debt funds and private portfolio companies. A majority of these investments are managed through our SVB Capital funds business in funds of funds and direct venture funds. Included in our non-marketable securities carried under fair value accounting are amounts that are attributable to noncontrolling interests. We are required under GAAP to consolidate 100% of these investments that we are deemed to control, even though we may own less than 100% of such entities. See below for a summary of the carrying value (as reported) of non-marketable securities compared to the amounts attributable to SVBFG.
Non-marketable securities were $1.2 billion at September 30, 2012, an increase of $159.4 million, or 15.9 percent, compared to $1.0 billion at December 31, 2011. The increase was primarily attributable to the funding of our capital contribution of $79.7 million to our joint venture bank in China in the second quarter of 2012, as well as to capital calls (net of distributions) from noncontrolling interests of $64.0 million. The following table summarizes the carrying value (as reported) of nonmarketable securities compared to the amounts attributable to SVBFG (which generally represents the carrying value times our ownership percentage) at September 30, 2012 and December 31, 2011:
 
 
September 30, 2012
 
December 31, 2011
(Dollars in thousands)
 
Carrying value  
(as reported)
 
Amount attributable     
to SVBFG
 
Carrying value  
(as reported)
 
Amount attributable  
to SVBFG
Non-marketable securities (fair value accounting):
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Venture capital and private equity fund investments (1)
 
$
658,409

 
$
76,541

 
$
611,824

 
$
77,674

Other venture capital investments (2)
 
118,622

 
10,998

 
124,121

 
11,333

Other investments
 

 

 
987

 
493

Non-marketable securities (equity method accounting):
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Other investments
 
141,761

 
141,761

 
68,252

 
68,252

Low income housing tax credit funds
 
66,806

 
66,806

 
34,894

 
34,894

Non-marketable securities (cost method accounting):
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Venture capital and private equity fund investments
 
158,275

 
158,275

 
145,007

 
145,007

Other investments
 
19,942

 
19,942

 
19,355

 
19,355

Total non-marketable securities
 
$
1,163,815

 
$
474,323

 
$
1,004,440

 
$
357,008


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(1)
The following table shows the amounts of venture capital and private equity fund investments held by the following consolidated funds and amounts attributable to SVBFG for each fund at September 30, 2012 and December 31, 2011:
 
 
September 30, 2012
 
December 31, 2011
(Dollars in thousands)
 
Carrying value  
(as reported)
 
Amount
attributable     
to SVBFG
 
Carrying value  
(as reported)
 
Amount
attributable  
to SVBFG
SVB Strategic Investors Fund, LP
 
$
35,963

 
$
4,518

 
$
39,567

 
$
4,970

SVB Strategic Investors Fund II, LP
 
103,302

 
8,854

 
122,619

 
10,510

SVB Strategic Investors Fund III, LP
 
208,809

 
12,259

 
218,429

 
12,824

SVB Strategic Investors Fund IV, LP
 
161,082

 
8,054

 
122,076

 
6,104

Strategic Investors Fund V Funds
 
28,908

 
69

 
8,838

 
31

SVB Capital Preferred Return Fund, LP
 
51,460

 
12,137

 
42,580

 
11,571

SVB Capital—NT Growth Partners, LP
 
61,253

 
24,291

 
43,958

 
20,176

SVB Capital Partners II, LP
 
1,341

 
68

 
2,390

 
121

Other private equity fund
 
6,291

 
6,291

 
11,367

 
11,367

Total venture capital and private equity fund investments
 
$
658,409

 
$
76,541

 
$
611,824

 
$
77,674

(2)
The following table shows the amounts of other venture capital investments held by the following consolidated funds and amounts attributable to SVBFG for each fund at September 30, 2012 and December 31, 2011:
 
 
September 30, 2012
 
December 31, 2011
(Dollars in thousands)
 
Carrying value  
(as reported)
 
Amount
attributable     
to SVBFG
 
Carrying value  
(as reported)
 
Amount
attributable  
to SVBFG
Silicon Valley BancVentures, LP
 
$
16,737

 
$
1,790

 
$
17,878

 
$
1,912

SVB Capital Partners II, LP
 
55,686

 
2,828

 
61,099

 
3,103

SVB India Capital Partners I, LP
 
42,713

 
6,144

 
42,832

 
6,162

SVB Capital Shanghai Yangpu Venture Capital Fund
 
3,486

 
236

 
2,312

 
156

Total other venture capital investments
 
$
118,622

 
$
10,998

 
$
124,121

 
$
11,333

Loans
Loans, net of unearned income were $8.2 billion at September 30, 2012, an increase of $1.2 billion, or 17.5 percent, compared to $7.0 billion at December 31, 2011. Unearned income was $73.8 million at September 30, 2012, compared to $60.2 million at December 31, 2011. Total gross loans were $8.3 billion at September 30, 2012, an increase of $1.2 billion, or 17.6 percent, compared to $7.0 billion at December 31, 2011. The increase came primarily from sponsor-led buyouts in the software niche and from our venture capital/private equity clients for capital calls. The breakdown of total gross loans and total loans as a percentage of total gross loans by category is as follows:

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Table of Contents

 
 
September 30, 2012
 
December 31, 2011
(Dollars in thousands)
 
Amount
 
Percentage 
 
Amount
 
Percentage 
Commercial loans:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Software
 
$
2,983,420

 
36.1
%
 
$
2,517,890

 
35.8
%
Hardware
 
1,205,059

 
14.6

 
961,869

 
13.7

Venture capital/private equity
 
1,408,346

 
17.0

 
1,128,520

 
16.1

Life science
 
1,038,327

 
12.6

 
872,413

 
12.4

Premium wine
 
135,194

 
1.6

 
131,552

 
1.9

Other
 
313,177

 
3.8

 
345,588

 
4.9

Total commercial loans
 
7,083,523

 
85.7


5,957,832

 
84.8

Real estate secured loans:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Premium wine
 
380,555

 
4.6

 
347,241

 
4.9

Consumer loans
 
609,525

 
7.4

 
533,817

 
7.6

Total real estate secured loans
 
990,080

 
12.0

 
881,058

 
12.5

Construction loans
 
48,505

 
0.6

 
30,319

 
0.4

Consumer loans
 
144,060

 
1.7

 
161,112

 
2.3

Total gross loans
 
$
8,266,168

 
100.0
%
 
$
7,030,321

 
100.0
%
Loan Concentration
The following table provides a summary of loans by size and category. The breakout of the categories is based on total client balances (individually or in the aggregate) as of September 30, 2012:
 
 
September 30, 2012
(Dollars in thousands)
 
Less than
Five Million
 
Five to Ten
Million
 
Ten to Twenty
Million
 
 Twenty to Thirty Million
 
 
Thirty Million  
or More
 
Total
Commercial loans:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Software
 
$
962,244

 
$
494,159

 
$
597,429

 
$
649,737

 
$
279,851

 
$
2,983,420

Hardware
 
309,492

 
226,336

 
215,746

 
189,473

 
264,012

 
1,205,059

Venture capital/private equity
 
272,026

 
195,009

 
256,842

 
213,924

 
470,545

 
1,408,346

Life science
 
261,927

 
230,260

 
193,432

 
198,668

 
154,040

 
1,038,327

Premium wine (1)
 
67,835

 
37,129

 
24,230

 
6,000

 

 
135,194

Other
 
116,116

 
53,993

 
86,049

 
25,440

 
31,579

 
313,177

Commercial loans
 
1,989,640

 
1,236,886

 
1,373,728

 
1,283,242

 
1,200,027


7,083,523

Real estate secured loans:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Premium wine (1)
 
109,090

 
94,323

 
102,799

 
42,843

 
31,500

 
380,555

Consumer loans (2)
 
512,339

 
53,513

 
43,673

 

 

 
609,525

Real estate secured loans
 
621,429

 
147,836

 
146,472

 
42,843

 
31,500

 
990,080

Construction loans
 
17,516

 
30,989

 

 

 

 
48,505

Consumer loans (2)
 
48,698

 
50,362

 

 

 
45,000

 
144,060

Total gross loans
 
$
2,677,283

 
$
1,466,073

 
$
1,520,200

 
$
1,326,085

 
$
1,276,527

 
$
8,266,168

 
 
(1)
Premium wine clients can have loan balances included in both commercial loans and real estate secured loans, the total of which are used for the breakout of the above categories.
(2)
Consumer loan clients have loan balances included in both real estate secured loans and other consumer loans, the total of which are used for the breakout of the above categories.
At September 30, 2012, gross loans (individually or in the aggregate) totaling $2.6 billion, or 31.5 percent of our portfolio, were equal to or greater than $20 million to any single client. These loans represented 85 clients, and of these loans, none were on nonaccrual status as of September 30, 2012.

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The following table provides a summary of loans by size and category. The breakout of the categories is based on total client balances (individually or in the aggregate) as of December 31, 2011:
 
 
December 31, 2011
(Dollars in thousands)
 
Less than
Five Million
 
Five to Ten
Million
 
 
Ten to Twenty
Million
 
 Twenty to Thirty Million
 
Thirty Million
or More
 
Total
Commercial loans:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Software
 
$
764,200

 
$
429,670

 
$
578,248

 
$
715,772

 
$
30,000

 
$
2,517,890

Hardware
 
306,557

 
166,619

 
133,505

 
116,305

 
238,883

 
961,869

Venture capital/private equity
 
277,087

 
232,775

 
127,848

 
53,000

 
437,810

 
1,128,520

Life science
 
251,921

 
140,786

 
187,874

 
171,702

 
120,130

 
872,413

Premium wine (1)
 
69,418

 
13,971

 
42,763

 
5,400

 

 
131,552

Other
 
90,110

 
14,915

 
82,849

 
45,435

 
112,279

 
345,588

Commercial loans
 
1,759,293

 
998,736

 
1,153,087

 
1,107,614

 
939,102

 
5,957,832

Real estate secured loans:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Premium wine (1)
 
119,708

 
75,161

 
75,247

 
45,625

 
31,500

 
347,241

Consumer loans (2)
 
434,406

 
41,177

 
39,302

 
18,932

 

 
533,817

Real estate secured loans
 
554,114

 
116,338

 
114,549

 
64,557

 
31,500

 
881,058

Construction loans
 
7,581

 
22,738

 

 

 

 
30,319

Consumer loans (2)
 
59,713

 
32,105

 
21,294

 
3,000

 
45,000

 
161,112

Total gross loans
 
$
2,380,701

 
$
1,169,917

 
$
1,288,930

 
$
1,175,171

 
$
1,015,602

 
$
7,030,321

 
 
 
(1)
Premium wine clients can have loan balances included in both commercial loans and real estate secured loans, the total of which are used for the breakout of the above categories.
(2)
Consumer loan clients have loan balances included in both real estate secured loans and other consumer loans, the total of which are used for the breakout of the above categories.
At December 31, 2011, gross loans (individually or in the aggregate) totaling $2.2 billion, or 31.2 percent of our portfolio, were equal to or greater than $20 million to any single client. These loans represented 71 clients, and of these loans, none were on nonaccrual status as of December 31, 2011.
The credit profile of our clients varies across our loan portfolio, based on the nature of the lending we do for different market segments. Our technology and life sciences loan portfolio includes loans to clients at all stages of their life cycles, beginning with our SVB Accelerator practice, which serves our emerging or early-stage clients. Loans provided to early-stage clients represent a relatively small percentage of our overall portfolio at approximately 9 percent of total gross loans at September 30, 2012, compared to approximately 8 percent at December 31, 2011. Typically these loans are made to companies with modest or negative cash flows and no established record of profitable operations. Repayment of these loans may be dependent upon receipt by borrowers of additional equity financing from venture capitalists or others, or in some cases, a successful sale to a third party or a public offering. Venture capital firms may provide financing at lower levels, more selectively or on less favorable terms, which may have an adverse effect on our borrowers that are otherwise dependent on such financing to repay their loans to us. When repayment is dependent upon the next round of venture investment and there is an indication that further investment is unlikely or will not occur, it is often likely the company would need to be sold to repay debt in full. If reasonable efforts have not yielded a likely buyer willing to repay all debt at the close of the sale or on commercially viable terms, the account will most likely be deemed to be impaired.
At September 30, 2012, our lending to venture capital/private equity firms represented 17.0 percent of total gross loans, compared to 16.1 percent of total gross loans at December 31, 2011. Many of these clients have capital call lines of credit, the repayment of which is dependent on the payment of capital calls by the underlying limited partner investors in the funds managed by these firms.
At September 30, 2012, our asset-based lending, which consists primarily of working capital lines and accounts receivable factoring represented 7.5 percent and 5.0 percent, respectively, of total gross loans, compared to 8.8 percent and 5.4 percent, respectively at December 31, 2011. The repayment of these arrangements is dependent on the financial condition, and payment ability, of third parties with whom our clients do business.
Approximately 44.4 percent of our outstanding total gross loan balances as of September 30, 2012 were to borrowers based in California compared to 43.7 percent as of December 31, 2011. Other than California, there are no states with balances greater than 10 percent.

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See generally “Risk Factors–Credit Risks” set forth under Item 1A, Part I in our 2011 Form 10-K.
Credit Quality Indicators
As of September 30, 2012, our criticized and impaired loans represented 6.6 percent of our total gross loans. This compares to 8.5 percent at December 31, 2011. A majority of our criticized loans are from our SVB Accelerator portfolio, serving our emerging or early stage clients. Loans to early stage clients make up approximately 9 percent of our loan portfolio. It is common for an early stage client’s remaining liquidity to fall temporarily below the threshold for a pass-rated credit during its capital-raising period for a new round of funding. This situation typically lasts only a few weeks and, in our experience, generally resolves itself with a subsequent round of venture funding. As a result, we expect that each of our early-stage clients will be managed through our criticized portfolio during a portion of their life cycle. Criticized loan levels will continue to vary but are expected to remain within the current range.
Credit Quality and Allowance for Loan Losses
Nonperforming assets consist of loans past due 90 days or more that are still accruing interest and loans on nonaccrual status. We measure all loans placed on nonaccrual status for impairment based on the fair value of the underlying collateral or the net present value of the expected cash flows. The table below sets forth certain data and ratios between nonperforming loans, nonperforming assets and the allowance for loan losses:
(Dollars in thousands)
 
September 30, 2012
 
December 31, 2011
Gross nonperforming, past due, and restructured loans:
 
 
 
 
Loans past due 90 days or more still accruing interest
 
$
5,000

 
$

Impaired loans
 
39,397

 
36,617

Performing TDRs
 
963

 
2,100

Nonperforming loans as a percentage of total gross loans
 
0.48
%
 
0.52
%
Nonperforming assets as a percentage of total assets
 
0.18

 
0.18
%
Allowance for loan losses
 
$
101,524

 
$
89,947

As a percentage of total gross loans
 
1.23
%
 
1.28
%
As a percentage of total gross nonperforming loans
 
257.69

 
245.64

Allowance for loan losses for impaired loans
 
$
6,003

 
$
3,707

As a percentage of total gross loans
 
0.07
%
 
0.05
%
As a percentage of total gross nonperforming loans
 
15.24

 
10.12

Allowance for loan losses for total gross performing loans
 
$
95,521

 
$
86,240

As a percentage of total gross loans
 
1.16
%
 
1.23
%
As a percentage of total gross performing loans
 
1.16

 
1.23

Total gross loans
 
$
8,266,168

 
$
7,030,321

Total gross performing loans
 
8,226,771

 
6,993,704

Reserve for unfunded credit commitments (1)
 
23,075

 
21,811

As a percentage of total unfunded credit commitments
 
0.26
%
 
0.27
%
Total unfunded credit commitments (2)
 
$
8,710,228

 
$
8,067,570

 
 
 
(1)
The “Reserve for unfunded credit commitments” is included as a component of other liabilities. See “Provision for Unfunded Credit Commitments” above for a discussion of the changes to the reserve.
(2)
Includes unfunded loan commitments and letters of credit.
Our allowance for loan losses as a percentage of total gross loans decreased to 1.23 percent at September 30, 2012 from 1.28 percent at December 31, 2011. The decrease is primarily reflective of the strong performance of our performing loan portfolio as our allowance for loan losses for total gross performing loans as a percentage of total gross performing loans decreased from 1.23 percent at December 31, 2011 to 1.16 percent at September 30, 2012.
Our nonperforming loans were $39.4 million at September 30, 2012, compared to $36.6 million at December 31, 2011. The increase of $2.8 million was primarily due to the addition of two nonperforming hardware loans that had a combined impaired balance of $24.5 million at September 30, 2012, partially offset by paydowns of $22.3 million on impaired loans. The allowance

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for loan losses related to impaired loans was $6.0 million at September 30, 2012 compared to $3.7 million at December 31, 2011.
Average impaired loans for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2012 were $30.6 million and $34.6 million, respectively, compared to $39.9 million and $36.9 million for the comparable 2011 periods. If the impaired loans had not been impaired, $0.7 million and $1.8 million in interest income would have been recorded for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2012, respectively, compared to $0.9 million and $2.5 million for the comparable 2011 periods.
Accrued Interest Receivable and Other Assets
A summary of accrued interest receivable and other assets at September 30, 2012 and December 31, 2011 is as follows:
(Dollars in thousands)
 
September 30, 2012
 
December 31, 2011
 
% Change      
Derivative assets, gross (1)
 
$
94,578

 
$
97,693

 
(3.2
)%
Accrued interest receivable
 
62,441

 
58,108

 
7.5

FHLB and FRB stock
 
39,301

 
39,189

 
0.3

Foreign exchange spot contract assets, gross
 
37,769

 
86,610

 
(56.4
)
Accounts receivable
 
15,470

 
49,076

 
(68.5
)
Prepaid FDIC assessments
 
1,880

 
8,776

 
(78.6
)
Other assets
 
48,155

 
37,402

 
28.7

Total accrued interest receivable and other assets
 
$
299,594

 
$
376,854

 
(20.5
)
 
 
 
(1)
See “Derivatives” section below.
Foreign Exchange Spot Contract Assets
Foreign exchange spot contract assets represent unsettled client trades at the end of the period. The decrease of $48.8 million was primarily due to decreased client trade activity at period-end, and is consistent with the decrease in foreign exchange spot contract liabilities (see “Other Liabilities” section below).
Accounts Receivable
The decrease in accounts receivable of $33.6 million from December 31, 2011 was primarily due to a decrease in unsettled client trades related to our off-balance sheet sweep money market funds.
Prepaid FDIC Assessments
In 2009 the FDIC required insured financial institutions to prepay their estimated quarterly risk-based assessments for 2010 through 2012. The decrease of $6.9 million from December 31, 2011 was due to the amortization of this prepayment during the nine months ended September 30, 2012.

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Derivatives
Derivative instruments are recorded as a component of other assets and other liabilities on the balance sheet. The following table provides a summary of derivative assets and liabilities, net at September 30, 2012 and December 31, 2011: 
(Dollars in thousands)
 
September 30, 2012
 
December 31, 2011
 
% Change 
Assets:
 
 
 
 
 
 
Equity warrant assets
 
$
70,478

 
$
66,953

 
5.3
 %
Foreign exchange forward and option contracts
 
13,116

 
18,326

 
(28.4
)
Interest rate swaps
 
9,508

 
11,441

 
(16.9
)
Loan conversion options
 
1,240

 
923

 
34.3

Client interest rate derivatives
 
236

 
50

 
NM

Total derivatives assets
 
$
94,578

 
$
97,693

 
(3.2
)
Liabilities:
 
 
 
 
 


Foreign exchange forward and option contracts
 
$
(12,476
)
 
$
(16,816
)
 
(25.8
)
Client interest rate derivatives
 
(247
)
 
(52
)
 
NM

Total derivatives liabilities
 
$
(12,723
)
 
$
(16,868
)
 
(24.6
)
 
 
NM—Not meaningful
Equity Warrant Assets
In connection with negotiating credit facilities and certain other services, we often obtain rights to acquire stock in the form of equity warrant assets in primarily private, venture-backed companies in the technology and life science industries. At September 30, 2012, we held warrants in 1,248 companies, compared to 1,174 companies at December 31, 2011. The change in fair value of equity warrant assets is recorded in gains on derivatives instruments, net, in noninterest income, a component of consolidated net income. The following table provides a summary of transactions and valuation changes for equity warrant assets for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011: 
 
 
Three months ended September 30,
 
Nine months ended September 30,
(Dollars in thousands)
 
2012
 
2011
 
2012
 
2011
Balance, beginning of period
 
$
74,405

 
$
56,941

 
$
66,953

 
$
47,565

New equity warrant assets
 
3,649

 
3,090

 
10,803

 
10,386

Non-cash (decreases) increases in fair value
 
(1,618
)
 
3,532

 
6,205

 
13,088

Exercised equity warrant assets
 
(5,706
)
 
(4,654
)
 
(12,059
)
 
(10,826
)
Terminated equity warrant assets
 
(252
)
 
(386
)
 
(1,424
)
 
(1,690
)
Balance, end of period
 
$
70,478

 
$
58,523

 
$
70,478

 
$
58,523

Interest Rate Swaps
For information on our interest rate swaps, see Note 8–“Derivative Financial Instruments” of the “Notes to Interim Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)” under Part I, Item 1 of this report.
Foreign Exchange Forward and Foreign Currency Option Contracts
We enter into foreign exchange forward contracts and foreign currency option contracts with clients involved in foreign activities, either as the purchaser or seller, depending upon the clients’ need. For each forward or option contract entered into with our clients, we enter into an opposite way forward or option contract with a correspondent bank, which mitigates the risk of fluctuations in currency rates. We enter into forward contracts with correspondent banks to economically reduce our foreign exchange exposure related to certain foreign currency denominated loans. Revaluations of foreign currency denominated loans are recorded on the line item “Other” as part of noninterest income, a component of consolidated net income. We have not experienced nonperformance by a counterparty and therefore have not incurred related losses. Further, we anticipate performance by all counterparties. Our net exposure for foreign exchange forward and foreign currency option contracts at September 30, 2012 and December 31, 2011 amounted to $0.6 million and $1.5 million, respectively. For additional information on our foreign exchange forward contracts and foreign currency option contracts, see Note 8- “Derivative Financial Instruments”

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of the “Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements” under Part I, Item I in this report.
Deposits
Deposits were $17.7 billion at September 30, 2012, an increase of $1.0 billion, or 6.1 percent, compared to $16.7 billion at December 31, 2011. The increase is primarily due to the addition of new clients. At September 30, 2012, 28.9 percent of our total deposits were interest-bearing deposits, compared to 29.0 percent at December 31, 2011.
At September 30, 2012, the aggregate balance of time deposit accounts individually equal to or greater than $100,000 totaled $124.9 million, compared to $126.0 million at December 31, 2011. At September 30, 2012, substantially all time deposit accounts individually equal to or greater than $100,000 were scheduled to mature within one year. No material portion of our deposits has been obtained from a single depositor and the loss of any one depositor would not materially affect our business.
Long-Term Debt
At September 30, 2012, we had long-term debt of $458.3 million, compared to $603.6 million at December 31, 2011. At September 30, 2012, long-term debt included our 5.375% Senior Notes, 6.05% Subordinated Notes and 7.0% Junior Subordinated Debentures. Our 5.70% Senior Notes matured on June 1, 2012 and we repaid all outstanding principal, including unpaid and accrued interest, in cash upon maturity. For more information on our long-term debt, see Note 7–“Short-term Borrowings and Long-Term Debt” of the “Notes to Interim Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)” under Part I, Item 1 of this report.
Other Liabilities
A summary of other liabilities at September 30, 2012 and December 31, 2011 is as follows:
(Dollars in thousands)
 
September 30, 2012
 
December 31, 2011
 
% Change  
Foreign exchange spot contract liabilities, gross
 
$
62,698

 
$
152,727

 
(58.9
)%
Accrued compensation
 
68,326

 
114,472

 
(40.3
)
Deferred tax liabilities
 
45,179

 
7,975

 
NA

Reserve for unfunded credit commitments
 
23,075

 
21,811

 
5.8

Derivative liabilities, gross (1)
 
12,723

 
16,868

 
(24.6
)
Other
 
118,037

 
91,468

 
29.0

Total other liabilities
 
$
330,038

 
$
405,321

 
(18.6
)
 
 
 
NM—Not meaningful
(1)
See “Derivatives” section above.
Foreign Exchange Spot Contract Liabilities
Foreign exchange spot contract liabilities represent unsettled client trades at the end of the period. The decrease of $90.0 million was primarily due to decreased client trade activity at period-end, and is consistent with the decrease in foreign exchange spot contract assets. (See “Accrued Interest Receivable and Other Assets” section above).
Accrued Compensation
Accrued compensation includes amounts for our Incentive Compensation Plans, Direct Drive Incentive Compensation Plan, Long-Term Cash Incentive Plan, Retention Program, Warrant Incentive Plan, ESOP and other compensation arrangements. The decrease of $46.1 million was primarily the result of 2011 incentive compensation payouts during the first quarter of 2012, partially offset by additional accruals for the nine months ended September 30, 2012.
Deferred Tax Liabilities
The increase in deferred tax liabilities of $37.2 million was primarily due to an increase in unrealized gains on available-for-sale securities resulting from a general decline in market interest rates.
Other Liabilities
The increase in other liabilities of $26.6 million was primarily due to a $27.7 million increase in tax credit fund investments payable which is a result of additional commitments to invest in certain tax credit funds which we have not yet funded.

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Noncontrolling Interests
Noncontrolling interests totaled $770.4 million and $681.0 million at September 30, 2012 and December 31, 2011, respectively. The increase of $89.4 million was primarily due to $64.0 million of contributed capital (net of distributions) from investors in our managed funds and net income attributable to noncontrolling interests of $25.5 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2012, primarily from our managed funds of funds.
Fair Value Measurements
The following table summarizes our financial assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of September 30, 2012 and December 31, 2011.
 
 
 
September 30, 2012
 
December 31, 2011
(Dollars in thousands)
 
Total Balance  
 
Level 3     
 
Total Balance  
 
Level 3     
Assets carried at fair value
 
$
11,924,755

 
$
841,722

 
$
11,372,081

 
$
799,962

As a percentage of total assets
 
55.3
%
 
3.9
%
 
56.9
%
 
4.0
%
Liabilities carried at fair value
 
$
12,723

 
$

 
$
16,868

 
$

As a percentage of total liabilities
 
0.1
%
 
%
 
0.1
%
 
%
 
 
Level 1 and 2
 
Level 3
 
Level 1 and 2
 
Level 3
Percentage of assets measured at fair value
 
92.9
%
 
7.1
%
 
93.0
%
 
7.0
%
As of September 30, 2012, our available-for-sale securities, consisting of agency-issued mortgage-backed securities, agency-issued collateralized mortgage obligations, U.S. agency debentures, U.S. treasury securities and municipal bonds and notes, totaled $11.0 billion, or 92.6 percent of our portfolio of assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis, compared to $10.5 billion, or 92.6 percent, as of December 31, 2011. These instruments were classified as Level 2 because their valuations were based on indicative prices corroborated by observable market quotes or valuation techniques with all significant inputs derived from or corroborated by observable market data. The fair value of our available-for-sale securities portfolio is sensitive to changes in levels of market interest rates and market perceptions of credit quality of the underlying securities. Market valuations and impairment analyses on assets in the available-for-sale securities portfolio are reviewed and monitored on a quarterly basis. Assets valued using Level 2 measurements also include equity warrant assets in shares of public company capital stock, marketable securities, interest rate swaps, foreign exchange forward and option contracts, loan conversion options and client interest rate derivatives.
Financial assets valued using Level 3 measurements consist primarily of our investments in venture capital and private equity funds and direct equity investments in privately held companies. Our managed funds that hold these investments qualify as investment companies under AICPA Audit and Accounting Guide for Investment Companies and accordingly, these funds report their investments at estimated fair value, with unrealized gains and losses resulting from changes in fair value reflected as investment gains or losses in our consolidated statements of income. Assets valued using Level 3 measurements also include equity warrant assets in shares of private company capital stock.
During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2012, the Level 3 assets that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis experienced net realized and unrealized gains of $14.6 million and $43.8 million (which is inclusive of noncontrolling interest), respectively, primarily due to valuation increases in underlying fund investments in our managed funds, as well as gains from liquidity events and distributions and gains from our equity warrant assets. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2011, the Level 3 assets that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis experienced net realized and unrealized gains of $57.5 million and $152.0 million, respectively, (which is inclusive of noncontrolling interest).
The valuation of non-marketable securities and equity warrant assets in shares of private company capital stock is subject to significant judgment. The inherent uncertainty in the process of valuing securities for which a ready market does not exist may cause our estimated values of these securities to differ significantly from the values that would have been derived had a ready market for the securities existed, and those differences could be material. The timing and amount of changes in fair value, if any, of these financial instruments depend upon factors beyond our control, including the performance of the underlying companies, fluctuations in the market prices of the preferred or common stock of the underlying companies, general volatility and interest rate market factors, and legal and contractual restrictions. The timing and amount of actual net proceeds, if any, from the disposition of these financial instruments depend upon factors beyond our control, including investor demand for IPOs, levels of M&A activity, legal and contractual restrictions on our ability to sell, and the perceived and actual performance of portfolio companies. All of these factors are difficult to predict (see “Risk Factors” set forth in our 2011 Form 10-K).

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Capital Resources
Our management seeks to maintain adequate capital to support anticipated asset growth, operating needs and unexpected credit risks, and to ensure that SVB Financial and the Bank are in compliance with all regulatory capital guidelines. Our primary sources of new capital include retained earnings and proceeds from the sale and issuance of capital stock or other securities. Our management engages, in consultation with our Finance Committee of the Board of Directors, in a regular capital planning process in an effort to make effective use of the capital available to us and to appropriately plan for our future capital needs. The capital plan considers capital needs for the foreseeable future and allocates capital to both existing and future business activities. Expected future use or activities for which capital may be set aside include balance sheet growth and associated relative increases in market or credit exposure, investment activity, potential product and business expansions, acquisitions and strategic or infrastructure investments.
SVBFG Stockholders’ Equity
SVBFG stockholders’ equity totaled $1.8 billion at September 30, 2012, an increase of $215.5 million, or 13.7 percent compared to $1.6 billion at December 31, 2011. This increase was primarily the result of net income of $124.7 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2012 and an increase in additional-paid-in-capital of $54.2 million primarily from stock option exercises and amortization of share based compensation expense during the nine months ended September 30, 2012.
Funds generated through retained earnings are a significant source of capital and liquidity and are expected to continue to be so in the future.
Capital Ratios
Both SVB Financial and the Bank are subject to various capital adequacy guidelines issued by the Federal Reserve Board and the California Department of Financial Institutions. To be classified as “adequately capitalized” under these capital guidelines, minimum ratios for total risk-based capital, Tier 1 risk-based capital and Tier 1 leverage ratio for bank holding companies and banks are 8.0%, 4.0% and 4.0%, respectively.
To be classified as “well capitalized” under these capital guidelines, minimum ratios for total risk-based capital and Tier 1 risk-based capital for bank holding companies and banks are 10.0% and 6.0%, respectively. Under the same capital adequacy guidelines, a well-capitalized state member bank must maintain a minimum Tier 1 leverage ratio of 5.0%. There is no Tier 1 leverage requirement for a holding company to be deemed well-capitalized.
The Federal Reserve has not issued any minimum guidelines for the tangible common equity to tangible assets ratio or the tangible common equity to risk-weighted assets ratio. However, we believe these ratios provide meaningful supplemental information regarding our capital levels and are therefore provided below.
Regulatory capital ratios for SVB Financial and the Bank exceeded minimum federal regulatory guidelines for a well-capitalized depository institution as of September 30, 2012 and December 31, 2011. Capital ratios for SVB Financial and the Bank, compared to the minimum regulatory ratios to be considered “well capitalized” and “adequately capitalized”, are set forth below:
 
 
September 30, 2012
 
December 31, 2011
 
Minimum ratio to be  
“Well Capitalized”
 
Minimum ratio to be
“Adequately Capitalized” 
SVB Financial:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total risk-based capital ratio (1)
 
14.34
%
 
13.95
%
 
10.0
%
 
8.0
%
Tier 1 risk-based capital ratio (1)
 
13.07

 
12.62

 
6.0

 
4.0

Tier 1 leverage ratio
 
8.02

 
7.92

 
N/A  

 
4.0

Tangible common equity to tangible assets ratio (2)(3)
 
8.27

 
7.86

 
N/A  

 
N/A  

Tangible common equity to risk-weighted assets ratio (1)(2)(3)
 
13.93

 
13.25

 
N/A  

 
N/A  

Bank:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total risk-based capital ratio (1)
 
12.70
%
 
12.33
%
 
10.0
%
 
8.0
%
Tier 1 risk-based capital ratio (1)
 
11.41

 
10.96

 
6.0

 
4.0

Tier 1 leverage ratio
 
7.00

 
6.87

 
5.0

 
4.0

Tangible common equity to tangible assets ratio (2)(3)
 
7.61

 
7.18

 
N/A  

 
N/A  

Tangible common equity to risk-weighted assets ratio (1)(2)(3)
 
12.40

 
11.75

 
N/A  

 
N/A  

 
 
 
(1)
Our risk-weighted assets at September 30, 2012 reflect a refinement in our determination of certain unfunded credit commitments related to the contractual borrowing base.
(2)
See below for a reconciliation of non-GAAP tangible common equity to tangible assets and tangible common equity to risk-weighted assets.

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(3)
The FRB has not issued any minimum guidelines for the tangible common equity to tangible assets ratio or the tangible common equity to risk-weighted assets ratio. However, we believe these ratios provide meaningful supplemental information regarding our capital levels and are therefore provided above.
Our total risk based capital (includes tier 1 and tier 2 capital components) ratios for both SVB Financial and the Bank increased compared to December 31, 2011 reflective of growth in retained earnings, largely offset by continued growth in assets. Additionally, during the third quarter of 2012, we refined our determination of certain unfunded credit commitments related to the contractual borrowing base, which increased these ratios by approximately 40 basis points. Our tier 1 leverage ratios for both SVB Financial and the Bank increased compared to December 31, 2011 due to growth in retained earnings and additional-paid-in-capital, the impact of which was partially offset by continued growth in assets. All of our capital ratios are above the levels to be considered “well capitalized”.
The tangible common equity to tangible assets ratio and the tangible common equity to risk-weighted assets ratios are not required by GAAP or applicable bank regulatory requirements. However, we believe these ratios provide meaningful supplemental information regarding our capital levels. Our management uses, and believes that investors benefit from referring to, these ratios in evaluating the adequacy of the Company’s capital levels; however, this financial measure should be considered in addition to, not as a substitute for or preferable to, comparable financial measures prepared in accordance with GAAP. These ratios are calculated by dividing total SVBFG stockholder’s equity, by total period-end assets and risk-weighted assets, after reducing both amounts by acquired intangibles, if any. The manner in which this ratio is calculated varies among companies. Accordingly, our ratio is not necessarily comparable to similar measures of other companies. The following table provides a reconciliation of non-GAAP financial measures with financial measures defined by GAAP:
 
 
SVB Financial
 
Bank
Non-GAAP tangible common equity and tangible assets (dollars in thousands, except ratios)
 
September 30,
2012
 
December 31,
2011
 
September 30,
2012
 
December 31,
2011
GAAP SVBFG stockholders’ equity
 
$
1,784,924

 
$
1,569,392

 
$
1,547,061

 
$
1,346,854

Less:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Intangible assets
 

 
601

 

 

Tangible common equity
 
$
1,784,924

 
$
1,568,791

 
$
1,547,061

 
$
1,346,854

GAAP Total assets
 
$
21,576,934

 
$
19,968,894

 
$
20,325,446

 
$
18,758,813

Less:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Intangible assets
 

 
601

 

 

Tangible assets
 
$
21,576,934

 
$
19,968,293

 
$
20,325,446

 
$
18,758,813

Risk-weighted assets (1)
 
$
12,812,798

 
$
11,837,902

 
$
12,478,371

 
$
11,467,401

Tangible common equity to tangible assets
 
8.27
%
 
7.86
%
 
7.61
%
 
7.18
%
Tangible common equity to risk-weighted assets
 
13.93

 
13.25

 
12.40

 
11.75

 
 
(1)
Our risk-weighted assets at September 30, 2012 reflect a refinement in our determination of risk rating for certain unfunded credit commitments related to the contractual borrowing base.
For both SVB Financial and the Bank, the tangible common equity to risk-weighted assets ratios increased due to an increase in retained earnings, an increase in accumulated other comprehensive income from increases in the fair value of our available-for-sale securities portfolio, and an increase in additional-paid-in-capital from stock option exercises, stock purchases under our ESPP plan, and ESOP contributions during the nine months ended September 30, 2012. This growth was partially offset by increases in both tangible and risk-weighted assets, which reflects our growth in period-end loan balances.
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
In the normal course of business, we use financial instruments with off-balance sheet risk to meet the financing needs of our customers. These financial instruments include commitments to extend credit, commercial and standby letters of credit and commitments to invest in venture capital and private equity fund investments. These instruments involve, to varying degrees, elements of credit risk. Credit risk is defined as the possibility of sustaining a loss because other parties to the financial instrument fail to perform in accordance with the terms of the contract. For details of our commitments to extend credit, and commercial and standby letters of credit, please refer to Note 11—“Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements, Guarantees, and Other Commitments” of the “Notes to Interim Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)” under Part I, Item 1 of this report.

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Commitments to Invest in Venture Capital/Private Equity Funds
We make commitments to invest in venture capital and private equity funds, which in turn make investments generally in, or in some cases make loans to, privately-held companies. Commitments to invest in these funds are generally made for a ten-year period from the inception of the fund. Although the limited partnership agreements governing these investments typically do not restrict the general partners from calling 100% of committed capital in one year, it is customary for these funds to generally call most of the capital commitments over five to seven years. The actual timing of future cash requirements to fund these commitments is generally dependent upon the investment cycle, overall market conditions, and the nature and type of industry in which the privately held companies operate.
For further details on our commitments to invest in private equity funds, refer to Note 11—“Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements, Guarantees, and Other Commitments” of the “Notes to Interim Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)” under Part I, Item 1 of this report.
Liquidity
The objective of liquidity management is to ensure that funds are available in a timely manner to meet our financial obligations, including, as necessary, paying creditors, meeting depositors’ needs, accommodating loan demand and growth, funding investments, repurchasing securities and other operating or capital needs, without incurring undue cost or risk, or causing a disruption to normal operating conditions.
We regularly assess the amount and likelihood of projected funding requirements through a review of factors such as historical deposit volatility and funding patterns, present and forecasted market and economic conditions, individual client funding needs, and existing and planned business activities. Our Asset/Liability Committee (“ALCO”), which is a management committee, provides oversight to the liquidity management process and recommends policy guidelines for the approval of the Finance Committee of our Board of Directors, and courses of action to address our actual and projected liquidity needs.
Our deposit base is, and historically has been, our primary source of liquidity. Our deposit levels and cost of deposits may fluctuate from time to time due to a variety of factors, including market conditions, prevailing interest rates, changes in client deposit behaviors, availability of insurance protection, and our offering of deposit products. At September 30, 2012, our period-end total deposit balances increased by $1.0 billion to $17.7 billion, compared to $16.7 billion at December 31, 2011. The overall increase in deposit balances was primarily due to the addition of new clients and increased fundraising activity by our venture capital/private equity clients.
Our liquidity requirements can also be met through the use of our portfolio of liquid assets. Our definition of liquid assets includes cash and cash equivalents in excess of the minimum levels necessary to carry out normal business operations, short-term investment securities maturing within one year, available-for-sale securities eligible and available for financing or pledging purposes with a maturity in excess of one year and anticipated near-term cash flows from investments.
On a stand-alone basis, SVB Financial’s primary liquidity channels include dividends from the Bank, its portfolio of liquid assets, and its ability to raise debt and capital. The ability of the Bank to pay dividends is subject to certain regulations described in “Business—Supervision and Regulation—Restriction on Dividends” under Part I, Item 1 of our 2011 Form 10-K.
Consolidated Summary of Cash Flows
Below is a summary of our average cash position and statement of cash flows for the nine months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011, respectively. Please refer to our Interim Statements of Cash Flows for the nine months ended September 30, 2012 and 2011 under Part I, Item 1 of this report for more details.
 
 
Nine months ended September 30,
(Dollars in thousands)
 
2012
 
2011
Average cash and cash equivalents
 
$
1,416,699

 
$
2,227,242

Percentage of total average assets
 
6.8
%
 
12.1
%
Net cash provided by operating activities
 
$
125,665

 
$
90,188

Net cash used for investing activities
 
(1,811,355
)
 
(2,445,892
)
Net cash provided by financing activities
 
1,477,422

 
1,321,244

Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents
 
$
(208,268
)
 
$
(1,034,460
)
Average cash and cash equivalents decreased by $0.8 billion to $1.4 billion for the nine months ended September 30, 2012, compared to $2.2 billion for the comparable 2011 period. The decrease was primarily due to the investment of cash and cash equivalents into available-for-sale securities and to fund loan growth.

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Cash provided by operating activities of $125.7 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2012 included strong operating income from the business and $33.3 million in net cash received from accounts receivable, partially offset by $40.6 million in net payouts of accrued compensation and $41.2 million to reduce our net foreign exchange spot contract position.
Cash used for investing activities of $1.8 billion for the nine months ended September 30, 2012 included $2.9 billion for purchases of available-for-sale securities, a $1.2 billion net increase in loans, $213.2 million for purchases of non-marketable securities and $31.5 million for purchases of premises and equipment. These cash outflows were partially offset by $2.4 billion from sales, maturities and paydowns of available-for-sale securities, $126.1 million from sales or distributions of non-marketable securities of and $8.0 million in recoveries from loans previously charged-off.
Cash provided by financing activities of $1.5 billion for the nine months ended September 30, 2012 included a $1.0 billion increase in deposits, $508.2 million from short-term borrowings, $64.0 million from capital contributions (net of distributions) from noncontrolling interests and $27.4 million from the issuance of common stock and ESPP. These cash inflows were offset by principal payments of $141.4 million upon maturity of our 5.70% Senior Notes.
Cash and cash equivalents at September 30, 2012 were $906.7 million, compared to $2.0 billion at September 30, 2011.

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ITEM 3.         QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
Interest Rate Risk Management
Market risk is defined as the risk of adverse fluctuations in the market value of financial instruments due to changes in market interest rates. Interest rate risk is our primary market risk and can result from timing and volume differences in the repricing of our rate-sensitive assets and liabilities, widening or tightening of credit spreads, changes in the general level of market interest rates and changes in the shape and level of the benchmark LIBOR/SWAP yield curve. Additionally, changes in interest rates can influence the rate of principal prepayments on mortgage securities which affects the rate of amortization of purchase premiums and discounts. Other market risks include foreign currency exchange risk and equity price risk. These risks are not considered significant and no separate quantitative information concerning them is presented herein.
Interest rate risk is managed by our ALCO. ALCO reviews the market valuation and 12-month forward looking earnings sensitivity of assets and liabilities to changes in interest rates, structural changes in investment and funding portfolios, loan and deposit activity and current market conditions. Adherence to relevant policies, which are approved by the Finance Committee of our Board of Directors, is monitored on an ongoing basis.
Management of interest rate risk is carried out primarily through strategies involving our available-for-sale securities, available funding channels and capital market activities. In addition, our policies permit the use of off-balance sheet derivative instruments to assist in managing interest rate risk.
We utilize a simulation model to perform sensitivity analysis on the economic value of equity and net interest income under a variety of interest rate scenarios, balance sheet forecasts and proposed strategies. The simulation model provides a dynamic assessment of interest rate sensitivity embedded in our balance sheet which measures the potential variability in forecasted results relating to changes in market interest rates over time. We review our interest rate risk position on a quarterly basis at a minimum.
Model Simulation and Sensitivity Analysis
One application of the aforementioned simulation model involves measurement of the impact of market interest rate changes on our economic value of equity (“EVE”). EVE is defined as the market value of assets, less the market value of liabilities, adjusted for any off-balance sheet items. A second application of the simulation model measures the impact of market interest rate changes on our net interest income (“NII”) assuming a static balance sheet as of the period-end reporting date. The market interest rate changes that affect us are principally short-term interest rates and include the following: (1) National Prime and SVB Prime rates (impacts the majority of our variable rate loans); (2) 1-month and 3-month LIBOR (impacts our variable rate available-for-sale securities, our 6.05% Subordinated Notes, and a portion of our variable rate loans); and (3) Fed Funds target rate (impacts cash and cash equivalents). Additionally, deposit pricing generally follows overall changes in short-term interest rates.
Effective January 1, 2012, we enhanced certain model assumptions related to the decay rates on our deposits with no stated maturity, such as noninterest-bearing demand deposits, interest-bearing checking accounts, money market accounts and interest-bearing sweep deposits. As a result we have recast prior period EVE and NII sensitivities to provide a more comparable basis for the current quarter’s analysis. The following table presents our EVE and NII sensitivity exposure at September 30, 2012 and December 31, 2011, related to an instantaneous and sustained parallel shift in market interest rates of 100 and 200 basis points.

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Estimated
 
Estimated Increase/
(Decrease) In EVE
 
Estimated
 
Estimated Increase/
(Decrease) In NII
Change in interest rates (basis points)
 
EVE
 
Amount
 
Percent
 
NII
 
Amount
 
Percent
 
 
(Dollars in thousands) 
September 30, 2012:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
+200
 
$
3,085,140

 
$
376,854

 
13.9

 
$
776,270

 
$
110,903

 
16.7
 %
+100
 
2,799,547

 
91,261

 
3.4

 
713,433

 
48,066

 
7.2

 
2,708,286

 

 

 
665,367

 

 

-100
 
2,888,214

 
179,928

 
6.6

 
636,084

 
(29,283
)
 
(4.4
)
-200
 
2,910,414

 
202,128

 
7.5

 
632,976

 
(32,391
)
 
(4.9
)
December 31, 2011:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
+200
 
$
3,003,465

 
$
508,947

 
20.4
%
 
$
735,740

 
$
106,717

 
17.0
 %
+100
 
2,729,000

 
234,482

 
9.4

 
671,880

 
42,857

 
6.8

 
2,494,518

 

 

 
629,023

 

 

-100
 
2,619,182

 
124,664

 
5.0

 
592,325

 
(36,698
)
 
(5.8
)
-200
 
2,626,452

 
131,934

 
5.3

 
583,214

 
(45,809
)
 
(7.3
)
Economic Value of Equity
The estimated EVE in the preceding table is based on a combination of valuation methodologies including a discounted cash flow analysis and a multi-path lattice based valuation. Both methodologies use publicly available market interest rates. The model simulations and calculations are highly assumption-dependent and will change regularly as our asset/liability structure changes, as interest rate environments evolve, and as we change our assumptions in response to relevant market or business circumstances. These calculations do not reflect the changes that we anticipate or may make to reduce our EVE exposure in response to a change in market interest rates as a part of our overall interest rate risk management strategy.
As with any method of measuring interest rate risk, certain limitations are inherent in the method of analysis presented in the preceding table. We are exposed to yield curve risk, prepayment risk and basis risk, which cannot be fully modeled and expressed using the above methodology. Accordingly, the results in the preceding table should not be relied upon as a precise indicator of actual results in the event of changing market interest rates. Additionally, the resulting EVE and NII estimates are not intended to represent, and should not be construed to represent the underlying value.
Our base case EVE at September 30, 2012 increased from December 31, 2011 by $213.8 million primarily due to the change in balance sheet mix, the growth in interest-earning assets and lower market yield curves. The asset growth was primarily due to an increase in loans and available-for-sale securities, which grew by $1.2 billion and $511.7 million, respectively. EVE sensitivity decreased in the simulated upward interest rate movement due to the addition of fixed rate available-for-sale securities and fixed rate loans, which partially offset the increase in deposits and variable rate loans. In the simulated downward interest rate movements, EVE sensitivity increased slightly due to the combined effects of lower yield curve and deposit rates being at or near their absolute floors thus muting the negative effects of the downward interest rate shocks.
12-Month Net Interest Income Simulation
Our expected 12-month NII at September 30, 2012 increased from December 31, 2011 by $36.3 million primarily due to growth of $1.2 billion in our loan portfolio. This growth was funded primarily by increases in deposit balances. NII sensitivity remained relatively unchanged in the simulated upward interest rate movements as the mix between our fixed and variable rate earning assets remained stable compared to December 31, 2011. In the simulated downward interest rate movements, the NII sensitivity decreased due to the current low rate environment as certain of our deposit and loan rates are at or near their floors and a decrease in variable-rate available-for-sale securities.
The simulation model used for above analysis embeds floors in our interest rate scenarios, which prevent model benchmark rates from moving below 0.0%. Current modeling assumptions maintain the SVB prime lending rate at its existing level (currently at 4.0%) until the National Prime Index has been adjusted upward by a minimum of 75 basis points (to 4.0%), as we did not lower the Bank’s prime lending rate despite the 75 basis points decrease in the target Federal Funds rates in December 2008. These assumptions may change in future periods based on management discretion. Actual changes in our deposit pricing strategies may differ from our current model assumptions and may have an impact on our overall sensitivity.

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ITEM 4. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
Disclosure Controls and Procedures
Disclosure controls and procedures are the controls and other procedures that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in the reports that we file or submit under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”) is recorded, processed, summarized, and reported within the time periods specified in SEC rules and forms. Disclosure controls and procedures include, among other things, processes, controls and procedures designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in the reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to management, including the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.
We carried out an evaluation, under the supervision and with the participation of management, including the Chief Executive Officer and the Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures as of our most recently completed fiscal quarter, pursuant to Exchange Act Rule 13a-15(b). Based upon this evaluation, the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer have concluded that, as of the end of the period covered by this report, the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures were effective.
Changes in Internal Control
There were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting identified in management’s evaluation pursuant to Rules 13a-15(d) or 15d-15(d) of the Exchange Act during the period covered by this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q that materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
PART II–OTHER INFORMATION
ITEM 1. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
Please refer to Note 14–“Legal Matters” of the “Notes to Interim Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)” under Part I, Item 1 of this report.
ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS
There are no material changes from the risk factors set forth in our 2011 Form 10-K.
ITEM 2. UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS
Recent Sales of Unregistered Securities
None.
Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities
None.
ITEM 3. DEFAULTS UPON SENIOR SECURITIES
None.
ITEM 4. MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES
Not applicable.
ITEM 5. OTHER INFORMATION
None.
ITEM 6. EXHIBITS
See Index to Exhibits at end of report.

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SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
 
 
  
SVB Financial Group
 
 
Date: November 9, 2012
  
/s/ MICHAEL DESCHENEAUX
 
  
Michael Descheneaux
 
  
Chief Financial Officer
 
  
(Principal Financial Officer)
 
 
 
  
SVB Financial Group
 
 
Date: November 9, 2012
  
/s/ KAMRAN HUSAIN
 
  
Kamran Husain
 
  
Chief Accounting Officer
 
  
(Principal Accounting Officer)

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INDEX TO EXHIBITS
 
Exhibit
Number    
 
Exhibit Description
 
Incorporated by Reference
 
 Filed
 Herewith  
Form
 
File No.
 
Exhibit  
 
Filing Date
 
3.1
 
Restated Certificate of Incorporation
 
8-K
 
000-15637
 
3.1
 
May 31, 2005
 
 
3.2
 
Amended and Restated Bylaws
 
8-K
 
000-15637
 
3.2
 
July 27, 2010
 
 
3.3
 
Certificate of Designation of Rights, Preferences and Privileges of Series A Participating Preferred Stock
 
8-K
 
000-15637
 
3.3
 
December 8, 2008
 
 
3.4
 
Certificate of Designations of Fixed Rate Cumulative Perpetual Preferred Stock, Series B
 
8-K
 
000-15637
 
3.4
 
December 15, 2008
 
 
4.1
 
Junior Subordinated Indenture, dated as of October 30, 2003 between SVB Financial and Wilmington Trust Company, as trustee
 
8-K
 
000-15637
 
4.12
 
November 19, 2003
 
 
4.2
 
7.0% Junior Subordinated Deferrable Interest Debenture due October 15, 2033 of SVB Financial
 
8-K
 
000-15637
 
4.13
 
November 19, 2003
 
 
4.3
 
Amended and Restated Trust Agreement, dated as of October 30, 2003, by and among SVB Financial as depositor, Wilmington Trust Company as property trustee, Wilmington Trust Company as Delaware trustee, and the Administrative Trustees named therein
 
8-K
 
000-15637
 
4.14
 
November 19, 2003
 
 
4.4
 
Certificate Evidencing 7% Cumulative Trust Preferred Securities of SVB Capital II, dated October 30, 2003
 
8-K
 
000-15637
 
4.15
 
November 19, 2003
 
 
4.5
 
Guarantee Agreement, dated October 30, 2003, between SVB Financial and Wilmington Trust Company, as trustee
 
8-K
 
000-15637
 
4.16
 
November 19, 2003
 
 
4.6
 
Agreement as to Expenses and Liabilities, dated as of October 30, 2003, between SVB Financial and SVB Capital II
 
8-K
 
000-15637
 
4.17
 
November 19, 2003
 
 
4.7
 
Certificate Evidencing 7% Common Securities of SVB Capital II, dated October 30, 2003
 
8-K
 
000-15637
 
4.18
 
November 19, 2003
 
 
4.8
 
Officers’ Certificate and Company Order, dated October 30, 2003, relating to the 7.0% Junior Subordinated Deferrable Interest Debentures due October 15, 2033
 
8-K
 
000-15637
 
4.19
 
November 19, 2003
 
 
4.9
 
Amended and Restated Preferred Stock Rights Agreement, dated as of January 29, 2004, between SVB Financial and Wells Fargo Bank Minnesota, N.A.
 
8-A12G/A
 
000-15637
 
4.20
 
February 27, 2004
 
 
4.10
 
Amendment No. 1 to Amended & Restated Preferred Stock Rights Agreement, dated as of August 2, 2004, by and between SVB Financial and Wells Fargo Bank, N.A.
 
8-A12G/A
 
000-15637
 
4.13
 
August 3, 2004
 
 
4.11
 
Amendment No. 2 to Amended & Restated Preferred Stock Rights Agreement, dated as of January 29, 2008, by and between SVB Financial and Wells Fargo Bank, N.A.
 
8-A/A
 
000-15637
 
4.14
 
January 29, 2008
 
 
4.12
 
Amendment No. 3 to Amended and Restated Preferred Stock Rights Agreement, dated as of April 30, 2008, by and between SVB Financial and Wells Fargo Bank, N.A
 
8-A/A
 
000-15637
 
4.20
 
April 30, 2008
 
 

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Exhibit
Number    
 
Exhibit Description
 
Incorporated by Reference
 
 Filed
 Herewith  
Form
 
File No.
 
Exhibit  
 
Filing Date
 
4.13
 
Amendment No. 4 to Amended and Restated Preferred Stock Rights Agreement, dated as of January 15, 2010, by and between SVB Financial, Wells Fargo Bank, N.A. and American Stock Transfer & Trust Company, LLC
 
8-A/A
 
000-15637
 
4.22
 
January 19, 2010
 
 
4.14
 
Indenture, dated September 20, 2010, by and between SVB Financial Group and U.S. Bank National Association, as trustee
 
8-K
 
000-15637
 
4.1
 
September 20, 2010
 
 
4.15
 
Form of 5.375% Senior Note due 2020
 
8-K
 
000-15637
 
4.2
 
September 20, 2010
 
 
31.1
 
Rule 13a-14(a) / 15(d)-14(a) Certification of Principal Executive Officer
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
X
31.2
 
Rule 13a-14(a) / 15(d)-14(a) Certification of Principal Financial Officer
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
X
32.1
 
Section 1350 Certifications
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
**
101.INS
 
XBRL Instance Document
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
X
101.SCH
 
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
X
101.CAL
 
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
X
101.DEF
 
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
X
101.LAB
 
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
X
101.PRE
 
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
X
*
Denotes management contract or any compensatory plan, contract or arrangement.
**
Furnished herewith

89