bxs033112.htm
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C.  20549
________________________________________

FORM 10-Q
(Mark One)
 X
QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2012

OR

 
TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from ________________    to    ________________

Commission File Number:  001-12991
 

BANCORPSOUTH, INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Mississippi
64-0659571
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)
(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
   
One Mississippi Plaza, 201 South Spring Street          Tupelo, Mississippi
 
38804
(Address of principal executive offices)
(Zip Code)

Registrant's telephone number, including area code:  (662) 680-2000

NOT APPLICABLE
 (Former name, former address, and former fiscal year, if changed since last report)

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant:  (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.
Yes  [X]   No [  ]

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).  [X] Yes [  ] No

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company.  See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.  (Check One):  Large accelerated filer [X]  Accelerated filer [  ]  Non-accelerated filer (Do not check if a smaller reporting company) [  ]  Smaller reporting company [  ]

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes [  ] No [X] 
 
 
As of May 1, 2012, the registrant had outstanding 94,436,177 shares of common stock, par value $2.50 per share.
 
 
1

 

 BANCORPSOUTH, INC.
TABLE OF CONTENTS

PART I.
       Financial Information
Page
 
ITEM 1.
Financial Statements
 
   
Consolidated Balance Sheets March 31, 2012  and 2011 (Unaudited) and December 31, 2011
3
   
Consolidated Statements of Operations (Unaudited) Three Months Ended March 31, 2012 and 2011
4
   
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income
Three Months Ended March 31, 2012 and 2011
5
   
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (Unaudited) Three Months Ended March 31, 2012  and 2011
6
   
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
7
 
ITEM 2.
Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial
 
   
Condition and Results of Operations
35
 
ITEM 3.
Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
67
 
ITEM 4.
Controls and Procedures
67
       
PART II.
 
Other Information
 
 
ITEM 1.
Legal Proceedings
68
 
ITEM 1A.
Risk Factors
69
 
ITEM 5.
Other Information
69
 
ITEM 6.
Exhibits
69

 
2

 



PART I.
 
FINANCIAL INFORMATION
 
                   
ITEM 1.  FINANCIAL STATEMENTS.
                 
                   
BANCORPSOUTH, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
 
Consolidated Balance Sheets
 
                   
   
March 31,
   
December 31,
   
March 31,
 
   
2012
   
2011
   
2011
 
   
(Unaudited)
      (1)    
(Unaudited)
 
   
(Dollars in thousands, except per share amounts)
 
ASSETS
                   
Cash and due from banks
  $ 184,441     $ 195,681     $ 146,989  
Interest bearing deposits with other banks
    665,675       303,663       102,312  
Held-to-maturity securities, at amortized cost
    -       -       1,667,203  
Available-for-sale securities, at fair value
    2,573,535       2,513,518       1,145,463  
 Federal funds sold and securities purchased under agreement to resell
    -       -       150,000  
Loans and leases
    8,777,538       8,911,258       9,255,609  
  Less:  Unearned income
    39,615       40,947       41,773  
            Allowance for credit losses
    181,777       195,118       198,333  
Net loans
    8,556,146       8,675,193       9,015,503  
Loans held for sale
    110,294       83,458       56,876  
Premises and equipment, net
    321,720       323,383       329,862  
Accrued interest receivable
    50,008       51,266       61,105  
Goodwill
    271,297       271,297       271,297  
Bank-owned life insurance
    202,698       200,085       194,988  
Other real estate owned
    167,808       173,805       136,412  
Other assets
    203,950       204,502       269,228  
TOTAL ASSETS
  $ 13,307,572     $ 12,995,851     $ 13,547,238  
                         
LIABILITIES
                       
Deposits:
                       
  Demand:  Noninterest bearing
  $ 2,260,012     $ 2,269,799     $ 2,027,990  
                  Interest bearing
    4,897,585       4,706,825       5,023,073  
  Savings
    1,067,256       991,702       932,574  
  Other time
    2,857,469       2,986,863       3,480,477  
Total deposits
    11,082,322       10,955,189       11,464,114  
 Federal funds purchased and securities sold under agreement to repurchase
    401,089       373,933       421,782  
Short-term Federal Home Loan Bank and
                       
   other short-term borrowings
    1,500       1,500       2,715  
Accrued interest payable
    7,652       8,644       13,238  
Junior subordinated debt securities
    160,312       160,312       160,312  
Long-term Federal Home Loan Bank borrowings
    33,500       33,500       110,000  
Other liabilities
    228,998       199,861       164,016  
TOTAL LIABILITIES
    11,915,373       11,732,939       12,336,177  
                         
SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY
                       
Common stock, $2.50 par value per share
Authorized - 500,000,000 shares; Issued - 94,436,177,
83,483,796 and 83,481,737 shares, respectively
    236,090        208,709        208,704   
Capital surplus
    309,426       227,567       225,597  
Accumulated other comprehensive loss
    (4,136 )     (2,261 )     (16,579 )
Retained earnings
    850,819       828,897       793,339  
TOTAL SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY
    1,392,199       1,262,912       1,211,061  
TOTAL LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY
  $ 13,307,572     $ 12,995,851     $ 13,547,238  
                         
(1)  Derived from audited financial statements.
                       
                         
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
                 

 
3

 

 
 
BANCORPSOUTH, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
 
Consolidated Statements of Operations
 
(Unaudited)
 
             
   
Three months ended
 
   
March 31,
 
   
2012
   
2011
 
   
(In thousands, except for per share amounts)
 
INTEREST REVENUE:
           
Loans and leases
  $ 109,012     $ 117,358  
Deposits with other banks
    401       122  
Federal funds sold and securities purchased under agreement to resell
    -       131  
Held-to-maturity securities:
               
  Taxable
    -       8,014  
  Tax-exempt
    -       3,347  
Available-for-sale securities:
               
  Taxable
    11,162       8,585  
  Tax-exempt
    4,256       824  
Loans held for sale
    544       447  
  Total interest revenue
    125,375       138,828  
                 
INTEREST EXPENSE:
               
Deposits:
               
  Interest bearing demand
    4,449       6,546  
  Savings
    714       826  
  Other time
    11,291       17,483  
                 
Federal funds purchased and securities sold under agreement to repurchase
    63       152  
Federal Home Loan Bank borrowings
    367       1,523  
Junior subordinated debt
    2,879       2,859  
Other
    2       2  
  Total interest expense
    19,765       29,391  
  Net interest revenue
    105,610       109,437  
Provision for credit losses
    10,000       53,479  
   Net interest revenue, after provision for credit losses
    95,610       55,958  
                 
NONINTEREST REVENUE:
               
Mortgage lending
    15,142       7,581  
Credit card, debit card and merchant fees
    7,523       10,346  
Service charges
    15,116       15,368  
Trust income
    2,282       3,134  
Security gains, net
    74       17  
Insurance commissions
    23,153       22,549  
Other
    9,070       9,316  
  Total noninterest revenue
    72,360       68,311  
                 
NONINTEREST EXPENSE:
               
Salaries and employee benefits
    74,931       70,375  
Occupancy, net of rental income
    10,066       10,671  
Equipment
    5,333       5,658  
Deposit insurance assessments
    5,383       5,425  
Other
    39,967       37,881  
  Total noninterest expense
    135,680       130,010  
  Income (loss) before income taxes
    32,290       (5,741 )
Income tax expense (benefit)
    9,424       (5,247 )
  Net income (loss)
  $ 22,866     $ (494 )
                 
Earnings (loss) per share:  Basic
  $ 0.25     $ (0.01 )
                                        Diluted
  $ 0.25     $ (0.01 )
                 
Dividends declared per common share
  $ 0.01     $ 0.11  
                 
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
         
 

 
 
4

 
 
 
BANCORPSOUTH, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
 
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income
 
             
   
Three months ended
 
   
March 31,
 
   
2012
   
2011
 
   
(In thousands)
 
Net income (loss)
  $ 22,866     $ (494 )
                 
Other comprehensive loss, net of tax
               
Unrealized losses on securities, net of tax
    (2,953 )     (2,517 )
Pension and other postretirement benefits
    1,078       391  
Other comprehensive loss
    (1,875 )     (2,126 )
Comprehensive income
  $ 20,991     $ (2,620 )
 
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
               

 
5

 
 
 
BANCORPSOUTH, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
 
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
 
(Unaudited)
 
   
Three months ended
 
   
March 31,
 
   
2012
   
2011
 
   
(In thousands)
       
Operating Activities:
           
Net income
  $ 22,866     $ (494 )
  Adjustment to reconcile net income to net
               
    cash provided by operating activities:
               
      Provision for credit losses
    10,000       53,479  
      Depreciation and amortization
    6,832       7,476  
      Deferred taxes
    -       (145 )
      Amortization of intangibles
    763       854  
      Amortization of debt securities premium and discount, net
    2,820       1,813  
      Share-based compensation expense
    562       617  
      Security gains, net
    (74 )     (17 )
      Net deferred loan origination expense
    (2,006 )     (2,127 )
      Excess tax benefit from exercise of stock options
    -       (4 )
      Decrease (increase) in interest receivable
    1,258       (80 )
      Decrease in interest payable
    (992 )     (1,098 )
      Realized gain on mortgages sold
    (11,879 )     (7,486 )
      Proceeds from mortgages sold
    376,931       244,030  
      Origination of mortgages held for sale
    (395,149 )     (202,796 )
      Increase in bank-owned life insurance
    (2,612 )     (924 )
      Decrease (increase) in prepaid pension asset
    465       (93 )
      Decrease in prepaid deposit insurance assessments
    5,187       4,887  
      Other, net
    29,584       (18,026 )
Net cash provided by operating activities
    44,556       79,866  
Investing activities:
               
Proceeds from calls and maturities of held-to-maturity securities
    -       88,896  
Proceeds from calls and maturities of available-for-sale securities
    131,578       22,576  
Purchases of held-to-maturity securities
    -       (143,549 )
Purchases of available-for-sale securities
    (199,404 )     (77,349 )
Net decrease in loans and leases
    117,050       66,339  
Purchases of premises and equipment
    (5,925 )     (4,453 )
Proceeds from sale of premises and equipment
    906       17  
Contingency earn-out payment
    -       (1,200 )
Other, net
    (8 )     (16 )
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities
    44,197       (48,739 )
Financing activities:
               
Net increase (decrease) in deposits
    127,133       (25,907 )
Net increase (decrease) in short-term debt and other liabilities
    27,153       (18,826 )
Issuance of common stock
    108,677       -  
Excess tax benefit from exercise of stock options
    -       4  
Payment of cash dividends
    (944 )     (9,183 )
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities
    262,019       (53,912 )
                 
Increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents
    350,772       (22,785 )
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period
    499,344       272,086  
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period
  $ 850,116     $ 249,301  
                 
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
               


 
6

 


BANCORPSOUTH, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
(Unaudited)

NOTE 1 – BASIS OF FINANCIAL STATEMENT PRESENTATION AND PRINCIPLES OF CONSOLIDATION

The accompanying unaudited interim consolidated financial statements of BancorpSouth, Inc. (the “Company”) have been prepared in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”) and follow general practices within the industries in which the Company operates.  For further information, refer to the audited consolidated financial statements and notes included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2011.  In the opinion of management, all adjustments necessary for a fair presentation of the consolidated financial statements have been included and all such adjustments were of a normal, recurring nature.  The results of operations for the three-month period ended March 31, 2012 are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for the full year.  Certain 2011 amounts have been reclassified to conform with the 2012 presentation.
The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company, its wholly-owned subsidiaries, BancorpSouth Bank (the “Bank”) and Gumtree Wholesale Insurance Brokers, Inc., and the Bank’s wholly-owned subsidiaries, Century Credit Life Insurance Company, Personal Finance Corporation of Tennessee, BancorpSouth Insurance Services, Inc., BancorpSouth Investment Services, Inc., BancorpSouth Municipal Development Corporation and BancorpSouth Bank Securities Corporation.

NOTE 2 – LOANS AND LEASES

The Company’s loan and lease portfolio is disaggregated into the following segments:  commercial and industrial; real estate; credit card; and all other loans and leases.  The real estate segment is further disaggregated into the following classes:  consumer mortgage; home equity; agricultural; commercial and industrial-owner occupied; construction, acquisition and development; and commercial real estate.  A summary of gross loans and leases by segment and class as of the dates indicated follows:


   
March 31,
   
December 31,
 
   
2012
   
2011
   
2011
 
   
(In thousands)
 
                   
Commercial and industrial
  $ 1,452,492     $ 1,497,380     $ 1,484,967  
Real estate
                       
   Consumer mortgages
    1,937,997       1,958,367       1,945,190  
   Home equity
    501,331       531,406       514,362  
   Agricultural
    256,683       250,393       239,487  
   Commercial and industrial-owner occupied
    1,287,542       1,316,824       1,301,575  
   Construction, acquisition and development
    858,110       1,117,335       908,362  
   Commercial real estate
    1,742,001       1,831,226       1,754,022  
Credit cards
    100,527       100,732       106,281  
All other
    640,855       651,946       657,012  
     Total
  $ 8,777,538     $ 9,255,609     $ 8,911,258  



 
7

 
 
The following table shows the Company’s  loans and leases, net of unearned income, as of March 31, 2012 by segment, class and geographical location:


   
Alabama
and Florida
Panhandle
   
Arkansas*
   
Mississippi*
   
Missouri
   
Greater
Memphis
Area
   
Tennessee*
   
Texas and
Louisiana
   
Other
   
Total
 
   
(In thousands)
       
Commercial and industrial
  $ 56,958     $ 165,503     $ 333,153     $ 51,881     $ 16,991     $ 78,288     $ 249,569     $ 489,384     $ 1,441,727  
Real estate
                                                                       
   Consumer
mortgages
    108,285       270,476       757,160       55,566       82,585       166,615       444,094       53,216       1,937,997  
   Home equity
    57,995       39,922       170,628       24,849       67,484       75,894       62,253       2,306       501,331  
   Agricultural
    5,775       83,839       72,900       3,937       9,262       13,199       62,470       5,301       256,683  
   Commercial and industrial-owner occupied
    114,985       166,065       453,201       68,002       95,874       95,133       244,967       49,315       1,287,542  
   Construction, acquisition and development
    104,362       69,566       244,459       48,115       95,198       92,608       185,781       18,021       858,110  
   Commercial real estate
    203,365       342,591       342,816       219,999       115,186       101,142       362,700       54,202       1,742,001  
Credit cards
    -       -       -       -       -       -       -       100,527       100,527  
All other
    31,347       88,646       195,309       5,662       57,105       47,204       95,521       91,211       612,005  
     Total
  $ 683,072     $ 1,226,608     $ 2,569,626     $ 478,011     $ 539,685     $ 670,083     $ 1,707,355     $ 863,483     $ 8,737,923  
* Excludes the Greater Memphis Area.
 

The Company’s loan concentrations which exceed 10% of total loans are reflected in the preceding tables.  A substantial portion of construction, acquisition and development loans are secured by real estate in markets in which the Company is located.  The Company’s general loan policy prohibits the use of interest reserves on loans originated after March 2010.  Certain of the construction, acquisition and development loans were structured with interest-only terms.  A portion of the consumer mortgage and commercial real estate portfolios originated through the permanent financing of construction, acquisition and development loans.  The prolonged economic downturn has negatively impacted many borrowers’ and guarantors’ ability to make payments under the terms of the loans as their liquidity has been depleted.  Accordingly, the ultimate collectability of a substantial portion of these loans and the recovery of a substantial portion of the carrying amount of other real estate owned are susceptible to changes in real estate values in the corresponding market areas.  Continued economic distress could negatively impact additional borrowers’ and guarantors’ ability to repay their debt which would make more of the Company’s loans collateral dependent.
The following tables provide details regarding the aging of the Company’s loan and lease portfolio, net of unearned income, by segment and class at March 31, 2012 and December 31, 2011:


   
March 31, 2012
 
   
30-59 Days
Past Due
   
60-89 Days
Past Due
   
90+ Days
Past Due
   
Total
Past Due
   
Current
   
Total
Outstanding
   
90+ Days
Past Due still
Accruing
 
   
(In thousands)
 
Commercial and industrial
  $ 3,831     $ 1,511     $ 3,392     $ 8,734     $ 1,432,993     $ 1,441,727     $ 10  
Real estate
                                                       
   Consumer mortgages
    10,482       4,776       17,830       33,088       1,904,909       1,937,997       1,314  
   Home equity
    1,832       769       288       2,889       498,442       501,331       -  
   Agricultural
    638       25       1,518       2,181       254,502       256,683       -  
   Commercial and industrial-owner occupied
    2,493       1,601       8,603       12,697       1,274,845       1,287,542       -  
   Construction, acquisition and development
    9,860       331       16,142       26,333       831,777       858,110       -  
   Commercial real estate
    5,165       1,540       8,979       15,684       1,726,317       1,742,001       -  
Credit cards
    377       360       587       1,324       99,203       100,527       228  
All other
    1,740       359       372       2,471       609,534       612,005       146  
     Total
  $ 36,418     $ 11,272     $ 57,711     $ 105,401     $ 8,632,522     $ 8,737,923     $ 1,698  

 
8

 

   
December 31, 2011
 
   
30-59 Days
Past Due
   
60-89 Days
Past Due
   
90+ Days
Past Due
   
Total
Past Due
   
Current
   
Total
Outstanding
   
90+ Days
Past Due still
Accruing
 
   
(In thousands)
 
Commercial and industrial
  $ 5,571     $ 4,209     $ 4,193     $ 13,973     $ 1,459,755     $ 1,473,728     $ 12  
Real estate
                                                       
   Consumer mortgages
    15,740       6,485       14,569       36,794       1,908,396       1,945,190       2,974  
   Home equity
    1,837       265       594       2,696       511,666       514,362       -  
   Agricultural
    666       54       719       1,439       238,048       239,487       -  
   Commercial and industrial-owner occupied
    2,199       844       12,977       16,020       1,285,555       1,301,575       -  
   Construction, acquisition and development
    4,826       4,955       33,584       43,365       864,997       908,362       -  
   Commercial real estate
    3,778       2,702       9,397       15,877       1,738,145       1,754,022       -  
Credit cards
    595       303       697       1,595       104,686       106,281       299  
All other
    2,124       390       1,579       4,093       623,211       627,304       149  
     Total
  $ 37,336     $ 20,207     $ 78,309     $ 135,852     $ 8,734,459     $ 8,870,311     $ 3,434  

The Company utilizes an internal loan classification system to grade loans according to certain credit quality indicators.  These credit quality indicators include, but are not limited to, recent credit performance, delinquency, liquidity, cash flows, debt coverage ratios, collateral type and loan-to-value ratio.  The Company’s internal loan classification system is compatible with classifications used by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, as well as other regulatory agencies.  Loans may be classified as follows:

Pass:  Loans which are performing as agreed with few or no signs of weakness.  These loans show sufficient cash flow, capital and collateral to repay the loan as agreed.  Borrowers for these loans include well capitalized public corporations.

Special Mention:  Loans where potential weaknesses have developed which could cause a more serious problem if not corrected.

Substandard:  Loans where well-defined weaknesses exist that require corrective action to prevent further deterioration.

Doubtful:  Loans having all the characteristics of Substandard and which have deteriorated to a point where collection and liquidation in full is highly questionable.

Loss:  Loans that are considered uncollectible or with limited possible recovery.

Impaired:  Loans for which it is probable that the Company will be unable to collect all amounts due according to the contractual terms of the loan agreement and for which a specific impairment reserve has been considered.


 
9

 
 
The following tables provide details of the Company’s loan and lease portfolio, net of unearned income, by segment, class and internally assigned grade at March 31, 2012 and December 31, 2011:


   
March 31, 2012
 
   
Pass
   
Special
Mention
   
Substandard
   
Doubtful
   
Loss
   
Impaired
   
Total
 
   
(In thousands)
 
Commercial and industrial
  $ 1,376,983     $ 6,449     $ 47,783     $ 4,159     $ 247     $ 6,106     $ 1,441,727  
Real estate
                                                       
  Consumer mortgage
    1,729,187       23,918       151,679       4,351       446       28,416       1,937,997  
  Home equity
    476,300       2,793       19,626       754       275       1,583       501,331  
  Agricultural
    229,865       1,936       21,763       20       -       3,099       256,683  
  Commercial and industrial-owner occupied
    1,151,368       24,662       83,041       230       89       28,152       1,287,542  
  Construction, acquisition and development
    601,396       22,939       121,556       956       -       111,263       858,110  
  Commercial real estate
    1,491,021       47,535       171,891       72       -       31,482       1,742,001  
Credit Cards
    100,527       -       -       -       -       -       100,527  
All other
    575,399       16,685       18,222       678       10       1,011       612,005  
    Total
  $ 7,732,046     $ 146,917     $ 635,561     $ 11,220     $ 1,067     $ 211,112     $ 8,737,923  
 

 
   
December 31, 2011
 
   
Pass
   
Special
Mention
   
Substandard
   
Doubtful
   
Loss
   
Impaired
   
Total
 
   
(In thousands)
 
Commercial and industrial
  $ 1,415,731     $ 4,947     $ 43,549     $ 1,263     $ 405     $ 7,833     $ 1,473,728  
Real estate
                                                       
  Consumer mortgage
    1,742,593       17,914       148,267       4,434       189       31,793       1,945,190  
  Home equity
    492,235       2,775       17,050       1,134       493       675       514,362  
  Agricultural
    213,280       3,795       19,296       20       -       3,096       239,487  
  Commercial and industrial-owner occupied
    1,167,220       18,280       90,778       496       -       24,801       1,301,575  
  Construction, acquisition and development
    619,497       23,429       136,412       845       -       128,179       908,362  
  Commercial real estate
    1,501,196       37,409       179,295       -       -       36,122       1,754,022  
Credit Cards
    105,867       41       175       188       10       -       106,281  
All other
    587,970       16,104       20,263       470       73       2,424       627,304  
    Total
  $ 7,845,589     $ 124,694     $ 655,085     $ 8,850     $ 1,170     $ 234,923     $ 8,870,311  

 
 
10

 

The following tables provide details regarding impaired loans and leases, net of unearned income, by segment and class at March 31, 2012 and December 31, 2011:


   
March 31, 2012
 
   
Recorded
Investment
in Impaired
Loans
   
Unpaid
Principal
Balance of
Impaired
Loans
   
Related
Allowance
for Credit
Losses
   
Average
Recorded
Investment
   
Interest
Income
Recognized
 
   
(In thousands)
 
With no related allowance:
                             
Commercial and industrial
  $ 4,931     $ 5,684     $ -     $ 3,466     $ 38  
Real estate
                                       
  Consumer mortgage
    14,610       18,635       -       13,178       88  
  Home equity
    874       1,017       -       711       2  
  Agricultural
    1,718       2,895       -       1,602       17  
  Commercial and industrial-owner occupied
    16,390       21,261       -       9,438       98  
  Construction, acquisition and development
    64,770       90,905       -       60,417       348  
  Commercial real estate
    16,947       27,306       -       16,122       154  
All other
    723       1,035       -       788       6  
    Total
  $ 120,963     $ 168,738     $ -     $ 105,722     $ 751  
                                         
With an allowance:
                                       
Commercial and industrial
  $ 1,175     $ 1,293     $ 1,548     $ 3,783     $ 36  
Real estate
                                       
  Consumer mortgage
    13,806       14,867       3,977       17,469       170  
  Home equity
    709       709       178       258       -  
  Agricultural
    1,381       1,422       386       1,483       -  
  Commercial and industrial-owner occupied
    11,762       12,299       3,051       16,334       73  
  Construction, acquisition and development
    46,493       51,180       11,736       60,877       500  
  Commercial real estate
    14,535       15,616       4,410       18,416       148  
All other
    288       359       260       327       6  
    Total
  $ 90,149     $ 97,745     $ 25,546     $ 118,947     $ 933  
                                         
Total:
                                       
Commercial and industrial
  $ 6,106     $ 6,977     $ 1,548     $ 7,249     $ 74  
Real estate
                                       
  Consumer mortgage
    28,416       33,502       3,977       30,647       258  
  Home equity
    1,583       1,726       178       969       2  
  Agricultural
    3,099       4,317       386       3,085       17  
  Commercial and industrial-owner occupied
    28,152       33,560       3,051       25,772       171  
  Construction, acquisition and development
    111,263       142,085       11,736       121,294       848  
  Commercial real estate
    31,482       42,922       4,410       34,538       302  
All other
    1,011       1,394       260       1,115       12  
    Total
  $ 211,112     $ 266,483     $ 25,546     $ 224,669     $ 1,684  


 
11

 

   
December 31, 2011
 
   
Recorded
Investment
in Impaired
Loans
   
Unpaid
Principal
Balance of
Impaired
Loans
   
Related
Allowance
for Credit
Losses
   
Average
Recorded
Investment
   
Interest
Income
Recognized
 
   
(In thousands)
 
With no related allowance:
                             
Commercial and industrial
  $ 4,874     $ 6,854     $ -     $ 3,879     $ 78  
Real estate
                                       
  Consumer mortgage
    16,883       19,538       -       19,628       397  
  Home equity
    627       771       -       541       1  
  Agricultural
    1,549       2,676       -       2,502       20  
  Commercial and industrial-owner occupied
    6,973       9,191       -       11,598       185  
  Construction, acquisition and development
    69,843       89,782       -       107,596       941  
  Commercial real estate
    15,184       24,198       -       20,702       311  
All other
    1,284       1,668       -       1,169       67  
    Total
  $ 117,217     $ 154,678     $ -     $ 167,615     $ 2,000  
                                         
With an allowance:
                                       
Commercial and industrial
  $ 2,959     $ 3,301     $ 4,071     $ 3,558     $ 49  
Real estate
                                       
  Consumer mortgage
    14,910       16,224       4,386       14,960       323  
  Home equity
    48       276       48       504       3  
  Agricultural
    1,547       1,547       380       3,164       18  
  Commercial and industrial-owner occupied
    17,828       21,085       3,601       10,329       146  
  Construction, acquisition and development
    58,336       67,426       21,581       80,957       1,651  
  Commercial real estate
    20,938       21,422       5,324       27,210       851  
All other
    1,140       1,140       317       1,307       8  
    Total
  $ 117,706     $ 132,421     $ 39,708     $ 141,989     $ 3,049  
                                         
Total:
                                       
Commercial and industrial
  $ 7,833     $ 10,155     $ 4,071     $ 7,437     $ 127  
Real estate
                                       
  Consumer mortgage
    31,793       35,762       4,386       34,588       720  
  Home equity
    675       1,047       48       1,045       4  
  Agricultural
    3,096       4,223       380       5,666       38  
  Commercial and industrial-owner occupied
    24,801       30,276       3,601       21,927       331  
  Construction, acquisition and development
    128,179       157,208       21,581       188,553       2,592  
  Commercial real estate
    36,122       45,620       5,324       47,912       1,162  
All other
    2,424       2,808       317       2,476       75  
    Total
  $ 234,923     $ 287,099     $ 39,708     $ 309,604     $ 5,049  


 
12

 


The following tables provide details regarding impaired real estate construction, acquisition and development loans and leases, net of unearned income, by collateral type at March 31, 2012 and December 31, 2011:


   
March 31, 2012
 
   
Recorded
Investment
in Impaired
Loans
   
Unpaid
Principal
Balance of
Impaired
Loans
   
Related
Allowance
for Credit
Losses
   
Average
Recorded
Investment
   
Interest
Income
Recognized
 
   
(In thousands)
 
With no related allowance:
                             
Multi-family construction
  $ -     $ -     $ -     $ -     $ -  
One-to-four family construction
    8,174       11,563       -       6,703       56  
Recreation and all other loans
    367       539       -       368       7  
Commercial construction
    3,241       4,088       -       1,522       34  
Commercial acquisition and development
    11,927       14,213       -       12,845       77  
Residential acquisition and development
    41,061       60,502       -       38,979       174  
    Total
  $ 64,770     $ 90,905     $ -     $ 60,417     $ 348  
                                         
With an allowance:
                                       
Multi-family construction
  $ -     $ -     $ -     $ -     $ -  
One-to-four family construction
    3,085       3,085       441       5,550       35  
Recreation and all other loans
    -       -       -       -       -  
Commercial construction
    318       839       95       2,395       8  
Commercial acquisition and development
    9,888       10,028       1,598       10,346       71  
Residential acquisition and development
    33,202       37,228       9,602       42,586       386  
    Total
  $ 46,493     $ 51,180     $ 11,736     $ 60,877     $ 500  
                                         
Total:
                                       
Multi-family construction
  $ -     $ -     $ -     $ -     $ -  
One-to-four family construction
    11,259       14,648       441       12,253       91  
Recreation and all other loans
    367       539       -       368       7  
Commercial construction
    3,559       4,927       95       3,917       42  
Commercial acquisition and development
    21,815       24,241       1,598       23,191       148  
Residential acquisition and development
    74,263       97,730       9,602       81,565       560  
    Total
  $ 111,263     $ 142,085     $ 11,736     $ 121,294     $ 848  
 

 
 
13

 

   
December 31, 2011
 
   
Recorded
Investment
in Impaired
Loans
   
Unpaid
Principal
Balance of
Impaired
Loans
   
Related
Allowance
for Credit
Losses
   
Average
Recorded
Investment
   
Interest
Income
Recognized
 
   
(In thousands)
 
With no related allowance:
                             
Multi-family construction
  $ 1,067     $ 2,259     $ -     $ 5,474     $ 18  
One-to-four family construction
    7,931       9,313       -       9,269       94  
Recreation and all other loans
    372       545       -       491       9  
Commercial construction
    633       917       -       9,663       83  
Commercial acquisition and development
    17,130       19,855       -       20,640       99  
Residential acquisition and development
    42,710       56,893       -       62,059       638  
    Total
  $ 69,843     $ 89,782     $ -     $ 107,596     $ 941  
                                         
With an allowance:
                                       
Multi-family construction
  $ -     $ -     $ -     $ 571     $ -  
One-to-four family construction
    5,313       6,083       1,589       5,334       108  
Recreation and all other loans
    -       -       -       271       2  
Commercial construction
    4,387       5,128       886       7,289       126  
Commercial acquisition and development
    5,091       7,728       1,418       12,965       429  
Residential acquisition and development
    43,545       48,487       17,688       54,527       986  
    Total
  $ 58,336     $ 67,426     $ 21,581     $ 80,957     $ 1,651  
                                         
Total:
                                       
Multi-family construction
  $ 1,067     $ 2,259     $ -     $ 6,045     $ 18  
One-to-four family construction
    13,244       15,396       1,589       14,603       202  
Recreation and all other loans
    372       545       -       762       11  
Commercial construction
    5,020       6,045       886       16,952       209  
Commercial acquisition and development
    22,221       27,583       1,418       33,605       528  
Residential acquisition and development
    86,255       105,380       17,688       116,586       1,624  
    Total
  $ 128,179     $ 157,208     $ 21,581     $ 188,553     $ 2,592  

 
Loans considered impaired under Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 310, Receivables (“FASB ASC 310”), are loans for which, based on current information and events, it is probable that the Company will be unable to collect all amounts due according to the contractual terms of the loan agreement.  The Company’s recorded investment in loans considered impaired at March 31, 2012 and December 31, 2011 was $211.1 million and $234.9 million, respectively.  At March 31, 2012 and December 31, 2011, $90.1 million and $117.7 million, respectively, of those impaired loans had a valuation allowance of $25.5 million and $39.7 million, respectively.  The remaining balance of impaired loans of $121.0 million and $117.2 million at March 31, 2012 and December 31, 2011, respectively, were charged down to fair value, less estimated selling costs which approximated net realizable value.  Therefore, such loans did not have an associated valuation allowance.  Impaired loans that were characterized as troubled debt restructurings (“TDRs”) totaled $51.9 million and $58.0 million at March 31, 2012 and December 31, 2011, respectively.  The average recorded investment in impaired loans was $224.7 million and $309.6 million for the quarter ended March 31, 2012 and the year ended December 31, 2011, respectively.
Non-performing loans and leases (“NPLs”) consist of non-accrual loans and leases, loans and leases 90 days or more past due and still accruing, and loans and leases that have been restructured because of the borrower’s weakened financial condition.  The following table presents information concerning NPLs as of the dates indicated:
 
 
14

 

   
March 31,
   
December 31,
 
   
2012
   
2011
   
2011
 
   
(In thousands)
 
                   
Non-accrual loans and leases
  $ 253,227     $ 370,726     $ 276,798  
Loans and leases 90 days or more past due, still accruing
    1,698       4,829       3,434  
Restructured loans and leases still accruing
    30,311       49,472       42,018  
Total non-performing loans and leases
  $ 285,236     $ 425,027     $ 322,250  

The Bank’s policy for all loan classifications provides that loans and leases are generally placed in non-accrual status if, in management’s opinion, payment in full of principal or interest is not expected or payment of principal or interest is more than 90 days past due, unless such loan or lease is both well-secured and in the process of collection.  At March 31, 2012, the Company’s geographic NPL distribution was concentrated primarily in its Alabama, Texas, Louisiana and Tennessee markets, including the greater Memphis, Tennessee area, a portion of which is in northwest Mississippi and Arkansas.  The following table presents the Company’s nonaccrual loans and leases by segment and class as of the dates indicated:

   
March 31,
   
December 31,
 
   
2012
   
2011
   
2011
 
   
(In thousands)
 
Commercial and industrial
  $ 11,025     $ 14,655     $ 12,260  
Real estate
                       
   Consumer mortgages
    46,562       58,748       47,878  
   Home equity
    2,687       1,543       2,036  
   Agricultural
    4,254       7,597       4,179  
   Commercial and industrial-owner occupied
    32,842       24,638       33,112  
   Construction, acquisition and development
    115,649       202,124       133,110  
   Commercial real estate
    35,715       58,945       40,616  
Credit cards
    509       617       594  
All other
    3,984       1,859       3,013  
     Total
  $ 253,227     $ 370,726     $ 276,798  


In the normal course of business, management will sometimes grant concessions, which would not otherwise be considered, to borrowers that are experiencing financial difficulty.  Loans identified as meeting the criteria set out in FASB ASC 310 are identified as TDRs.  The concessions granted most frequently for TDRs involve reductions or delays in required payments of principal and interest for a specified period, the rescheduling of payments in accordance with a bankruptcy plan or the charge-off of a portion of the loan.  In most cases, the conditions of the credit also warrant nonaccrual status, even after the restructure occurs.  As part of the credit approval process, the restructured loans are evaluated for adequate collateral protection in determining the appropriate accrual status at the time of restructure.  TDRs recorded as nonaccrual loans may be returned to accrual status in years after the restructure if there has been at least a six-month period of sustained repayment performance by the borrower under the restructured loan terms and the interest rate at the time of restructure was at or above market for a comparable loan.  During the first quarter of 2012, the most common concessions that were granted involved rescheduling payments of principal and interest over a longer amortization period, granting a period of reduced principal payment or interest only payment for a limited time period, or the rescheduling of payments in accordance with a bankruptcy plan.


 
15

 
 
The following tables summarize the financial effect of TDRs for the periods indicated:

   
Three months ended March 31, 2012
 
   
Number
of
Contracts
   
Pre-Modification
Outstanding
Recorded
Investment
   
Post-Modification
Outstanding
Recorded
Investment
 
   
(Dollars in thousands)
 
Commercial and industrial
    5     $ 1,010     $ 674  
Real estate
                       
   Consumer mortgages
    13       3,265       3,211  
   Agricultural
    1       407       404  
   Commercial and industrial-owner occupied
    8       2,128       2,117  
   Construction, acquisition and development
    11       7,280       6,956  
   Commercial real estate
    6       3,180       3,172  
All other
    5       639       637  
     Total
    49     $ 17,909     $ 17,171  


   
Year ended December 31, 2011
 
   
Number
of
Contracts
   
Pre-Modification
Outstanding
Recorded
Investment
   
Post-Modification
Outstanding
Recorded
Investment
 
   
(Dollars in thousands)
 
Commercial and industrial
    7     $ 3,142     $ 2,374  
Real estate
                       
   Consumer mortgages
    35       6,901       6,424  
   Agricultural
    4       2,650       1,479  
   Commercial and industrial-owner occupied
    29       13,330       11,740  
   Construction, acquisition and development
    30       23,863       19,228  
   Commercial real estate
    24       16,121       15,046  
All other
    7       2,957       2,406  
     Total
    136     $ 68,964     $ 58,697  


The following tables summarize TDRs within the previous 12 months for which there was a payment default during the period indicated (i.e., 30 days or more past due at any given time during the period indicated):


   
Three months ended March 31, 2012
 
   
Number of
Contracts
   
Recorded
Investment
 
   
(Dollars in thousands)
 
Commercial and industrial
    1     $ 129  
Real estate
               
   Consumer mortgages
    6       518  
   Agricultural
    1       170  
   Commercial and industrial-owner occupied
    3       1,362  
   Commercial real estate
    2       1,514  
     Total
    13     $ 3,693  
 

 
 
16

 

   
Year ended December 31, 2011
 
   
Number of
Contracts
   
Recorded
Investment
 
   
(Dollars in thousands)
 
Commercial and industrial
    4     $ 1,506  
Real estate
               
   Consumer mortgages
    4       1,563  
   Agricultural
    3       1,382  
   Commercial and industrial-owner occupied
    6       1,683  
   Construction, acquisition and development
    13       3,622  
   Commercial real estate
    3       2,946  
All other
    1       302  
     Total
    34     $ 13,004  


NOTE 3 – ALLOWANCE FOR CREDIT LOSSES

The following tables summarize the changes in the allowance for credit losses by segment and class for the periods indicated:


   
Three months ended
 
   
March 31, 2012
 
   
Balance,
Beginning of
Period
   
Charge-offs
   
Recoveries
   
Provision
   
Balance,
End of
Period
 
   
(In thousands)
 
Commercial and industrial
  $ 20,724     $ (4,272 )   $ 1,542     $ 2,988     $ 20,982  
Real estate
                                       
  Consumer mortgage
    36,529       (4,216 )     323       3,912       36,548  
  Home equity
    8,630       (851 )     315       134       8,228  
  Agricultural
    3,921       (96 )     10       (449 )     3,386  
  Commercial and industrial-owner occupied
    21,929       (3,868 )     351       2,230       20,642  
  Construction, acquisition and development
    45,562       (11,394 )     2,155       (862 )     35,461  
  Commercial real estate
    39,444       (2,809 )     383       2,364       39,382  
Credit Cards
    4,021       (562 )     118       (436 )     3,141  
All other
    14,358       (758 )     288       119       14,007  
    Total
  $ 195,118     $ (28,826 )   $ 5,485     $ 10,000     $ 181,777  
 

 
 
17

 

   
Year ended
 
   
December 31, 2011
 
   
Balance,
Beginning of
Period
   
Charge-offs
   
Recoveries
   
Provision
   
Balance,
End of
Period
 
   
(In thousands)
 
Commercial and industrial
  $ 22,479     $ (17,337 )   $ 1,567     $ 14,015     $ 20,724  
Real estate
                                       
  Consumer mortgage
    35,540       (10,186 )     1,111       10,064       36,529  
  Home equity
    7,305       (5,852 )     185       6,992       8,630  
  Agricultural
    4,997       (3,420 )     123       2,221       3,921  
  Commercial and industrial-owner occupied
    20,403       (10,302 )     393       11,435       21,929  
  Construction, acquisition and development
    59,048       (67,362 )     3,951       49,925       45,562  
  Commercial real estate
    33,439       (17,436 )     1,045       22,396       39,444  
Credit Cards
    4,126       (3,072 )     803       2,164       4,021  
All other
    9,576       (7,088 )     1,001       10,869       14,358  
    Total
  $ 196,913     $ (142,055 )   $ 10,179     $ 130,081     $ 195,118  


   
Three months ended
 
   
March 31, 2011
 
   
Balance,
Beginning of
Period
   
Charge-offs
   
Recoveries
   
Provision
   
Balance,
End of
Period
 
   
(In thousands)
 
Commercial and industrial
  $ 22,479     $ (8,809 )   $ 184     $ 6,525     $ 20,379  
Real estate
                                       
  Consumer mortgage
    35,540       (3,260 )     143       1,189       33,612  
  Home equity
    7,305       (1,082 )     45       1,424       7,692  
  Agricultural
    4,997       (592 )     2       40       4,447  
  Commercial and industrial-owner occupied
    20,403       (1,716 )     173       11,064       29,924  
  Construction, acquisition and development
    59,048       (32,343 )     564       26,959       54,228  
  Commercial real estate
    33,439       (4,514 )     13       4,547       33,485  
Credit Cards
    4,126       (881 )     255       (54 )     3,446  
All other
    9,576       (553 )     312       1,785       11,120  
    Total
  $ 196,913     $ (53,750 )   $ 1,691     $ 53,479     $ 198,333  

 
 
18

 
 
The following tables provide the allowance for credit losses by segment, class and impairment status as of the dates indicated:

   
March 31, 2012
 
   
Recorded
Balance of
Impaired Loans
   
Allowance for
Impaired Loans
and Leases
   
Allowance for
All Other Loans
and Leases
   
Total
Allowance
 
   
(In thousands)
 
Commercial and industrial
  $ 6,106     $ 1,548     $ 19,434     $ 20,982  
Real estate
                               
  Consumer mortgage
    28,416       3,977       32,571       36,548  
  Home equity
    1,583       178       8,050       8,228  
  Agricultural
    3,099       386       3,000       3,386  
  Commercial and industrial-owner occupied
    28,152       3,051       17,591       20,642  
  Construction, acquisition and development
    111,263       11,736       23,725       35,461  
  Commercial real estate
    31,482       4,410       34,972       39,382  
Credit Cards
    -       -       3,141       3,141  
All other
    1,011       260       13,747       14,007  
    Total
  $ 211,112     $ 25,546     $ 156,231     $ 181,777  


   
December 31, 2011
 
   
Recorded
Balance of
Impaired Loans
   
Allowance for
Impaired Loans
and Leases
   
Allowance for
All Other Loans
and Leases
   
Total
Allowance
 
   
(In thousands)
 
Commercial and industrial
  $ 7,833     $ 4,071     $ 16,653     $ 20,724  
Real estate
                               
  Consumer mortgage
    31,793       4,386       32,143       36,529  
  Home equity
    675       48       8,582       8,630  
  Agricultural
    3,096       380       3,541       3,921  
  Commercial and industrial-owner occupied
    24,801       3,601       18,328       21,929  
  Construction, acquisition and development
    128,179       21,581       23,981       45,562  
  Commercial real estate
    36,122       5,324       34,120       39,444  
Credit Cards
    -       -       4,021       4,021  
All other
    2,424       317       14,041       14,358  
    Total
  $ 234,923     $ 39,708     $ 155,410     $ 195,118  

Management evaluates impaired loans individually in determining the adequacy of the allowance for impaired loans.


 
 
19

 

 
NOTE 4 – OTHER REAL ESTATE OWNED

The following table presents the activity in other real estate owned for the periods indicated:


   
Three months ended
   
Year ended
 
   
March 31,
   
December 31,
 
   
2012
   
2011
   
2011
 
   
(In thousands)
 
Balance at beginning of period
  $ 173,805     $ 133,412     $ 133,412  
Additions to foreclosed properties
                       
     New foreclosed properties
    10,766       21,464       125,234  
Reductions in foreclosed properties
                       
     Sales
    (11,771 )     (13,528 )     (64,488 )
     Writedowns
    (4,992 )     (4,936 )     (20,353 )
Balance at end of period
  $ 167,808     $ 136,412     $ 173,805  
 
 

The following table presents the other real estate owned by geographical location, segment and class at March 31, 2012:


   
Alabama
and Florida
Panhandle
   
Arkansas*
   
Mississippi*
   
Missouri
   
Greater
Memphis
Area
   
Tennessee*
   
Texas and
Louisiana
   
Other
   
Total
 
   
(In thousands)
 
Commercial and industrial
  $ 423     $ 16     $ -     $ -     $ 821     $ -     $ -     $ -     $ 1,260  
Real estate
                                                                       
   Consumer mortgages
    3,505       615       2,970       -       4,713       3,523       111       3,377       18,814  
   Home equity
    -       26       22       -       586       141       -       -       775  
   Agricultural
    902       -       730       -       1,164       2,371       -       -       5,167  
   Commercial and industrial-owner occupied
    1,564       656       2,583       2,113       1,829       164       174       291       9,374  
   Construction, acquisition and development
    16,179       1,766       25,510       1,965       46,007       19,458       2,630       -       113,515  
   Commercial real estate
    3,557       1,744       3,241       307       7,318       -       233       579       16,979  
All other
    209       83       990       117       437       -       55       33       1,924  
     Total
  $ 26,339     $ 4,906     $ 36,046     $ 4,502     $ 62,875     $ 25,657     $ 3,203     $ 4,280     $ 167,808  
* Excludes the Greater Memphis Area.
 

The Company incurred total foreclosed property expenses of $8.4 million and $7.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2012 and 2011, respectively.  Realized net losses on dispositions and holding losses on valuations of these properties, a component of total foreclosed property expenses, were $5.8 million and $5.4 million for the three months ended March 31, 2012 and 2011, respectively.

NOTE 5 – SECURITIES

A comparison of amortized cost and estimated fair values of available-for-sale securities as of March 31, 2012 and December 31, 2011 follows:
 
 
 
20

 

   
March 31, 2012
 
   
Amortized
Cost
   
Gross
Unrealized
Gains
   
Gross
Unrealized
Losses
   
Estimated
Fair
Value
 
   
(In thousands)
 
U.S. Government agencies
  $ 1,552,991     $ 25,975     $ 525     $ 1,578,441  
Government agency issued residential mortgage-backed securities
    377,767       7,910       531       385,146  
Government agency issued commercial mortgage-backed securities
    28,876       2,780       9       31,647  
Obligations of states and political subdivisions
    544,267       24,699       324       568,642  
Other
    8,946       713       -       9,659  
    Total
  $ 2,512,847     $ 62,077     $ 1,389     $ 2,573,535  


   
December 31, 2011
 
         
Gross
   
Gross
   
Estimated
 
   
Amortized
   
Unrealized
   
Unrealized
   
Fair
 
   
Cost
   
Gains
   
Losses
   
Value
 
   
(In thousands)
 
U.S. Government agencies
  $ 1,471,920     $ 29,347     $ 24     $ 1,501,243  
Government agency issued residential mortgage-backed securities
    394,894       9,786       70       404,610  
Government agency issued commercial mortgage-backed securities
    31,161       3,438       -       34,599  
Obligations of states and political subdivisions
    541,138       22,705       323       563,520  
Other
    8,938       608       -       9,546  
    Total
  $ 2,448,051     $ 65,884     $ 417     $ 2,513,518  


Gross gains of approximately $94,000 and gross losses of approximately $20,000 were recognized on available-for-sale securities during the first three months of 2012, while gross gains of approximately $1,000 and no gross losses were recognized during the first three months of 2011.
The amortized cost and estimated fair value of available-for-sale securities at March 31, 2012 by contractual maturity are shown below.  Actual maturities may differ from contractual maturities because borrowers may have the right to call or prepay obligations with or without call or prepayment penalties.  Equity securities are considered as maturing after ten years.


   
March 31, 2012
   
Amortized
Cost
   
Estimated
Fair
Value
   
Weighted
Average
Yield
   
(Dollars in thousands)
Maturing in one year or less
  $ 342,145     $ 346,944       3.11 %
Maturing after one year through five years
    1,631,097       1,658,411       1.86  
Maturing after five years through ten years
    85,957       89,456       4.55  
Maturing after ten years
    453,648       478,724       5.68  
    Total
  $ 2,512,847     $ 2,573,535          


The following tables summarize information pertaining to temporarily impaired available-for-sale securities with continuous unrealized loss positions at March 31, 2012 and December 31, 2011:

 
21

 

 
March 31, 2012
 
 
Continuous Unrealized Loss Position
             
 
Less Than 12 Months
   
12 Months or Longer
   
Total
 
 
Fair
   
Unrealized
   
Fair
   
Unrealized
   
Fair
   
Unrealized
 
 
Value
   
Losses
   
Value
   
Losses
   
Value
   
Losses
 
 
(In thousands)
 
U.S. Government agencies
$ 120,223     $ 525     $ -     $ -     $ 120,223     $ 525  
Government agency issued residential
mortgage-backed securities
  45,471       445       3,599       86       49,070       531  
Government agency issued commercial
mortgage-backed securities
  1,023       9       -       -       1,023       9  
Obligations of states and political subdivisions
  21,732       252       317       72       22,049       324  
Other
  -       -       -       -       -       -  
    Total
$ 188,449     $ 1,231     $ 3,916     $ 158     $ 192,365     $ 1,389  


 
December 31, 2011
 
 
Continuous Unrealized Loss Position
             
 
Less Than 12 Months
   
12 Months or Longer
   
Total
 
 
Fair
   
Unrealized
   
Fair
   
Unrealized
   
Fair
   
Unrealized
 
 
Value
   
Losses
   
Value
   
Losses
   
Value
   
Losses
 
 
(In thousands)
 
U.S. Government agencies
$ 34,850     $ 24     $ -     $ -     $ 34,850     $ 24  
Government agency issued residential
mortgage-backed securities
  -       -       3,751       70       3,751       70  
Government agency issued commercial
mortgage-backed securities
  -       -       -       -       0       0  
Obligations of states and political subdivisions
  20,820       144       9,214       179       30,034       323  
Other
  -       -       -       -       -       -  
    Total
$ 55,670     $ 168     $ 12,965     $ 249     $ 68,635     $ 417  

Based upon a review of the credit quality of these securities, and considering that the issuers were in compliance with the terms of the securities, management had no intent to sell these securities, and it was more likely than not that the Company would not be required to sell the securities prior to recovery of costs. Therefore, the impairments related to these securities were determined to be temporary.  No other-than-temporary impairment was recorded during the first three months of 2012.

NOTE 6 – PER SHARE DATA

The computation of basic earnings per share (“EPS”) is based on the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding.  The computation of diluted earnings per share is based on the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding plus the shares resulting from the assumed exercise of all outstanding share-based awards using the treasury stock method.  Weighted-average antidilutive stock options to purchase 3.0 million and 3.0 million shares of Company common stock with a weighted average exercise price of $20.80 and $20.77 per share for the three months ended March 31, 2012 and 2011, respectively, were excluded from diluted shares.  Because of the net loss for the three months ended March 31, 2011, no potentially dilutive shares were included in the loss per share calculations for that period, as including such shares would have been antidulitive.  Antidilutive other equity awards of approximately 68,000 and 57,000 shares of Company common stock for the three months ended March 31, 2012 and 2011, respectively, were also excluded from diluted shares.  The basic and diluted earnings per share computations for the first quarter of 2012 reflect the Company’s issuance of 10,952.381 shares of common stock on January 24, 2012 in connection with an underwritten public offering.  
 
 
22

 
 
The following table provides a reconciliation of the numerators and denominators of the basic and diluted earnings per share computations for the periods shown:


   
Three months ended March 31,
 
   
2012
   
2011
 
   
Income
   
Shares
   
Per Share
   
Income
   
Shares
   
Per Share
 
   
(Numerator)
   
(Denominator)
   
Amount
   
(Numerator)
   
(Denominator)
   
Amount
 
Basic EPS
 
(In thousands, except per share amounts)
 
Income (loss) available to common
shareholders
  $ 22,866       91,728     $ 0.25     $ (494 )     83,449     $ (0.01 )
Effect of dilutive share-based awards
    -       42               -       -          
                                                 
Diluted EPS
                                               
Income (loss) available to common
shareholders plus assumed
exercise of all outstanding
share-based awards
  $ 22,866       91,770     $ 0.25     $ (494 )     83,449     $ (0.01 )

NOTE 7 – COMPREHENSIVE INCOME

The following tables present the components of other comprehensive income and the related tax effects allocated to each component for the periods indicated:


   
Three months ended March 31,
 
   
2012
   
2011
 
   
Before
 
Tax
   
Net
   
Before
 
Tax
   
Net
 
   
tax
   
(expense)
   
of tax
   
tax
   
(expense)
   
of tax
 
   
amount
   
benefit
   
amount
   
amount
   
benefit
   
amount
 
Net unrealized gains on available-for-sale
securities:
 
(In thousands)
Unrealized losses arising during
holding period
  $ (4,706 )   $ 1,799     $ (2,907 )   $ (4,044 )   $ 1,537     $ (2,507 )
Less:  Reclassification adjustment for
n
et gains realized in net income
    (74 )     28       (46 )     (17 )     7       (10 )
Recognized employee benefit plan
    net periodic benefit cost
    1,192       (114 )     1,078       633       (242 )     391  
Other comprehensive loss
  $ (3,588 )   $ 1,713     $ (1,875 )   $ (3,428 )   $ 1,302     $ (2,126 )
Net income (loss)
                    22,866                       (494 )
Comprehensive income (loss)
                  $ 20,991                     $ (2,620 )

NOTE 8 – GOODWILL AND OTHER INTANGIBLE ASSETS

The carrying amounts of goodwill by operating segment for the three months ended March 31, 2012 were as follows:

   
Community
   
Insurance
       
   
Banking
   
Agencies
   
Total
 
   
(In thousands)
Balance as of December 31, 2011
  $ 217,618     $ 53,679     $ 271,297  
Goodwill recorded during the period
    -       -       -  
Balance as of March 31, 2012
  $ 217,618     $ 53,679     $ 271,297  


 
23

 

The Company’s policy is to assess goodwill for impairment at the reporting segment level on an annual basis or sooner if an event occurs or circumstances change which indicate that the fair value of a reporting unit is below its carrying amount.  Impairment is the condition that exists when the carrying amount of goodwill exceeds its implied fair value.  Accounting standards require management to estimate the fair value of each reporting segment in assessing impairment at least annually.  The Company’s annual assessment date is during the Company’s fourth quarter.  No events occurred during the first quarter that indicated the necessity of an earlier goodwill impairment assessment.
In the current environment, forecasting cash flows, credit losses and growth in addition to valuing the Company’s assets with any degree of assurance is very difficult and subject to significant changes over very short periods of time.  Management will continue to update its analysis as circumstances change.  As  market conditions continue to be volatile and unpredictable, impairment of goodwill related to the Company’s reporting segments may be necessary in future periods.
The following tables present information regarding the components of the Company’s identifiable intangible assets for the dates and periods indicated:

   
As of
   
As of
 
   
March 31, 2012
   
December 31, 2011
 
   
Gross Carrying
   
Accumulated
   
Gross Carrying
   
Accumulated
 
   
Amount
   
Amortization
   
Amount
   
Amortization
 
Amortized intangible assets:
 
(In thousands)
 
Core deposit intangibles
  $ 27,801     $ 20,971     $ 27,801     $ 20,728  
Customer relationship intangibles
    32,749       24,445       32,749       23,935  
Non-solicitation intangibles
    75       47       75       38  
Total
  $ 60,625     $ 45,463     $ 60,625     $ 44,701  
                                 
Unamortized intangible assets:
                               
Trade names
  $ 688     $ -     $ 688     $ -  

   
Three months ended
 
   
March 31,
 
   
2012
   
2011
 
Aggregate amortization expense for:
 
(In thousands)
 
Core deposit intangibles
  $ 243     $ 267  
Customer relationship intangibles
    510       578  
Non-solicitation intangibles
    9       9  
Total
  $ 762     $ 854  


The following table presents information regarding estimated amortization expense on the Company’s amortizable identifiable intangible assets for the year ending December 31, 2012 and the succeeding four years:


         
Customer
   
Non-
       
   
Core Deposit
   
Relationship
   
Solicitation
       
   
Intangibles
   
Intangibles
   
Intangibles
   
Total
 
Estimated Amortization Expense:
 
(In thousands)
 
For year ending December 31, 2012
  $ 946     $ 1,957     $ 37     $ 2,940  
For year ending December 31, 2013
    582       1,668       -       2,250  
For year ending December 31, 2014
    526       1,418       -       1,944  
For year ending December 31, 2015
    487       1,128       -       1,615  
For year ending December 31, 2016
    451       823       -       1,274  

 
 
24

 
 
NOTE 9 – PENSION BENEFITS

The following table presents the components of net periodic benefit costs for the periods indicated:

   
Three months ended
 
   
March 31,
 
   
2012
   
2011
 
   
(In thousands)
 
Service cost
  $ 2,592     $ 2,082  
Interest cost
    2,072       2,028  
Expected return on assets
    (3,670 )     (3,713 )
Amortization of unrecognized transition amount
    5       5  
Recognized prior service cost
    (192 )     50  
Recognized net loss
    1,379       578  
Net periodic benefit costs
  $ 2,186     $ 1,030  


NOTE 10 – RECENT PRONOUNCEMENTS

In April 2011, the FASB issued an accounting standards update (“ASU”) regarding reconsideration of effective control for repurchase agreements.  This ASU removes from the assessment of effective control (1) the criterion requiring the transferor to have the ability to repurchase or redeem the financial assets on substantially the agreed terms, even in the event of default by the transferee, and (2) the collateral maintenance implementation guidance related to that criterion.  Other criteria applicable to the assessment of effective control are not changed by this ASU.  The ASU is effective for the first interim or annual period beginning on or after December 15, 2011 and should be applied prospectively to transactions or modifications of existing transactions that occur on or after the effective date.  The adoption of this ASU did not have a material impact on the financial position and results of operations of the Company.
In May 2011, the FASB issued an ASU regarding amendments to achieve common fair value measurement and disclosure requirements in U.S. GAAP and International Financial Reporting Standards (“IFRS”).  This ASU provides amendments to ensure that fair value has the same meaning in U.S. GAAP and IFRS and that their respective fair value measurements and disclosure requirements are the same.  The ASU is effective during interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2011 and should be applied prospectively.  The adoption of this ASU did not have a material impact on the financial position and results of operations of the Company.
In June 2011, the FASB issued an ASU regarding the presentation of comprehensive income.  This ASU amends existing guidance and eliminates the option to present the components of other comprehensive income as part of the statement of changes in shareholder’s equity.  This ASU requires that comprehensive income be presented in either a single continuous statement or in two separate but consecutive statements.  This ASU is effective for interim and annual periods beginning on or after December 15, 2011.  The adoption of this ASU changed the manner in which the Company’s other comprehensive income is disclosed and did not have an impact on the financial position and results of operations of the Company.
In September 2011, the FASB issued an ASU regarding goodwill impairment.  This ASU gives companies the option to perform a qualitative assessment of whether it is more likely than not that a reporting unit’s fair value is less than its carrying value as a basis for determining whether it is necessary to perform the two-step goodwill impairment test. This ASU is effective for interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2011.  The adoption of this ASU did not have a material impact on the financial position and results of operations of the Company.

NOTE 11 - SEGMENT REPORTING

The Company is a financial holding company with subsidiaries engaged in the business of banking and activities closely related to banking.  The Company determines reportable segments based upon the services offered, the significance of those services to the Company’s financial condition and operating results and management’s regular review of the operating results of those services.  The Company’s primary segment is Community Banking, which includes providing a full range of deposit products, commercial loans and consumer loans.  The Company
 
 
25

 
 
has also designated two additional reportable segments -- Insurance Agencies and General Corporate and Other.  The Company’s insurance agencies serve as agents in the sale of commercial lines of insurance and full lines of property and casualty, life, health and employee benefits products and services.  The General Corporate and Other operating segment includes mortgage lending, trust services, credit card activities, investment services and other activities not allocated to the Community Banking or Insurance Agencies operating segments.
Results of operations and selected financial information by operating segment for the three-month periods ended March 31, 2012 and 2011 were as follows:

   
Community
Banking
   
Insurance
Agencies
   
General
Corporate
and Other
   
Total
 
   
(In thousands)
 
Three months ended March 31, 2012:
                       
Results of Operations
                       
Net interest revenue
  $ 107,652     $ 73     $ (2,115 )   $ 105,610  
Provision for credit losses
    10,228       -       (228 )     10,000  
Net interest revenue after provision for credit losses
    97,424       73       (1,887 )     95,610  
Noninterest revenue
    31,185       23,151       18,024       72,360  
Noninterest expense
    99,059       18,698       17,923       135,680  
Income (loss) before income taxes
    29,550       4,526       (1,786 )     32,290  
Income tax expense (benefit)
    9,172       1,819       (1,567 )     9,424  
Net income (loss)
  $ 20,378     $ 2,707     $ (219 )   $ 22,866  
Selected Financial Information
                               
Total assets at end of period
  $ 10,765,843     $ 175,763     $ 2,365,966     $ 13,307,572  
Depreciation and amortization
    6,022       874       699       7,595  
                                 
Three months ended March 31, 2011:
                               
Results of Operations
                               
Net interest revenue
  $ 102,663     $ 94     $ 6,680     $ 109,437  
Provision for credit losses
    53,241       -       238       53,479  
Net interest revenue after provision for credit losses
    49,422       94       6,442       55,958  
Noninterest revenue
    27,991       22,538       17,782       68,311  
Noninterest expense
    82,710       18,060       29,240       130,010  
(Loss) income before income taxes
    (5,297 )     4,572       (5,016 )     (5,741 )
Income tax (benefit) expense
    (3,926 )     1,822       (3,143 )     (5,247 )
Net (loss) income
  $ (1,371 )   $ 2,750     $ (1,873 )   $ (494 )
Selected Financial Information
                               
Total assets at end of period
  $ 10,636,472     $ 164,488     $ 2,746,278     $ 13,547,238  
Depreciation and amortization
    6,273       975       1,082       8,330  

The increased net income of the Community Banking operating segment for the three months ended March 31, 2012 was primarily related to the decrease in the provision for credit losses.

NOTE 12 – MORTGAGE SERVICING RIGHTS

Mortgage servicing rights (“MSRs”), which are recognized as a separate asset on the date the corresponding mortgage loan is sold, are recorded at fair value as determined at each accounting period end.  An estimate of the fair value of the Company’s MSRs is determined utilizing assumptions about factors such as mortgage interest rates, discount rates, mortgage loan prepayment speeds, market trends and industry demand.  Data and assumptions used in the fair value calculation related to MSRs as of the dates indicated were as follows:

 
26

 

   
March 31,
   
December 31,
 
   
2012
   
2011
   
2011
 
   
(Dollars in thousands)
 
Unpaid principal balance
  $ 4,413,139     $ 3,946,961     $ 4,293,552  
Weighted-average prepayment speed (CPR)
    18.1       13.9       22.7  
Discount rate (annual percentage)
    10.3       10.3       10.3  
Weighted-average coupon interest rate (percentage)
    4.8       5.2       4.9  
Weighted-average remaining maturity (months)
    310.0       315.0       311.0  
Weighted-average servicing fee (basis points)
    27.8       28.3       28.0  


Because the valuation is determined by using discounted cash flow models, the primary risk inherent in valuing the MSRs is the impact of fluctuating interest rates on the estimated life of the servicing revenue stream.  The use of different estimates or assumptions could also produce different fair values.  The Company does not hedge the change in fair value of MSRs and, therefore, the Company is susceptible to significant fluctuations in the fair value of its MSRs in changing interest rate environments.
The Company has only one class of mortgage servicing asset comprised of closed end loans for one-to-four family residences, secured by first liens.  The following table presents the activity in this class for the periods indicated:

   
2012
   
2011
 
   
(In thousands)
 
Fair value as of January 1
  $ 30,174     $ 38,642  
Additions:
               
   Origination of servicing assets
    3,525       2,431  
Changes in fair value:
               
   Due to payoffs/paydowns
    (1,726 )     (1,300 )
     Due to change in valuation inputs or assumptions used in the valuation model
    3,697       2,540  
   Other changes in fair value
    (2 )     (7 )
Fair value as of March 31
  $ 35,668     $ 42,306  


All of the changes to the fair value of the MSRs are recorded as part of mortgage lending noninterest revenue on the income statement.  As part of mortgage lending noninterest revenue, the Company recorded contractual servicing fees of $3.1 million and $2.8 million and late and other ancillary fees of approximately $362,000 and $321,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2012 and 2011, respectively.

NOTE 13 – DERIVATIVE INSTRUMENTS

The derivatives held by the Company include commitments to fund fixed-rate mortgage loans to customers and forward commitments to sell individual fixed-rate mortgage loans.  The Company’s objective in obtaining the forward commitments is to mitigate the interest rate risk associated with the commitments to fund the fixed-rate mortgage loans.  Both the commitments to fund fixed-rate mortgage loans and the forward commitments to sell individual fixed-rate mortgage loans are reported at fair value, with adjustments being recorded in current period earnings, and are not accounted for as hedges.  At March 31, 2012, the notional amount of forward commitments to sell individual fixed-rate mortgage loans was $213.3 million with a carrying value and fair value reflecting a loss of approximately $98,000.  At March 31, 2011, the notional amount of forward commitments to sell individual fixed-rate mortgage loans was $97.0 million with a carrying value and fair value reflecting a loss of approximately $168,000.  At March 31, 2012, the notional amount of commitments to fund individual fixed-rate mortgage loans was $159.1 million with a carrying value and fair value reflecting a gain of $2.7 million.  At March 31, 2011, the notional amount of commitments to fund individual fixed-rate mortgage loans was $77.9 million with a carrying value and fair value reflecting a gain of approximately $886,000.
The Company also enters into derivative financial instruments in the form of interest rate swaps to meet the financing, interest rate and equity risk management needs of its customers.  Upon entering into these interest rate swaps to meet customer needs, the Company enters into offsetting positions to minimize interest rate and equity risk
 
 
27

 
 
to the Company.  These derivative financial instruments are reported at fair value with any resulting gain or loss recorded in current period earnings.  These instruments and their offsetting positions are recorded in other assets and other liabilities on the consolidated balance sheets.  As of March 31, 2012, the notional amount of customer related derivative financial instruments was $479.4 million with an average maturity of 59 months, an average interest receive rate of 2.5% and an average interest pay rate of 5.8%.

NOTE 14 – FAIR VALUE DISCLOSURES

“Fair value” is defined by FASB ASC 820, Fair Value Measurements and Disclosure (“FASB ASC 820”), as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date.  FASB ASC 820 establishes a fair value hierarchy that prioritizes the inputs to valuation techniques used to measure fair value.  The hierarchy maximizes the use of observable inputs and minimizes the use of unobservable inputs by requiring that observable inputs be used when available.  Observable inputs are inputs that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability developed based on market data obtained from sources independent of the reporting entity.  Unobservable inputs are inputs that reflect the reporting entity’s assumptions about the assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability developed based on the best information available under the circumstances.  The hierarchy is broken down into the following three levels, based on the reliability of inputs:

Level 1:  Unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities that are accessible at the measurement date.

Level 2:  Significant other observable inputs other than Level 1 prices, such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities, quoted prices in markets that are not active or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data.

Level 3:  Significant unobservable inputs for the asset or liability that reflect the reporting entity’s own assumptions about the assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability.

Determination of Fair Value

The Company uses the valuation methodologies listed below to measure different financial instruments at fair value.  An indication of the level in the fair value hierarchy in which each instrument is generally classified is included.  Where appropriate, the description includes details of the valuation models, the key inputs to those models as well as any significant assumptions.

Available-for-sale securities.  Available-for-sale securities are recorded at fair value on a recurring basis.  Fair value measurement is based upon quoted prices, if available.  If quoted prices are not available, fair values are determined by matrix pricing, which is a mathematical technique widely used in the industry to value debt securities without relying exclusively on quoted prices for the specific securities but rather by relying on the securities’ relationship to other benchmark quoted securities.  The Company’s available-for-sale securities that are traded on an active exchange, such as the New York Stock Exchange, are classified as Level 1.  Available-for-sale securities valued using matrix pricing are classified as Level 2.  Available-for-sale securities valued using matrix pricing that has been adjusted to compensate for the present value of expected cash flows, market liquidity, credit quality and volatility are classified as Level 3.

Mortgage servicing rights.  The Company records MSRs at fair value on a recurring basis with subsequent remeasurement of MSRs based on change in fair value.  An estimate of the fair value of the Company’s MSRs is determined by utilizing assumptions about factors such as mortgage interest rates, discount rates, mortgage loan prepayment speeds, market trends and industry demand.  All of the Company’s MSRs are classified as Level 3.  For additional information about the Company’s valuation of MSRs, see Note 12 -  Mortgage Servicing Rights.

Derivative instruments.  The Company’s derivative instruments consist of commitments to fund fixed-rate mortgage loans to customers and forward commitments to sell individual fixed-rate mortgage loans.  Fair value of these derivative instruments is measured on a recurring basis using recent observable market prices.  The Company
 
 
28

 
also enters into interest rate swaps to meet the financing, interest rate and equity risk management needs of its customers.  The fair value of these instruments is either an observable market price or a discounted cash flow valuation using the terms of swap agreements but substituting original interest rates with prevailing interest rates ranging from 1.6% to 4.5%.  The Company also considers the associated counterparty credit risk when determining the fair value of these instruments.  The Company’s interest rate swaps, commitments to fund fixed-rate mortgage loans to customers and forward commitments to sell individual fixed-rate mortgage loans are classified as Level 3.

Loans held for sale.  Loans held for sale are carried at the lower of cost or estimated fair value and are subject to nonrecurring fair value adjustments.  Estimated fair value is determined on the basis of existing commitments or the current market value of similar loans.  All of the Company’s loans held for sale are classified as Level 2.

Impaired loans.  Loans considered impaired under FASB ASC 310 are loans for which, based on current information and events, it is probable that the creditor will be unable to collect all amounts due according to the contractual terms of the loan agreement.  Impaired loans are subject to nonrecurring fair value adjustments to reflect (1) partial write-downs that are based on the observable market price or current appraised value of the collateral, or (2) the full charge-off of the loan carrying value.  All of the Company’s impaired loans are classified as Level 3.

Other real estate owned.  Other real estate owned (“OREO”) is carried at the lower of cost or estimated fair value, less estimated selling costs and is subject to nonrecurring fair value adjustments.  Estimated fair value is determined on the basis of independent appraisals and other relevant factors less an average of 7% for estimated selling costs.  All of the Company’s OREO is classified as Level 3.

Assets and Liabilities Recorded at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis

The following tables present the balances of the assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of March 31, 2012 and 2011:


   
March 31, 2012
 
   
Level 1
   
Level 2
   
Level 3
   
Total
 
Assets:
 
(In thousands)
 
Available-for-sale securities:
                       
   U.S. Government agencies
  $ -     $ 1,578,441     $ -     $ 1,578,441  
   Government agency issued residential mortgage-backed securities
    -       385,146       -       385,146  
   Government agency issued commercial mortgage-backed securities
    -       31,647       -       31,647  
   Obligations of states and political subdivisions
    -       568,642       -       568,642  
   Other
    665       8,994       -       9,659  
Mortgage servicing rights
    -       -       35,668       35,668  
Derivative instruments
    -       -       53,057       53,057  
     Total
  $ 665     $ 2,572,870     $ 88,725     $ 2,662,260  
Liabilities:
                               
Derivative instruments
  $ -     $ -     $ 51,208     $ 51,208  

 
 
29

 

   
March 31, 2011
 
   
Level 1
   
Level 2
   
Level 3
   
Total
 
Assets:
 
(In thousands)
 
Available-for-sale securities:
                       
   U.S. Government agencies
  $ -     $ 459,763     $ -     $ 459,763  
   Government agency issued residential mortgage-backed securities
    -       529,302       -       529,302  
   Government agency issued commercial mortgage-backed securities
    -       30,938       -       30,938  
   Obligations of states and political subdivisions
    -       111,380       -       111,380  
   Other
    638       13,442       -       14,080  
Mortgage servicing rights
    -       -       42,306       42,306  
Derivative instruments
    -       -       33,120       33,120  
     Total
  $ 638     $ 1,144,825     $ 75,426     $ 1,220,889  
Liabilities:
                               
Derivative instruments
  $ -     $ -     $ 32,766     $ 32,766  

The following tables present the changes in Level 3 assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis for the three-month periods ended March 31, 2012 and 2011:

   
Mortgage
Servicing
Rights
   
Derivative
Instruments
   
Available-
for-sale
Securities
 
   
(In thousands)
 
Balance at December 31, 2011
  $ 30,174     $ 342     $ -  
     Year to date net gains included in:
                       
        Net income
    5,494       1,507       -  
        Other comprehensive income
    -       -       -  
     Purchases, sales, issuances and settlements, net
    -       -       -  
     Transfers in and/or out of Level 3
    -       -       -  
Balance at March 31, 2012
  $ 35,668     $ 1,849     $ -  
Net unrealized gains included in net income for the quarter relating to assets
and liabilities held at March 31, 2012
  $ 3,697     $ 1,507     $ -  

   
Mortgage
Servicing
Rights
   
Derivative
Instruments
   
Available-
for-sale
Securities
 
   
(In thousands)
 
Balance at December 31, 2010
  $ 38,642     $ 2,685     $ -  
     Year to date net gains (losses) included in:
                       
        Net income (loss)
    3,664       (2,331 )     -  
        Other comprehensive income
    -       -       -  
     Purchases, sales, issuances and settlements, net
    -       -       -  
     Transfers in and/or out of Level 3
    -       -       -  
Balance at March 31, 2011
  $ 42,306     $ 354     $ -  
Net unrealized (losses) gains included in net income for the quarter relating to assets
     and liabilities held at March 31, 2011
  $ 2,540     $ (2,331 )   $ -  
 

 
 
30

 

Assets and Liabilities Recorded at Fair Value on a Nonrecurring Basis

The following tables present the balances of assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis as of March 31, 2012 and 2011:

   
March 31, 2012
 
                           
Total
 
   
Level 1
   
Level 2
   
Level 3
   
Total
   
Losses
 
Assets:
 
(In thousands)
 
Loans held for sale
  $ -     $ 110,294     $ -     $ 110,294     $ -  
Impaired loans
    -       -       211,112       211,112       (25,546 )
Other real estate owned
    -       -       167,808       167,808       (26,520 )



   
March 31, 2011
 
                           
Total
 
   
Level 1
   
Level 2
   
Level 3
   
Total
   
Losses
 
Assets:
 
(In thousands)
 
Loans held for sale
  $ -     $ 56,876     $ -     $ 56,876     $ -  
Impaired loans
    -       -       338,821       338,821       (49,419 )
Other real estate owned
    -       -       136,412       136,412       (14,738 )


Fair Value of Financial Instruments

FASB ASC 825, Financial Instruments (“FASB ASC 825”), requires that the Company disclose estimated fair values for its financial instruments.  Fair value estimates, methods and assumptions are set forth below for the Company's financial instruments.

Held-to-maturity securities.  Fair value measurement is based upon quoted prices, if available.  If quoted prices are not available, fair values are determined by matrix pricing, which is a mathematical technique widely used in the industry to value debt securities without relying exclusively on quoted prices for the specific securities but rather by relying on the securities’ relationship to other benchmark quoted securities.    The Company’s held-to-maturity securities that are traded on an active exchange, such as the New York Stock Exchange, are classified as Level 1.  Held-to-maturity securities valued using matrix pricing are classified as Level 2.  Held-to-maturity securities valued using matrix pricing that has been adjusted to compensate for the present value of expected cash flows, market liquidity, credit quality and volatility are classified as Level 3.

Loans and Leases.  Fair values are estimated for portfolios of loans and leases with similar financial characteristics.  The fair value of loans and leases is calculated by discounting scheduled cash flows through the estimated maturity using rates the Company would currently offer customers based on the credit and interest rate risk inherent in the loan or lease.  Assumptions regarding credit risk, cash flows and discount rates are judgmentally determined using available market and borrower information.  Estimated maturity represents the expected average cash flow period, which in some instances is different than the stated maturity.  This entrance price approach results in a calculated fair value that would be different than an exit or estimated actual sales price approach and such differences could be significant.  All of the Company’s loans and leases are classified as Level 3.

Deposit Liabilities.  Under FASB ASC 825, the fair value of deposits with no stated maturity, such as noninterest bearing demand deposits, interest bearing demand deposits and savings, is equal to the amount payable on demand as of the reporting date.  The fair value of certificates of deposit is based on the discounted value of contractual cash flows.  The discount rate is estimated using the prevailing rates offered for deposits of similar maturities.  The Company’s noninterest bearing demand deposits, interest bearing demand deposits and savings are classified as Level 1.  Certificates of deposit are classified as Level 2.

Debt.  The carrying amounts for federal funds purchased and repurchase agreements approximate fair value because of their short-term maturity.  The fair value of the Company’s fixed-term Federal Home Loan Bank (“FHLB”) advances is based on the discounted value of contractual cash flows.  The discount rate is estimated using the
 
 
31

 
prevailing rates available for advances of similar maturities.  The fair value of the Company’s junior subordinated debt is based on market prices or dealer quotes.  The Company’s federal funds purchased, repurchase agreements and junior subordinated debt are classified as Level 1.  FHLB advances are classified as Level 2.

Lending Commitments.  The Company’s lending commitments are negotiated at prevailing market rates and are relatively short-term in nature.  As a matter of policy, the Company generally makes commitments for fixed-rate loans for relatively short periods of time.  Therefore, the estimated value of the Company’s lending commitments approximates the carrying amount and is immaterial to the financial statements.  The Company’s lending commitments are classified as Level 1.

The following table presents carrying and fair value information of financial instruments at March 31, 2012 and December 31, 2011:
 

   
March 31, 2012
   
December 31, 2011
 
   
Carrying
   
Fair
   
Carrying
   
Fair
 
   
Value
   
Value
   
Value
   
Value
 
Assets:
 
(In thousands)
 
Cash and due from banks
  $ 184,441     $ 184,441     $ 195,681     $ 195,681  
Interest bearing deposits with other banks
    665,675       665,675       303,663       303,663  
Available-for-sale securities
    2,573,535       2,573,535       2,513,518       2,513,518  
Net loans and leases
    8,556,146       8,605,943       8,675,193       8,730,819  
Loans held for sale
    110,294       110,323       83,458       83,503  
                                 
Liabilities:
                               
Noninterest bearing deposits
    2,260,012       2,260,012       2,269,799       2,269,799  
Savings and interest bearing deposits
    5,964,841       5,964,841       5,698,527       5,698,527  
Other time deposits
    2,857,469       2,901,829       2,986,863       3,029,147  
Federal funds purchased and securities
sold under agreement to repurchase
and other short-term borrowings
    402,589       402,121       375,433       375,285  
Long-term debt and other borrowings
    193,877       205,974       193,880       200,166  
                                 
Derivative instruments:
                               
Forward commitments to sell fixed rate mortgage loans
    (98 )     (98 )     (1,057 )     (1,057 )
Commitments to fund fixed rate mortgage loans
    2,710       2,710       2,140       2,140  
Interest rate swap position to receive
    50,094       50,094       53,608       53,608  
Interest rate swap position to pay
    (50,857 )     (50,857 )     (54,349 )     (54,349 )


NOTE 15 – OTHER NONINTEREST REVENUE AND EXPENSE

The following table details other noninterest revenue for the three months ended March 31, 2012 and 2011:
 
 
32

 

             
   
Three months ended
 
   
March 31,
 
   
2012
   
2011
 
   
(In thousands)
 
Annuity fees
  $ 642     $ 1,296  
Brokerage commissions and fees
    1,438       1,638  
Bank-owned life insurance
    2,613       1,699  
Other miscellaneous income
    4,377       4,683  
   Total other noninterest income
  $ 9,070     $ 9,316  

The following table details other noninterest expense for the three months ended March 31, 2012 and 2011:

   
Three months ended
 
   
March 31,
 
   
2012
   
2011
 
   
(In thousands)
 
Advertising
  $ 841     $ 889  
Foreclosed property expense
    8,409       7,082  
Telecommunications
    2,206       2,143  
Public relations
    1,466       1,514  
Data processing
    2,764       2,301  
Computer software
    1,803       1,848  
Amortization of intangibles
    763       854  
Legal fees
    2,216       2,598  
Postage and shipping
    1,255       1,297  
Other miscellaneous expense
    18,244       17,355  
   Total other noninterest expense
  $ 39,967     $ 37,881  


NOTE 16 – COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENT LIABILITIES

The nature of the Company’s business ordinarily results in a certain amount of claims, litigation, investigations and legal and administrative investigations and proceedings. Although the Company and its subsidiaries have developed policies and procedures to minimize the impact of legal noncompliance and other disputes, and endeavored to provide reasonable insurance coverage, litigation and regulatory actions present an ongoing risk.
The Company and its subsidiaries are engaged in lines of business that are heavily regulated and involve a large volume of financial transactions and potential transactions with numerous customers or applicants. From time to time, borrowers, customers, former employees and other third parties have brought actions against the Company or its subsidiaries, in some cases claiming substantial damages. Financial services companies are subject to the risk of class action litigation and, from time to time, the Company and its subsidiaries are subject to such actions brought against it. Additionally, the Bank is, and management expects it to be, engaged in a number of foreclosure proceedings and other collection actions as part of its lending and leasing collections activities, which, from time to time, have resulted in counterclaims against the Bank. Various legal proceedings have arisen and may arise in the future out of claims against entities to which the Company is a successor as a result of business combinations. The Company’s insurance has deductibles, and will likely not cover all such litigation or other proceedings or the costs of defense. The Company and its subsidiaries may also be subject to enforcement actions by federal or state regulators, including the Securities and Exchange Commission, the Federal Reserve, the FDIC, the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau, the Department of Justice, state attorneys general and the Mississippi Department of Banking and Consumer Finance.
When and as the Company determines it has meritorious defenses to the claims asserted, it vigorously defends against such claims. The Company will consider settlement of claims when, in management’s judgment and in consultation with counsel, it is in the best interests of the Company to do so.
 
 
33

 
 The Company cannot predict with certainty the cost of defense, the cost of prosecution or the ultimate outcome of litigation and other proceedings filed by or against it, its directors, management or employees, including remedies or damage awards. On at least a quarterly basis, the Company assesses its liabilities and contingencies in connection with outstanding legal proceedings as well as certain threatened claims (which are not considered incidental to the ordinary conduct of the Company’s business) utilizing the latest and most reliable information available. For matters where a loss is not probable or the amount of the loss cannot be estimated, no accrual is established. For matters where it is probable the Company will incur a loss and the amount can be reasonably estimated, the Company establishes an accrual for the loss. Once established, the accrual is adjusted periodically to reflect any relevant developments. The actual cost of any outstanding legal proceedings or threatened claims, however, may turn out to be substantially higher than the amount accrued. Further, the Company’s insurance will not cover all such litigation, other proceedings or claims, or the costs of defense.
While the final outcome of any legal proceedings is inherently uncertain, based on the information available, advice of counsel and available insurance coverage, management believes that the litigation-related expense accrued as of March 31, 2012 is adequate and that any incremental liability arising from the Company’s legal proceedings and threatened claims, including the matters described herein and those otherwise arising in the ordinary course of business, will not have a material adverse effect on the Company's business or consolidated financial condition. It is possible, however, that future developments could result in an unfavorable outcome for or resolution of any one or more of the lawsuits in which the Company or its subsidiaries are defendants, which may be material to the Company’s results of operations for a given fiscal period.
On May 12, 2010, the Company and its Chief Executive Officer, President and Chief Financial Officer were named in a purported class action lawsuit filed in the U.S. District Court for the Middle District of Tennessee on behalf of certain purchasers of the Company’s common stock. On September 17, 2010, an Executive Vice President of the Company was added as a party to the lawsuit. The amended complaint alleges that the defendants issued materially false and misleading statements regarding the Company’s business and financial results. In particular, the allegations relate to the Company’s recording and reporting of its unaudited financial statements, including the allowance and provision for credit losses, and its internal control over financial reporting leading up to the filing of the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2009. The plaintiff seeks class certification, an unspecified amount of damages and awards of costs and attorneys’ fees and other equitable relief. No class has been certified and, at this stage of the lawsuit, management cannot determine the probability of an unfavorable outcome to the Company. There are significant uncertainties involved in any purported class action litigation.  Although it is not possible to predict the ultimate resolution or financial liability with respect to this litigation, management is currently of the opinion that the outcome of this lawsuit will not have a material adverse effect on the Company’s business, consolidated financial position or results of operations. 
On August 16, 2011, a shareholder filed a putative derivative action purportedly on behalf of the Company in the Circuit Court of Lee County, Mississippi, against certain current and past executive officers and the members of the Board of Directors of the Company. The plaintiff in this shareholder derivative lawsuit asserts that the individual defendants violated their fiduciary duties based upon substantially the same facts as alleged in the purported class action lawsuit described above. The plaintiff is seeking to recover damages in an unspecified amount and equitable and/or injunctive relief. Although it is not possible to predict the ultimate resolution or financial liability with respect to this litigation, management is currently of the opinion that the outcome of this lawsuit will not have a material adverse effect on the Company’s business, consolidated financial position or results of operations.
In November 2010, the Company was informed that the Atlanta Regional Office of the SEC had issued an Order of Investigation concerning the Company.  This investigation is ongoing and is primarily focused on the Company’s recording and reporting of its unaudited financial statements, including the allowance and provision for credit losses, its internal control over financial reporting and its communications with the independent auditors prior to the filing of the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2009.  In connection with its investigation, the SEC issued subpoenas for documents and testimony, with which the Company has fully complied.  The Company is cooperating fully with the SEC. No claims have been made by the SEC against the Company or against any individuals affiliated with the Company. At this time, it is not possible to predict when or how the investigation will be resolved or the cost or potential liabilities associated with this matter.
On May 18, 2010, the Bank was named as a defendant in a purported class action lawsuit filed by an Arkansas customer of the Bank in the U.S. District Court for the Northern District of Florida. The suit challenges the manner in which overdraft fees were charged and the policies related to posting order of debit card and ATM transactions. The suit also makes a claim under Arkansas’ consumer protection statute. The plaintiff is seeking to
 
 
34

recover damages in an unspecified amount and equitable relief. The case was transferred to pending multi-district litigation in the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of Florida. On May 4, 2012, the judge presiding over the multi-district litigation entered an order certifying a class in this case.  Management of the Company plans to file a petition for leave to appeal the class certification order, which, if granted, would provide the Company with an immediate right to appeal the class certification order.  At this state of the lawsuit, management of the Company cannot determine the probability of an unfavorable outcome to the Company. There are significant uncertainties involved in any purported class action litigation.  Although it is not possible to predict the ultimate resolution or financial liability with respect to this litigation, management is currently of the opinion that the outcome of this lawsuit will not have a material adverse effect on the Company’s business, consolidated financial position or results of operations. However, there can be no assurance that an adverse outcome or settlement would not have a material adverse effect on the Company’s consolidated results of operations for a given fiscal period.

 
ITEM 2.  MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS.

FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

Certain statements contained in this report may not be based on historical facts and are “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. These forward-looking statements may be identified by reference to a future period(s) or by the use of forward-looking terminology, such as “anticipate,”  “assume,” “believe,” “estimate,” “expect,” “may,” “might,” “will,” “intend,” “indicated,” “could,” or “would,” or future or conditional verb tenses, and variations or negatives of such terms. These forward-looking statements include, without limitation, those relating to amortization expense for intangible assets, loan impairment, utilization of appraisals and inspections for real estate loans, maturity, renewal or extension of construction, acquisition and development loans, net interest revenue, estimates of fair value discount rates, fair values of  available-for-sale securities, the amount of the Company’s non-performing loans and leases, credit quality, credit losses, liquidity, off-balance sheet commitments and arrangements, valuation of mortgage servicing rights, allowance and provision for credit losses, continued weakness in the economic environment, early identification and resolution of credit issues, utilization of non-GAAP financial measures, the ability of the Company to collect all amounts due according to the contractual terms of loan agreements, the Company’s reserve for losses from representation and warranty obligations,  the Company’s foreclosure process related to mortgage loans, the impact of the Durbin Debit Interchange Amendment on the Company’s debit card revenue, the resolution of non-performing loans that are collaterally dependent, real estate values, fully-indexed interest rates, interest rate risk, interest rate sensitivity, calculation of economic value of equity, impaired loan charge-offs, troubled debt restructurings, diversification of the Company’s revenue stream, liquidity needs and strategies, sources of funding, net interest margin, declaration and payment of dividends, future acquisitions and consideration to be used therefore, the use of proceeds from the Company’s underwritten public offering and the impact of certain claims, legal and administrative proceedings and pending litigation. We caution you not to place undue reliance on the forward-looking statements contained in this report, in that actual results could differ materially from those indicated in such forward-looking statements as a result of a variety of factors. These factors may include, but are not limited to, conditions in the financial markets and economic conditions generally, the ongoing debt crisis and the downgrade of the sovereign credit ratings for various nations, the adequacy of the Company’s provision and allowance for credit losses to cover actual credit losses, the credit risk associated with real estate construction, acquisition and development loans, losses resulting from the significant amount of the Company’s other real estate owned, limitations on the Company’s ability to declare and pay dividends, the impact of legal or administrative proceedings, the availability of capital on favorable terms if and when needed, liquidity risk, governmental regulation, including the Dodd Frank Act,  and supervision of the Company’s operations, the impact of regulations on service charges on the Company’s core deposit accounts, the susceptibility of the Company’s business to local economic conditions, the soundness of other financial institutions, changes in interest rates, the impact of monetary policies and economic factors on the Company’s ability to attract deposits or make loans, volatility in capital and credit markets, reputational risk, the impact of hurricanes or other adverse weather events, any requirement that the Company write down goodwill or other intangible assets, diversification in the types of financial services the Company offers, competition with other financial services companies, risks in connection with completed or potential acquisitions, the Company’s growth strategy, interruptions or breaches in the Company’s information system security, the failure of certain third party vendors to
 
35

 
 
perform, dilution caused by the Company’s issuance of any additional shares of its common stock to raise capital or acquire other banks, bank holding companies, financial holding companies and insurance agencies, the effectiveness of the Company’s internal controls, other factors generally understood to affect the financial results of financial services companies and other factors detailed from time to time in the Company’s press releases and filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission.  We undertake no obligation to update these forward-looking statements to reflect events or circumstances that occur after the date of this report.

OVERVIEW

BancorpSouth, Inc. (the “Company”) is a regional financial holding company headquartered in Tupelo, Mississippi with $13.3 billion in assets at March 31, 2012.  BancorpSouth Bank (the “Bank”), the Company’s wholly-owned banking subsidiary, has commercial banking operations in Mississippi, Tennessee, Alabama, Arkansas, Texas, Louisiana, Florida and Missouri.  The Bank’s insurance agency subsidiary also operates an office in Illinois.  The Bank and its consumer finance, credit insurance, insurance agency and brokerage subsidiaries provide commercial banking, leasing, mortgage origination and servicing, insurance, brokerage and trust services to corporate customers, local governments, individuals and other financial institutions through an extensive network of branches and offices.
Management’s discussion and analysis provides a narrative discussion of the Company’s financial condition and results of operations.  For a complete understanding of the following discussion, you should refer to the unaudited consolidated financial statements for the three-month periods ended March 31, 2012 and 2011 and the notes to such financial statements found under “Part I, Item 1. Financial Statements” of this report.  This discussion and analysis is based on reported financial information.  The information that follows is provided to enhance comparability of financial information between years and to provide a better understanding of the Company’s operations.
As a financial holding company, the financial condition and operating results of the Company are heavily influenced by economic trends nationally and in the specific markets in which the Company’s subsidiaries provide financial services.  Generally, during the past several years, the pressures of the national and regional economic cycle have created a difficult operating environment for the financial services industry.  The Company is not immune to such pressures and the continuing economic downturn has had a negative impact on the Company and its customers in all of the markets that it serves.  While this impact has been reflected in the credit quality measures during the past two years, the Company’s financial condition at March 31, 2012 indicates decreases in the allowance for credit losses, total NPLs and non-performing assets (“NPAs”), and near-term past dues when compared to December 31, 2012 and March 31, 2011.  Management believes that the Company is well positioned with respect to overall credit quality as evidenced by this improvement in credit quality metrics at March 31, 2012 compared to December 31, 2011 and March 31, 2011.  Management believes, however, that continued weakness in the economic environment could adversely affect the strength of the credit quality of the Company’s assets overall.  Therefore, management will continue to focus on early identification and resolution of any credit issues.
The largest source of the Company’s revenue is derived from the operation of its principal operating subsidiary, the Bank.  The financial condition and operating results of the Bank are affected by the level and volatility of interest rates on loans, investment securities, deposits and other borrowed funds, and the impact of economic downturns on loan demand, collateral value and creditworthiness of existing borrowers.  The financial services industry is highly competitive and heavily regulated.  The Company’s success depends on its ability to compete aggressively within its markets while maintaining sufficient asset quality and cost controls to generate net income.
In the first quarter of 2012, the Company’s debit card revenue decreased by $3.2 million compared to the first quarter of 2011.  Management estimates that debit card revenue could be reduced by approximately $13.0 million in 2012 compared to 2011, as a result of the impact of the final rule implementing the Durbin Debt Interchange Amendment to the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act (the “Durbin Amendment”).  This estimate is based on management’s assumptions that revenue associated with consumer signature activity would be 58% of the level prior to the implementation of the Durbin Amendment, revenue associated with business signature activity would be 12% of the level prior to the implementation of the Durbin Amendment and revenue associated with consumer and business PIN activity would be 80% of the level prior to the implementation of the Durbin Amendment.
The information that follows is provided to enhance comparability of financial information between periods and to provide a better understanding of the Company’s operations.
 
 
36

 

SELECTED FINANCIAL QUARTERLY DATA
           
             
   
Three months ended
 
   
March 31,
 
   
2012
   
2011
 
   
(Dollars in thousands, except per share data)
 
             
Earnings Summary:
           
Total interest revenue
  $ 125,375     $ 138,828  
Total interest expense
    19,765       29,391  
Net interest income
    105,610       109,437  
Provision for credit losses
    10,000       53,479  
Noninterest income
    72,360       68,311  
Noninterest expense
    135,680       130,010  
Income (loss) before income taxes
    32,290       (5,741 )
Income tax expense (benefit)
    9,424       (5,247 )
Net income (loss)
  $ 22,866     $ (494 )
                 
Balance Sheet - Period-end balances:
               
Total assets
  $ 13,307,572     $ 13,547,238  
Total securities
    2,573,535       2,812,666  
Loans and leases, net of unearned income
    8,737,923       9,213,836  
Total deposits
    11,082,322       11,464,114  
Long-term debt
    33,500       110,000  
Total shareholders' equity
    1,392,199       1,211,061  
                 
Balance Sheet-Average Balances:
               
Total assets
  $ 13,088,358     $ 13,539,763  
Total securities
    2,507,941       2,738,415  
Loans and leases, net of unearned income
    8,791,542       9,299,984  
Total deposits
    11,043,952       11,497,638  
Long-term debt
    33,500       110,000  
Total shareholders' equity
    1,363,709       1,219,399  
                 
Common Share Data:
               
Basic earnings (loss) per share
  $ 0.25     $ (0.01 )
Diluted earnings (loss) per share
    0.25       (0.01 )
Cash dividends per share
    0.01       0.11  
Book value per share
    14.74       14.51  
Dividend payout ratio
    4.00 %   NM %  
                 
Financial Ratios (Annualized):
               
Return on average assets
    0.70 %     (0.01 ) %
Return on average shareholders' equity
    6.74       (0.16 )
Total shareholders' equity to total assets
    10.46       8.94  
Tangible shareholders' equity to tangible assets
    8.49       6.95  
Net interest margin-fully taxable equivalent
    3.66       3.69  
                 
Credit Quality Ratios (Annualized):
               
Net charge-offs to average loans and leases
    1.06 %     2.24 %
Provision for credit losses to average loans and leases
    0.45       2.30  
Allowance for credit losses to net loans and leases
    2.08       2.15  
Allowance for credit losses to NPLs
    63.73       46.66  
Allowance for credit losses to NPAs
    40.12       35.33  
NPLs to net loans and leases
    3.26       4.61  
NPAs to net loans and leases
    5.18       6.09  
                 
Captial Adequacy:
               
Tier I capital
    13.22 %     10.65 %
Total capital
    14.47       11.92  
Tier I leverage capital
    9.85       8.01  
                 
NM=Not meaningful
 
 
 
37

 
 
In addition to financial ratios based on measures defined by accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (“U.S. GAAP”), the Company utilizes tangible shareholders’ equity and tangible asset measures when evaluating the performance of the Company.  Tangible shareholders’ equity is defined by the Company as total shareholders’ equity less goodwill and identifiable intangible assets.  Tangible assets are defined by the Company as total assets less goodwill and identifiable intangible assets.  Management believes the ratio of tangible shareholders’ equity to tangible assets to be an important measure of financial strength of the Company.  The following table reconciles tangible assets and tangible shareholders’ equity as presented above to U.S. GAAP financial measures as reflected in the Company’s unaudited consolidated financial statements:


   
March 31,
 
   
2012
   
2011
 
   
(Dollars, in thousands)
 
Tangible Assets:
           
   Total assets
  $ 13,307,572     $ 13,547,238  
   Less:  Goodwill
    271,297       271,297  
            Other identifiable intangible assets
    15,850       18,844  
   Total tangible assets
  $ 13,020,425     $ 13,257,097  
                 
Tangible Shareholders' Equity
               
   Total shareholders' equity
  $ 1,392,199     $ 1,211,061  
   Less:  Goodwill
    271,297       271,297  
            Other identifiable intangible assets
    15,850       18,844  
   Total tangible shareholders' equity
  $ 1,105,052     $ 920,920  
                 
                 
Tangible shareholders' equity to tangible assets
    8.49 %     6.95 %


FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS

The Company reported net income of $22.9 million for the first quarter of 2012, compared to a net loss of approximately $494,000 for the same quarter of 2011.  The decreased provision for credit losses was the most significant factor contributing to the increase in net income, as the charge in the first quarter of 2012 was $10.0 million, compared to a charge of $53.5 million during the first quarter of 2011.  Net charge-offs decreased to $23.3 million, or 1.06% of average loans and leases, during the first quarter of 2012, compared to $52.1 million, or 2.24% of average loans and leases, during the first quarter of 2011.  The decrease in the provision for credit losses reflected the impact of a significant decrease in NPL formation during the first quarter of 2012 as NPLs decreased from $322.3 million at December 30, 2011 to $285.2 million at March 31, 2012.  The impact of the economic environment continues to be evident on real estate consumer mortgage and construction, acquisition and development loans and more specifically on residential construction, acquisition and development loans.  Many of these loans have become collateral-dependent, requiring recognition of an impairment loss to reflect the decline in real estate values.  The Company has continued its focus on improving credit quality and reducing NPLs especially in the real estate construction, acquisition and development loan portfolio as evidenced by the decrease in that portfolio’s nonaccrual loans of $17.5 million to $115.6 million at March 31, 2012 from $133.1 million at December 31, 2011.
The primary source of revenue for the Company is the net interest revenue earned by the Bank.  Net interest revenue is the difference between interest earned on loans, investments and other earning assets and interest paid on deposits and other obligations.  Net interest revenue was $105.6 million for the first quarter of 2012, a decrease of $3.8 million, or 3.5%, from $109.4 million for the first quarter of 2011.  Net interest revenue is affected by the general level of interest rates, changes in interest rates and changes in the amount and composition of interest earning assets and interest bearing liabilities.  The Company’s objective is to manage those assets and liabilities to maximize net interest revenue, while balancing interest rate, credit, liquidity and capital risks.  The Company experienced an increase in lower rate savings deposits and a decrease in higher rate other time deposits, which resulted in a decrease in interest expense of $9.6 million, or 32.8%, in the first quarter of 2012 compared to the first quarter of 2011.  The decrease in net interest revenue for the first quarter of 2012 was a result of the decrease in
 
 
38

 
 
interest expense being more than offset by the decrease in interest revenue that resulted from the declining interest rate environment combined with the low loan demand as interest revenue decreased $13.5 million, or 9.7%, in the first quarter of 2012 compared to the first quarter of 2011.  Real estate construction, acquisition and development loans decreased $50.3 million, or 5.5%, to $858.1 million at March 31, 2012 from $908.4 million at December 31, 2011.  While loan demand has been weak, the Company has managed to replace some loan runoff with new loan production, primarily in its Texas and Louisiana markets.
The Company attempts to diversify its revenue stream by increasing the amount of revenue received from mortgage lending operations, insurance agency activities, brokerage and securities activities and other activities that generate fee income.  Management believes this diversification is important to reduce the impact of fluctuations in net interest revenue on the overall operating results of the Company.  Noninterest revenue increased $4.0 million, or 5.9%, for the first quarter of 2012 compared to the first quarter of 2011.  The primary contributor to the increase in noninterest revenue for the first quarter of 2012 was the increase in mortgage lending revenue to $15.1 million for the first quarter of 2012 compared to $7.6 million for the first quarter of 2011.  The increase in mortgage lending revenue was primarily related to the increase in mortgage originations.  Mortgage origination volume increased in the first quarter of 2012 to $395.1 million from $202.8 million for the first quarter of 2011.  The increased level of mortgage origination volume resulted in an increase in origination revenue to $9.7 million in the first quarter of 2012 compared to $3.2 million in the first quarter of 2011.  Mortgage lending revenue was also positively impacted by the increase in the fair value of MSRs.  The fair value of MSRs increased $3.7 million during the first quarter of 2012 compared to an increase of $2.5 million for the first quarter of 2011.
 The increase in noninterest revenue was somewhat offset by the decrease in service charges, credit card, debit card and merchant fees, and trust income as these noninterest revenues decreased 13.6% in the aggregate in the first quarter of 2012 compared to the first quarter of 2011.  Bank-owned life insurance revenue increased 53.8% for the comparable three-month period of 2011 as a result of the Company recording life insurance proceeds of approximately $872,000 during the first three months of 2012.  There were no significant non-recurring noninterest revenue items during the first quarter of 2011.
Noninterest expense increased 4.4% to $135.7 million for the first quarter of 2012 compared to $130.0 million for the first quarter of 2011.  The increase in noninterest expense for the first quarter of 2012 was primarily related to the increase in salaries and employee benefits expense to $74.9 million for the first quarter of 2012 compared to $70.4 million for the first quarter of 2011.  The increase in salaries and employee benefits was primarily related to increases in FICA taxes, employee benefits and incentive compensation during the first quarter of 2012 compared to the first quarter of 2011.  Contributing to the increase in noninterest expense for the first quarter of 2012 was the increase in foreclosed property expense of $1.3 million, or 18.7%, to $8.4 million for the first quarter of 2012 compared to $7.1 million for the first quarter of 2011.  Foreclosed property expense increased primarily as a result of the increase in the number of properties owned.  The Company continues to focus attention on controlling noninterest expense.  The major components of net income are discussed in more detail in the various sections that follow.

 
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
 
 
Net Interest Revenue

Net interest revenue is the difference between interest revenue earned on assets, such as loans, leases and securities, and interest expense paid on liabilities, such as deposits and borrowings, and continues to provide the Company with its principal source of revenue.  Net interest revenue is affected by the general level of interest rates, changes in interest rates and changes in the amount and composition of interest earning assets and interest bearing liabilities.  The Company’s long-term objective is to manage interest earning assets and interest bearing liabilities to maximize net interest revenue, while balancing interest rate, credit and liquidity risk.  Net interest margin is determined by dividing fully taxable equivalent net interest revenue by average earning assets.  For purposes of the following discussion, revenue from tax-exempt loans and investment securities has been adjusted to a fully taxable equivalent (“FTE”) basis, using an effective tax rate of 35%.  The following tables present average interest earning assets, average interest bearing liabilities, net interest revenue-FTE, net interest margin-FTE and net interest rate spread for the three months ended March 31, 2012 and 2011:
 

 
39

 
 
   
Three months ended March 31,
 
   
2012
   
2011
 
   
Average
         
Yield/
   
Average
         
Yield/
 
   
Balance
   
Interest
   
Rate
   
Balance
   
Interest
   
Rate
 
ASSETS
 
(Dollars in millions, yields on taxable equivalent basis)
 
Loans and leases (net of unearned income) (1)(2)
  $ 8,791.5     $ 109.9       5.03 %   $ 9,300.0     $ 118.2       5.15 %
Loans held for sale
    61.3       0.5       3.57 %     39.1       0.4       4.64 %
Held-to-maturity securities:
                                               
  Taxable (3)
    -       -       -       1,322.7       8.1       2.49 %
  Non-taxable (4)
    -       -       -       330.6       5.2       6.32 %
Available-for-sale securities:
                                               
  Taxable (5)
    2,058.9       11.3       2.20 %     1,014.4       8.6       3.43 %
  Non-taxable (6)
    449.1       6.5       5.86 %     70.7       1.3       7.27 %
Federal funds sold, securities
purchased under agreement to resell
and short-term investments
    603.9       0.4       0.27 %     317.3       0.2       0.32 %
    Total interest earning assets and revenue
    11,964.7       128.6       4.32 %     12,394.8       142.0       4.65 %
Other assets
    1,325.8                       1,363.1                  
Less:  Allowance for credit losses
    (202.1 )                     (218.1 )                
                                                 
    Total
  $ 13,088.4                     $ 13,539.8                  
                                                 
LIABILITIES AND
                                               
SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY
                                               
Deposits:
                                               
  Demand - interest bearing
  $ 4,960.1     $ 4.4       0.36 %   $ 5,153.1     $ 6.5       0.52 %
  Savings
    1,027.6       0.7       0.28 %     897.3       0.8       0.37 %
  Other time
    2,916.9       11.3       1.56 %     3,553.6       17.5       2.00 %
Federal funds purchased, securities
   sold under agreement to repurchase,
   short-term FHLB borrowings
   and other short term borrowings
    359.7       0.1       0.09 %     433.7       0.2       0.18 %
Junior subordinated debt securities
    160.3       2.9       7.22 %     160.3       2.9       7.23 %
Long-term  FHLB borrowings
    33.5       0.4       4.19 %     110.0       1.5       5.47 %
  Total interest bearing liabilities and expense
    9,458.1       19.8       0.84 %     10,308.0       29.4       1.16 %
                                                 
Demand deposits -noninterest bearing
    2,139.4                       1,893.7                  
Other liabilities
    127.2                       118.7                  
  Total liabilities
    11,724.7                       12,320.4                  
Shareholders' equity
    1,363.7                       1,219.4                  
  Total
  $ 13,088.4                     $ 13,539.8                  
Net interest revenue-FTE
          $ 108.8                     $ 112.6          
Net interest margin-FTE
                    3.66 %                     3.69 %
Net interest rate spread
                    3.48 %                     3.49 %
Interest bearing liabilities to interest earning assets
                    79.05 %                     83.16 %
(1) Includes taxable equivalent adjustment to interest of $0.9 million and $0.8 million for the three months ended March 31, 2012 and 2011, respectively, using an effective tax rate of 35%.
(2)  Includes non-accrual loans.
(3) Includes taxable equivalent adjustment to interest of $0.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2011 using an effective tax rate of 35%.
(4) Includes taxable equivalent adjustments to interest of $1.8 million for the three months ended March 31, 2011 using an effective tax rate of 35%.
(5) Includes taxable equivalent adjustment to interest of $0.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2012 using an effective tax rate of 35%.
(6) Includes taxable equivalent adjustment to interest of $2.3 million and $0.4 million for the three months ended March 31, 2012 and 2011, respectively, using an effective tax rate of 35%.


 
40

 
Net interest revenue-FTE for the three-month period ended March 31, 2012 decreased $3.8 million, or 3.4%, compared to the same period in 2011.  The decrease in net interest revenue-FTE was primarily a result of the increase in short-term investments resulting from excess liquidity coupled with the continued lack of loan growth, as the short-term investments have lower average rates earned than the average rates paid on interest bearing liabilities.
Interest revenue-FTE for the three-month period ended March 31, 2012 decreased $13.4 million, or 9.4%, compared to the same period in 2011.  The decrease in interest revenue-FTE was a result of the increase in lower rate securities combined with the declining loan yields, as interest rates continued to be at historically low levels resulting in a decrease in the yield on average interest-earning assets of 33 basis points for the first quarter of 2012 compared to the same period in 2011.  Average interest-earning assets decreased $430.1 million, or 3.5%, for the three-month period ended March 31, 2012, compared to the same period in 2011.  The decrease in average interest-earning assets was primarily a result of the larger decrease in net loans and leases and securities than the increase in short-term investment resulting from excess liquidity.
Interest expense for the three-month period ended March 31, 2012 decreased $9.6 million, or 32.8%, compared to the same period in 2011.  The decrease in interest expense was a result of the increase in average lower cost savings deposits combined with the decrease in interest bearing and other time deposit and their corresponding rates, coupled with the decrease in higher rate long-term Federal Home Loan Bank (“FHLB”) borrowings.  This activity resulted in an overall decrease in the average rate paid of 32 basis points for the first quarter of 2012 compared to the first quarter of 2011.  Average interest bearing liabilities decreased $849.9 million, or 8.2%, for the three-month period ended March 31, 2012 compared to the same period in 2011.  The decrease in average interest bearing liabilities was a result of increases in average lower cost savings deposits being more than offset by decreases in average interest bearing demand deposits, other time deposits, short-term borrowings and long-term borrowings.
Net interest margin was 3.66% for the three months ended March 31, 2012, a decrease of three basis points from 3.69% for the three months ended March 31, 2012.  The slight decrease in the net interest margin was primarily a result of weak loan demand and an increase in short-term investments having lower yields than those earned on the loan portfolio.

Interest Rate Sensitivity

The interest rate sensitivity gap is the difference between the maturity or repricing opportunities of interest sensitive assets and interest sensitive liabilities for a given period of time.  A prime objective of the Company’s asset/liability management is to maximize net interest margin while maintaining a reasonable mix of interest sensitive assets and liabilities.  The following table presents the Company’s interest rate sensitivity at March 31, 2012:

 
41

 

   
Interest Rate Sensitivity - Maturing or Repricing Opportunities
 
         
91 Days
   
Over One
       
   
0 to 90
   
to
   
Year to
   
Over
 
   
Days
   
One Year
   
Five Years
   
Five Years
 
   
(In thousands)
 
Interest earning assets:
                       
Interest bearing deposits with banks
  $ 665,675     $ -     $ -     $ -  
Available-for-sale and trading securities
    173,122       240,190       1,338,800       821,423  
Loans and leases, net of unearned income
    3,973,991       1,650,144       2,754,284       359,504  
Loans held for sale
    95,112       254       1,485       13,443  
  Total interest earning assets
    4,907,900       1,890,588       4,094,569       1,194,370  
Interest bearing liabilities:
                               
Interest bearing demand deposits and savings
    5,964,841       -       -       -  
Other time deposits
    510,140       1,244,068       1,103,017       244  
Federal funds purchased and securities
sold under agreement to repurchase,
short-term FHLB borrowings and other
short-term borrowings
    401,089       1,500       -       -  
                                 
Long-term FHLB borrowings and junior subordinated debt securities
    -       -       3,500       190,312  
Other
    -       -       65       -  
  Total interest bearing liabilities
    6,876,070       1,245,568       1,106,582       190,556  
Interest rate sensitivity gap
  $ (1,968,170 )   $ 645,020     $ 2,987,987     $ 1,003,814  
Cumulative interest sensitivity gap
  $ (1,968,170 )   $ (1,323,150 )   $ 1,664,837     $ 2,668,651  

In the event interest rates increase after March 31, 2012, based on this interest rate sensitivity gap, the Company would likely experience decreased net interest revenue in the following one-year period, as the cost of funds would increase at a more rapid rate than interest revenue on interest-earning assets.  Conversely, in the event interest rates decline after March 31, 2012, based on this interest rate sensitivity gap, it is likely that the Company would experience slightly increased net interest revenue in the following one-year period.  It should be noted that the balances shown in the table above are at March 31, 2012 and may not be reflective of positions at other times during the year or in subsequent periods.  Allocations to specific interest rate sensitivity periods are based on the earlier of maturity or repricing dates.   The elevated liability sensitivity in the 0 to 90 day category as compared to other categories was primarily a result of the Company’s utilization of shorter term, lower cost deposits to fund earning assets.
As of March 31, 2012, the Bank had $1.9 billion in variable rate loans with interest rates determined by a floor, or minimum rate.  This portion of the loan portfolio had an average interest rate earned of 4.63%, an average maturity of 30 months and a fully-indexed interest rate of 3.71% at March 31, 2012.  The fully-indexed interest rate is the interest rate that these loans would be earning without the effect of interest rate floors.  While the Bank benefits from interest rate floors in the current interest rate environment, loans currently earning their floored interest rate may not experience an immediate impact on the interest rate earned should key indices rise.  Key indices include, but are not limited to, the Bank’s prime rate, the Wall Street Journal prime rate and the London Interbank Offering Rate.  At March 31, 2012, the Company had $934.5 million, $1.2 billion and $724.1 million in variable rate loans with interest rates tied to the Bank’s prime rate, the Wall Street Journal prime rate and the London Interbank Offering Rate, respectively.  The Bank’s net interest margin may be negatively impacted by the timing and magnitude of a rise in key indices.

Interest Rate Risk Management

Interest rate risk refers to the potential changes in net interest income and Economic Value of Equity (“EVE”) resulting from adverse movements in interest rates.  EVE is defined as the net present value of the balance sheet’s cash flow.  EVE is calculated by discounting projected principal and interest cash flows under the current interest rate environment.  The present value of asset cash flows less the present value of liability cash flows derives
 
 
42

 
the net present value of the Company’s balance sheet.  The Company’s Asset / Liability Committee utilizes financial simulation models to measure interest rate exposure.  These models are designed to simulate the cash flow and accrual characteristics of the Company’s balance sheet.  In addition, the models incorporate assumptions about the direction and volatility of interest rates, the slope of the yield curve, and the changing composition of the Company’s balance sheet arising from both strategic plans and customer behavior.  Finally, management makes assumptions regarding loan and deposit growth, pricing, and prepayment speeds.
The sensitivity analysis included below delineates the percentage change in net interest income and EVE derived from instantaneous parallel rate shifts of plus and minus 400, 300, 200 and 100 basis points.  The impact of minus 400, 300, 200 and 100 basis point rate shocks as of March 31, 2012 and 2011 was not considered meaningful because of the historically low interest rate environment.  Variances were calculated from the base case scenario, which reflected prevailing market rates.  For the tables below, management assumed all non-maturity deposits had an average life of one day for calculating EVE.  In addition, management assumed a beta value of 1, or 100%, for all non-term deposits for purposes of calculating net interest income instantaneous rate shocks.  “Beta,” in the context of deposit rates, is defined as the percentage change in interest rate paid given a change in market rates.  Calculations using the aforementioned assumptions are designed to delineate maximum risk exposure.


   
Net Interest Income
 
   
% Variance from Base Case Scenario
 
Rate Shock
 
March 31, 2012
   
March 31, 2011
 
+400 basis points
    -12.1%    
NA
 
+300 basis points
    -9.8%    
NA
 
+200 basis points
    -7.4%       -7.4%  
+100 basis points
    -4.3%       -4.1%  
 -100 basis points
 
NM
   
NM
 
 -200 basis points
 
NM
   
NM
 
 -300 basis points
 
NM
   
NM
 
 -400 basis points
 
NM
   
NM
 
NM=not meaningful
NA=not available



   
Economic Value of Equity
 
   
% Variance from Base Case Scenario
 
Rate Shock
 
March 31, 2012
   
March 31, 2011
 
+400 basis points
    -34.4%    
NA
 
+300 basis points
    -27.0%    
NA
 
+200 basis points
    -19.2%       -14.7%  
+100 basis points
    -10.4%       -7.9%  
 -100 basis points
 
NM
   
NM
 
 -200 basis points
 
NM
   
NM
 
 -300 basis points
 
NM
   
NM
 
 -400 basis points
 
NM
   
NM
 
NM=not meaningful
NA=not available


In addition to instantaneous rate shocks, the Company monitors interest rate exposure through simulations of gradual interest rate changes over a 12-month time horizon.  The results of these analyses are included in the following table:

   
Net Interest Income
 
   
% Variance from Base Case Scenario
 
Rate Ramp
 
March 31, 2012
   
March 31, 2011
 
+200 basis points
    -6.3%       -6.2%  
 -200 basis points
 
NM
   
NM
 
NM=not meaningful
 

 
 
43

 
 
For the tables below, average life assumptions and beta values for non-maturity deposits were estimated based on the historical behavior.  Calculations using these assumptions are designed to delineate more precise risk exposure under the various shock scenarios.


   
Net Interest Income
   
% Variance from Base Case Scenario
Rate Shock
 
March 31, 2012
 
March 31, 2011
+400 basis points
    9.2%  
NA
+300 basis points
    11.2%  
NA
+200 basis points
    9.8%  
NA
+100 basis points
    4.3%  
NA
 -100 basis points
 
NM
 
NM
 -200 basis points
 
NM
 
NM
 -300 basis points
 
NM
 
NM
 -400 basis points
 
NM
 
NM
NM=not meaningful
NA=not available



   
Economic Value of Equity
   
% Variance from Base Case Scenario
Rate Shock
 
March 31, 2012
 
March 31, 2011
+400 basis points
    -24.2%  
NA
+300 basis points
    -17.1%  
NA
+200 basis points
    -11.0%  
NA
+100 basis points
    -6.3%  
NA
 -100 basis points
 
NM
 
NM
 -200 basis points
 
NM
 
NM
 -300 basis points
 
NM
 
NM
 -400 basis points
 
NM
 
NM
NM=not meaningful
NA=not available



   
Net Interest Income
   
% Variance from Base Case Scenario
Rate Ramp
 
March 31, 2012
 
March 31, 2011
+200 basis points
    4.5%  
NA
 -200 basis points
 
NM
 
NM
NM=not meaningful
NA=not available


Provision for Credit Losses and Allowance for Credit Losses

In the normal course of business, the Bank assumes risks in extending credit.  The Bank manages these risks through underwriting in accordance with its lending policies, loan review procedures and the diversification of its loan and lease portfolio.  Although it is not possible to predict credit losses with certainty, management regularly reviews the characteristics of the loan and lease portfolio to determine its overall risk profile and quality.
The provision for credit losses is the periodic cost of providing an allowance or reserve for estimated probable losses on loans and leases.  The Bank’s Board of Directors has appointed a loan loss reserve valuation committee (the “Loan Loss Committee”), which bases its estimates of credit losses on three primary components:  (1) estimates of inherent losses that may exist in various segments of performing loans and leases; (2) specifically identified losses in individually analyzed credits; and (3) qualitative factors that may impact the performance of the loan and lease portfolio.  Factors such as financial condition of the borrower and guarantor, recent credit
 
 
44

 
performance, delinquency, liquidity, cash flows, collateral type and value are used to assess credit risk.  Expected loss estimates are influenced by the historical losses experienced by the Bank for loans and leases of comparable creditworthiness and structure.  Specific loss assessments are performed for loans and leases of significant size and delinquency based upon the collateral protection and expected future cash flows to determine the amount of impairment under FASB ASC 310, Receivables (“FASB ASC 310”).  In addition, qualitative factors such as changes in economic and business conditions, concentrations of risk, loan and lease growth, acquisitions and changes in portfolio risk resulting from regulatory changes are considered in determining the adequacy of the level of the allowance for credit losses.
Attention is paid to the quality of the loan and lease portfolio through a formal loan review process. An independent loan review department of the Bank is responsible for reviewing the credit rating and classification of individual credits and assessing trends in the portfolio, adherence to internal credit policies and procedures and other factors that may affect the overall adequacy of the allowance for credit losses.  The Loan Loss Committee is responsible for ensuring that the allowance for credit losses provides coverage of both known and inherent losses.  The Loan Loss Committee meets at least quarterly to determine the amount of adjustments to the allowance for credit losses.   The Loan Loss Committee is composed of senior management from the Bank’s loan administration and finance departments.  In 2010, the Bank established a real estate risk management group and an Impairment Committee.  The real estate risk management group oversees compliance with regulations and U.S. GAAP related to lending activities where real estate is the primary collateral.  The Bank’s Board of Directors has appointed an impairment committee (the “Impairment Committee”), which is responsible for evaluating loans that have been specifically identified through various channels, including examination of the Bank’s watch list, past due listings, findings of the internal loan review department, loan officer assessments and loans to borrowers or industries known to be experiencing problems.  For all loans identified, the responsible loan officer in conjunction with his or her credit administrator is required to prepare an impairment analysis to be reviewed by the Impairment Committee.  The Impairment Committee deems that a loan is impaired if it is probable that the Company will be unable to collect all the contractual principal and interest on the loan.  The Impairment Committee also evaluates the circumstances surrounding the loan in order to determine if the loan officer used the most appropriate method for assessing the impairment of the loan (i.e., present value of expected future cash flows, observable market price or fair value of the underlying collateral).  The Impairment Committee meets on a monthly basis.
If concessions are granted to a borrower as a result of its financial difficulties, the loan is classified as a TDR and analyzed for possible impairment as part of the credit approval process.  TDRs are reserved in accordance with FASB ASC 310 in the same manner as impaired loans that are not TDRs.  Should the borrower’s financial condition, collateral protection or performance deteriorate, warranting reassessment of the loan rating or impairment, additional reserves may be required.
Loans of $200,000 or more that become 60 or more days past due are identified for review by the Impairment Committee, which decides whether an impairment exists and to what extent a specific allowance for loss should be made.  Loans that do not meet these requirements may also be identified by management for impairment review.  Loans subject to such review are evaluated as to collateral dependency, current collateral value, guarantor or other financial support and likely disposition.  Each such loan is individually evaluated for impairment.  The impairment evaluation of real estate loans generally focuses on the fair value of underlying collateral obtained from appraisals, as the repayment of these loans may be dependent on the liquidation of the collateral.  In certain circumstances, other information such as comparable sales data is deemed to be a more reliable indicator of fair value of the underlying collateral than the most recent appraisal.  In these instances, such information is used in determining the impairment recorded for the loan.  As the repayment of commercial and industrial loans is generally dependent upon the cash flow of the borrower or guarantor support, the impairment evaluation generally focuses on the discounted future cash flows of the borrower or guarantor support, as well as the projected liquidation of any pledged collateral.  The Impairment Committee reviews the results of each evaluation and approves the final impairment amounts, which are then included in the analysis of the adequacy of the allowance for credit losses in accordance with FASB ASC 310.  Loans identified for impairment are placed in non-accrual status.
The Company’s policy is to obtain an appraisal at the time of loan origination for real estate collateral securing a loan of $250,000 or more, consistent with regulatory guidelines. The Company’s policy is to obtain an updated appraisal when certain events occur, such as the refinancing of the debt, the renewal of the debt or events that indicate potential impairment.  A new appraisal is generally ordered for loans greater than $200,000 that have characteristics of potential impairment such as delinquency or other loan-specific factors identified by management, when a current appraisal (dated within the prior 12 months) is not available or when a current appraisal uses assumptions that are not consistent with the expected disposition of the loan collateral.  In order to measure
 
 
45

 
impairment properly at the time that a loan is deemed to be impaired, a staff appraiser may estimate the collateral fair value based upon earlier appraisals, sales contracts, approved foreclosure bids, comparable sales, officer estimates or current market conditions until a new appraisal is received.  This estimate can be used to determine the extent of the impairment on the loan.  After a loan is deemed to be impaired, it is management’s policy to obtain an updated appraisal on at least an annual basis.  Management performs a review of the pertinent facts and circumstances of each impaired loan, such as changes in outstanding balances, information received from loan officers and receipt of re-appraisals, on a monthly basis.  As of each review date, management considers whether additional impairment should be recorded based on recent activity related to the loan-specific collateral as well as other relevant comparable assets.  Any adjustment to reflect further impairments, either as a result of management’s periodic review or as a result of an updated appraisal, are made through recording additional loan loss provisions or charge-offs.
At March 31, 2012, impaired loans totaled $211.1 million, which was net of cumulative charge-offs of $55.4 million.  Additionally, the Company had specific reserves for impaired loans of $25.5 million included in the allowance for credit losses.  Impaired loans at March 31, 2012 were primarily from the Company’s commercial and residential real estate construction, acquisition and development portfolios.  Impaired loan charge-offs are determined necessary when management does not anticipate any future recovery of collateral values.  The loans were evaluated for impairment based on the fair value of the underlying collateral securing the loan.  As part of the impairment review process, appraisals are used to determine the property values.  The appraised values that are used are generally based on the disposition value of the property, which assumes Bank ownership of the property “as-is” and a 180-day marketing period.  If a current appraisal or one with an inspection date within the past 12 months using the necessary assumptions is not available, a new third-party appraisal is ordered.  In cases where an impairment exists and a current appraisal is not available at the time of review, a staff appraiser may determine an estimated value based upon earlier appraisals, the sales contract, approved foreclosure bids, comparable sales, comparable appraisals, officer estimates or current market conditions until a new appraisal is received.  After a new appraisal is received, the value used in the review will be updated and any adjustments to reflect further impairments are made.  Appraisals are obtained from state-certified appraisers based on certain assumptions which may include foreclosure status, bank ownership, other real estate owned marketing period of 180 days, costs to sell, construction or development status and the highest and best use of the property.  A staff appraiser may make adjustments to appraisals based on sales contracts, comparable sales and other pertinent information if an appraisal does not incorporate the effect of these assumptions.
When a guarantor is relied upon as a source of repayment, it is the Company’s policy to analyze the strength of the guaranty.  This analysis varies based on circumstances, but may include a review of the guarantor’s personal and business financial statements and credit history, a review of the guarantor’s tax returns and the preparation of a cash flow analysis of the guarantor.  Management will continue to update its analysis on individual guarantors as circumstances change.  Because of the continued weakness in the economy, subsequent analyses may result in the identification of the inability of some guarantors to perform under the agreed upon terms.
Any loan or portion thereof which is classified as “loss” by regulatory examiners or which is determined by management to be uncollectible, because of factors such as the borrower’s failure to pay interest or principal, the borrower’s financial condition, economic conditions in the borrower’s industry or the inadequacy of underlying collateral, is charged off.

 
 
46

 
 
The following table provides an analysis of the allowance for credit losses for the periods indicated:

   
Three months ended
 
   
March 31,
 
   
2012
   
2011
 
   
(Dollars in thousands)
 
Balance, beginning of period
  $ 195,118     $ 196,913  
                 
Loans and leases charged off:
               
Commercial and industrial
    (4,272 )     (8,809 )
Real estate
               
   Consumer mortgages
    (4,216 )     (3,974 )
   Home equity
    (851 )     (1,082 )
   Agricultural
    (96 )     (592 )
   Commercial and industrial-owner occupied
    (3,868 )     (1,716 )
   Construction, acquisition and development
    (11,394 )     (31,629 )
   Commercial real estate
    (2,809 )     (4,514 )
Credit cards
    (562 )     (881 )
All other
    (758 )     (553 )
  Total loans charged off
    (28,826 )     (53,750 )
                 
Recoveries:
               
Commercial and industrial
    1,542       184  
Real estate
               
   Consumer mortgages
    323       143  
   Home equity
    315       45  
   Agricultural
    10       2  
   Commercial and industrial-owner occupied
    351       173  
   Construction, acquisition and development
    2,155       564  
   Commercial real estate
    383       13  
Credit cards
    118       255  
All other
    288       312  
  Total recoveries
    5,485       1,691  
                 
Net charge-offs
    (23,341 )     (52,059 )
                 
Provision charged to operating expense
    10,000       53,479  
Balance, end of period
  $ 181,777     $ 198,333  
                 
Average loans for period
  $ 8,791,542     $ 9,299,984  
                 
Ratios:
               
Net charge-offs to average loans (annualized)
    1.06 %     2.24 %
Provision for credit losses to average loans and leases, net of unearned income (annualized)
    0.45 %     2.30 %
Allowance for credit losses to loans and leases, net of unearned income
    2.08 %     2.15 %
Allowance for credit losses to net charge-offs (annualized)
    194.70 %     95.24 %


Net charge-offs decreased $28.7 million, or 55.2%, in the first quarter of 2012 compared to the first quarter of 2011.  Decreases in net charge-offs in the first quarter of 2012 contributed to a lower provision for credit losses of $10.0 million during the first quarter of 2012 compared to a provision of $53.5 million in the same quarter of 2011.   Annualized net charge-offs as a percentage of average loans and leases decreased to 1.06% for the first
 
 
47

 
quarter of 2012 compared to 2.24% for the first quarter of 2011.  These decreases were primarily a result of decreased losses within the real estate construction, acquisition and development segment of the Company’s loan and lease portfolio.  The losses experienced in this segment were primarily a result of the weakened financial condition of the corresponding borrowers and guarantors.  These borrowers’ weakened state hindered their ability to service their loans with the Company, which caused a number of loans to become collateral dependent.  Once it is determined a loan’s repayment is dependent upon the underlying collateral, the loan is charged down to net realizable value or a specific reserve is allocated to the loan.  This process resulted in a decreased level of charge-offs in the first quarter of 2012 compared to the first quarter of 2011 as updated appraisals came in closer to loan carrying values.  The decreased level of charge-offs resulted in an increase in the ratio of the allowance for credit losses to annualized charge-offs from 95.24% for the first quarter of 2011 to 194.70% for the first quarter of 2012.
The provision for credit losses decreased to $10.0 million for the first quarter of 2012 compared to $53.5 million in the first quarter of 2011.  The decrease in the provision for credit losses was a result of the decrease in net charge-offs, a decline in the formation of new non-accrual loans, including fewer loans being identified for impairment, continued stabilization in values of previously impaired loans, and a significant decrease in NPLs.
As of March 31, 2012, 83.4% of nonaccrual loans had been charged down to net realizable value or had specific reserves to reflect recent appraised values.  This resulted in impaired loans having an aggregate net book value of 70% of their contractual principal balance at March 31, 2012.  As of March 31, 2011, 91.4% of nonaccrual loans had been charged down to net realizable value or had specific reserves to reflect recent appraised values.  This resulted in impaired loans having an aggregate net book value of 68% of their contractual principal balance at March 31, 2011.  Non-accrual loans not impaired are loans not determined to be collaterally dependant.
The breakdown of the allowance by loan and lease category is based, in part, on evaluations of specific loan and lease histories and on economic conditions within specific industries or geographical areas.  Accordingly, because all of these conditions are subject to change, the allocation is not necessarily indicative of the breakdown of any future allowance or losses.  The following table presents (i) the breakdown of the allowance for credit losses by segment and class and (ii) the percentage of each segment and class in the loan and lease portfolio to total loans and leases at the dates indicated:

   
March 31,
   
December 31,
 
   
2012
   
2011
   
2011
 
   
Allowance
for
Credit
Losses
   
% of
Total
Loans
and Leases
   
Allowance
for
Credit
Losses
   
% of
Total
Loans
and Leases
   
Allowance
for
Credit
Losses
   
% of
Total
Loans
and Leases
 
   
(Dollars in thousands)
 
Commercial and industrial
  $ 20,982       16.5 %   $ 20,379       16.2 %   $ 20,724       16.6 %
Real estate
                                               
   Consumer mortgages
    36,548       22.1 %     33,612       21.2 %     36,529       21.8 %
   Home equity
    8,228       5.7 %     7,692       5.7 %     8,630       5.8 %
   Agricultural
    3,386       2.9 %     4,447       2.7 %     3,921       2.7 %
   Commercial and industrial-owner occupied
    20,642       14.7 %     29,924       14.2 %     21,929       14.6 %
   Construction, acquisition and development
    35,461       9.8 %     54,228       12.1 %     45,562       10.2 %
   Commercial real estate
    39,382       19.8 %     33,485       19.8 %     39,444       19.7 %
Credit cards
    3,141       1.1 %     3,446       1.1 %     4,021       1.2 %
All other
    14,007       7.4 %     11,120       7.0 %     14,358       7.4 %
     Total
  $ 181,777       100.0 %   $ 198,333       100.0 %   $ 195,118       100.0 %



 
48

 
 
Noninterest Revenue

The components of noninterest revenue for the three months ended March 31, 2012 and 2011 and the corresponding percentage changes are shown in the follow­ing tables:


   
Three months ended
       
   
March 31,
       
   
2012
   
2011
   
% Change
 
   
(Dollars in thousands)
       
Mortgage lending
  $ 15,142     $ 7,581       99.7 %
Credit card, debit card and merchant fees
    7,523       10,346       (27.3 )
Service charges
    15,116       15,368       (1.6 )
Trust income
    2,282       3,134       (27.2 )
Securities gains, net
    74       17       335.3  
Insurance commissions
    23,153       22,549       2.7  
Annuity fees
    642       1,296       (50.5 )
Brokerage commissions and fees
    1,438       1,638       (12.2 )
Bank-owned life insurance
    2,613       1,699       53.8  
Other miscellaneous income
    4,377       4,683       (6.5 )
Total noninterest revenue
  $ 72,360     $ 68,311       5.9 %

The Company’s revenue from mortgage lending typically fluctuates as mortgage interest rates change and is primarily attributable to two activities - origination and sale of new mortgage loans and servicing mortgage loans.  Since the Company does not hedge the change in fair value of its MSRs, mortgage revenue can be significantly affected by changes in the valuation of MSRs in changing interest rate environments.  The Company’s normal practice is to originate mortgage loans for sale in the secondary market and to either retain or release the associated MSRs with the loan sold.  The Company records MSRs at fair value on a recurring basis with subsequent remeasurement of MSRs based on change in fair value in accordance with FASB ASC 860, Transfers and Servicing.
In the course of conducting the Company’s mortgage lending activities of originating mortgage loans and selling those loans in the secondary market, various representations and warranties are made to the purchasers of the mortgage loans.  These representations and warranties also apply to underwriting the real estate appraisal opinion of value for the collateral securing these loans.  Under the representations and warranties, failure by the Company to comply with the underwriting and/or appraisal standards could result in the Company being required to repurchase the mortgage loan or to reimburse the investor for losses incurred (i.e., make whole requests) if such failure cannot be cured by the Company within the specified period following discovery.  During the first three months of 2012, seven mortgage loans totaling $1.1 million were repurchased or otherwise settled as a result of underwriting and appraisal standard exceptions or make whole requests.  A loss of approximately $127,000 was recognized related to these repurchased or make whole loans.  During the first three months of 2011, no mortgage loans were repurchased or otherwise settled as a result of underwriting and appraisal standard exceptions or make whole requests.  Therefore, no loss was recognized related to repurchased or make whole loans.
 At March 31, 2012, the Company had reserved approximately $959,000 for potential losses from representation and warranty obligations.  The reserve was based on the Company’s repurchase and loss trends, and quantitative and qualitative factors that may result in anticipated losses different than historical loss trends, including loan vintage, underwriting characteristics and macroeconomic trends.
Management believes that the Company’s foreclosure process related to mortgage loans continues to operate effectively.  A mortgage loan foreclosure committee of the Bank reviews all delinquent loans before beginning the foreclosure process.  All documents and activities related to the foreclosure process are executed in-house by mortgage department personnel.
Origination revenue, a component of mortgage lending revenue, is comprised of gains or losses from the sale of the mortgage loans originated, origination fees, underwriting fees and other fees associated with the origination of loans.  Mortgage loan origination volumes of $395.1 million and $202.8 million produced origination revenue of $9.7 million and $3.2 million for the quarters ended March 31, 2012 and 2011, respectively.  The
 
 
49

 
 increase in mortgage origination revenue was a direct result of the increase in mortgage loan origination volumes for the first quarter of 2012 compared to the first quarter of 2011.
Revenue from the servicing process, another component of mortgage lending revenue, includes fees from the actual servicing of loans.  Revenue from the servicing of loans was $3.5 million and $3.1 million for the quarters ended March 31, 2012 and 2011, respectively.  Changes in the fair value of the Company’s MSRs are generally a result of changes in mortgage interest rates from the previous reporting date.  An increase in mortgage interest rates typically results in an increase in the fair value of the MSRs while a decrease in mortgage interest rates typically results in a decrease in the fair value of MSRs.  The fair value of MSRs is also impacted by principal payments, prepayments and payoffs on loans in the servicing portfolio.  Decreases in value from principal payments, prepayments and payoffs were $1.7 million and $1.3 million for the quarters ended March 31, 2012 and 2011, respectively.  The Company does not hedge the change in fair value of its MSRs and is susceptible to significant fluctuations in their value in a changing interest rate environment.  Reflecting this sensitivity to interest rates, the fair value of MSRs increased $3.7 million and $2.5 million for the first quarter of 2012 and 2011, respectively.
The following tables present the Company’s mortgage lending operations for the three months ended March 31, 2012 and 2011:


   
Three months ended
       
   
March 31,
       
   
2012
       
2011
   
% Change
 
   
(Dollars in thousands)
       
Production revenue:
                     
   Origination
  $ 9,720         $ 3,224       201.5 %
   Servicing
    3,451           3,117       10.7  
   Payoffs/Paydowns
    (1,726 )         (1,300 )     32.8  
     Total
    11,445           5,041       127.0  
MSR market value adjustment
    3,697           2,540       45.6  
Mortgage lending revenue
  $ 15,142         $ 7,581       99.7 %
 
   
(Dollars in millions)
         
Origination volume
  $ 395         $ 203       94.6 %
                             
                             
Mortgage loans serviced at period-end
  $ 4,413         $ 3,947       11.8 %
 
Credit card, debit card and merchant fees decreased for the comparable three-month periods as a result of the impact of the implementation of the Durbin Amendment with that decrease somewhat offset by the increase in the number and monetary volume of items processed.  As a result of the impact of the Durbin Amendment implementation, among other factors, debit card revenue decreased by $3.2 million for the first quarter of 2012 compared to the first quarter of 2011.  Management estimates that debit card revenue could be reduced in 2012 by approximately $13.0 million as a result of the impact of the Durbin Amendment.
Recent changes in banking regulations and, in particular, the Federal Reserve’s rules pertaining to certain overdraft payments on consumer accounts and the FDIC’s Overdraft Payment Programs and Consumer Protection Final Overdraft Payment Supervisory Guidance, resulted in a decrease in insufficient fund fees for the first quarter of 2012 compared to the first quarter of 2011.  However, service charges on deposit accounts, which include insufficient fund fees, remained stable for the three-month periods ended March 31, 2012 and 2011, as the Company took steps to mitigate the impact of these new regulations on the Company’s service charge revenue by offering new deposit products to customers.
Trust income decreased by 27.2% for the three-month periods ended March 31, 2012 and 2011 primarily as a result of decreases in the assets under management or in custody.  Net security gains of approximately $74,000 for the three-month period ended March 31, 2012 were primarily a result of calls of available-for-sale securities.
Insurance commissions remained relatively stable for the comparable three-month periods.  Annuity fees decreased by 50.5% for the comparable three-month periods as a result of fewer annuity sales combined with reduced commissions on those sales.  Brokerage commissions and fees decreased by 12.2% for the comparable three-month periods as a result of the lower volume of transactions.  Bank-owned life insurance revenue increased
 
 
50

 
53.8% for the comparable three-month periods as a result of the Company recording life insurance proceeds of approximately $872,000 during the first three months of 2012.  Other miscellaneous income, which includes safe deposit box rental income, gain or loss on disposal of assets, and other non-recurring revenue items, decreased 6.5% for the comparable three-month periods as a result of decreases in miscellaneous investment income.

 Noninterest Expense

The components of noninterest expense for the three months ended March 31, 2012 and 2011 and the corresponding percentage changes are shown in the follow­ing table:


   
Three months ended
       
   
March 31,
       
   
2012
   
2011
   
% Change
 
   
(Dollars in thousands)
       
Salaries and employee benefits
  $ 74,931     $ 70,375       6.5 %
Occupancy, net
    10,066       10,671       (5.7 )
Equipment
    5,333       5,658       (5.7 )
Deposit insurance assessments
    5,383       5,425       (0.8 )
Advertising
    841       889       (5.4 )
Foreclosed property expense
    8,409       7,082       18.7  
Telecommunications
    2,206       2,143       2.9  
Public relations
    1,466       1,514       (3.2 )
Data processing
    2,764       2,301       20.1  
Computer software
    1,803       1,848       (2.4 )
Amortization of intangibles
    763       854       (10.7 )
Legal fees
    2,216       2,598       (14.7 )
Postage and shipping
    1,255       1,297       (3.2 )
Other miscellaneous expense
    18,244       17,355       5.1  
Total noninterest expense
  $ 135,680     $ 130,010       4.4 %


Salaries and employee benefits expense for the three months ended March 31, 2012 increased compared to the same period in 2011, primarily because of increased FICA taxes, employee benefits and incentive compensation.  Occupancy expense decreased for the comparable three-month periods primarily because of the effect of the closure of branch offices during 2011 under the Company’s branch optimization project.  Equipment expense decreased for the comparable three-month periods primarily because of decreased depreciation.  Deposit insurance assessments remained relatively stable for the comparable three-month periods.
Foreclosed property expense increased for the three months ended March 31, 2012 compared to the same period in 2011, as the Company experienced losses on the sale of foreclosed properties and increased other foreclosed property expenses as a result of the increase in the number of properties owned.  During the first three months of 2012, the Company added $10.8 million to other real estate owned through foreclosures.  Sales of other real estate owned in the first three months of 2012 were $11.8 million resulting in a net loss of approximately $770,000.  The components of foreclosed property expense for the three months ended March 31, 2012 and 2011 and the percentage change between periods are shown in the following table:


   
Three months ended
       
   
March 31,
       
   
2012
   
2011
   
% Change
   
(Dollars in thousands)
       
Loss on sale of other real estate owned
  $ 770     $ 492       56.5 %
Writedown of other real estate owned
    4,992       4,936       1.1  
Other foreclosed property expense
    2,648       1,654       60.1  
Total foreclosed property expense
  $ 8,410     $ 7,082       18.8 %


 
51

 

While the Company experienced some fluctuations in various components of other noninterest expense, including data processing, legal fees and amortization of intangibles, total noninterest expense remained relatively stable for the three months ended March 31, 2012, compared with the same period in 2011.

Income Tax

The Company recorded income tax expense of $9.4 million for the first quarter of 2012, compared to an income tax benefit of $5.2 million for the first quarter of 2011.  Because of the volatility on the Company’s earnings, the Company’s tax calculations were based on actual results of operations, including tax preference items through March 31, 2012.  The primary differences between the Company’s recorded expense for the first three months of 2012, and the expense that would have resulted from applying the U.S. statutory tax rate of 35% to the Company’s pre-tax income were primarily the effects of tax-exempt income and other tax preference items.

FINANCIAL CONDITION

The percentage of earning assets to total assets measures the effectiveness of management’s efforts to invest available funds into the most efficient and profitable uses.  Earning assets at March 31, 2012 were $12.1 billion, or 90.8% of total assets, compared with $11.8 billion, or 90.6% of total assets, at December 31, 2011.

Loans and Leases

The Bank’s loan and lease portfolio represents the largest single component of the Company’s earning asset base, comprising 73.5% of average earning assets during the first quarter of 2012.  The Bank’s lending activities include both commercial and consumer loans and leases.  Loan and lease originations are derived from a number of sources, including direct solicitation by the Bank’s loan officers, existing depositors and borrowers, builders, attorneys, walk-in customers and, in some instances, other lenders, real estate broker referrals and mortgage loan companies.  The Bank has established systematic procedures for approving and monitoring loans and leases that vary depending on the size and nature of the loan or lease, and applies these procedures in a disciplined manner.  The Company’s loans and leases are widely diversified by borrower and industry.  Loans and leases, net of unearned income, totaled $8.7 billion at March 31, 2012, representing a 1.5% decrease from $8.9 billion at December 31, 2011.  The decrease in loans and leases, net of unearned income, was primarily a result of continued low loan demand in the markets served by the Company; however, the Company was able to replace some loan runoff with new loan production, particularly out of its Texas and Louisiana markets.
The following table shows the composition of the Company’s gross loans and leases by segment and class at the dates indicated:

   
March 31,
   
December 31,
 
   
2012
   
2011
   
2011
 
   
(In thousands)
 
                   
Commercial and industrial
  $ 1,452,492     $ 1,497,380     $ 1,484,967  
Real estate
                       
   Consumer mortgages
    1,937,997       1,958,367       1,945,190  
   Home equity
    501,331       531,406       514,362  
   Agricultural
    256,683       250,393       239,487  
   Commercial and industrial-owner occupied
    1,287,542       1,316,824       1,301,575  
   Construction, acquisition and development
    858,110       1,117,335       908,362  
   Commercial real estate
    1,742,001       1,831,226       1,754,022  
Credit cards
    100,527       100,732       106,281  
All other
    640,855       651,946       657,012  
     Total
  $ 8,777,538     $ 9,255,609     $ 8,911,258  
 
 

 
 
52

 
The following table shows the Company’s net loans and leases by segment, class and geographical location as of March 31, 2012:

 
Alabama
and Florida
Panhandle
   
Arkansas*
   
Mississippi*
   
Missouri
 
Greater
Memphis
Area
   
Tennessee*
   
Texas and
Louisiana
   
Other
   
Total
 
 
(In thousands)
       
Commercial and industrial
$ 56,958     $ 165,503     $ 333,153     $ 51,881   $ 16,991     $ 78,288     $ 249,569     $ 489,384     $ 1,441,727  
Real estate
                                                                   
   Consumer
mortgages
  108,285       270,476       757,160       55,566     82,585       166,615       444,094       53,216       1,937,997  
   Home equity
  57,995       39,922       170,628       24,849     67,484       75,894       62,253       2,306       501,331  
   Agricultural
  5,775       83,839       72,900       3,937     9,262       13,199       62,470       5,301       256,683  
   Commercial and industrial-owner occupied
  114,985       166,065       453,201       68,002     95,874       95,133       244,967       49,315       1,287,542  
   Construction, acquisition and development
  104,362       69,566       244,459       48,115     95,198       92,608       185,781       18,021       858,110  
   Commercial real estate
  203,365       342,591       342,816       219,999     115,186       101,142       362,700       54,202       1,742,001  
Credit cards
  -       -       -       -     -       -       -       100,527       100,527  
All other
  31,347       88,646       195,309       5,662     57,105       47,204       95,521       91,211       612,005  
     Total
$ 683,072     $ 1,226,608     $ 2,569,626     $ 478,011   $ 539,685     $ 670,083     $ 1,707,355     $ 863,483     $ 8,737,923  
* Excludes the Greater Memphis Area.
 

The maturity distribution of the Bank’s loan portfolio is one factor in management’s evaluation by collateral type of the risk characteristics of the loan and lease portfolio.  The following table shows the maturity distribution of the Company’s loans and leases, net of unearned income, as of March 31, 2012:


   
Past Due
   
One Year
or Less
   
One to
Five Years
   
After
Five Years
   
Total
 
   
(In thousands)
 
Commercial and industrial
  $ 12,456     $ 896,434     $ 406,214     $ 126,623     $ 1,441,727  
Real estate
                                       
   Consumer mortgages
    6,109       413,498       1,183,284       335,106       1,937,997  
   Home equity
    190       108,865       392,236       40       501,331  
   Agricultural
    542       73,538       132,972       49,631       256,683  
   Commercial and industrial-owner occupied
    6,900       235,133       741,990       303,519       1,287,542  
   Construction, acquisition and development
    22,307       473,967       333,779       28,057       858,110  
   Commercial real estate
    6,672       357,970       1,165,378       211,981       1,742,001  
Credit cards
    -       100,527       -       -       100,527  
All other
    405       220,377       340,460       50,763       612,005  
     Total
  $ 55,581     $ 2,880,309     $ 4,696,313     $ 1,105,720     $ 8,737,923  
 
Commercial and Industrial - Commercial and industrial loans are loans and leases to finance business operations, equipment and owner-occupied facilities primarily for small and medium-sized enterprises. These include both lines of credit for terms of one year or less and term loans which are amortized over the useful life of the assets financed. Personal guarantees are generally required for these loans. Also included in this category are loans to finance agricultural production and business credit card lines.  Commercial and industrial loans outstanding remained stable during the first three months of 2012, decreasing by 2.2% compared to December 31, 2011.
Real Estate – Consumer Mortgages - Consumer mortgages are first- or second-lien loans to consumers secured by a primary residence or second home. These loans are generally amortized over terms up to 15 or 20 years with maturities of three to five years.  The loans are generally secured by properties located within the local market area of the community bank which originates and services the loan. These loans are underwritten in accordance with the Bank’s general loan policies and procedures which require, among other things, proper documentation of each borrower’s financial condition, satisfactory credit history and property value. Consumer mortgages outstanding remained stable during the first three months of 2012, decreasing by 0.4% compared to December 31, 2011.  In addition to loans originated through the Bank’s branches, the Bank originates and services consumer mortgages sold in the secondary market which are underwritten and closed pursuant to investor and agency guidelines.  The Bank’s exposure to sub-prime mortgages is minimal.
Real Estate – Home Equity - Home equity loans include revolving credit lines which are secured by a first or second lien on a borrower’s residence. Each loan is underwritten individually by lenders who specialize in home equity lending and must conform to Bank lending policies and procedures for consumer loans as to borrower’s financial condition, ability to repay, satisfactory credit history and the condition and value of collateral. Properties securing home equity loans are generally located in the local market area of the Bank branch or office originating
 
 
53

 
 and servicing the loan.  The Bank has not purchased home equity loans from brokers or other lending institutions.  Home equity loans outstanding decreased 2.5% during the first three months of 2012.
Real Estate – Agricultural - Agricultural loans include loans to purchase agricultural land and production lines secured by farm land.  Agricultural loans outstanding increased 7.2% during the first three months of 2012.
Real Estate – Commercial and Industrial-Owner Occupied - Commercial and industrial-owner occupied loans include loans secured by business facilities to finance business operations, equipment and owner-occupied facilities primarily for small and medium-sized enterprises. These include both lines of credit for terms of one year or less and term loans which are amortized over the useful life of the assets financed. Personal guarantees are generally required for these loans.  Commercial and industrial-owner occupied loans remained stable during the first three months of 2012 decreasing 1.1%.
Real Estate – Construction, Acquisition and Development - Construction, acquisition and development loans include both loans and credit lines for the purpose of purchasing, carrying and developing land into commercial developments or residential subdivisions.  Also included are loans and lines for construction of residential, multi-family and commercial buildings. These loans are often structured with interest reserves to fund interest costs during the construction and development period.  Additionally, certain loans are structured with interest only terms.  The Bank primarily engages in construction and development lending only in local markets served by its branches. The weakened economy and housing market has negatively impacted builders and developers in particular.  Sales of finished houses slowed during 2009 and activity has remained slow since then, which has resulted in lower demand for residential lots and development land.  The Company curtailed the origination of new construction, acquisition and development loans significantly during 2009 and the Company has continued to maintain that strategy.  Construction, acquisition and development loans decreased 5.5% during the first three months of 2012.
The underwriting process for construction, acquisition and development loans with interest reserves is essentially the same as that for a loan without interest reserves and may include analysis of borrower and guarantor financial strength, market demand for the proposed project, experience and success with similar projects, property values, time horizon for project completion and the availability of permanent financing once the project is completed.  Construction, acquisition and development loans, with or without interest reserves, are inspected periodically to ensure that the project is on schedule and eligible for requested draws.  Inspections may be performed by construction inspectors hired by the Company or by appropriate loan officers and are done periodically to monitor the progress of a particular project.  These inspections may also include discussions with project managers and engineers.  For performing construction, acquisition and development loans, interest is generally recognized as interest income as it is earned.  Non-performing construction, acquisition and development loans are placed on non-accrual status and interest income is not recognized, except in those situations where principal is expected to be received in full.  In such situations, interest income is recognized as payment is received.
At March 31, 2012, the Company had $26.7 million in construction, acquisition and development loans that provided for the use of interest reserves with approximately $198,000 recognized as interest income during the first quarter of 2012.  The amount of construction, acquisition and development loans with interest reserves that were on non-accrual status was $2.2 million at March 31, 2012.  Interest income is not recognized on construction, acquisition and development loans with interest reserves that are in non-accrual status.  Loans with interest reserves normally have a budget that includes the various cost components involved in the project. Interest is such a cost, along with hard and other soft costs.  The Company’s policy is to allow interest reserves only during the construction phase.
So that interest capitalization is appropriate, interest reserves are not included for any renewal period after construction is completed or otherwise ceases, requiring borrowers to make interest payments no less than quarterly.  Loans for which construction is complete, or has ceased, and where interest payments are not made on a timely basis are usually considered non-performing and are placed in nonaccrual status.  Procedures are in place to restrict the structuring of a loan with terms that do not require performance until the end of the loan term, as well as to restrict the advancement of funds to keep a loan from becoming non-performing with any such advancement identified as a TDR.
On a case-by-case basis, a construction, acquisition and development loan may be extended, renewed or restructured.  Loans are sometimes extended for a short period of time (generally 90 days or less) beyond the contractual maturity to facilitate negotiations or allow the borrower to gain other financing or acquire more recent note-related information, such as appraisals or borrower financial statements.  These short-term extensions are not ordinarily accounted for as TDRs if the loan and project are performing in accordance with the terms of the loan agreement and/or promissory note.  Construction, acquisition and development loans may be renewed when the
 
 
54

 
borrower has satisfied the terms and conditions of the original loan, including payment of interest, and when management believes that the borrower is able to continue to meet the terms of the renewed note during the renewal period.  Many loans are structured to mature at the conclusion of the construction or development period or at least annually.  If concessions are granted to a borrower as a result of its financial difficulties, the loan is classified as a TDR and analyzed for impairment.
The Bank’s real estate risk management group is responsible for reviewing and approving the structure and classification of all construction, acquisition and development loan renewals and modifications above a threshold of $500,000.  The analysis performed by the real estate risk management group may include the review of updated appraisals, borrower and guarantor financial condition, construction status and proposed loan structure.  If the new terms of the loan meet the criteria of a TDR as set out in FASB ASC 310, the loan is identified as such.
Each construction, acquisition and development loan is underwritten to address: (i) the desirability of the project, its market viability and projected absorption period; (ii) the creditworthiness of the borrower and the guarantor as to liquidity, cash flow and assets available to ensure performance of the loan; (iii) equity contribution to the project; (iv) the developer’s experience and success with similar projects; and (v) the value of the collateral.
The construction, acquisition and development portfolio may be further categorized by risk characteristics into the following six categories: commercial acquisition and development, residential acquisition and development, multi-family construction, one-to-four family construction, commercial construction and recreation and all other loans.  Construction, acquisition and development loans were $858.1 million at March 31, 2012 and $908.4 million at December 31, 2011.  The following table shows the Company’s construction, acquisition and development portfolio by geographical location at March 31, 2012:


Real Estate Construction,
Acquisition and Development
 
Alabama
and Florida
Panhandle
   
Arkansas*
   
Mississippi*
   
Missouri
   
Greater
Memphis
Area
   
Tennessee*
   
Texas and
Louisiana
   
Other
   
Total
 
Performing:
 
(In thousands)
Multi-family construction
  $ 2,634     $ -     $ 11     $ -     $ -     $ 675     $ 1,363     $ -     $ 4,683  
One-to-four family construction
    22,592       12,405       40,876       3,784       7,584       26,088       32,620       580       146,529  
Recreation and all other loans
    1,735       8,896       31,632       562       2,349       657       16,343       -       62,174  
Commercial construction
    14,319       5,788       36,794       1,466       9,093       16,860       29,658       3,516       117,494  
Commercial acquisition and development
    11,290       16,320       51,175       12,447       24,262       12,341       31,532       5,977       165,344  
Residential acquisition and development
    31,196       20,455       76,039       16,043       27,636       20,121       42,993       6,050       240,533  
     Total
  $ 83,766     $ 63,864     $ 236,527     $ 34,302     $ 70,924     $ 76,742     $ 154,509     $ 16,123     $ 736,757  
                                                                         
Non-performing:
                                                                       
Multi-family construction
  $ -     $ -     $ -     $ -     $ -     $ -     $ -     $ -     $ -  
One-to-four family construction
    4,391       298       852       3,003       1,996       1,942       270       -       12,752  
Recreation and all other loans
    -       41       -       -       825       188       179       -       1,233  
Commercial construction
    44       142       -       1,153       -       2,745       595       -       4,679  
Commercial acquisition and development
    2,615       72       1,466       2,571       7,966       4,378       7,371       -       26,439  
Residential acquisition and development
    13,546       5,149       5,614       7,086       13,487       6,613       22,857       1,898       76,250  
     Total
  $ 20,596     $ 5,702     $ 7,932     $ 13,813     $ 24,274     $ 15,866     $ 31,272     $ 1,898     $ 121,353  
                                                                         
Total:
                                                                       
Multi-family construction
  $ 2,634     $ -     $ 11     $ -     $ -     $ 675     $ 1,363     $ -     $ 4,683  
One-to-four family construction
    26,983       12,703       41,728       6,787       9,580       28,030       32,890       580       159,281  
Recreation and all other loans
    1,735       8,937       31,632       562       3,174       845       16,522       -       63,407  
Commercial construction
    14,363       5,930       36,794       2,619       9,093       19,605       30,253       3,516       122,173  
Commercial acquisition and development
    13,905       16,392       52,641       15,018       32,228       16,719       38,903       5,977       191,783  
Residential acquisition and development
    44,742       25,604       81,653       23,129       41,123       26,734       65,850       7,948       316,783  
     Total
  $ 104,362     $ 69,566     $ 244,459     $ 48,115     $ 95,198     $ 92,608     $ 185,781     $ 18,021     $ 858,110  
                                                                         
* Excludes the Greater Memphis Area.
 


 
55

 


The following table shows the maturity distribution of the Company’s construction, acquisition and development portfolio as of March 31, 2012:

Real Estate Construction,
Acquisition and Development
 
Past Due
   
One Year
or Less
   
One to
Five Years
   
After
Five Years
   
Total
 
Outstanding loan balances:
 
(In thousands)
 
Multi-family construction
  $ -     $ 4,672     $ 11     $ -     $ 4,683  
One-to-four family construction
    2,462       142,079       14,222       518       159,281  
Recreation and all other loans
    146       9,124       47,880       6,257       63,407  
Commercial construction
    2,049       34,993       71,914       13,217       122,173  
Commercial acquisition and development
    9,293       81,798       97,856       2,836       191,783  
Residential acquisition and development
    8,357       201,301       101,896       5,229       316,783  
     Total
  $ 22,307     $ 473,967     $ 333,779     $ 28,057     $ 858,110  
                                         
Non-accrual loans:
                                       
Multi-family construction
  $ -     $ -     $ -     $ -     $ -  
One-to-four family construction
    1,343       8,695       1,574       341       11,953  
Recreation and all other loans
    -       367       19       -       386  
Commercial construction
    595       2,921       186       -       3,702  
Commercial acquisition and development
    5,415       15,607       2,442       -       23,464  
Residential acquisition and development
    7,994       62,823       5,327       -       76,144  
     Total
  $ 15,347     $ 90,413     $ 9,548     $ 341     $ 115,649  

As of March 31, 2012, approximately 55.2% of the loans included in the construction, acquisition and development portfolio were scheduled to mature within one year.  Many of these maturities are expected to occur prior to the completion of the related projects; and it is therefore expected that these loans will be renewed for an additional period of time. The Company’s loan policy requires that updated appraisals from qualified third party appraisers be obtained for any real estate loan renewed for loans over $250,000. If the borrower is experiencing financial difficulties, and the renewal is made with concessions, the loan is considered to be a TDR. These TDRs are tested for impairment by assessing the estimated disposal value of the collateral from the recent appraisal or by assessing the present value of the discounted cash flows expected on these loans.
The following table presents the activity in the construction, acquisition and development nonaccrual loans for the three-months ended March 31, 2012:

   
(In thousands)
 
Balance at January 1, 2012
  $ 133,110  
Additions to CAD nonaccruals
       
Formation of new nonaccrual loans
    5,662  
Reductions in CAD nonaccruals
       
Charge-offs
    (11,389 )
Foreclosures to OREO
    (3,046 )
Payments
    (10,093 )
Transfers to accrual status
    (546 )
Transfer (to) from  other loan category
    1,951  
Balance at March 31, 2012
  $ 115,649  

The five largest credits that make up the construction, acquisition and development nonaccrual loan balance at March 31, 2012 are located throughout the Company’s geographical locations and are in various stages of development and maturity.  The five largest credits make up 22.8% of the total construction, acquisition and development nonaccrual loan balance at March 31, 2012.
Real Estate – Commercial - Commercial loans include loans to finance income-producing commercial and multi-family properties.  Lending in this category is generally limited to properties located in the Bank’s trade area with only limited exposure to properties located elsewhere but owned by in-market borrowers. Loans in this category include loans for neighborhood retail centers, medical and professional offices, single retail stores, warehouses and apartments leased generally to local businesses and residents. The underwriting of these loans takes
 
 
56

 
into consideration the occupancy and rental rates as well as the financial health of the borrower.  The Bank’s exposure to national retail tenants is minimal.  The Bank has not purchased commercial real estate loans from brokers or third-party originators.  Commercial loans remained stable during the first three months of 2012, decreasing 0.7% compared to December 31, 2011.
Credit Cards - Credit cards include consumer and business MasterCard and Visa accounts.  The Bank offers credit cards primarily to its deposit and loan customers.  Credit card balances decreased 5.4% during the first three months of 2012.
All Other - All other loans and leases include consumer installment loans and loans and leases to state, county and municipal governments and non-profit agencies. Consumer installment loans and leases include term loans of up to five years secured by automobiles, boats and recreational vehicles.  The Bank offers lease financing for vehicles and heavy equipment to state, county and municipal governments and medical equipment to healthcare providers across the southern states.  All other loan and lease balances decreased 2.4% during the first three months of 2012.
NPLs consist of non-accrual loans and leases, loans and leases 90 days or more past due, still accruing, and accruing loans and leases that have been restructured (primarily in the form of reduced interest rates and modified payment terms) because of the borrower’s or guarantor’s weakened financial condition or bankruptcy proceedings.  The Bank’s policy provides that loans and leases are generally placed in non-accrual status if, in management’s opinion, payment in full of principal or interest is not expected or payment of principal or interest is more than 90 days past due, unless the loan or lease is both well-secured and in the process of collection.  The Bank’s NPAs consist of NPLs and other real estate owned, which consists of foreclosed properties.  The Bank's NPAs, which are carried either in the loan account or other real estate owned on the consolidated balance sheets, depending on foreclosure status, were as follows as of the dates presented:

   
March 31,
   
December 31,
 
   
2012
   
2011
   
2011
 
   
(Dollars in thousands)
 
Non-accrual loans and leases
  $ 253,227     $ 370,726     $ 276,798  
Loans 90 days or more past due, still accruing
    1,698       4,829       3,434  
Restructured loans and leases, still accruing
    30,311       49,472       42,018  
Total NPLs
    285,236       425,027       322,250  
                         
Other real estate owned
    167,808       136,412       173,805  
Total NPAs
  $ 453,044     $ 561,439     $ 496,055  
                         
NPLs to net loans and leases
    3.26 %     4.61 %     3.63 %
NPAs to net loans and leases
    5.18 %     6.09 %     5.59 %


NPLs decreased 11.5% to $285.2 million at March 31, 2012 compared to $322.3 million at December 31, 2011 and decreased 32.9% compared to $425.0 million at March 31, 2011.  Included in NPLs at March 31, 2012 were $211.1 million of loans that were impaired.  These impaired loans had a specific reserve of $25.5 million included in the allowance for credit losses of $181.8 million at March 31, 2012, and were net of $55.4 million in partial charge-downs previously taken on these impaired loans.  NPLs at December 31, 2011 included $234.9 million of loans that were impaired.  These impaired loans had a specific reserve of $39.7 million included in the allowance for credit losses of $195.1 million at December 31, 2011.  NPLs at March 31, 2011 included $338.8 million of loans that were impaired.  These impaired loans had a specific reserve of $49.4 million included in the allowance for credit losses of $198.3 million at March 31, 2011.

 
 
57

 
 
The following table provides additional details related to the Company’s NPLs and the allowance for credits losses at the dates indicated:

   
March 31,
   
December 31,
 
   
2012
   
2011
   
2011
 
   
(Dollars in thousands)
 
                   
Unpaid principal balance of impaired loans
  $ 266,483     $ 423,497     $ 287,099  
Cumulative charge offs on impaired loans
    55,371       84,676       52,176  
Outstanding balance of impaired loans
    211,112       338,821       234,923  
                         
Other non-accrual loans and leases not impaired
    42,115       31,905       41,875  
                         
     Total non-accrual loans and leases
  $ 253,227     $ 370,726     $ 276,798  
                         
Allowance for impaired loans
    25,546       49,419       39,708  
                         
     Nonaccrual loans and leases, net of specific reserves
  $ 227,681     $ 321,307     $ 237,090  
                         
Loans and leases 90 days or more past due, still accruing
    1,698       4,829       3,434  
Restructured loans and leases, still accruing
    30,311       49,472       42,018  
                         
     Total non-performing loans and leases
  $ 285,236     $ 425,027     $ 322,250  
                         
Allowance for impaired loans
  $ 25,546     $ 49,419     $ 39,708  
Allowance for all other loans and leases
    156,231       148,914       155,410  
                         
     Total allowance for credit losses
  $ 181,777     $ 198,333     $ 195,118  
                         
                         
Outstanding balance of impaired loans
  $ 211,112     $ 338,821     $ 234,923  
Allowance for impaired loans
    25,546       49,419       39,708  
                         
     Net book value of impaired loans
  $ 185,566     $ 289,402     $ 195,215  
                         
                         
                         
Net book value of impaired loans as a % of unpaid principal balance
    70 %     68 %     68 %
Coverage of other non-accrual loans and leases not impaired by the allowance for all other loans and leases
    371 %     467 %     371 %
Coverage of non-performing loans and leases not impaired by the allowance for all other loans and leases
    211 %     173 %     178 %

Non-accrual loans at March 31, 2012 reflected a decrease of $23.6 million, or 8.5%, compared to December 30, 2011 and a decrease of $117.5 million, or 31.7%, compared to March 31, 2011.  The Bank’s NPL levels over the past several years have been reflective of the continuing effects of the prevailing economic environment on the Bank’s loan portfolio, as a significant portion of the prior increases in the Bank’s NPLs was attributable to problems developing for established customers with real estate related loans, particularly residential construction and development loans, primarily in the Bank’s more urban markets. These problems resulted primarily from the decreased liquidity of certain borrowers and third party guarantors, as well as the declines in appraised real estate values for loans which became collateral dependent during the past two years and certain other borrower specific factors.  The decrease in non-accrual loans was primarily recognized in the real estate construction, acquisition and development portfolio as non-accrual loans related to this portfolio decreased $17.5
 
 
58

 
million, or 13.1%, to $115.6 million at March 31, 2012 compared to $133.1 million at December 31, 2011 and decreased $109.2 million, or 48.6%, compared to $224.8 million at March 31, 2011.
Of the Bank’s construction, acquisition and development loans, which totaled $858.1 million at March 31, 2012, $292.2 million represented loans made by the Bank’s locations in Alabama, Texas, Louisiana and Tennessee, including the greater Memphis, Tennessee area, a portion of which is in northwest Mississippi and Arkansas.  Residential acquisition and development loans were the largest component of the Bank’s construction, acquisition and development loans and totaled $316.8 million at March 31, 2012 with 56.3% of such loans made by the Bank’s locations in Alabama, Texas, Louisiana and Tennessee.  These areas have experienced a higher incidence of NPLs, primarily as a result of a severe downturn in the housing market in these regions.  Of the Bank’s total NPLs of $285.2 million at March 31, 2012, $169.1 million, or 59.3%, were loans made within these markets.  These markets continue to be affected by high inventories of unsold homes, unsold lots and undeveloped land intended for use as housing developments.  Unlike the Bank’s NPL concentrations in Alabama, Texas, Louisiana and Tennessee which have been affected by the severe downturn in the housing market, the Bank’s NPLs in Missouri are generally a result of borrowers experiencing financial difficulties, or difficulties with a specific project, rather than problems more associated with product types in specific geographic areas.  The Bank’s NPLs in Missouri are represented by fewer and larger individual credits in the construction, acquisition and development and commercial real estate classes, some of which pre-date the Bank’s acquisition of The Signature Bank in 2007.  The following table presents the NPLs by geographical location at March 31, 2012:

   
Outstanding
   
90+ Days
Past Due still
Accruing
   
Non-accruing
Loans
   
Restructured
Loans, still
accruing
   
NPLs
   
NPLs as a
% of
Outstanding
 
   
(Dollars in thousands)
 
Alabama and Florida Panhandle
  $ 683,072     $ -     $ 48,028     $ 1,474     $ 49,502       7.2 %
Arkansas*
    1,226,608       90       19,967       2,957       23,014       1.9  
Mississippi*
    2,569,626       11       34,288       4,999       39,298       1.5  
Missouri
    478,011       -       27,361       10,760       38,121       8.0  
Greater Memphis Area
    539,685       -       35,683       1,078       36,761       6.8  
Tennessee*
    670,083       -       29,654       4,781       34,435       5.1  
Texas and Louisiana
    1,707,355       -       47,345       1,048       48,393       2.8  
Other
    863,483       1,597       10,901       3,214       15,712       1.8  
     Total
  $ 8,737,923     $ 1,698     $ 253,227     $ 30,311     $ 285,236       3.3 %
* Excludes the Greater Memphis Area.

Other real estate owned increased by $31.4 million to $167.8 million at March 31, 2012 compared to $136.4 million at March 31, 2011, with the increase reflecting the increased borrower defaults in the residential real estate sector in certain of the Bank’s markets, resulting in increased foreclosures.  Other real estate owned decreased during the first three months of 2012, as writedowns on existing other real estate owned properties decreased $3.7 million during the first quarter of 2012.  Writedowns were the result of continuing processes to value these properties at fair value.  The Bank recorded losses from the loans that were secured by these foreclosed properties in the allowance for credit losses at the time of foreclosure.
The ultimate impact of the economic downturn on the Company’s financial condition and results of operations will depend on its severity and duration.  Continued weakness in the economy could adversely affect the Bank’s volume of NPLs. The Bank will continue to focus on improving and enhancing existing processes related to the early identification and resolution of potential credit problems.  Loans identified as meeting the criteria set out in FASB ASC 310 are identified as TDRs.  The concessions granted most frequently for TDRs involve reductions or delays in required payments of principal and/or interest for a specified time, the rescheduling of payments in accordance with a bankruptcy plan or the charge-off of a portion of the loan.  In most cases, the conditions of the credit also warrant non-accrual status, even after the restructure occurs.  TDR loans may be returned to accrual status in years after the restructure if there has been at least a six-month sustained period of repayment performance under the restructured loan terms by the borrower and the interest rate at the time of restructure was at or above market for a comparable loan.  For reporting purposes, if a restructured loan is 90 days or more past due or has been placed in non-accrual status, the restructured loan is included in the loans 90 days or more past due category or the non-accrual loan category of NPAs.  Total restructured loans were $90.2 million and $104.7 million at March 31, 2012 and December 31, 2011, respectively.  Restructured loans of $59.8 million and $62.7 million were included in the non-accrual loan category at March 31, 2012 and December 31, 2011, respectively.
 
 
59

 
At March 31, 2012, the Company did not have any concentration of loans or leases in excess of 10% of total loans and leases outstanding which were not otherwise disclosed as a category of loans or leases.  Loan concentrations are considered to exist when there are amounts loaned to multiple borrowers engaged in similar activities which would cause them to be similarly impacted by economic or other conditions.  The Bank conducts business in a geographically concentrated area and has a significant amount of loans secured by real estate to borrowers in varying activities and businesses, but does not consider these factors alone in identifying loan concentrations.  The ability of the Bank’s borrowers to repay loans is somewhat dependent upon the economic conditions prevailing in the Bank’s market areas.
The Company utilizes an internal loan classification system to grade loans according to certain credit quality indicators.  These credit quality indicators include, but are not limited to, recent credit performance, delinquency, liquidity, cash flows, debt coverage ratios, collateral type and loan-to-value ratio.  The following table provides details of the Company’s loan and lease portfolio, net of unearned income, by segment, class and internally assigned grade at March 31, 2012:

   
Pass
   
Special
Mention
   
Substandard
   
Doubtful
   
Loss
   
Impaired
   
Total
 
   
(In thousands)
 
Commercial and industrial
  $ 1,376,983     $ 6,449     $ 47,783     $ 4,159     $ 247     $ 6,106     $ 1,441,727  
Real estate
                                                       
  Consumer mortgage
    1,729,187       23,918       151,679       4,351       446       28,416       1,937,997  
  Home equity
    476,300       2,793       19,626       754       275       1,583       501,331  
  Agricultural
    229,865       1,936       21,763       20       -       3,099       256,683  
  Commercial and industrial-owner occupied
    1,151,368       24,662       83,041       230       89       28,152       1,287,542  
  Construction, acquisition and development
    601,396       22,939       121,556       956       -       111,263       858,110  
  Commercial real estate
    1,491,021       47,535       171,891       72       -       31,482       1,742,001  
Credit Cards
    100,527       -       -       -       -       -       100,527  
All other
    575,399       16,685       18,222       678       10       1,011       612,005  
    Total
  $ 7,732,046     $ 146,917     $ 635,561     $ 11,220     $ 1,067     $ 211,112     $ 8,737,923  

In the normal course of business, management becomes aware of possible credit problems in which borrowers exhibit potential for the inability to comply with the contractual terms of their loans and leases, but which currently do not yet meet the criteria for disclosure as NPLs.  However, based upon past experiences, some of these loans and leases with potential weaknesses will ultimately be restructured or placed in non-accrual status.  At March 31, 2012, the Bank had $9.2 million of potential problem loans or leases or loans and leases with potential weaknesses that were not included in the non-accrual loans and leases or in the loans 90 days or more past due categories.  These loans or leases are included in the above rated categories.  Loans with identified weaknesses based upon analysis of the credit quality indicators are included in the loans 90 days or more past due category or in the non-accrual loan and lease category which would include impaired loans.
The following table provides details regarding the aging of the Company’s loan and lease portfolio, net of unearned income, by internally assigned grade at March 31, 2012:

   
Current
   
30-59 Days
Past Due
   
60-89 Days
Past Due
   
90+ Days
Past Due
   
Total
 
   
(In thousands)
 
Pass
  $ 7,720,484     $ 9,749     $ 1,813     $ -     $ 7,732,046  
Special Mention
    145,010       843       1,064       -       146,917  
Substandard
    602,812       13,890       5,141       13,718       635,561  
Doubtful
    8,754       728       236       1,502       11,220  
Loss
    504       259       67       237       1,067  
Impaired
    154,958       10,949       2,951       42,254       211,112  
     Total
  $ 8,632,522     $ 36,418     $ 11,272     $ 57,711     $ 8,737,923  

While increases were realized in the Special Mention and Doubtful categories, the Substandard and Impaired categories decreased at March 31, 2012 compared to December 31, 2011.  Of the $146.9 million of Special Mention loans and leases, 98.7% remained current as to scheduled repayment of principal and interest, with no loans or leases having outstanding balances that were 90 days or more past due at March 31, 2012.  Of the $635.6 million of Substandard loans and leases, 94.8% remained current as to scheduled repayment of principal and interest, with only 2.2% having outstanding balances that were 90 days or more past due at March 31, 2012.  Of the
 
 
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$211.1 million of Impaired loans and leases, 73.4% remained current as to scheduled repayment of principal and interest, with 20.0% having outstanding balances that were 90 days or more past due at March 31, 2012.
Collateral for some of the Bank’s loans and leases is subject to fair value evaluations that fluctuate with market conditions and other external factors.  In addition, while the Bank has certain underwriting obligations related to such evaluations, the evaluations of some real property and other collateral are dependent upon third-party independent appraisers employed either by the Bank’s customers or as independent contractors of the Bank.  During the current economic cycle, some subsequent fair value appraisals have reported lower values than were originally reported.  These declining collateral values could impact future losses and recoveries.
The following table provides additional details related to the make-up of the Company’s loan and lease portfolio, net of unearned income, and the distribution of NPLs at March 31, 2012:

Loans and leases, net of unearned income
 
Outstanding
   
90+ Days
Past Due still
Accruing
   
Non-accruing
Loans
   
Restructured
Loans, still
accruing
   
NPLs
   
NPLs as a
% of
Outstanding
 
   
(Dollars in thousands)
 
Commercial and industrial
  $ 1,441,727     $ 10     $ 11,025     $ 1,445     $ 12,480       0.9 %
Real estate
                                               
   Consumer mortgages
    1,937,997       1,314       46,562       4,349       52,225       2.7  
   Home equity
    501,331       -       2,687       -       2,687       0.5  
   Agricultural
    256,683       -       4,254       -       4,254       1.7  
   Commercial and industrial-owner occupied
    1,287,542       -       32,842       4,251       37,093       2.9  
   Construction, acquisition and development
    858,110       -       115,649       5,704       121,353       14.1  
   Commercial real estate
    1,742,001       -       35,715       11,129       46,844       2.7  
Credit cards
    100,527       228       509       2,323       3,060       3.0  
All other
    612,005       146       3,984       1,110       5,240       0.9  
     Total
  $ 8,737,923     $ 1,698     $ 253,227     $ 30,311     $ 285,236       3.3 %

The following table provides additional details related to the make-up of the Company’s real estate construction, acquisition and development loan class and the distribution of NPLs at March 31, 2012:


Real Estate Construction,
Acquisition and Development
 
Outstanding
   
90+ Days
Past Due still
Accruing
   
Non-accruing
Loans
   
Restructured
Loans, still
accruing
   
NPLs
   
NPLs as a
% of
Outstanding
   
(Dollars in thousands)
Multi-family construction
  $ 4,683     $ -     $ -     $ -     $ -       - %
One-to-four family construction
    159,281       -       11,953       799       12,752       8.0  
Recreation and all other loans
    63,407       -       386       847       1,233       1.9  
Commercial construction
    122,173       -       3,702       977       4,679       3.8  
Commercial acquisition and development
    191,783       -       23,464       2,975       26,439       13.8  
Residential acquisition and development
    316,783       -       76,144       106       76,250       24.1  
     Total
  $ 858,110     $ -     $ 115,649     $ 5,704     $ 121,353       14.1 %

Securities

The Company uses the Bank’s securities portfolios to make various term invest­ments, to provide a source of liquidity and to serve as collateral to secure certain types of deposits. Available-for-sale securities were $2.6 billion at March 31, 2012 compared to $2.5 billion at December 31, 2011.  Available-for-sale securities, which are subject to possible sale, are recorded at fair value.  At March 31, 2012, the Company held no securities whose decline in fair value was considered other than temporary.
The following table shows the available-for-sale securities portfolio by credit rating as obtained from Moody’s rating service as of March 31, 2012:
 
 
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Amortized Cost
   
Estimated Fair Value
 
   
Amount
   
%
   
Amount
   
%
 
Available-for-sale Securities:
 
(Dollars in thousands)
 
Aaa
  $ 2,000,345       79.6 %   $ 2,036,662       79.1 %
Aa1 to Aa3
    212,486       8.5 %     223,736       8.7 %
A1 to A3
    27,961       1.1 %     28,648       1.1 %
Baa1 to Baa2
    7,587       0.3 %     7,866       0.3 %
Ba1 to Ba3
    975       -       976       -  
Caa1
    66       -       131       -  
Not rated (1)
    263,427       10.5 %     275,516       10.8 %
   Total
  $ 2,512,847       100.0 %   $ 2,573,535       100.0 %
                                 
(1) Not rated securities primarily consist of Mississippi and Arkansas municipal bonds.
 

Of the securities not rated by Moody’s, bonds with a book value of $87.0 million and a market value of $91.9 million were rated A- or better by Standard and Poor’s.

Goodwill

The Company’s policy is to assess goodwill for impairment at the reporting segment level on an annual basis or sooner if an event occurs or circumstances change which indicate that the fair value of a reporting unit is below its carrying amount.  Impairment is the condition that exists when the carrying amount of goodwill exceeds its implied fair value.  Accounting standards require management to estimate the fair value of each reporting segment in assessing impairment at least annually.  The Company’s annual assessment date is during the Company’s fourth quarter.  No events occurred during the first quarter of 2012 that indicated the necessity of an earlier goodwill impairment assessment.
In the current environment, forecasting cash flows, credit losses and growth in addition to valuing the Company’s assets with any degree of assurance is very difficult and subject to significant changes over very short periods of time.  Management will continue to update its analysis as circumstances change.  As market conditions continue to be volatile and unpredictable, impairment of goodwill related to the Company’s reporting segments may be necessary in future periods.  Goodwill was $271.3 million at both March 31, 2012 and December 31, 2011.

Other Real Estate Owned

Other real estate owned totaled $167.8 million and $173.8 million at March 31, 2012 and December 31, 2011, respectively.  Other real estate owned at March 31, 2012 had aggregate loan balances at the time of foreclosure of $230.3 million.  Other real estate owned at December 31, 2011 had aggregate loan balances at time of foreclosure of $319.1 million.  The following table presents the other real estate owned by segment, class and geographical location at March 31, 2012:

   
Alabama
and Florida
Panhandle
   
Arkansas*
   
Mississippi*
   
Missouri
   
Greater
Memphis
Area
   
Tennessee*
   
Texas and
Louisiana
   
Other
   
Total
 
   
(In thousands)
 
Commercial and industrial
  $ 423     $ 16     $ -     $ -     $ 821     $ -     $ -     $ -     $ 1,260  
Real estate
                                                                       
   Consumer mortgages
    3,505       615       2,970       -       4,713       3,523       111       3,377       18,814  
   Home equity
    -       26       22       -       586       141       -       -       775  
   Agricultural
    902       -       730       -       1,164       2,371       -       -       5,167  
   Commercial and industrial-owner occupied
    1,564       656       2,583       2,113       1,829       164       174       291       9,374  
   Construction, acquisition and development
    16,179       1,766       25,510       1,965       46,007       19,458       2,630       -       113,515  
   Commercial real estate
    3,557       1,744       3,241       307       7,318       -       233       579       16,979  
All other
    209       83       990       117       437       -       55       33       1,924  
     Total
  $ 26,339     $ 4,906     $ 36,046     $ 4,502     $ 62,875     $ 25,657     $ 3,203     $ 4,280     $ 167,808  
* Excludes the Greater Memphis Area.
 
Because of the relatively high number of the Bank’s NPLs that have been determined to be collaterally dependent, management expects the resolution of a significant number of these loans to necessitate foreclosure proceedings resulting in a further increase in other real estate owned.  While management expects future foreclosure activity in virtually all loan categories, the magnitude of nonperforming loans in the construction, acquisition and development portfolio indicated that a majority of additions to OREO in the near-term will be from that category.
 
 
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At the time of foreclosure, the fair value of construction, acquisition and development properties is typically determined by an appraisal performed by a third party appraiser holding professional certifications.  Such appraisals are then reviewed and evaluated by the Company’s internal appraisal group.  A disposition value appraisal using a 180-360 day marketing period is typically ordered and the OREO is recorded at the time of foreclosure at its disposition value less estimated selling costs.  For residential subdivisions that are not completed, the appraisals reflect the uncompleted status of the subdivision.
To ensure that OREO is carried at the lower of cost or fair value less estimated selling costs on an ongoing basis, new appraisals are obtained on at least an annual basis and the OREO carrying values are adjusted accordingly.  The type of appraisals typically used for these periodic reappraisals are Restricted Use Appraisals, meaning the appraisal is for client use only.   Other indications of fair value are also used to ensure that OREO is carried at the lower of cost or fair value.  These would include listing the property with a broker and acceptance of an offer to purchase from a third party.  If a parcel of OREO is listed with a broker at an amount less than the current carrying value, the carrying value is immediately adjusted to reflect the list price less estimated selling costs and if an offer to purchase is accepted at a price less that the current carrying value, the carrying value is immediately adjusted to reflect that sales price, less estimated selling costs.  The majority of the properties in OREO are actively marketed using a combination of real estate brokers, bank staff who are familiar with the particular properties and/or third parties.

Deposits and Other Interest-Bearing Liabilities

Deposits originating within the communities served by the Bank continue to be the Bank’s primary source of funding its earning assets.  The Company has been able to compete effectively for deposits in its primary market areas, while continuing to manage the exposure to rising interest rates.  The dis­tribution and market share of deposits by type of deposit and by type of depositor are important considerations in the Company's assessment of the stability of its fund sources and its access to additional funds.  Furthermore, management shifts the mix and maturity of the deposits depending on economic conditions and loan and investment policies in an attempt, within set policies, to minimize cost and maximize net interest margin.
The following table presents the Company’s noninterest bearing, interest bearing, savings and other time deposits as of the dates indicated and the percentage change between dates:

   
March 31,
   
December 31,
       
   
2012
   
2011
   
% Change
 
   
(Dollars in millions)
       
Noninterest bearing demand
  $ 2,260     $ 2,270       (0.4 ) %
Interest bearing demand
    4,898       4,707       4.1  
Savings
    1,067       991       7.7  
Other time
    2,857       2,987       (4.4 )
Total deposits
  $ 11,082     $ 10,955       1.2 %

Total deposits remained relatively stable at March 31, 2012 compared to December 31, 2011, increasing by 1.2%.  The average maturity of time deposits at March 31, 2012 was approximately 15 months, compared to 14 months at December 31, 2011.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

One of the Company's goals is to provide adequate funds to meet increases in loan demand or any potential increase in the normal level of deposit withdrawals.  This goal is accomplished primarily by generating cash from the Bank’s operating activities and maintaining sufficient short-term liquid assets.  These sources, coupled with a stable deposit base and a historically strong reputation in the capital markets, allow the Company to fund earning assets and maintain the availability of funds.  Management believes that the Bank’s traditional sources of maturing loans and investment securities, sales of loans held for sale, cash from operating activities and a strong base of core deposits are adequate to meet the Company’s liquidity needs for normal operations over both the short-term and the long-term.
To provide additional liquidity, the Company utilizes short-term financing through the purchase of federal funds and securities sold under agreement to repurchase.  All securities sold under agreements to repurchase are
 
 
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accounted for as collateralized financing transactions and are recorded at the amounts at which the securities were acquired or sold plus accrued interest.  Further, the Company maintains a borrowing relationship with the FHLB which provides access to short-term and long-term borrowings.  The Company also has access to the Federal Reserve discount window and other bank lines.  The Company had short-term borrowings from the FHLB totaling $1.5 million at both March 31, 2012 and December 31, 2011.  The Company had federal funds purchased and securities sold under agreement to repurchase of $401.1 million and $373.9 million at March 31, 2012 and December 31, 2011, respectively.  The Company had long-term borrowings from the FHLB totaling $33.5 million at both March 31, 2012 and December 31, 2011.  The Company has pledged eligible mortgage loans to secure the FHLB borrowings and had $2.9 billion in additional borrowing capacity under the existing FHLB borrowing agreement at March 31, 2012.
The Company had non-binding federal funds borrowing arrangements with other banks aggregating $554.0 million at March 31, 2012.  Secured borrowing arrangements utilizing the Company’s securities portfolio provide substantial additional liquidity to the Company.  Such arrangements typically provide for borrowings of 95% to 98% of the unencumbered fair value of the Company’s federal government and government agencies securities portfolio.  The ability of the Company to obtain funding from these or other sources could be negatively affected should the Company experience a substantial deterioration in its financial condition or its debt rating, or should the availability of short-term funding become restricted as a result of the disruption in the financial markets.  Management does not anticipate any short- or long-term changes to its liquidity strategies and believes that the Company has ample sources to meet the liquidity challenges caused by current economic conditions.  The Company utilizes, among other tools, maturity gap tables, interest rate shock scenarios and an active asset and liability management committee to analyze, manage and plan asset growth and to assist in managing the Company’s net interest margin and overall level of liquidity.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

In the ordinary course of business, the Company enters into various off-balance sheet commitments and other arrangements to extend credit that are not reflected in the consolidated balance sheets of the Company.  The business purpose of these off-balance sheet commitments is the routine extension of credit.  While most of the commitments to extend credit are made at variable rates, included in these commitments are forward commitments to fund individual fixed-rate mortgage loans.  Fixed-rate lending commitments expose the Company to risks associated with increases in interest rates.  As a method to manage these risks, the Company enters into forward commitments to sell individual fixed-rate mortgage loans.  The Company also faces the risk of deteriorating credit quality of borrowers to whom a commitment to extend credit has been made; however, no significant credit losses are expected from these commitments and arrangements.

Regulatory Requirements for Capital

The Company is required to comply with the risk-based capital guidelines established by the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System.  These guidelines apply a variety of weighting factors that vary according to the level of risk associated with the assets.  Capital is measured in two “Tiers”: Tier I consists of common shareholders’ equity and qualifying non-cumulative perpetual preferred stock and minority interest in consolidated subsidiaries, less goodwill and certain other intangible assets; and Tier II consists of general allowance for losses on loans and leases, “hybrid” debt capital instruments and all or a portion of other subordinated capital debt, depending upon remaining term to maturity.  Total capital is the sum of Tier I and Tier II capital.  The required minimum ratio levels to be considered adequately capitalized for the Company’s Tier I capital, total capital, as a percentage of total risk-adjusted assets, and Tier I leverage capital (Tier I capital divided by total assets, less goodwill)  are 4%,  8% and 4%, respectively.  The Company exceeded the required minimum levels for these ratios at March 31, 2012 and December 31, 2011 as follows:

 
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March 31, 2012
   
December 31, 2011
 
   
Amount
   
Ratio
   
Amount
   
Ratio
 
   
(Dollars in thousands)
 
BancorpSouth, Inc.
                       
   Tier I capital (to risk-weighted assets)
  $ 1,261,121       13.13 %   $ 1,129,746       11.77 %
   Total capital (to risk-weighted assets)
    1,382,112       14.39       1,250,801       13.03  
   Tier I leverage capital (to average assets)
    1,261,121       9.85       1,129,746       8.85  


The FDIC’s capital-based supervisory system for insured financial in­stitutions categorizes the capital position for banks into five categories, ranging from “well capitalized” to “critically undercapitalized.”  For a bank to be classified as “well capitalized,” the Tier I capital, total capital and leverage capital ratios must be at least 6%, 10% and 5%, respectively.  The Bank met the criteria for the “well capitalized” category at March 31, 2012 and December 31, 2011 as follows:


   
March 31, 2012
   
December 31, 2011
 
   
Amount
   
Ratio
   
Amount
   
Ratio
 
   
(Dollars in thousands)
 
BancorpSouth Bank
                       
   Tier I capital (to risk-weighted assets)
  $ 1,125,513       11.73 %   $ 1,099,369       11.46 %
   Total capital (to risk-weighted assets)
    1,246,504       12.99       1,220,424       12.73  
   Tier I leverage capital (to average assets)
    1,125,513       8.84       1,099,369       8.67  


Federal and state banking laws and regulations and state corporate laws restrict the amount of dividends that the Company may declare and pay. For example, under guidance issued by the Federal Reserve, as a bank holding company, the Company is required to consult with the Federal Reserve before declaring dividends and is to consider eliminating, deferring or reducing dividends if (i) the Company’s net income available to shareholders for the past four quarters, net of dividends previously paid during that period, is not sufficient to fully fund the dividends, (ii) the Company’s prospective rate of earnings retention is not consistent with its capital needs and overall current and prospective financial condition, or (iii) the Company will not meet, or is in danger of not meeting, its minimum regulatory capital adequacy ratios.
In addition, the Company needs the approval of the Federal Reserve and the Bank needs the approval of the FDIC before paying cash dividends. Further, the Bank’s board of directors has approved a resolution requested by the FDIC and the Mississippi Department of Banking and Consumer Finance such that the declaration and payment of dividends will be limited to the Bank’s current net operating income and conditioned upon the prior written consent of the regulators and maintenance of minimum capital ratios. Finally, the Company’s board of directors has approved a resolution requested by the Federal Reserve such that the Company needs the prior approval of the Federal Reserve before making any declaration or payment of dividends on any of its capital stock.

Uses of Capital

Subject to pre-approval of the Federal Reserve and other banking regulators, the Company may pursue acquisitions of depository institutions and businesses closely related to banking that further the Company’s business strategies, including FDIC-assisted transactions.  Management anticipates that consideration for any transactions other than FDIC-assisted transactions would include shares of the Company’s common stock, cash or a combination thereof.
On January 24, 2012, the Company completed an underwritten public offering of 10,952,381 shares of Company common stock at a public offering price of $10.50 per share. The gross proceeds from the offering, before expenses, were $109.3 million. Offering expenses were approximately $575,000. The proceeds from the offering have been and will be used by the Company for general corporate purposes, including to maintain certain capital levels and liquidity at the Company, potentially provide equity capital to the Bank, fund growth either organically or through the acquisition of other financial institutions, insurance agencies, or other businesses that are closely aligned to the operations of the Company, and fund investments in its subsidiaries. 
 

 
 
65

 
Certain Litigation Contingencies

The nature of the Company’s business ordinarily results in a certain amount of claims, litigation, investigations and legal and administrative investigations and proceedings. Although the Company and its subsidiaries have developed policies and procedures to minimize the impact of legal noncompliance and other disputes, and endeavored to provide reasonable insurance coverage, litigation and regulatory actions present an ongoing risk.
The Company and its subsidiaries are engaged in lines of business that are heavily regulated and involve a large volume of financial transactions and potential transactions with numerous customers or applicants. From time to time, borrowers, customers, former employees and other third parties have brought actions against the Company or its subsidiaries, in some cases claiming substantial damages. Financial services companies are subject to the risk of class action litigation and, from time to time, the Company and its subsidiaries are subject to such actions brought against it. Additionally, the Bank is, and management expects it to be, engaged in a number of foreclosure proceedings and other collection actions as part of its lending and leasing collections activities, which, from time to time, have resulted in counterclaims against the Bank. Various legal proceedings have arisen and may arise in the future out of claims against entities to which the Company is a successor as a result of business combinations. The Company’s insurance has deductibles, and will likely not cover all such litigation or other proceedings or the costs of defense. The Company and its subsidiaries may also be subject to enforcement actions by federal or state regulators, including the Securities and Exchange Commission, the Federal Reserve, the FDIC, the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau, the Department of Justice, state attorneys general and the Mississippi Department of Banking and Consumer Finance.
When and as the Company determines it has meritorious defenses to the claims asserted, it vigorously defends against such claims. The Company will consider settlement of claims when, in management’s judgment and in consultation with counsel, it is in the best interests of the Company to do so.
The Company cannot predict with certainty the cost of defense, the cost of prosecution or the ultimate outcome of litigation and other proceedings filed by or against it, its directors, management or employees, including remedies or damage awards. On at least a quarterly basis, the Company assesses its liabilities and contingencies in connection with outstanding legal proceedings as well as certain threatened claims (which are not considered incidental to the ordinary conduct of the Company’s business) utilizing the latest and most reliable information available. For matters where a loss is not probable or the amount of the loss cannot be estimated, no accrual is established. For matters where it is probable the Company will incur a loss and the amount can be reasonably estimated, the Company establishes an accrual for the loss. Once established, the accrual is adjusted periodically to reflect any relevant developments. The actual cost of any outstanding legal proceedings or threatened claims, however, may turn out to be substantially higher than the amount accrued. Further, the Company’s insurance will not cover all such litigation, other proceedings or claims, or the costs of defense.
While the final outcome of any legal proceedings is inherently uncertain, based on the information available, advice of counsel and available insurance coverage, management believes that the litigation-related expense accrued as of March 31, 2012 is adequate and that any incremental liability arising from the Company’s legal proceedings and threatened claims, including the matters described herein and those otherwise arising in the ordinary course of business, will not have a material adverse effect on the Company's business or consolidated financial condition. It is possible, however, that future developments could result in an unfavorable outcome for or resolution of any one or more of the lawsuits in which the Company or its subsidiaries are defendants, which may be material to the Company’s results of operations for a given fiscal period.
On May 12, 2010, the Company and its Chief Executive Officer, President and Chief Financial Officer were named in a purported class action lawsuit filed in the U.S. District Court for the Middle District of Tennessee on behalf of certain purchasers of the Company’s common stock. On September 17, 2010, an Executive Vice President of the Company was added as a party to the lawsuit. The amended complaint alleges that the defendants issued materially false and misleading statements regarding the Company’s business and financial results. In particular, the allegations relate to the Company’s recording and reporting of its unaudited financial statements, including the allowance and provision for credit losses, and its internal control over financial reporting leading up to the filing of the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2009. The plaintiff seeks class certification, an unspecified amount of damages and awards of costs and attorneys’ fees and other equitable relief. No class has been certified and, at this stage of the lawsuit, management cannot determine the probability of an unfavorable outcome to the Company. There are significant uncertainties involved in any purported class action litigation.  Although it is not possible to predict the ultimate resolution or financial liability
 
 
66

 
with respect to this litigation, management is currently of the opinion that the outcome of this lawsuit will not have a material adverse effect on the Company’s business, consolidated financial position or results of operations. 
On August 16, 2011, a shareholder filed a putative derivative action purportedly on behalf of the Company in the Circuit Court of Lee County, Mississippi, against certain current and past executive officers and the members of the Board of Directors of the Company. The plaintiff in this shareholder derivative lawsuit asserts that the individual defendants violated their fiduciary duties based upon substantially the same facts as alleged in the purported class action lawsuit described above. The plaintiff is seeking to recover damages in an unspecified amount and equitable and/or injunctive relief. Although it is not possible to predict the ultimate resolution or financial liability with respect to this litigation, management is currently of the opinion that the outcome of this lawsuit will not have a material adverse effect on the Company’s business, consolidated financial position or results of operations.
In November 2010, the Company was informed that the Atlanta Regional Office of the SEC had issued an Order of Investigation concerning the Company.  This investigation is ongoing and is primarily focused on the Company’s recording and reporting of its unaudited financial statements, including the allowance and provision for credit losses, its internal control over financial reporting and its communications with the independent auditors prior to the filing of the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2009.  In connection with its investigation, the SEC issued subpoenas for documents and testimony, with which the Company has fully complied.  The Company is cooperating fully with the SEC. No claims have been made by the SEC against the Company or against any individuals affiliated with the Company. At this time, it is not possible to predict when or how the investigation will be resolved or the cost or potential liabilities associated with this matter.
On May 18, 2010, the Bank was named as a defendant in a purported class action lawsuit filed by an Arkansas customer of the Bank in the U.S. District Court for the Northern District of Florida. The suit challenges the manner in which overdraft fees were charged and the policies related to posting order of debit card and ATM transactions. The suit also makes a claim under Arkansas’ consumer protection statute. The plaintiff is seeking to recover damages in an unspecified amount and equitable relief. The case was transferred to pending multi-district litigation in the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of Florida. On May 4, 2012, the judge presiding over the multi-district litigation entered an order certifying a class in this case. Management of the Company plans to file a petition for leave to appeal the class certification order, which, if granted, would provide the Company with an immediate right to appeal the class certification order. At this state of the lawsuit, management of the Company cannot determine the probability of an unfavorable outcome to the Company. There are significant uncertainties involved in any purported class action litigation. Although it is not possible to predict the ultimate resolution or financial liability with respect to this litigation, management is currently of the opinion that the outcome of this lawsuit will not have a material adverse effect on the Company’s business, consolidated financial position or results of operations. However, there can be no assurance that an adverse outcome or settlement would not have a material adverse effect on the Company’s consolidated results of operations for a given fiscal period.
 
CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES

During the three months ended March 31, 2012, there was no significant change in the Company’s critical accounting policies and no significant change in the application of critical accounting policies as presented in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2011.
 
ITEM 3.  QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
 
During the three months ended March 31, 2012, there were no significant changes to the quantitative and qualitative disclosures about market risks presented in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2011.


ITEM 4.  CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES.

The Company, with the participation of its management, including its Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, carried out an evaluation of the effectiveness of the design and operation of its disclosure controls
 
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and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended) as of the end of the period covered by this report.  Based upon that evaluation and as of the end of the period covered by this report, the Company’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures were effective to allow timely decisions regarding disclosure in its reports that the Company files or submits to the Securities and Exchange Commission under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.
There have been no changes in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the period covered by this report that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.


PART II
OTHER INFORMATION

ITEM 1.  LEGAL PROCEEDINGS.

The nature of the Company’s business ordinarily results in a certain amount of claims, litigation, investigations and legal and administrative investigations and proceedings. Although the Company and its subsidiaries have developed policies and procedures to minimize the impact of legal noncompliance and other disputes, and endeavored to provide reasonable insurance coverage, litigation and regulatory actions present an ongoing risk.
The Company and its subsidiaries are engaged in lines of business that are heavily regulated and involve a large volume of financial transactions and potential transactions with numerous customers or applicants. From time to time, borrowers, customers, former employees and other third parties have brought actions against the Company or its subsidiaries, in some cases claiming substantial damages. Financial services companies are subject to the risk of class action litigation and, from time to time, the Company and its subsidiaries are subject to such actions brought against it. Additionally, the Bank is, and management expects it to be, engaged in a number of foreclosure proceedings and other collection actions as part of its lending and leasing collections activities, which, from time to time, have resulted in counterclaims against the Bank. Various legal proceedings have arisen and may arise in the future out of claims against entities to which the Company is a successor as a result of business combinations. The Company’s insurance has deductibles, and will likely not cover all such litigation or other proceedings or the costs of defense. The Company and its subsidiaries may also be subject to enforcement actions by federal or state regulators, including the Securities and Exchange Commission, the Federal Reserve, the FDIC, the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau, the Department of Justice, state attorneys general and the Mississippi Department of Banking and Consumer Finance.
When and as the Company determines it has meritorious defenses to the claims asserted, it vigorously defends against such claims. The Company will consider settlement of claims when, in management’s judgment and in consultation with counsel, it is in the best interests of the Company to do so.
On May 12, 2010, the Company and its Chief Executive Officer, President and Chief Financial Officer were named in a purported class action lawsuit filed in the U.S. District Court for the Middle District of Tennessee on behalf of certain purchasers of the Company’s common stock. On September 17, 2010, an Executive Vice President of the Company was added as a party to the lawsuit. The amended complaint alleges that the defendants issued materially false and misleading statements regarding the Company’s business and financial results. In particular, the allegations relate to the Company’s recording and reporting of its unaudited financial statements, including the allowance and provision for credit losses, and its internal control over financial reporting leading up to the filing of the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2009. The plaintiff seeks class certification, an unspecified amount of damages and awards of costs and attorneys’ fees and other equitable relief. No class has been certified and, at this stage of the lawsuit, management cannot determine the probability of an unfavorable outcome to the Company. There are significant uncertainties involved in any purported class action litigation.  Although it is not possible to predict the ultimate resolution or financial liability with respect to this litigation, management is currently of the opinion that the outcome of this lawsuit will not have a material adverse effect on the Company’s business, consolidated financial position or results of operations. 
On August 16, 2011, a shareholder filed a putative derivative action purportedly on behalf of the Company in the Circuit Court of Lee County, Mississippi, against certain current and past executive officers and the members
 
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of the Board of Directors of the Company. The plaintiff in this shareholder derivative lawsuit asserts that the individual defendants violated their fiduciary duties based upon substantially the same facts as alleged in the purported class action lawsuit described above. The plaintiff is seeking to recover damages in an unspecified amount and equitable and/or injunctive relief. Although it is not possible to predict the ultimate resolution or financial liability with respect to this litigation, management is currently of the opinion that the outcome of this lawsuit will not have a material adverse effect on the Company’s business, consolidated financial position or results of operations.
In November 2010, the Company was informed that the Atlanta Regional Office of the SEC had issued an Order of Investigation concerning the Company.  This investigation is ongoing and is primarily focused on the Company’s recording and reporting of its unaudited financial statements, including the allowance and provision for credit losses, its internal control over financial reporting and its communications with the independent auditors prior to the filing of the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2009.  In connection with its investigation, the SEC issued subpoenas for documents and testimony, with which the Company has fully complied.  The Company is cooperating fully with the SEC. No claims have been made by the SEC against the Company or against any individuals affiliated with the Company. At this time, it is not possible to predict when or how the investigation will be resolved or the cost or potential liabilities associated with this matter.
On May 18, 2010, the Bank was named as a defendant in a purported class action lawsuit filed by an Arkansas customer of the Bank in the U.S. District Court for the Northern District of Florida. The suit challenges the manner in which overdraft fees were charged and the policies related to posting order of debit card and ATM transactions. The suit also makes a claim under Arkansas’ consumer protection statute. The plaintiff is seeking to recover damages in an unspecified amount and equitable relief. The case was transferred to pending multi-district litigation in the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of Florida. On May 4, 2012, the judge presiding over the multi-district litigation entered an order certifying a class in this case. Management of the Company plans to file a petition for leave to appeal the class certification order, which, if granted, would provide the Company with an immediate right to appeal the class certification order. At this state of the lawsuit, management of the Company cannot determine the probability of an unfavorable outcome to the Company. There are significant uncertainties involved in any purported class action litigation. Although it is not possible to predict the ultimate resolution or financial liability with respect to this litigation, management is currently of the opinion that the outcome of this lawsuit will not have a material adverse effect on the Company’s business, consolidated financial position or results of operations. However, there can be no assurance that an adverse outcome or settlement would not have a material adverse effect on the Company’s consolidated results of operations for a given fiscal period.


ITEM 1A.  RISK FACTORS.

There have been no material changes from the risk factors previously disclosed in the Company’s annual report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2011.


ITEM 5.  OTHER INFORMATION.

On April 30, 2012, the Company entered into the BancorpSouth, Inc. Salary Continuation Agreement with Gordon R. Lewis to amend and restate an existing salary continuation agreement with Mr. Lewis solely to clarify the effect of certain restrictions on payment elections and distribution rights.   Reference is made to Exhibit (10) of this quarterly report for the terms and conditions of the amended and restated agreement.


ITEM 6.  EXHIBITS.
 

(3)
(a)
Restated Articles of Incorporation, as amended. (1)
 
(b)
Bylaws, as amended and restated. (2)
 
(c)
Amendment No. 1 to Amended and Restated Bylaws. (3)
 
(d)
Amendment No. 2 to Amended and Restated Bylaws (4)
 
(e)
Amendment No. 3 to Amended and Restated Bylaws (4)

 
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(4)
(a)
Specimen Common Stock Certificate. (5)
 
(b)
Amended and Restated Certificate of Trust of BancorpSouth Capital Trust I. (6)
 
(c)
Second Amended and Restated Trust Agreement of BancorpSouth Capital Trust I, dated as of January 28, 2002, between BancorpSouth, Inc., The Bank of New York, The Bank of New York (Delaware) and the Administrative Trustees named therein. (7)
 
(d)
Junior Subordinated Indenture, dated as of January 28, 2002, between BancorpSouth, Inc. and The Bank of New York. (7)
 
(e)
Guarantee Agreement, dated as of January 28, 2002, between BancorpSouth, Inc. and The Bank of New York. (7)
 
(f)
Junior Subordinated Debt Security Specimen. (7)
 
(g)
Trust Preferred Security Certificate for BancorpSouth Capital Trust I. (7)
 
(h)
Certain instruments defining the rights of certain holders of long-term debt securities of the Registrant are omitted pursuant to Item 601(b)(4)(iii)(A) of Regulation S-K. The Registrant hereby agrees to furnish copies of these instruments to the SEC upon request.
(10)
 
BancorpSouth, Inc. Salary Continuation Agreement for Gordon R. Lewis, dated April 30, 2012.*
(31.1)
 
Certification of the Chief Executive Officer of BancorpSouth, Inc. pursuant to Rule 13a-14 or 15d-14 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.*
(31.2)
 
Certification of the Chief Financial Officer of BancorpSouth, Inc. pursuant to Rule 13a-14 or 15d-14 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.*
(32.1)
 
Certification of the Chief Executive Officer of BancorpSouth, Inc. pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.*
(32.2)
 
Certification of the Chief Financial Officer of BancorpSouth, Inc. pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.*
(101)**
 
Pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T, the following financial information from the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the period ended September 30, 2011, is formatted in XBRL (Extensible Business Reporting Language) interactive data files: (i) the Consolidated Balance Sheets as of September 30, 2011 and 2010, and December 31, 2010, (ii) the Consolidated Statements of Income for each of the three-month and nine-month periods ended September 30, 2011 and 2010, (iii) the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for each of the nine-month periods ended September 30, 2011 and 2010, and (iv) the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, tagged as blocks of text.*
 
(1)
Filed as an exhibit to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the three months ended June 30, 2009 (file number 1-12991) and incorporated by reference thereto.
(2)
Filed as an exhibit to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 1998 (file number 1-12991) and incorporated by reference thereto.
(3)
Filed as an exhibit to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2000 (file number 1-12991) and incorporated by reference thereto.
(4)
Filed as exhibits 3.1 and 3.2 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on January 26, 2007 (file number 1-12991) and incorporated by reference thereto.
(5)
Filed as an exhibit to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 1994 (file number 0-10826) and incorporated by reference thereto.
(6)
Filed as exhibit 4.12 to the Company’s registration statement on Form S-3 filed on November 2, 2001 (Registration No. 33-72712) and incorporated by reference thereto.
(7)
Filed as an exhibit to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on January 28, 2002 (file number 1-12991) and incorporated by reference thereto.
*             Filed herewith.
**
As provided in Rule 406T of Regulation S-T, this information is furnished and not filed for purposes of Sections 11 and 12 of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.



 
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SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

       BancorpSouth, Inc.  
Date:  May 9, 2012
   
(Registrant)
 
 
       
       /s/ William L. Prater  
     
William L. Prater
 
 
    Treasurer and
Chief Financial Officer
 
 

 
 
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INDEX TO EXHIBITS

Exhibit No.
 
Description
 
(3)
(a)
Restated Articles of Incorporation, as amended. (1)
 
(b)
Bylaws, as amended and restated. (2)
 
(c)
Amendment No. 1 to Amended and Restated Bylaws. (3)
 
(d)
Amendment No. 2 to Amended and Restated Bylaws (4)
 
(e)
Amendment No. 3 to Amended and Restated Bylaws (4)
(4)
(a)
Specimen Common Stock Certificate. (5)
 
(b)
Amended and Restated Certificate of Trust of BancorpSouth Capital Trust I. (6)
 
(c)
Second Amended and Restated Trust Agreement of BancorpSouth Capital Trust I, dated as of January 28, 2002, between BancorpSouth, Inc., The Bank of New York, The Bank of New York (Delaware) and the Administrative Trustees named therein. (7)
 
(d)
Junior Subordinated Indenture, dated as of January 28, 2002, between BancorpSouth, Inc. and The Bank of New York. (7)
 
(e)
Guarantee Agreement, dated as of January 28, 2002, between BancorpSouth, Inc. and The Bank of New York. (7)
 
(f)
Junior Subordinated Debt Security Specimen. (7)
 
(g)
Trust Preferred Security Certificate for BancorpSouth Capital Trust I. (7)
 
(h)
Certain instruments defining the rights of certain holders of long-term debt securities of the Registrant are omitted pursuant to Item 601(b)(4)(iii)(A) of Regulation S-K. The Registrant hereby agrees to furnish copies of these instruments to the SEC upon request.
(10)
 
BancorpSouth, Inc. Salary Continuation Agreement for Gordon R. Lewis, dated April 30, 2012.*
(31.1)
 
Certification of the Chief Executive Officer of BancorpSouth, Inc. pursuant to Rule 13a-14 or 15d-14 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.*
(31.2)
 
Certification of the Chief Financial Officer of BancorpSouth, Inc. pursuant to Rule 13a-14 or 15d-14 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.*
(32.1)
 
Certification of the Chief Executive Officer of BancorpSouth, Inc. pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.*
(32.2)
 
Certification of the Chief Financial Officer of BancorpSouth, Inc. pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.*
(101)**
 
Pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T, the following financial information from the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the period ended September 30, 2011, is formatted in XBRL (Extensible Business Reporting Language) interactive data files: (i) the Consolidated Balance Sheets as of September 30, 2011 and 2010, and December 31, 2010, (ii) the Consolidated Statements of Income for each of the three-month and nine-month periods ended September 30, 2011 and 2010, (iii) the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for each of the nine-month periods ended September 30, 2011 and 2010, and (iv) the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, tagged as blocks of text.*

(1)
Filed as an exhibit to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the three months ended June 30, 2009 (file number 1-12991) and incorporated by reference thereto.
(2)
Filed as an exhibit to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 1998 (file number 1-12991) and incorporated by reference thereto.
(3)
Filed as an exhibit to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2000 (file number 1-12991) and incorporated by reference thereto.
(4)
Filed as exhibits 3.1 and 3.2 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on January 26, 2007 (file number 1-12991) and incorporated by reference thereto.
 

 
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(5)
Filed as an exhibit to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 1994 (file number 0-10826) and incorporated by reference thereto.
(6)
Filed as exhibit 4.12 to the Company’s registration statement on Form S-3 filed on November 2, 2001 (Registration No. 33-72712) and incorporated by reference thereto.
(7)
Filed as an exhibit to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on January 28, 2002 (file number 1-12991) and incorporated by reference thereto.
*             Filed herewith.
**
As provided in Rule 406T of Regulation S-T, this information is furnished and not filed for purposes of Sections 11 and 12 of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.

 
73